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184.0000 Family Ranunculaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 231 (1789), nom. cons.
52 genera, ca. 3700 spp.
Species listed in database: 3821; hybrids: 107
= Aconitaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 216 (1820)
= Actaeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 140 (1823)
= Anemonaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 264, 275 (1818)
= Aquilegiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 375, 861, 979 (1870)
= Calthaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 92 (1820)
= Cimicifugaceae Bromhead; Mag. Nat. Hist. 4: 336, 338 (1840)
= Clematidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 134 (1820)
= Delphiniaceae Brenner; Florist. Handb. 52 (1886)
= Glaucidiaceae M.Tamura; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 85: 40 (1972)
= Helleboraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 264, 274 (1818)
= Hydrastidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Nigellaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 76 (1858)
= Thalictraceae Raf.; Anal. Nat. 176 (1815)
= Xanthorhizaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 145 (1823)
184.5501 Genus Caltha L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 558 (1753)
Distribution: arctic and temp. Northern Hemisphere, New Zealand, temp. South America, 2 higher altitudes of Australia
Species listed in database: 15; hybrids: 1
= Polulago Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
= Psychrophila (DC.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Ranunc.): 80 (1823)
= Thacla Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 7: 295 (1838)
species :
Caltha alba Cambess.; Voy. Inde [Jacquemont] 4(Bot.): 6 (1841)
Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar); ?Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar (Kachin)
34 AFG IRN 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha elata Duthie; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 37: 178 (1905)
= Caltha govaniana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4710 (1831), nomen
= Caltha govaniana Wall. ex Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 54 (1834)
= Caltha himalayanus Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 44 (1834)
= Caltha himalensis D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 195 (1825)
= Caltha napalensis Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 22 (1835)
= Caltha palustris var. alba (Cambess.) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. [Hooker f. & Thomson] 40 (1855), et in Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 21 (1872)
= Caltha palustris var. himalaica M.Tamura; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 19(2-3): 76 (1962)
= Caltha palustris var. himalayensis Brühl ex Banerji; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 19(2): 18 (1966)
= Caltha palustris var. himalensis (D.Don) Mukerjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 2: 105 (1960)
= Caltha palustris var. purpurea Sparre & Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 8: 248 (1929)
= Caltha paniculata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 167, no. 4711 (1831), nomen
species :
Caltha appendiculata Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 107 (1806)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.
85 ARG CLE 91 FAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha appendiculata Lechl. ex Müll.Berol.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 7: 26 (1868)
= Caltha appendiculata var. chilensis Huth; Helios 9: 67 (1892)
= Caltha holophylla Leyb.; Anales Univ. Chile 1859: 678 (1859)
= Caltha limbata Schltdl.; Linnaea 28: 556 (1856)
= Caltha paradoxa T.F.Forst.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 324 (1807)
= Psychrophila appendiculata (Pers.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Ranunc.): 80 (1823)
species :
Caltha biflora DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 310 (1817)
Name: Howell´s marsh marigold
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)
70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha biflora subsp. howellii (Huth) Abrams; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 2: 175 (1944)
= Caltha howellii (Huth) Greene; Pittonia 4: 79 (1899)
= Caltha leptosepala subsp. biflora (DC.) P.G.Smit; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 72: 26 (1969)
= Caltha leptosepala subsp. howellii (Huth) P.G.Sm.; Blumea 21(1): 143 (1973)
= Caltha leptosepala var. biflora (DC.) G.Lawson; Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 2(4): 69 (1884)
= Caltha leptosepala var. howellii Huth; Helios 9: 68 (1892)
= Caltha rotundifolia var. howellii (Huth) K.C.Davis; Taxon. Stud. N. Amer. Ranunculaceae 15 (1900)
species :
Caltha dionaeifolia Hook.f.; London J. Bot. 2: 306 (1843)
Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Psychrophila dionaeifolia (Hook.) Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 1: 51 (1845)
species :
Caltha dysosmoides Tao Zhang, Bing Liu, Y.Q.Hao, Y.Yang & Y.J.Lai; Phytotaxa 283(1): 48 (2016)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Caltha introloba F.Muell.; Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 98 (1855)
Distribution: Australia (S-New South Wales, E-Victoria)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Psychrophila introloba (F.Muell.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 51(6): 375 (1982)
= Caltha novae-zelandiae var. introloba (F.Muell.) Huth; Helios 9: 67 (1892)
species :
Caltha leptosepala DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 310 (1817)
Name: White marsh marigold
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha auriculata (Raf.) Merr.; J. Arnold Arbor. 29: 211 (1948)
= Caltha biflora var. rotundifolia (Huth) C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L.Hitchcock et al.] 2: 335 (1964)
= Caltha chelidonii Greene; Pittonia 4: 75 (1901)
= Caltha chionophila Greene; Pittonia 4: 80 (1901)
= Caltha lasiopetala Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 139 (1841)
= Caltha leptosepala f. chionophila (Greene) Cockerell; Torreya 13: 267 (1913)
= Caltha leptosepala var. macounii (Greene) K.C.Davis; Taxon. Stud. N. Amer. Ranunculaceae 16 (1900)
= Caltha leptosepala var. rotundifolia Huth; Helios 9: 68 (1892)
= Caltha leptostachya G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 44 (1831)
= Caltha macounii Greene; Pittonia 4: 77 (1901)
= Caltha malvacea Greene; Pittonia 4: 75 (1901)
= Caltha rotundifolia (Huth) Greene; Pittonia 4: 80 (1901)
= Caltha uniflora Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 474 (1900)
= Psychrophila leptosepala (DC.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 51: 375 (1982)
variant :
var. sulfurea C.L.Hitchc.; Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N. W. [C.L.Hitchcock et al.] 2: 337 (1964)
Name: Sulphur marsh marigold
Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana)
73 USA
species :
Caltha natans Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. [Pallas] 3: 284 (1776)
Name: Floating marsh marigold
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol); Mongolia; North Korea; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Minnesota, Wisconsin)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 NKO 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha baicalensis P.A.Demidov ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 262 (1841)
= Caltha pusilla Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 390 (1813)
= Thacla ficarioides Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 7: 295 (1838)
= Thacla natans (Pall.) Deyl & Soják; Sborn. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada B, Prír. Vedy 26: 31 (1970)
species :
Caltha novae-zelandiae Hook.f.; Bot. Antarct. Voy. II. (Fl. Nov.-Zel.) 1: 12, t. 6 (1852)
Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl.)
51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha marginata Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 23: 382 (1890 publ. 1891)
= Psychrophila novae-zealandiae (Hook.f.) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 51(6): 375 (1982)
species :
Caltha obtusa Cheeseman; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 33: 312 (1901)
Distribution: New Zealand (South Isl.)
51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Psychrophila obtusa (Cheeseman) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 51(6): 375 (1982)
= Caltha introloba var. obtusa (Cheesman) Ewart; (1930)
species :
Caltha palustris L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 558 (1753)
Name: Sumpfdotterblume (DE), Yellow marsh marigold (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl., Isle of Man, Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey); Italy; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (California, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha alpina (Schur) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 25 (1866)
= Caltha asarifolia DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 309 (1817)
= Caltha confinis Greene; Pittonia 4: 76 (1901)
= Caltha coronata Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 25 (1866)
= Caltha crenata Belyaeva & Sipliv.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 60(6): 819 (1975)
= Caltha dentata Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept., ed. 2. 56 (1818)
= Caltha emodorum Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post.: 220 (1827)
= Caltha ficarioides Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 389 (1813)
= Caltha freyniana Heldr. ex Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 349 (1886)
= Caltha glabra Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 279 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Caltha gorovii Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 130: 36 (1984)
= Caltha gracilis Nakai; Veg. Chiisan Mts. 32 (1915)
= Caltha grosseserrata Pant.; Verh. Vereins Natur- Heilk. Presburg, n. s. 2: 86 (1871)
= Caltha guerangerii Boreau; Annot. Fl. France Allemagne 11 (1855)
= Caltha holubyi (Schur) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 351 (1886)
= Caltha integerrima Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 390 (1813)
= Caltha intermedia Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 32 (1854)
= Caltha laeta subsp. rostrata (Borbás) Jáv.; Magyar Fl. 351 (1924)
= Caltha longirostris Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 349 (1886), et in Annal. naturh. Hofmus. Wien 5: 69 (1887)
= Caltha major Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 1 (1768)
= Caltha natans var. asarifolia (DC.) Huth; Helios 9: 71 (1891)
= Caltha pallidiflora Martrin-Donos; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 130 (1862)
= Caltha palustris f. arrabonensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 174 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. dentata (Celak.) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 21 (1891)
= Caltha palustris f. integerrima (Pursh) Huth; Helios 9: 73 (1892)
= Caltha palustris f. platycarpa Soó & Kovács-Lang; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 174 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. retyezatensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 174 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. simonkaiana Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 174 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. transsilvanica Soó & Kovács-Lang; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 174 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. ucrainica Racib.; Sprawozdania 22: 50 (1888)
= Caltha palustris subsp. asarifolia (DC.) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund., Ser. 2, 40: 712 (1944)
= Caltha palustris subsp. vulgaris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.):301 (1924) Mitt.-Eur. 3: 458 (1912)
= Caltha palustris var. acuteserrata Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 20 (1891)
= Caltha palustris var. aleutensis Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 25 (1891)
= Caltha palustris var. asarifolia (DC.) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 350 (1886)
= Caltha palustris var. asarifolia (DC.) Rothr.; Rep. (Annual) Board Regents Smithsonian Inst. 1867: 442 (1872)
= Caltha palustris var. borbasii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18(1-2): 176 (1973) (nom. nov.)
= Caltha palustris var. borealis Polozhij; Sist. Zametki Mater. Gerb. Krylova Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. Kuybysheva 85(27): 6 (1974 publ. 1975), without type, et Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 52: 54 (2021)
= Caltha palustris var. guerangerii (Boreau) Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 1: 50 (1863)
= Caltha palustris var. integerrima (Pursh) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 349 (1886), isonym
= Caltha palustris var. integerrima (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 26 (1838)
= Caltha palustris var. major (Mill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 308 (1817)
= Caltha palustris var. membranacea (Turcz.) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 350 (1886)
= Caltha palustris var. parnassifolia (Raf.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 26 (1838)
= Caltha palustris var. parnassiifolia (Raf.) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 350 (1886), isonym
= Caltha palustris var. subcornuta Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 8B(48B): 46 (1909 publ. 1908)
= Caltha palustris var. vulgaris (Schott) Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 1: 50 (1863)
= Caltha parnassifolia Raf.; Med. Repos. Original Essays Intelligence Phys. 5: 361 (1808)
= Caltha populago Gouan; Hortus Monsp. 268 (1762)
= Caltha pumila Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 26 (1866)
= Caltha pygmaea (Makino) Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 5: 17 (1928)
= Caltha ranunculoides Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 26 (1866)
= Caltha riparia G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 44 (1831)
= Caltha rostrata Borbás; Geogr. Enum. Pl. Comit. Castriferrei 244 (1887)
= Caltha serotina Tolm.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 56(12): 1791 (1971)
= Caltha silvestris Vorosch.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 40: 50 (1961)
= Caltha stagnalis Magnier ex Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 1: 114 (1893)
= Caltha thracica (Velen.) Adamovic ex Graebn. & P.Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 5(2): 569 (1929)
= Caltha ucrainica (Racib.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 12 (1889)
= Caltha vulgaris Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 33 (1854)
= Populago palustris (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 300 (1794), isonym
= Populago palustris (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 404 (1771)
= Trollius paluster (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 5: 240 (1901)
= Trollius palustris (L.) D.Brândza; Prodr. Fl. Romane 1: 8 (1879)
variant :
var. araneosa van Steenis; Gorteria 5(7-10): 218 (1971)
Distribution: Netherlands
11 NET
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha palustris subsp. araneosa (Steenis) Meijden; Gorteria 16(2): 48 (1990)
variant :
var. barthei Hance; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 5: 205 (1866)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan
31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha barthei (Hance) Koidz.; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 77 (1930)
= Caltha fistulosa f. atrorubra W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin., Addit. 1: 50 (1965)
= Caltha fistulosa Schipcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Bot. Akad. Nauk Kazakhsk. S.S.R. 2: 166 (1921)
= Caltha palustris f. atrorubra (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 27: 64 (1979)
= Caltha palustris subsp. barthei (Hance) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 20: 203 (1962)
= Caltha palustris var. multiflora Kom. ex Schipcz.
variant :
var. cornuta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Borbás; Békesvármegye Fl. 85 (1881)
Distribution: Europe; Germany; Hungary; etc.
11 GER HUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha cornuta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 31 (1854)
= Caltha cornuta var. latifolia (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: (1886)
= Caltha latifolia Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 32 (1854)
= Caltha palustris f. cornuta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Huth; Helios 9: 73 (1892)
= Caltha palustris subsp. cornuta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 3: 458 (1912)
= Caltha palustris var. latifolia (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hegi; (1911)
= Caltha sagittata f. latifolia Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 209 (1902)
= Caltha sagittata var. latifolia Huth; Helios 9: 66 (1892)
variant :
var. laeta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): (1891)
Distribution: Europe; Germany; Austria; Hungary; etc.
11 AUT GER HUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha alpestris Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 33 (1854)
= Caltha laeta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 32 (1854)
= Caltha laeta subsp. alpestris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 337 (1936)
= Caltha laeta var. alpestris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 349 (1886)
= Caltha laeta var. czarnohorensis Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 8B(48B): 45 (1909 publ. 1908)
= Caltha laeta var. pseudocornuta Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 8B(48B): 45 (1909 publ. 1908)
= Caltha laeta var. truncata Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 349 (1886)
= Caltha orthorhyncha Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 15(2): 28 (1869)
= Caltha palustris f. alpestris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 22 (1891)
= Caltha palustris f. czarnohorensis (Zapal) Soó & Kovács-Lang; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18(1-2) 176 (1973)
= Caltha palustris f. orthorrhyncha (Rupr.) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 22 (1891)
= Caltha palustris f. truncata (Beck) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 22 (1891)
= Caltha palustris subsp. alpestris (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 241 (1942)
= Caltha palustris subsp. laeta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 3: 458 (1912)
= Caltha palustris var. truncata (Beck) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 3: 458 (1911)
= Caltha polypetala var. orthoryncha (Rupr.) Kem.-Nath.; Fl. Gruzii, ed. 2, 3: 237 (1975)
variant :
var. membranacea Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 62 (1842)
Distribution: Siberia; Russian Far East; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha arctica subsp. membranacea (Turcz.) Khokhr.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 203 (1975)
= Caltha membranacea (Turcz.) Schipcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 168 (1921)
= Caltha membranacea var. grandiflora S.H.Li & Y.H.Huang; Fl. Pl. Herb. Chin. Bor.-Or. 3: 93 (1975)
= Caltha palustris subsp. membranacea (Turcz.) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 4, 13(1): 84 (1971)
= Caltha palustris subsp. polysepala (Turcz.) Vorosch.; Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh S.S.S.R. [A.K.Skvortsov] 167 (1985)
= Caltha palustris var. orientalisinensis X.H.Guo; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(3): 241 (1987)
= Caltha palustris var. polysepala Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 62 (1842)
= Clematis viorna var. membranacea Kuntze; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 26: 133 (1885)
variant :
var. minor (Mill.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 309 (1817)
Distribution: England (England, Scotland, etc.)
10 GRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha minor Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: Caltha n 2 (1768)
= Caltha palustris f. minor (Mill.) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 21 (1891)
= Caltha palustris subsp. minor (Mill.) Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 5(2): 567 (1926)
= Caltha palustris subsp. minor (Mill.) Vorosch.; Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh S.S.S.R. [A.K.Skvortsov] 167 (1985), isonym
variant :
var. polypetala (Hochst.in Lorent) Huth; Helios 9: 71 (1892)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
13 BUL 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha palustris subsp. polypetala (Hochst.) Velen.; Fl. Bulg. [Velenovsky], Suppl.: 9 (1898)
= Caltha palustris subsp. polypetala (Turcz.) Vorosch.; Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh S.S.S.R. [A.K.Skvortsov] 167 (1985), isonym
= Caltha polypetala Hochst.; Wanderungen Morgenl. [Lorent] 339 (1845)
= Caltha polypetala var. colchica Kem.-Nath.; Fl. Gruzii, ed. 2, 3: 237 (1975)
= Caltha polypetala var. orthorhyncha (Rupr.) Kem.-Nath.; Fl. Gruzii, ed. 2, 3: 237 (1975)
variant :
var. radicans (T.F.Forst.) Beck; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 350 (1886)
Distribution: Iceland; England (N-England, Scotland, etc.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Germany; Poland; France; N-European Russia (incl. Novaja Zemlja); Siberia; Russian Far East; Alaska; Canada (Manitoba, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Yukon)
10 DEN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 GER POL 12 FRA 14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha arctica R.Br.; App. Parry J. Sec. Voy. 265 (1824)
= Caltha arctica subsp. caespitosa (Schipcz.) Khokhr.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 203 (1975)
= Caltha caespitosa Schipcz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 2: 165 (1921)
= Caltha decumbens Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 1: 53 (1877)
= Caltha flabellifolia Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 390, t. 17 (1813)
= Caltha minor subsp. arctica (R.Br.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 128: 510 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Caltha natans var. arctica (R.Br.) Hultén
= Caltha palustris subsp. arctica (R.Br.) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 4, 13(1): 336 (1971)
= Caltha palustris subsp. procumbens (Beck) H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 241 (1942)
= Caltha palustris subsp. radicans (T.F.Forst.) Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 1: 52 (1863)
= Caltha palustris var. arctica (R.Br.) Huth; Abh. Vorträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 18 (1891)
= Caltha palustris var. flabellifolia (Pursh) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 27 (1838)
= Caltha palustris var. procumbens Beck; Abh. Voträge Gesammtgeb. Naturwiss. 4(1): 18 (1891)
= Caltha palustris var. zetlandica Beeby; Scott. Naturalist (Perth) n. s. 3: 21 (1887)
= Caltha procumbens Huth; Exsicc. (Herb. Europ.) 1894: 13 (1894)
= Caltha radicans T.F.Forst.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8: 324 (1807)
= Caltha zetlandica (Beeby) Dörfl.; Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.) 1911: no. 5206 (1911)
variant :
var. sibirica Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(2): 53 (1862)
Distribution: Siberia; Russian Far East; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Kyushu)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha arctica subsp. sibirica (Regel) Tolm.; Arktichesk. Fl. S.S.S.R. 6: 129 (1971)
= Caltha palustris subsp. nymphiifolia Vorosch. & Gorovoj; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 106: 45 (1977)
= Caltha palustris subsp. renifolia (Tolm.) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 96(5): 74 (1991)
= Caltha palustris subsp. sibirica (Regel) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 4, 13(1): 337 (1971)
= Caltha palustris subsp. sibirica (Regel) Luferov; Turczaninowia 7(1): 10 (2004), isonym
= Caltha palustris subsp. violacea (Khokhr.) Luferov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 96(5): 74 (1991)
= Caltha palustris var. sibirica (Regel) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 4, 13(1): 337 (1971)
= Caltha renifolia (Tolm.) Luferov; Botanica Pacifica 12(2): 128 (2023)
= Caltha sibirica (Regel) Tolm.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 17: 153 (1955)
= Caltha sibirica var. renifolia Tolm.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 17: 159 (1955)
= Caltha violacea Khokhr.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 12: 203 (1975)
variant :
var. umbrosa Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5(25): 264-265 (1912)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha palustris subvar. palmata Takeda; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 218 (1912)
= Caltha umbrosa (Diels) Hultén; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., Ser. 4, 13(1): 84 (1971)
species :
Caltha phylloptera A.W.Hill; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 32: 433 (1918)
Distribution: Australia (C-Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Psychrophila phylloptera (A.W.Hill) H.Eichler; Fl. Australia 2: 459 (2007)
species :
Caltha sagittata Cav.; Icon. [Cavanilles] 5: 8, 456, t. 414 (1799)
Name: Maillico [Chile]
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz); Argentina (Chubut, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes); Falkland Isl.
83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG CLE 91 FAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha alata A.W.Hill; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 32: 428 (1918)
= Caltha andicola (Gay) Walp.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1(1): 12 (1848)
= Caltha deranco Steud.; Flora 39: 407 (1856)
= Caltha involuta A.W.Hill; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 32: 427 (1918)
= Caltha multicapsularis Sond. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 44 (1824)
= Psychrophila andicola Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 1: 49 (1845)
= Psychrophila auriculata Raf.; Atlantic J. 144 (1832)
= Psychrophila sagittata (Cav.) Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 1(Ranunc.): 80 (1823)
= Psychrophila sagittata (Cav.) Raf.; Atlantic J. 144 (1832)
species :
Caltha scaposa Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. [Hooker f. & Thomson] 1: 40 (1855)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmars
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha palustris var. scaposa (Hook.f. & Thomson) Maxim.; Fl. Tangut. 16 (1889)
= Caltha scaposa var. parnassioides Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10(98): 865 (1929)
= Caltha scaposa var. smithii Ulbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10(98): 864-865 (1929)
species :
Caltha sinogracilis W.T.Wang; Acta Phytotax. Sin., Addit. 1, 50 (1965)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Caltha gracilis Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 181 (1924)
= Caltha rubriflora B.L.Burtt & Lauener; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 26(4): 349-350, f. 1-7 (1965)
= Caltha sinogracilis f. rubriflora (B.L.Burtt & Lauener) W.T.Wang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 27: 65 (1979)
species :
Caltha ×goodalliana T.R.Dudley; Rhodora 83(836): 490 (1981)
Distribution: Argentina (Tierra del Fuego)
85 ARG
Remarks: Caltha appendiculata x dionaeifolia
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 5th, 2025)

Covering 356,783 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,637 synonyms,
in total 1,417,272* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life