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Ver. 25.01
Jan. 21th, 2024

291.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4085; hybrids: 103
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; V. V. D. d´Orbigny, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
291.7396 Genus Brassica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 666 (1753)
Distribution: Eurasia, Mediterranean, many cultivated worldwide. According to PCR data the genus is still polyphyletic.
Species listed in database: 31
= Agrosinapis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 329 (1868)
= Bonannia C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 99 (1826)
= Brassicaria Pomel; Mat. Fl. Atl. 15 (1860)
= Brassicastrum Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 318 (1831)
= Brassicella Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 16: 330 (1868)
= Crucifera E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 346 (1914)
= Erucastrum C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 92 (1826)
= Erussica G.H.Loos; Florist. Rundbr., Beih. 7: 129 (2004)
= Heterocrambe Coss. & Durieu; Index Sem. Hort. Burdig. 25 (1867)
= Leucosinapis Spach; Hist. Veg. Phan. 6: 348 (1838)
= Melanosinapis Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 944 (1829)
= Micropodium Rchb.; Consp. 185 (1828)
= Mutarda Bernh.; Syst. Verz. [Bernhardi] 184 (1800)
= Napus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
= Ramphospermum Andrz. ex Rchb.; Moessl. Handb. ed. 2(1): lvii (1827)
= Rapa Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
= Sinabraca G.H.Loos; Florist. Rundbr., Beih. 7: 131 (2004)
= Sinapistrum Spach; Hist. Veg. Phan. 6: 343 (1838)
= Strangalis Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénees 195 (1867)
species :
Brassica assyriaca Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Liban Syrie 2: 113 (1970)
Distribution: Syria (Jazira)
34 SYR
species :
Brassica aucheri Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 88 (1842)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai)
34 IRN IRQ ISR LEB SIN
Remarks: Al-Shehbaz 2019 recommends treatment within Brassica.
Synonyms: hidden
= Enarthrocarpus tragiceras Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. 67 (1888)
= Raphanus aucheri (Boiss.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 45 (1849)
= Sinapis aucheri (Boiss.) O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54, Beibl. 119: 56 (1916)
species :
Brassica balearica Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 206 (1806)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Erucastrum balearicum Bluff, Nees & Schauer; Comp. Fl. German., ed. 2 [Bluff & Fingerhuth] 2: 101 (1838)
= Brassica oleracea var. frutescens Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 6: 359 (1838)
species :
Brassica barrelieri (L.) Janka; Term. Füz. 6: 179 (1882)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Morocco; Algeria
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: belongs in its own genus together with B. deflexa
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica barrelieri subsp. sabularia (Brot.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1007 (1941), nom. inval.
= Brassica barrelieri var. laevigata (Lag.) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 12: 181 (1965)
= Brassica barrelieri var. major (Gand.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 66 (1919)
= Brassica barrelieri var. papillaris (Boiss.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 66 (1919)
= Brassica barrelieri var. psammophila (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 58 (1888)
= Brassica bunias DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 606 (1821)
= Brassica grandiflora Balansa ex Coss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 221 (1854)
= Brassica laevigata Lag.; Varied. Ci. 2(4): 40 (1805)
= Brassica laevigata var. major Gand.; Rev. Soc. Franc. Bot. 2: 127 (1883)
= Brassica papillaris Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 10 (1838)
= Brassica parra (L.) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 1(2): 118 (1898)
= Brassica psammophila Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 363 (1875)
= Brassica sabularia Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 582 (1804) non Moris nec Gren. & Godr.
= Brassica sabularia var. laevigata (Lag.) Samp.; Ann. Sci. Acad. Polytecn. Porto 4: 47 (1909)
= Brassica sabularia var. papillaris (Boiss.) Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 36 (1839)
= Brassica sabularia var. psammophila (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 58 (1888)
= Brassica sabularia Willk. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 854 (1877)
= Diplotaxis barrelieri (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 634 (1821)
= Erucastrum oleraceum C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 93 (1826)
= Erucastrum sabularia Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 317 (1831)
= Rapistrum halleri Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 107 (1769)
= Sisymbrium barrelieri L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 2: 919 (1763)
= Sisymbrium murale var. barrelieri (L.) Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 257 (1812)
= Sisymbrium parra L.; Mant. Pl. Altera 255 (1771)
species :
Brassica beytepeensis Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg.17(2): 48 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Brassica bourgeaui (Webb ex Christ) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 20 (1891)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (+Tenerife, +La Gomera, +Hierro, La Palma)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sinapidendron bourgaei Webb ex Christ; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9: 89 (1888)
species :
Brassica cadmea Heldr. ex O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70 (Crucif.): 63 (1919)
Distribution: +Greece (+near Thivai)
13 GRC
Remarks: known only from one or two old collections
species :
Brassica cretica Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 747 (1785)
subspecies :
subsp. cretica
Distribution: Greece (near Korinth, Andikithira Isl.); Crete (widespread)
13 GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica cretica subsp. nivea (Boiss. & Spruner) M.A.Gust. & Snogerup; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 3(1-2): 8 (1983) also published by Greuter & Burdet in Willdenowia 15(1): 64 (1985)
= Brassica cretica var. nivea (Boiss. & Spruner) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 37 (1919)
= Brassica leucantha Boiss. ex Nyman; Consp. 45 (1878)
= Brassica nivea Boiss. & Spruner; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 1: 72 (1843)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. nivea (Boiss. & Spruner) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 185 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea var. cretica (Lam.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 185 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea var. nivea (Boiss. & Spruner) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 4: 96, 212 (1907)
subspecies :
subsp. aegaea (Heldr. & Halácsy) Snogerup, M.A.Gust. & Bothmer; Willdenowia 19(2): 291 (1990)
Distribution: Greece (widespread on Kiklades, Sporades, Evvoia, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kithira, Andikithira, Limnos, Athos); Crete (Dragonada Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria, Samos, Kalimnos, Nisyros, Simi, Kasos, Karpathos); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica cretica var. aegaea Heldr. & Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 216 (1895)
= Brassica cretica var. attica Onno; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 82: 315 (1933)
subspecies :
subsp. laconica M.A.Gust. & Snogerup; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 3(1-2): 8 (1983)
Distribution: Greece (SE-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
species :
Brassica deflexa Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 87 (1842)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Ghorat, Herat, Kandahar); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria; Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait; Pakistan (Baluchistan)
34 AFG IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 35 KUW SAU 40 PAK
Remarks: belongs in its own genus together with B. barrelieri
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica deflexa subsp. leptocarpa (Boiss.) Hedge; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 57: 35 (1968)
= Brassica deflexa var. aurantiaca Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. Abt. 1, 28(2): 124 (1911)
= Brassica deflexa var. glabrescens O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 65 (1919)
= Brassica deflexa var. lasiocalycina (Boiss. & Hausskn.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 64 (1919)
= Brassica deflexa var. leptocarpa (Boiss.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 64 (1919)
= Brassica deflexa var. mollis O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 64 (1919)
= Brassica deflexa var. tigridis (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 393 (1867)
= Brassica iranica Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.; Phyton (Horn) 3: 44 (1951)
= Brassica lasiocalycina (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] Suppl. 66 (1888)
= Brassica leptocarpa Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 392 (1867)
= Brassica tigridis Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 87 (1842)
= Erucastrum deflexum (Boiss.) V.I.Dorof.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(7): 184 (2000)
= Erucastrum lasiocalycinum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 389 (1867)
= Guenthera deflexa var. auranthiaca (Bornm.) V.I.Dorof.; Turczaninowia 26(4): 49 (2023)
species :
Brassica deserti Danin & Hedge; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 32: 259, f. 1 (1972)
Distribution: Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai)
34 SIN
Synonyms: hidden
= Erucastrum deserti (Danin & Hedge) V.I.Dorof.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 85(7): 184 (2000)
species :
Brassica fruticulosa Cirillo; Pl. Rar. Neapol. 2: 7 (1792)
subspecies :
subsp. fruticulosa
Name: Mediterranean cabbage (EN), Strauch-Kohl (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; E-Spain; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (California [I])
10 grb 11 ger swi 12 FRA SAR SPA 13 ITA MLT PEL SIC 50 aus 51 nzl 76 usa
Remarks: probably to be included in Erucastrum
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica parra var. psammophila T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 1(1): 118 (1895)
= Erucastrum fruticulosum (Cirillo) Calest.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 385 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. cossoniana (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 287 (1932)
Distribution: SE-Spain; Morocco; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica christobalis Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 184 (1931), nomen
= Brassica cossoniana Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 1: 31 (1854)
= Brassica cossoniana var. subacaulis Maire; Cavanillesia 4: 7 (1931)
= Brassica fruticulosa f. christobalis (Maire & Sennen) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 12: 174 (1965)
= Brassica fruticulosa f. platycarpa (Maire & Sennen) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 12: 174 (1965)
= Brassica fruticulosa subsp. mauritanica (Coss.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 288 (1932)
= Brassica fruticulosa subvar. christobalis Maire & Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 166 (1932)
= Brassica fruticulosa subvar. platycarpa Maire & Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 166 (1932)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. cossoniana (Boiss. & Reut.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 191 (1887)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. hispida Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 166 (1932)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. leucantha Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 191 (1885)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. mauritanica Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 190 (1887)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. rubecula Costa; Introd. Fl. Cataluña, Ampl. 1: 16 (1873)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. subacaulis Maire; Cavanillesia 4: 7 (1931)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. tenuisiliqua Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 166 (1932)
= Diplotaxis heterophylla Porta & Rigo; Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto, Ser. 2, 9: 7 (1891 publ. 1892)
subspecies :
subsp. numidica (Coss.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 12: 175 (1965)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica fruticulosa var. numidica Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 190 (1887)
subspecies :
subsp. pomeliana Maire ex Greuter; Willdenowia 15(1): 64 (1985)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
subspecies :
subsp. radicata (Desf.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] 1: 59 (1888)
Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria; Mauritania
20 ALG 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica fruticulosa subsp. glaberrima (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] 1: 59 (1888)
= Brassica fruticulosa var. radicata (Desf.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 191 (1885)
= Brassica glaberrima Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 364 (1875)
= Sinapis radicata Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 98 (1798)
species :
Brassica hilarionis Post; Mém. Herb. Boissier no. 18: 90 (1900)
Distribution: Cyprus (N-Cyprus)
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica cretica subsp. hilarionis (Post) H.Lindb.; Iter Cypr. 17 (1946)
= Brassica cretica var. hilarionis (Post) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 37 (1919)
species :
Brassica huseyinduralii Basköse & Savran; Phytotaxa 632(2): 103 (2023)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Brassica incana Ten.; Fl. Napol. 39 (1811)
subspecies :
subsp. incana
Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Croatia (Dalmatia, Adriatic islands); Albania; NW-Greece (Kerkyra, Paxos)
13 ALB CRO GRC ITA SIC
Remarks: rupestris agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica botterii Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 3: 135 (1850)
= Brassica cazzae Ginzb. & Teyber; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 19: 238 (1921)
= Brassica mollis Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 3: 359 (1852)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. incana (Ten.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 184 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea var. incana (Ten.) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 1: 446 (1898)
= Brassica oleracea var. pilosa Caruel; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 9: 979 (1893)
= Erucaria persica W.Baxter; Hort. Brit. [Loudon], Suppl. 2: 633 (1839)
= Hirschfeldia inflexa C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 97 (1826)
= Hirschfeldia integrifolia C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 97 (1826)
= Sinapis inflexa (C.Presl) Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 186, D. Dietr. Syn. Pl. 3: 725 (1842)
= Sinapis integrifolia (C.Presl) Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 187 (1842)
= Sinapis panormitana Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2): 244 (1827)
subspecies :
subsp. hirta Raimondo & Spadaro; Fl. Medit. 30: 247, fig. 1 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
subspecies :
subsp. raimondoi (Sciandr., C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso, Miniss. & Salmeri) Raimondo & Spadaro; Fl. Medit. 30: 248 (2020)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica raimondoi Sciandr., C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso, Miniss. & Salmeri; Pl. Biosystems 147(3): 813 (2013)
species :
Brassica insularis Moris; Fl. Sardoa 1: 168 (1837)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; Algeria; Tunisia
12 COR SAR 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica amblyphylla Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 46 (1903)
= Brassica atlantica (Coss.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 36 (1919)
= Brassica atlantica Coss. & Durieu ex Munby; Cat. Pl. Algeria 2 (1859)
= Brassica calcarea Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 47 (1903)
= Brassica conferta Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 47 (1903)
= Brassica corsica Jord.; Esp. Veg. Affin. 7 (1873)
= Brassica cretica subsp. atlantica (Coss.) Onno; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 82: 315 (1933)
= Brassica erigens Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 45 (1903)
= Brassica flexicaulis Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 48 (1903)
= Brassica hololeuca Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 45 (1903)
= Brassica insularis var. angustiloba (Briq.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 35 (1919)
= Brassica insularis var. aquellae Widler & Boquet; Candollea 34: 146 (1979)
= Brassica insularis var. atlantica (Coss.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 57 (1888)
= Brassica insularis var. atlantica Batt.
= Brassica insularis var. conferta (Jord.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 35 (1919)
= Brassica insularis var. latiloba (Briq.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 35 (1919)
= Brassica luteola Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 48 (1903)
= Brassica oleracea f. atlantica (Coss.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 54 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. insularis (Moris) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 54 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. angustiloba Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(1): 72 (1913)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. atlantica Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 185 (1887)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. insularis (Moris) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 185 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. latiloba Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(1): 72 (1913)
= Brassica oleracea var. atlantica (Coss.) Bonnet & Barratte; Cat. Pl. Cell Tunisie 22 (1896)
= Brassica oleracea var. corsica Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(1): 73 (1913)
= Brassica praeruptorum Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 46 (1903)
= Brassica recurva Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 46 (1903)
= Brassica revelieri Jord.; Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 48 (1903)
species :
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.; Consp. Pl. Charc. 8 (1859)
Name: Sarepta-Senf, Ruten-Kohl (DE), Brown Mustard, Chinese Mustard (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Spain [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Romania [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [I]; European Russia; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Egypt [I]; Azores [I] (Faial [I]); Guinea [I]; Cameroon [I]; São Tomé [I]; Gabon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Angola [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Buryatia [I], Chita [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], Tuva [I], W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Khabarovsk [I], Kuril Isl. [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey [I]; Iran [I]; Afghanistan [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; Kuwait [I]; Oman [I]; Yemen [I]; China [I]; Mongolia; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Maldives [I]; Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Borneo [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Moluccas [I]; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Atiu [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Bora Bora [I]); Gambier Isl. [I] (Mangareva [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Hawaii [I] (Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Bermuda [I]; Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; +Clipperton Isl. [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], Virgin Gorda [I]); St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Nevis [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Marie-Galante [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; French Guiana? [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]
10 grb ire 11 ger hun net slo 12 cis spa 13 bul rom 14 blr est lat lit RUS 20 alg egy lby tun 21 azo 22 gui 23 caf cmn con gab sao 26 ang moz zim 27 bot saf 29 mau mdg reu 30 sib 31 rfe 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 afg irn tur 35 kuw oma sau yem 36 chi 37 MON 38 jap kor nns tai 40 ban bhu ind mdv nep pak srl 41 cbd mya tha vie 42 bor cki jaw mly mol nwg phi sul 50 aus nfk 51 ctm nzl 60 fij nue nwc van 61 coo gbi sci 62 gum mic 63 haw 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cli cos els gua hon nic pan 81 aba bah bbd ber cub dom gdl gre his jam mar pue sab sba ste stk stl stm stv trt vir 82 clm 83 bol per 84 bra 85 arg par
Remarks: an allotetraploid stabilized hybrid derived from B. nigra x B. rapa, often formed spontaneously
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica argyi H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 227 (1907)
= Brassica arvensis var. juncea (L.) Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 164 (1887)
= Brassica besseriana Andrz. ex Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 33(1): 134 (1860)
= Brassica cernua (Thunb.) F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 47 (1886)
= Brassica cernua var. chirimenna Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 906 (1912)
= Brassica chenopodiifolia Sennen & Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 15: 95 (1916), pro syn.
= Brassica chinensis f. japonica (Thunb.) M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 143 (1971)
= Brassica integrifolia (H.West) O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 509 (1903), et Engl., Pfl. reich IV-105(70): 56 (1919)
= Brassica integrifolia (H.West) Rupr.; Fl. Ingr. [Ruprecht] 96 (1860), in textu
= Brassica integrifolia var. timoriana (DC.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 58 (1919)
= Brassica japonica (Thunb.) Siebold ex Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 74 (1865)
= Brassica juncea (L.) Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 609 (1859)
= Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. ex Palib.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 14: 109 (1895)
= Brassica juncea proles integrifolia (H.West) Thell.; 159 (1908)
= Brassica juncea subsp. integrifolia (H.West) Thell.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 50(2): 157 (1908), nom. inval.
= Brassica juncea subsp. napiformis (Paillieux & Bois) Gladis; Feddes Repert. 103: 474 (1992)
= Brassica juncea subsp. rugosa (Roxb.) Prain; Agr. Ledger 5: 47 (1898)
= Brassica juncea subsp. tsatsai (Z.M.Mao) Gladis; Feddes Repert. 103(7-8): 474 (1992)
= Brassica juncea subsp. urbaniana (O.E.Schulz) Thell.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 50(2): 158 (1908)
= Brassica juncea subproles aspera Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 47 (1898)
= Brassica juncea subproles elata Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 47 (1898)
= Brassica juncea subproles laevis Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 47 (1898)
= Brassica juncea var. aspera (Prain) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 56 (1919)
= Brassica juncea var. brachycarpa Thell.; 157 (1908)
= Brassica juncea var. chinensis (L.) N.Busch; Fl. Sibir. Orient. Extremi 1: 166 (1913)
= Brassica juncea var. crispifolia L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 91 (1922)
= Brassica juncea var. cuneifolia (Roxb.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 62 (1955)
= Brassica juncea var. elata (Prain) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 56 (1919)
= Brassica juncea var. foliosa L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 2: 263 (1930)
= Brassica juncea var. gracilis Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hortus Sinicus 2: 26 (1942)
= Brassica juncea var. integrifolia (H.West) Sinskaya; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19: 339 (1928)
= Brassica juncea var. japonica (Thunb.) L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 93 (1922)
= Brassica juncea var. laevis (Prain) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 56 (1919)
= Brassica juncea var. longidens L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 2: 263 (1930)
= Brassica juncea var. megarrhiza Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hortus Sinicus 2: 21 (1942)
= Brassica juncea var. multiceps Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hortus Sinicus 2: 20 (1942)
= Brassica juncea var. multisecta L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 93 (1922)
= Brassica juncea var. napiformis (Pailleux & Bois) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 19: 76 (1950)
= Brassica juncea var. oleifera Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 47 (1898)
= Brassica juncea var. rugosa (Roxb.) Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 19 (1942)
= Brassica juncea var. tsatsai Z.I.Mao; Hortus Sinicus 2: 690 (1936)
= Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 23 (1942)
= Brassica lanceolata (DC.) Lange; Oeder, Fl. Dan., t. 2658 (1861)
= Brassica napiformis (Pailleux & Bois) L.H.Bailey; Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 67: 189 (1894)
= Brassica napiformis var. multisecta A.I.Baranov; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 63: 286 (1960)
= Brassica nigra var. japonica (Thunb.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 79 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea var. taquetii H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 259 (1910)
= Brassica richeri Lange; Oeder, Fl. Dan., t. 2658 (1861)
= Brassica rugosa (Roxb.) Bailey; Bull. Cornell Agr. Exp. Stat. 67: 191 (1894)
= Brassica rugosa (Roxb.) Prain; Bengal Pl. 220 (1903)
= Brassica rugosa var. cuneifolia (Roxb.) Prain; Agr. Ledger 5: 14, t. 2 (1898)
= Brassica taquetii (H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 349 (1911)
= Brassica urbaniana O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 3: 511 (1903)
= Brassica willdenovii Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 88 (1842)
= Crucifera juncea (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 133 (1902)
= Raphanus junceus (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 110 (1769)
= Rhamphospermum volgense Andrz. ex Rupr.; Fl. Ingr. [Ruprecht] 97 (1860)
= Sinabraca juncea (L.) G.H.Loos; Florist. Rundbr., Beih. 7: 131 (2004)
= Sinapis brassicata L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 12: 231 (1767)
= Sinapis campestris Jacq. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 590 (1841)
= Sinapis cernua Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 342 (1797)
= Sinapis cernua Thunb.; Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 602 (1784)
= Sinapis chinensis L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 95 (1767)
= Sinapis chinensis var. integrifolia Stokes; B. Mat. Medik. 3: 481 (1812)
= Sinapis cuneifolia Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal. 48 (1814), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 121 (1832)
= Sinapis integrifolia H.West; Bidr. Beskr. St. Croix 296 (1793)
= Sinapis integrifolia var. chevalieri Portères; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 15: 1120 (1935)
= Sinapis japonica Thunb.; Syst. Veg., ed. 14 [J.A.Murray] 602 (1784)
= Sinapis juncea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 668 (1753)
= Sinapis juncea var. napiformis Pailleux & Bois; Potag. Cur., ed. 2: 372 (1892)
= Sinapis lanceolata DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 611 (1821)
= Sinapis oleracea C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 18 (1822)
= Sinapis patens Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 48 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 124 (1832)
= Sinapis ramosa Roxb. ex Fleming; As. Res. 11: 179 (1810)
= Sinapis rugosa Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal. 48 (1814), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 122 (1832)
= Sinapis sinensis (L.) J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 989 (1792)
= Sinapis tenella Moench; Methodus [Moench] 253 (1794)
= Sinapis timoriana DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 616 (1821)
species :
Brassica macrocarpa Guss.; Index Sem. (Boccadifalco) 1824/5: 3 (1825)
Distribution: Sicily (Isole Egadi)
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica macrocarpa f. glabra Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 118 (1906)
= Brassica macrocarpa f. villosoincana Lojac.; Malpighia 20: 118 (1906)
= Brassica macrocarpa var. villosissima Damanti ex O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 27 (1919)
= Eruca macrocapa (Guss.) Caruel; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 240 (1891)
species :
Brassica maurorum Durieu; Duchass. Rev. Bot. 2: 433 (1847)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Remarks: probably to be included in Erucastrum
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplotaxis maurorum (Durieu) M.B.Crespo & M.Fabregat; Colecc. Hist. Rigual 89 (2002)
species :
Brassica montana Pourr.; Hist. & Mem. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 308 (1788)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Italy; San Marino
12 BAL FRA SPA 13 ITA SMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica allionii Moretti; Index Sem. (Pavia) 1829: [1] (1829), non (Jacq.) Boiss.
= Brassica balearica Loisel.; Fl. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 69 (1828)
= Brassica montana f. ligustica Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 74 (1892)
= Brassica montana var. apenninica (Cavara) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 34 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. pourretii Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 53 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. robertiana (J.Gay) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 53 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. ligustica Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 1: 74 (1892)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. robertiana (J.Gay) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 183 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea var. leronensis (Burnat) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 53 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea var. ligustica (Burnat) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 53 (1895)
= Brassica oleracea var. pourretii (Rouy & Foucaud) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 2: 44 (1990)
= Brassica pourretii (Rouy & Foucaud) Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica robertiana J.Gay; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 7: 416 (1826)
= Brassica robertiana var. apenninica Cavara; Malpighia 4: 124 (1890)
= Brassica robertiana var. leronensis (Burnat) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: (1895)
= Brassica robertiana var. leronensis Burnat; Fl. Alpes Marit. 1: ? (1892)
species :
Brassica napus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 666 (1753)
Name: Raps (DE), Rape (EN), Nabo (ES)
Distribution: Origin in cultivation; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Andorra [I]; Gibraltar [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Italy [I]; Isole Pelagie [I] (Lampedusa [I]); Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; North Macedonia [I]; Albania [I]; Greece [I]; European Russia [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria[I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Mozambique [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Siberia [I]; Russian Far East [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Armenia [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; Turkey [I]; Iran [I]; Afghanistan [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; Qatar [I]; Yemen [I]; China [I]; South Korea [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Norfolk Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Austral Isl. [I]; Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 grb ire 11 cze hun slo 12 ado cis gib por spa 13 alb cro grc ita nma pel slv 14 rus 20 alg lby mor tun 21 mdr 26 moz 29 mau reu 30 sib 31 rfe 32 uzb 33 arm aze geo ncs 34 afg irn tur 35 qat sau yem 36 chi 38 kor 40 ban ind nep pak 41 mya 42 jaw 50 aus nfk 51 ctm nzl 61 aui 62 mrs 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos gua 81 cub his pue 83 bol ecu 85 arg cle jnf
Remarks: derived from B. oleracea x B. rapa. There are numerous different classifications of the cultivars and interpretations of their relationship to the wild taxa
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris f. glauca (Roxb.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris f. luteoalba Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 10 (1932)
= Brassica campestris f. quadrivalvis (Hook.f. & Thomson) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris f. simplex Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris f. spontanea Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 20 (1932)
= Brassica campestris subsp. annua Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 437 (1834)
= Brassica campestris subsp. biennis Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 437 (1834)
= Brassica campestris subsp. napus (L.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 156 (1872)
= Brassica campestris subvar. alba DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris subvar. ulti Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris var. akana Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 902 (1912)
= Brassica campestris var. biennis (Schübl. & G.Martens) Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 2: 106 (1838)
= Brassica campestris var. bullatopetsai Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 9 (1932)
= Brassica campestris var. communis DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris var. dentatopetsai Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 10 (1932)
= Brassica campestris var. dichotoma Duthie & Fuller; Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 29 (1882)
= Brassica campestris var. glauca (Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller; Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 28 (1882)
= Brassica campestris var. napus (L.) Bab.; Man. Brit. Bot., ed. 8: 31 (1881)
= Brassica campestris var. nippo-oleifera Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 10 (1932)
= Brassica campestris var. oleifera (K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 22, 45 (1898), nom. superfl.
= Brassica campestris var. quadrivalvis (Hook.f. & Thomson) Duthie & Fuller; Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 29 (1882)
= Brassica campestris var. toria Duthie & Fuller; Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 29 (1882)
= Brassica gongylodes Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 8 (1768)
= Brassica harmsiana O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 52 (1919)
= Brassica macrorhiza Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 682 (1821 publ. 1822), nom. superfl.
= Brassica macrorhiza var. sativa Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 682 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brassica napus convar. oleifera (DC.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 244 (1866)
= Brassica napus convar. sibirica (Scheb.) Bondartseva & Pivov.; Kul´t. Fl. S.S.S.R. 18: 40 (1985)
= Brassica napus f. annua (Schübl. & G.Martens) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 254 (1918)
= Brassica napus f. biennis (Schübl. & G.Martens) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 254 (1918)
= Brassica napus f. corymbosa Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 254 (1918)
= Brassica napus f. dissecta Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 492 (1838)
= Brassica napus f. dolichocarpa O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 42 (1919)
= Brassica napus f. hyemalis (Döll) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 625 (1912)
= Brassica napus f. micrantha O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 43 (1919)
= Brassica napus f. rossica (Jess.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 255 (1918)
= Brassica napus f. rubescens Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 492 (1838)
= Brassica napus subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 40 (1833)
= Brassica napus stirps esculenta DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 592 (1821)
= Brassica napus stirps oleifera DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 592 (1821)
= Brassica napus subf. dissecta (Peterm.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 255 (1918)
= Brassica napus subf. vulgaris (Schübl. & G.Martens) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 255 (1918)
= Brassica napus var. aestiva Endl.; Fl. Poson. 395 (1830)
= Brassica napus var. alba DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 593 (1821)
= Brassica napus var. annua K.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1: 55 (1835)
= Brassica napus var. annua Metzg.; 10 (1833)
= Brassica napus var. arabica O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 43 (1919)
= Brassica napus var. arvensis (Duchesne) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 254 (1918)
= Brassica napus var. biennis (Schübl. & G.Martens) Rchb.; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 437 (1834)
= Brassica napus var. brevirostris Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 15: 176 (1878)
= Brassica napus var. edulis Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): 19 (1813)
= Brassica napus var. flava DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 593 (1821)
= Brassica napus var. glauca (Roxb.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 43 (1919)
= Brassica napus var. hiemalis Döll; Rhein. Fl. 588 (1843)
= Brassica napus var. italica Alef.; Landw. Fl. 245 (1866)
= Brassica napus var. leptorhiza Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 6: 367 (1838)
= Brassica napus var. nigricans DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 593 (1821)
= Brassica napus var. oleifera Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): 19 (1813), nom. inval.
= Brassica napus var. quadrivalvis (Hook.f. & Thomson) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 42 (1919)
= Brassica napus var. rossica Alef.; Landw. Fl. 245 (1866)
= Brassica napus var. rutila Alef.; Landw. Fl. 245 (1866)
= Brassica napus var. sahariensis A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. 12: 829 (1932)
= Brassica napus var. sarcorhiza Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 6: 367 (1838)
= Brassica napus var. schebalinae Bondartseva & Pivov.; Kul´t. Fl. S.S.S.R. 18: 40 (1985)
= Brassica napus var. syntomocarpa O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 43 (1919)
= Brassica napus var. trimestris Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 201 (1824)
= Brassica napus var. ulti (Prain) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 42 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea f. praecox Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 909 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Brassica oleracea proles arvensis Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 742 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea var. hongnoensis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 350 (1912)
= Brassica oleracea var. pseudocolza H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 25 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea var. suecica Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 684 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brassica polymorpha subsp. napus (L.) Syme; 133 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Brassica praecox Kit. ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 2: 621 (1815)
= Brassica praecox Waldst. & Kit. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 593 (1821)
= Brassica rapa race napus (L.) H.Lév.; 25 (1910)
= Brassica rapa subsp. napus (L.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(1): 74 (1913)
= Brassica rapa subsp. napus (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens
= Brassica sativa subsp. napus (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 21 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Brassica sativa subsp. napus (L.) Clavaud; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 35: 292 (1881)
= Brassica stricta Nestl. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 593 (1821)
= Brassica sylvestris subsp. taurica Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 6: 298 (1970)
= Brassica taurica (Tzvelev) Tzvelev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(2): 240 (1983)
= Brassica-napus sylvestris A.Vilm.; Bon Jard. 1837: 348 (1837)
= Crucifera napus (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 6: 136 (1902)
= Napus oleifera K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 940 (1829)
= Rapa napus (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
= Raphanus napus (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 113 (1769)
= Sinapis napus (L.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 586 (1804)
variant :
var. pabularia (DC.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 28(1): 106 (1993) [convar.]
Name: Primitive leaf rape (EN), Rübstiel, Stielmus (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris stirps pabularia DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica napus subsp. pabularia (DC.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 8: 235 (1959)
= Brassica napus var. pabularia (DC.) Rchb.; Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 3, 2: 1220 (1833)
variant :
var. rapifera Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 52 (1833)
Name: Steckrübe, Kohlrübe (DE)
Distribution: cult.; Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; China [I]; Pakistan [I]
11 ger hun slo 36 chi 40 pak
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris stirps napobrassica (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris subvar. purpurascens DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris f. napobrassica (L.) C.W.Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J.A.Christiansen et al.] 126 (1922)
= Brassica campestris f. rutabaga DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris subsp. napobrassica (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 437 (1834)
= Brassica campestris subsp. rapifera (Metzg.) Murr; Neue Übers. Farn- & Blütenpfl. Vorarlberg 127 (1923)
= Brassica campestris subsp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinskaya; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19: 103 (1928)
= Brassica campestris var. napobrassica (L.) Bluff & Fingerh.; 150 (1825)
= Brassica campestris var. napobrassica (L.) Prain; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris var. rutabaga DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica napobrassica (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Brassica napobrassica DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 25 (1910)
= Brassica napobrassica Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 658 (1839)
= Brassica napobrassica Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Brassica napus convar. rapifera (Metzg.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 245 (1866)
= Brassica napus subvar. communis (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 255 (1918)
= Brassica napus subvar. rutabaga (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 255 (1918)
= Brassica napus f. purpurascens (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 256 (1918)
= Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica (L.) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98(11-12): 554 (1987)
= Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica (L.) Jafri; Fl. W. Pakistan 55: 24 (1973)
= Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica (L.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges., n. s. 1(1): 102 (1949)
= Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica (L.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern [Vollmann] 306 (1914)
= Brassica napus subsp. rapifera Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 46 (1833)
= Brassica napus var. esculenta DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 592 (1821)
= Brassica napus var. napobrassica (L.) Döll; Rhein. Fl. 588 (1843)
= Brassica napus var. napobrassica (L.) Rchb.; Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 3, 2: 1220 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea proles napobrassica (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea var. napobrassica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
= Brassica rapa convar. rapifera (Metzg.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 247 (1866)
= Brassica rapa f. rapifera (Metzg.) C.W.Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J.A.Christiansen et al.] 125 (1922)
= Brassica rapa subsp. rapifera Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 52 (1833)
= Brassica rapa var. napobrassica (L.) H.Lév.; 25 (1910)
= Brassica rapa var. rapifera (Metzg.) W.D.J.Koch; 59 (1843)
= Brassica rapa var. rutabaga (DC.) H.Lév.; 25 (1910)
= Brassica rutabaga (DC.) A.Vilm.; Bon Jard. 1837: 345 (1837)
species :
Brassica nivalis Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 1: 32 (1854)
subspecies :
subsp. nivalis
Distribution: N-Greece (Mt. Olimbos)
13 GRC
Remarks: retained in Brassica by Al-Shehbaz 2019
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassicella nivalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54: Beibl. 119, 53 (1916)
= Coincya nivalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 13(1): 87 (1983)
= Guenthera nivalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Gómez-Campo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 305 (2002)
= Hutera nivalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Gómez-Campo; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 34(1): 148 (1977)
= Rhynchosinapis nivalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 196 (1963)
subspecies :
subsp. jordanoffii (O.E.Schulz) Akeroyd & Leadlay; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 106(2): 102 (1991)
Distribution: Bulgaria (Pirin Planina)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Guenthera nivalis subsp. jordanoffii (O.E.Schulz) Gómez-Campo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 305 (2002)
= Brassica jordanoffii O.E.Schulz; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 111 (1927)
species :
Brassica oleracea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
Name: Atlantischer Wildkohl (DE); Cabbage (EN)
Distribution: England (SW-England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Netherlands [I]; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen [I], Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; N-Spain; W-France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Italy [I]; San Marino [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Bulgaria [I]; Greece [I]; European Russia [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Madeira [I]; Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I], Tenerife [I], La Gomera [I], Hierro [I], La Palma [I]); Burkina Faso [c]; Benin [c]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Chad [I]; Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Armenia [I]; Azerbaijan [I]; East Aegaean Isl. [I] (Rhodos [I]); Turkey [I]; Iran [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; Yemen [I]; China (throughout [I]); South Korea [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Nepal [c]; Bhutan [I]; India [c]; Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [c]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I]); Austral Isl. [I]; Easter Isl. [I]; Palau [I]; Guam [I]; Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); Wake Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Illinois [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Texas [I], Vermont [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; Saba [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 GRB ire 11 GER hun net slo 12 cis FRA SPA 13 bih bul grc ita sma 14 rus 20 alg lby mor tun 21 cny mdr 22 ben bkn 23 bio cmn 24 cha 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 arm aze ncs 34 eai irn tur 35 sau yem 36 CHI 38 kor nns tai 40 ban bhu ind nep pak srl 41 cbd mya tha vie 42 jaw phi 50 aus 51 auc ctm nzl 60 fij nue nwc 61 aui coo eas lin 62 gum mrs plu wak 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 gua hon nic pan 81 bbd cay gdl his mar pue sab sba vir 82 clm 83 bol ecu per 85 arg cle jnf
Remarks: the listed synonyms belong mostly to garden varieties. Many names of cultivars and varieties are not listed.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris subsp. sylvestris (DC.) Janch.
= Brassica cauliflora Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd., t. 179 (1764), opus utique rej.
= Brassica cephala DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica fimbriata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 223 (1840)
= Brassica laciniata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 116, 117 (1821)
= Brassica maritima DC. ex Tardent; Essai Hist. Nat. Bessarabie 79 (1841), nomen
= Brassica muscovita Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 117 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea stirps sylvestris DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. sylvestris L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 932 (1763), nom. illeg.
= Brassica peregrina Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 117 (1821)
= Brassica pourrettii Foucaud & Rouy ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica quercifolia DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica rubra Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 224 (1840)
= Brassica suttoniana H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica sylvestris (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 4 (1768)
= Crucifera brassica E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 6: 135 (1902), nom. superfl.
= Napus oleracea (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 939 (1829)
= Rapa rotunda Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 1 (1768)
= Raphanus brassica Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 63 (1769), nom. superfl.
= Raphanus brassica-officinalis Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 112 (1769)
variant :
var. acephala (DC.) Schltdl.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 385 (1823)
Name: Zierkohl (DE), Kahle (EN)
Distribution: cult.; China [I]; New Zealand [I]
36 chi 51 nzl
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica oleracea convar. acephala (DC.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 234 (1866)
= Brassica oleracea f. acephala (DC.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea f. exaltata (Rchb.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 246 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. quercifolia (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 246 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. selenisia (L.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 31 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea proles viridis (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 743 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. acephala (DC.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 14 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea stirps acephala DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. acephala (DC.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. quercifolia DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 584 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. selenisia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
variant :
var. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 19 (1891)
Name: Chinese Broccoli (EN)
Distribution: cult.; China [I] (Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I]); Taiwan [I]
36 chi 38 tai
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica alboglabra L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 79 (1922)
= Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra (L.H.Bailey) Musil; Misc. Publ. U.S.D.A. 643: 12 (1948)
variant :
var. botrytis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
Name: Blumenkohl (DE), Cauliflower (EN)
Distribution: cult. [I]; Hungary [I]; China [I]
11 hun 36 chi
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica botrytis (L.) Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
= Brassica botrytis DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica botrytis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)
= Brassica cretica convar. botrytis (L.) G.H.Loos; Florist. Rundbr., Beih. 7: 124 (2004)
= Brassica cretica subsp. botrytis (L.) O.Schwarz; 102 (1949)
= Brassica cretica var. cymosa (Lam.) O.Schwarz; 102 (1949)
= Brassica millecapitata H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea convar. botrytis (L.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 241 (1866)
= Brassica oleracea f. botrytis (DC.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea f. flava (Peterm.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 249 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. rosea Schwer.; Harms, 150 (1922)
= Brassica oleracea f. violascens Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 249 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea proles botrytis (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 744 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. botrytis (L.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 35 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea stirps botrytis (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 586 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. botrytis (L.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. cauliflora (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 249 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. cymosa Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. laciniata (L.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 31 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. laciniata (L.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 246 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. millecapitata H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. purpurascens DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 584 (1821), nomen
= Brassica oleracea subvar. quercifolia (DC.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. viridis DC.; 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. asparagodes Merrem; 298 (1809)
= Brassica oleracea var. asparagoides DC.; 587 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Brassica oleracea var. cauliflora DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 586 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. laciniata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
= Brassica oleracea var. selenesiaca Merrem; 298, var. orthogr. (1809)
= Brassica oleracea var. selenicea L.; 667 (1753)
= Brassica rupicola Boul.; Fl. Lib.-Syr. 27 (1930), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. capitata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
Name: Weißkohl, Rotkohl, Spitzkohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.; Hungary [I]; China [I]
11 hun 36 chi
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica capitata DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea convar. capitata (L.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 238 (1866)
= Brassica oleracea f. alba (Lam.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. capitata (L.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea f. rubra (L.) Á.Löve; 151 (1945)
= Brassica oleracea f. rubra Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 489 (1838)
= Brassica oleracea proles capitata (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 743 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 435 (1834)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata-bullata Metzg.; 9 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. capitata-laevis Metzg.; 9 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea stirps capitata (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 585 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. alba DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 586 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Brassica oleracea subvar. alba Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 743 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. rubra (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 744 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. rubra DC.; 586 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. rubra-minor Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 744 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. sphaerica (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. sphaerica G.Martens; G. M. von Martens & C. A. Kemmler, Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 2: 35 (1865)
= Brassica oleracea var. capitata-bullata Wirtg.; 14 (1841)
= Brassica oleracea var. capitata-laevis Wirtg.; 14 (1841)
= Brassica oleracea var. capitata-rubra Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 259 (1879)
= Brassica oleracea var. conica (Lam.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea var. elliptica DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 586 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. rubra L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
= Brassica oleracea var. sphaerica DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 585 (1821)
variant :
var. costata DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 584 (1821)
Name: Rippenkohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica oleracea convar. costata (DC.) Gladis ex Diederichsen; Mansfeld´s Encycl. 3: 1444 (2001)
variant :
var. gemmifera (DC.) Zenker; Fl. Thüringen 15: 2 (1836)
Name: Rosenkohl (DE), Brussels Sprouts (EN)
Distribution: cult.; Hungary [I]; China [I]
11 hun 36 chi
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica gemmifera (DC.) H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea f. gemmifera (DC.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. gemmifera (DC.) Schwarz
= Brassica oleracea subsp. gemmifera (DC.) Wender.; 229 (1846)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. gemmifera (DC.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea var. bullata subvar.gemmifera DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 585 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. polycephala Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
variant :
var. gongylodes L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
Name: Kohlrabi (DE); Colinabo (Cuba), Colinabo (Dominican Republic)
Distribution: cult.; Hungary [I]; China [I]; Honduras [I]; Cuba [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]
11 hun 36 chi 80 hon 81 cub his pue
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica caulorapa (DC.) Pasq.; Cat. Ort. Bot. Napoli 17 (1867)
= Brassica oleracea convar. caulorapa (DC.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 240 (1866)
= Brassica oleracea f. alboviridis Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 248 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. caulorapa (DC.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea proles gongylodes (L.) Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. caulorapa (DC.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 33 (1833)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. gongylodes (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 436 (1834)
= Brassica oleracea stirps caulorapa DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. caulorapa (DC.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. violacea Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785)
= Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa (DC.) Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 358 (1823)
= Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica rupestris subsp. gongylodes (L.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 8: 235 (1959)
= Brassica rupestris var. gongylodes (L.) Janch.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 246 (1942)
variant :
var. italica Plenck; Icon. Pl. Medik. 6. 29 (1794)
Name: Broccoli, Spargelkohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.; Hungary [I]; China [I]
11 hun 36 chi
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica cretica convar. italica (Plenck) G.H.Loos; Florist. Rundbr., Beih. 7: 125 (2004)
variant :
var. kashmiriana Naqshi & Javeid; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 9(1): 91 (1987)
Distribution: cult.
variant :
var. medullosa Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 248 (1918)
Name: Markstammkohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.
variant :
var. sabauda L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
Name: Wirsing, Savoyer Kohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica bullata DC. ex H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 24 (1910)
= Brassica bullata Pasq.; Cat. Ort. Bot. Napoli 17 (1867)
= Brassica oleracea convar. bullata (DC.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 237 (1866)
= Brassica oleracea stirps bullata DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 584 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea f. bullata (DC.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica oleracea subsp. bullata (DC.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 22 (1833), nom. inval., Metzg. used a misplaced rank. Protol
= Brassica oleracea subsp. sabauda (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 435 (1834)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. bullata (DC.) H.Lév.; 24 (1910)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. oblonga (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. sabauda (L.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 31 (1919)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. vulgaris (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 247 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea var. bullata (Pasq.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. oblonga DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 585 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea var. vulgaris DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 584 (1821), nom. superfl.
variant :
var. sabellica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
Name: Grünkohl, Krauskohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica sabellica (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 206 (1806)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. sabellica (L.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 30 (1919)
variant :
var. viridis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 667 (1753)
Name: Blattkohl, Staudenkohl (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica oleracea subvar. viridis (L.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 583 (1821)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. viridis Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785), nom. illeg.
= Brassica oleracea f. viridis (L.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 246 (1918)
= Brassica oleracea f. viridis Duchesne; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 745 (1785), nom. illeg.
species :
Brassica procumbens (Poir.) O.E.Schulz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 54, Beibl. 119: 55 (1916)
Distribution: Italy [I] (Arcipelago Toscano [I], Giglio [I]); Algeria; Tunisia
13 ita 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Erucastrum procumbens (Poir.) Calest.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 385 (1908)
= Sinapis choulettiana Coss. & Durieu ex Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 9: 295 (1862)
= Sinapis procumbens Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 12 (1816)
species :
Brassica rapa L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 666 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. rapa
Name: Wasser-Rübe, Weiß-Rübe, Speiserübe, Herbstrübe (DE), Turnip (EN)
Distribution: originated in cultivation; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [c]; North Macedonia [I]; Kyrgyzstan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I]; South Korea [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I]; Myanmar [I]; Java [I]
10 grb ire 11 ger hun slo 12 cis fra 13 bih cro nma slv 32 kgz tkm tzk uzb 36 chi 38 kor nns tai 40 bhu ind pak 41 mya 42 jaw
Synonyms: hidden
= Barbarea derchiensis S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan 5: 594 (1995)
= Brassica campestris f. oblonga (Mill.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris proles rapa (L.) Samp.; nom. illeg.
= Brassica campestris subsp. rapa (L.) Hook.f.; 29 (1870)
= Brassica campestris subvar. depressa (DC.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 51 (1919)
= Brassica campestris subvar. oblonga (Mill.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 51 (1919)
= Brassica campestris var. rapa (L.) Bab.; 24 (1843)
= Brassica campestris var. rapa (L.) C.Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 6: 110 (1854)
= Brassica lutea Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 62 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Brassica oleronensis A.Sav. ex Foucaud; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 26: 74 (1879)
= Brassica polymorpha subsp. rapa (L.) Syme; 135 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Brassica polymorpha Syme; J. E. Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 1: 133 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Brassica rapa convar. mesopotamica (Shebalina) Gladis & K.Hammer; Genet. Resources Crop Evol. 61(8): 1459 (2014)
= Brassica rapa f. depressa (DC.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 45 (1898)
= Brassica rapa f. depressa (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa f. oblonga (Mill.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa f. teltowiensis (Alef.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 261 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subsp. communis Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 438 (1834), nom. inval.
= Brassica rapa subsp. napus Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 438 (1834)
= Brassica rapa stirps depressa DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 590 (1821)
= Brassica rapa stirps oblonga (Mill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 591 (1821)
= Brassica rapa subf. albida Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subf. depressa M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 136 (1971), without type.
= Brassica rapa subf. flavescens (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subf. nigrescens Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subf. oblonga M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 138 (1971), without type.
= Brassica rapa subf. punicea (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subf. viridis (DC.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subvar. communis (Schübl. & G.Martens) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 262 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subvar. flavescens DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 591 (1821)
= Brassica rapa subvar. oleronensis (A.Sav.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 261 (1918)
= Brassica rapa subvar. punicea DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 591 (1821)
= Brassica rapa subvar. pygmaea (Alef.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 261 (1918)
= Brassica rapa var. depressa (DC.) Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 2: 294 (1831)
= Brassica rapa var. depressa (DC.) Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 358 (1823)
= Brassica rapa var. esculenta W.D.J.Koch; 41 (1843)
= Brassica rapa var. oblonga (DC.) Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 358 (1823)
= Brassica rapa var. oblonga (Mill.) Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 2: 295 (1831)
= Brassica rapa var. oleronensis (A.Sav. ex Foucaud) Sav.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Rochelaise 11: 69 (1889)
= Brassica sativa subsp. rapa (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 21 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Brassica sativa var. rapa (L.) Clavaud; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 35: 293 (1881)
= Crucifera rapa (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 137 (1902)
= Napus rapa (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 941 (1829)
= Rapa oblonga Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)
= Raphanus rapa (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 113 (1769)
= Sinapis rapa (L.) Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 586 (1804)
variant :
var. purpuraria (Bailey) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 19(3): 78 (1950)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica purpuraria (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 4: 330 (1941)
= Brassica campestris var. purpuraria L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 2: 248 (1930)
subspecies :
subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt; R. Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. u. Gartn. Kulturpfl., Auf. 2, ed. J. Schultze-Motel 1: 304 (1986)
Name: Pak Choi, Tatsoi, Choi-sum
Distribution: China [I]; Taiwan [I]; Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]
36 chi 38 tai 79 mex 80 hon
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica antiquorum H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 227 (1907)
= Brassica campestris subsp. chinensis (L.) Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 12: XXVII (1912)
= Brassica campestris subsp. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) G.Olsson; Hereditas (Lund) 40: 414 (1954)
= Brassica campestris var. chinensis (L.) N.Busch; Fl. Sibir. Orient. Extremi 1: 166 (1913)
= Brassica campestris var. mana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 24 (1932)
= Brassica campestris var. musifolia Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 5: 48 (1928)
= Brassica campestris var. osakana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 8: 25 (1932)
= Brassica chinensis f. aichi M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 147 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. chifu M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 145 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. hiberna M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. hiroshimana (Makino) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 143 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. honsaitai M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. indivisa (Makino) M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 143 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. komatsuna (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 142 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. mana (Makino) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 143 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. nigra M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. nozawensis M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. osakana (Makino) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 143 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. piaoh-tsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis f. taito M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 146 (1971), without type.
= Brassica chinensis f. youngtungtsai (Kitam.) M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis L.; Cent. Pl. I: 19 (1755)
= Brassica chinensis subf. peking M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 147 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis subf. shigatsuna (Makino) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 142 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis var. communis Tsen & S.H.Lee
= Brassica chinensis var. crispa André; Pl. Feuill. Ornem. 108 (1866)
= Brassica chinensis var. dentata (Matsum. & Nakai) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 148 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis var. komatsuna Matsum. & Nakai; Index Sem. (Tokyo) 1916: 6 (1916)
= Brassica chinensis var. musifolia (Makino) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 149 (1971), as ´musifolia´
= Brassica chinensis var. narinosa (Bailey) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 144 (1971)
= Brassica chinensis var. oleifera Makino & Nemoto; Fl. Japan., ed. 2 [Makino & Nemoto] 393 (1931)
= Brassica chinensis var. rosularis Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hortus Sinicus 2: 8 (1942)
= Brassica japonica Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 161 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Brassica japonica var. indivisa Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 1: 7 (1916)
= Brassica japonica var. isena Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 904 (1912)
= Brassica japonica var. suigikuna Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 902 (1912)
= Brassica musifolia (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 5: 48 (1928), pro syn.
= Brassica napus var. chinensis (L.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 45 (1919)
= Brassica narinosa L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 99 (1922)
= Brassica oleracea var. chinensis (L.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 42 (1898)
= Brassica oleracea var. tsiekentsiensis H.Lév.
= Brassica parachinensis L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 102 (1922)
= Brassica pekinensis var. hiroshimana Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 3: 27 (1926)
= Brassica pe-tsai (Lour.) L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 99 (1922)
= Brassica pe-tsai var. dentata Matsum. & Nakai; Index Sem. (Tokyo) 1916: 13 (1916)
= Brassica rapa convar. parachinensis (L.H.Bailey) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 118 (2010)
= Brassica rapa convar. rosularis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 118 (2010)
= Brassica rapa subsp. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 1: 305 (1986)
= Brassica rapa subvar. pe-tsai (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 19(3): 79 (1950)
= Brassica rapa var. chinensis (L.) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 19: 79 (1950)
= Brassica rapa var. narinosa (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 19(3): 80 (1950)
= Brassica rapa var. parachinensis (Bailey) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98(11-12): 554 (1987)
= Brassica rapa var. rosularis (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98: 554 (1987)
= Raphanus chinensis (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 112 (1769) (non Mill. 1768)
= Sinapis pekinensis var. pe-tsai Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 400 (1790), nomen
variant :
var. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 62 (1955)
Distribution: India [c]; Andaman Isl. [I]
40 ind 41 and
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris subsp. dichotoma (Roxb.) G.Olsson; Hereditas (Lund) 40: 414 (1954)
= Brassica campestris var. dichotoma (Roxb.) Watt; Dict. Econ. Pl. Ind. 1: 523 (1889)
= Brassica napus var. dichotoma (Roxb.) Prain; Agr. Ledger 5: 36, t. 8 (1898)
= Brassica rapa subsp. dichotoma (Roxb. ex Fleming) Hanelt; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 1: 302 (1986)
= Sinapis dichotoma Roxb. ex Fleming; As. Research. 11: 179 (1810), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 117 (1832)
variant :
var. quadrivalvis (Hook.f. & Thomson) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 62 (1955)
Distribution: India [c]
40 ind
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica quadrivalvis Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 170 (1861)
= Brassica napus monstr. quadrivalvis (Hook.f. & Thomson) O.E.Schulz; Engl., Pflreich IV-105(70): 42 (1919)
variant :
var. trilocularis (Roxb.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 62 (1955)
Name: Indischer Rübsen (DE)
Distribution: Nepal [c]; N-India [I] (Arunachal Pradesh [I], Assam [I], Sikkim [I], West Bengal [I])
40 ind nep
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris f. trilocularis (Roxb.) Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 46 (1898)
= Brassica campestris subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) G.Olsson; Hereditas (Lund) 40: 414 (1954)
= Brassica campestris var. trilocularis (Roxb.) Duthie & Fuller; Field Gard. Crops N-W Prov. 2: 28 (1882)
= Brassica napus monstr. trilocularis (Roxb.) O.E.Schulz; op. cit. 42 (1919)
= Brassica napus var. trilocularis (Roxb.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 42 (1919)
= Brassica rapa subsp. trilocularis (Roxb.) Hanelt; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 1: 302 (1986)
= Brassica trilocularis (Roxb.) Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5: 170 (1861)
= Sinapis trilocularis Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal. 18 (1814), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 121 (1832)
subspecies :
subsp. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36: 93 (1985)
Name: Mizuna (jap.)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris subsp. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) G.Olsson; Hereditas (Lund) 40: 414 (1954)
= Brassica campestris var. chinoleifera Viehoever
= Brassica campestris var. nipposinica (Bailey) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36(1-3): 93 (1985)
= Brassica mizuna Siebold; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 12: 52 (1830), nomen
= Brassica nipposinica L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 86 (1922)
= Brassica nipposinica var. laciniifolia L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 1: 88 (1922)
= Brassica rapa var. chinoleifera (Viehoever) Kitam.
= Brassica rapa var. nipposinica (L.H.Bailey) Hanelt; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 1: 305 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. oleifera (DC.) Metzg.; Syst. Beschr. Kohlart. 49 (1833)
Name: Turnip rape (EN), Rübsen (DE)
Distribution: originated in cultivation; Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Lithuania [I]; Belarus [c]; Morocco [c]; Algeria [c]; Tunisia [c]; Libya [c]; Madeira [c]; Kazakhstan [c]; Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Kyrgyzstan [c]; Tajikistan [c]; Northern Caucasus [c]; Georgia [Caucasus] [c]; China [I]; Mongolia [I]; Pakistan [I]; India [c]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Mexico [I]; Isla Guadalupe [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Panama [I]; Cuba [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Bolivia [I]
11 ger hun slo 14 blr est lat lit 20 alg lby mor tun 21 mdr 32 kaz kgz tkm tzk uzb 33 geo ncs 36 chi 37 mon 40 ban ind pak 41 cbd mya tha 51 ctm nzl 60 rot 79 glp mex 80 hon nic pan 81 bbd cay cub gdl his mar pue sba trt 82 clm 83 bol
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica asperifolia var. oleifera (DC.) Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 1: 76 (1847)
= Brassica campestris subsp. oleifera (DC.) Sinskaya; Trudy Prikl. Bot. 19(3): 56 (1928)
= Brassica campestris subsp. oleifera (Moench) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, ed. 1: 437 (1834)
= Brassica campestris stirps oleifera DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 588 (1821)
= Brassica campestris var. annua (W.D.J.Koch) Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 2: 106 (1838)
= Brassica campestris var. oleifera (DC.) Celak.; 311 (1887)
= Brassica campestris var. oleifera Bluff & Fingerh.; 149 (1825)
= Brassica dubiosa L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 102 (1922)
= Brassica napus f. oleifera (DC.) C.W.Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J.A.Christiansen et al.] 126 (1922)
= Brassica napus var. oleifera DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 592 (1821)
= Brassica oleifera Moench; 253 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Brassica rapa convar. oleifera (DC.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 246 (1866)
= Brassica rapa f. annua (Metzg.) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 626 (1912)
= Brassica rapa f. biennis (Metzg.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.] 4: 261 (1918)
= Brassica rapa var. biennis Alef.; Landw. Fl. 246 (1866)
= Brassica rapa f. hiemalis (G.Martens) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 626 (1912)
= Brassica rapa stirps oleifera DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 591 (1821)
= Brassica rapa var. annua W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 55 (1835)
= Brassica rapa var. biennis Metzg.; 10 (1833)
= Brassica rapa var. oleifera (DC.) Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 2: 295 (1831)
= Brassica rapa var. oleifera (Moench) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 591 (1821)
= Brassica rapa var. oleifera Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 358 (1823)
= Caulanthus sulfureus Payson; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 286 (1922 publ. 1923)
= Napus oleifera (Moench) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 940 (1829)
variant :
var. perviridis L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 2: 243 (1930)
Name: Komatsuna (jap.), Japanischer Senfspinat (DE)
Distribution: cult.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica perviridis (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey; Gentes Herbarum 4: 328 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt; R. Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. u. Gartn. Kulturpfl., Auf. 2, ed. J. Schultze-Motel 1: 304 (1986)
Name: Chinakohl (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Croatia [I]; China; Taiwan [I]; Vietnam [I]; New Zealand [I]; Niue [I]; Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Takapoto Atoll [I]); Austral Isl. [I]; Guam [I]; Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I])
11 ger slo 13 cro 36 CHI 38 tai 41 vie 51 nzl 60 nue 61 aui coo tua 62 gum mrs
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica campestris f. glabra (Sinskaia) M.Hiroë; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 136 (1971)
= Brassica campestris subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) G.Olsson; Hereditas (Lund) 40: 414 (1954)
= Brassica campestris var. glabra Sinskaya
= Brassica campestris var. pekinensis (Lour.) Viehoever
= Brassica chinensis var. pandurata V.G.Sun
= Brassica chinensis var. pekinensis (Lour.) V.G.Sun
= Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.; Fl. Ingr. [Ruprecht] 96 (1860)
= Brassica pekinensis Skeels; U S. Dept. Agric. Bur. Pl. Industry, Bull. No. 227, 51 (1911)
= Brassica pekinensis var. cephalata Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 14 (1942)
= Brassica pekinensis var. cylindrica Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 15 (1942)
= Brassica pekinensis var. laxa Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 16 (1942)
= Brassica rapa convar. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 118 (2010)
= Brassica rapa convar. laxa (Tsen & S.H.Lee) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 118 (2010)
= Brassica rapa f. glabra (Sinskaya) M.Hiroe; Pl. Basho Buson Hokku Lit. 8(1): 136 (1971)
= Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 35: 125 (1984)
= Brassica rapa var. cephalata (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98(11-12): 553 (1987)
= Brassica rapa var. cylindrica (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98(11-12): 553 (1987)
= Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel; Gartenflora 9: 9 (1860)
= Brassica rapa var. laxa (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Hanelt; Feddes Repert. 98(11-12): 553 (1987)
= Brassica rapa var. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt; Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. Gärtn. Kulturpfl., ed. 2, 1: 304 (1986)
= Brassica rapa var. pekinensis (Lour.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 35(4-6): 125 (1984)
= Sinapis pekinensis Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 409 (1790)
= Sinapis pekinensis var. cai-ben Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 400 (1790), nomen
variant :
var. celerifolia Tsen & S.H.Lee; Hort. Sin. 2: 28 (1942)
Distribution: cult.; China (Jiangsu, Sichuan, etc.)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica celerifolia (Tsen & S.H.Lee) Y.Z.Lan & T.Y.Cheo; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 29(1): 74-75, t. 1, 10-15 (1991)
subspecies :
subsp. sylvestris (L.) Janch.; Kleine Fl. Wien [Janchen & Wendelberger] 55 (1953)
Name: Wild-Rübsen, Feld-Kohl (DE), Field mustard (EN)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands [I]; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen-Anhalt [I]); Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Spain [I]; Andorra [I]; Baleares; Corsica [I]; Sardinia; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; San Marino [I]; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania [I]; Romania [I]; Bulgaria; Greece [I] (incl. Kiklades [I]); E-European Russia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Buryatia [I], Chita [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], Tuva [I], W-Siberia [I], Yakutia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Kamchatka [I], Khabarovsk [I], Kuril Isl. [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl. [I] (Lesvos [I]); Turkey [I]; Turkey [I] (N-Anatolia [I], NE-Anatolia [I]); Iran [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; Kuwait [I]; Qatar [I]; Oman [I]; N-Yemen [I]; Nepal [c]; India [c]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Fiji [I]; Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Hawaii [I] (Pearl and Hermes Reef [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Galapagos [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Antofagasta [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 den fin ice nor swe 11 GER hun net slo 12 ado BAL cor SAR spa 13 alb BIH BUL CRO grc ita KOS MNT NMA rom sic sma SRB 14 rus 26 moz zim 27 saf 29 mau reu 30 sib 31 rfe 33 NCS 34 eai irn tur 35 kuw oma qat sau yem 40 ind nep 42 jaw 50 aus 60 fij nwc 61 sci 62 mic 63 haw 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els gua hon nic pan 82 clm 83 bol ecu gal per 84 bra 85 arg cle jnf par uru
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica rapa subsp. afghanica (Sinskaya) Shebalina; Kul´t. Fl. S.S.S.R. 18: 29 (1985)
= Brassica asperifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 746 (1785)
= Brassica asperifolia var. esculenta Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 1: 76 (1848)
= Brassica asperifolia var. sylvestris Lam.; 746 (1785), nom. illeg.
= Brassica briggsii Varenne; J. Bot. 19: 360 (1881)
= Brassica campestris (L.) Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 659 (1839)
= Brassica campestris f. auriculata (DC.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 49 (1919)
= Brassica campestris f. briggsii (Briggs) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 49 (1919)
= Brassica campestris f. tenuis O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 49 (1919)
= Brassica campestris L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 666 (1753)
= Brassica campestris subvar. autumnalis DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris subvar. praecox DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 589 (1821)
= Brassica campestris subvar. pygmaea Alef.; Landw. Fl. 249 (1866)
= Brassica campestris var. agrestis Prain; Agric. Ledger 1: 45 (1898)
= Brassica campestris var. amplexicaulis Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 901 (1912)
= Brassica campestris var. sarson Prain; Agric. Ledger 5: 24 (1898)
= Brassica campestris var. setulosa Caruel; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 9: 985 (1881)
= Brassica campestris var. sotetsuna Makino; Somoku Dzusetsu, ed. 3, 3: 900 (1912)
= Brassica colza H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 12: 25 (1910)
= Brassica cyrenaica Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 911 (1825), nom. superfl.
= Brassica napella Chaix; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3: 334 (1788)
= Brassica polymorpha subsp. campestris (L.) Syme; 134 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) A.R.Clapham; A. R. Clapham et al., 153 (1952)
= Brassica rapa subsp. sylvestris (Lam.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 8: 235 (1959)
= Brassica rapa var. briggsii Briggs; Fl. Plymouth 20 (1880)
= Brassica rapa var. campestris (L.) Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 491 (1838)
= Brassica rapa var. campestris (L.) W.D.J.Koch; 59 (1843)
= Brassica rapa var. colza H.Lév.; 25 (1910)
= Brassica rapa var. sylvestris Briggs; Fl. Plymouth 20 (1880), nomen
= Brassica sativa var. campestris (L.) Clavaud; Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 35: 292 (1881)
= Brassica sphaerorhiza Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 683 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Brassica trimestris Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 201 (1824)
= Brassica tuberosa Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 272 (1796)
= Gorinkia campestris (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Cech. 141 (1819)
= Napus campestris (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 941 (1829)
= Raphanus campestris (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 113 (1769)
= Sinapis campestris Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 2: 88 (1809)
= Sinapis communis Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5(4): 27 (1790), nomen
= Sinapis tuberosa Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 346 (1797)
species :
Brassica rupestris Raf.; Caratt. 77 (1810)
subspecies :
subsp. rupestris
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily
13 ITA SIC
Remarks: rupestris agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica crispa Raf.; Specchio Sci. 2: 69 (1814)
= Brassica oleracea subvar. rupestris (Raf.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 184 (1885)
= Brassica oleracea var. rupestris (Raf.) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 1: 446 (1898)
= Brassica sempervirens Ten. ex Schrank; Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. t. 10 (1817)
subspecies :
subsp. monilicarpa Raimondo & Spadaro; Fl. Medit. 30: 249, fig. 2 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
subspecies :
subsp. tardarae (Ilardi, Geraci & Troía) Raimondo; Fl. Medit. 30: 249 (2020)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica tardarae Ilardi, Geraci & Troía; Plants (Basel) 9(8)-947: 4 (2020)
species :
Brassica somalensis Hedge & A.G.Mill.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35(2): 179 (1977)
Distribution: NE-Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Brassica spinescens Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 364 (1875)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Remarks: probably to be included in Erucastrum
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica scopulorum Coss. & Durieu; Coss. & Barratte, Ill. Fl. Atlant. 1: 28 (1882)
= Brassica scopulorum var. spinescens (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 57 (1888)
= Brassica spinescens var. scopulorum (Coss. & Durieu) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 380 (1924)
species :
Brassica taiwanensis S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 284 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Brassica trichocarpa C.Brullo, Brullo, Giusso & Ilardi; Phytotaxa 122(1): 47 (2013)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Brassica tyrrhena Giotta, Piccitto & Arrigoni; Webbia 57(1): 1 (2002)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
species :
Brassica villosa Biv.; Stirp. Rar. Sicilia 4: 20 (1816)
subspecies :
subsp. villosa
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: rupestris agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica cretica Guss.; Cat. Pl. Hort. Boccadifalco 11 (1821), non Lam.
= Brassica montana Raf.; Specchio Sci. 2: 69 (1814) non DC. 1805
= Brassica oleracea var. villosa (Biv.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 184 (1885)
= Brassica rupestris subsp. villosa (Biv.) Snogerup ex Hanelt; R. Mansf., Verz. Landwirtsch. u. Gartn. Kulturpfl., Auf. 2, ed. J. Schultze-Motel 1: 292 (1986)
= Brassica villosa Biv. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post.: 243 (1827)
subspecies :
subsp. bivoniana (Mazzola & Raimondo) Raimondo & Mazzola; Lagascalia 19(1-2): 832 (1997)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica bivoniana Mazzola & Raimondo; Lagascalia 15(Extra): 250 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. brevisiliqua (Raimondo & Mazzola) Raimondo & Geraci; Fl. Medit. 12: 441 (2002 publ. 2003)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica repanda subsp. brevisiliqua Raimondo & Mazzola; Lagascalia 19(1-2): 834 (1997)
subspecies :
subsp. drepanensis (Caruel) Raimondo & Mazzola; Lagascalia 19(1-2): 832 (1997)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica drepanensis (Caruel) Damanti; Nat. Sicil. 10(4): 91 (1891)
= Brassica macrocarpa var. drepanensis (Caruel) Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 1: 447 (1898)
= Eruca drepanensis Caruel; N. Giorn. Bot. It. 23: 240 (1891)
subspecies :
subsp. tineoi (Lojac.) Raimondo & Mazzola; Lagascalia 19(1-2): 832 (1997)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica tineoi Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 1(1): 113 (1888)
= Brassica villosa var. tineoi (Lojac.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 38 (1919)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.01 (January 21th, 2025)

Covering 355,968 accepted species,
8,748 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,228 synonyms,
in total 1,418,722* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life