; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 909 (1753)
						
Distribution: mostly Europe, Mediterranean and W-Asia, few E-Asia, trop. Africa. Delimitation and status of species (or subspecies) is fairly controversial. Recently, more former subspecies are (again) recognized as species. Retention of Cyanus and Lopholoma as subgenera fide Hilbert et al. (2014)
						
								
								= Acosta    DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 90 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Acrocentron    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 37 (1826)
= Acrolophus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 50: 253 (1827)
= Alophium    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 54: 493 (1828)
= Ammocyanus    (Boiss.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19(1 -4): 78 (1973)
= Antaurea    Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Behen    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 41 (1762)
= Benedicta    Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Pfl. Erfurt [Bernhardi] 108 (1800)
= Calcitrapa    Heist. ex Fabr.; Enum. [Fabricius] Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Calcitrapoides    Fabr.; Enum. [Fabricius] Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Carbeni    Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 116, 532 (1763), nom. superfl.
= Cardosanctus    Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 152 (1899), nom. superfl.
= Centaurium    Haller; Hist. Stirp. Helv. 1: 69 (1768), nom. illeg.
= Cestrinus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 8: 24 (1817)
= Chartolepis    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 36 (1826)
= Cheirolepis    Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 106 (1849)
= Chrysopappus    Takht.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 7: 275 (1938)
= Cistrum    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Cnicus    Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 385, t. 162 (1791)
= Cnicus    L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 826 (1753), nom. cons.
= Colymbada    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 31 (1762)
= Crepula    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 9 (1762)
= Cyanus    Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
= Cynaroides    (Boiss. ex Walp.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19(1-4): 77 (1973)
= Eremopappus    Takht.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 2: No. 1, 25 (1945), reimpr.
= Erinacella    (Rech.f.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 77 (1973)
= Eriopha    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 47 (1762)
= Grossheimia    Sosn. & Takht.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 3: No. 1, 22 (1945)
= Heraclea    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 37 (1762)
= Hierapicra    Siegesb. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 346 (1891)
= Hippophaestum    Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Hookia    Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Hyalea    (DC.) Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3: 19, t. 214-217, 292 (1847)
= Hymenocentron    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 37 (1826)
= Jacea    Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
= Lepteranthus    Neck. ex Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 96 (1869)
= Leucacantha    Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 71 (1917)
= Leucantha    Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Lopholoma    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 37 (1826)
= Melanoloma    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 29: 472 (1823)
= Menomphalus    Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 32 (1874)
= Mesocentron    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 38 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Microlophus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 37 (1826)
= Paraphysis    (DC.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 76 (1973)
= Pectinastrum    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 38 (1826)
= Petrodavisia    Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 10(2): 193 (1975)
= Phaeopappus    (DC.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 122 (1846)
= Phalolepis    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 50: 248 (1827)
= Philostizus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 39: 498 (1826)
= Phrygia    (Pers.) Bosc; Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. [Déterville], éd. 2: 26: 17 (1818)
= Piptoceras    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 50: 469 (1827)
= Platylophus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 36 (1826), nom. rej.
= Plumosipappus    Czerep.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 20: 457 (1960)
= Podia    Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 72 (1790), nom. inval.
= Polyacantha    Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Psora    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 30 (1762)
= Pterolophus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 34 (1826)
= Pycnocomus    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 38 (1762), nom. superfl.
= Rhacoma    Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 117 (1763), nom. illeg.
= Rhaponticum    Ludwig; Inst. Regn. Veg., ed. 2: 123 (1757), nom. superfl.
= Sagmen    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 35 (1762)
= Seridia    Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 173 (1789)
= Setachna    Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 518 (1867)
= Solstitiaria    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 21 (1762)
= Sphaerocephala    Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 48 (1762)
= Spilacron    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 50: 238 (1827)
= Staebe    Hill; Veg. Syst. 3: 145 (1761) 4: 33 (1762)
= Stenolophus    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 35 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Stephanochilus    Coss. & Durieu ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 477 (1873)
= Tetramorphaea    DC.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 2: 331 (1833)
= Tomanthea    DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 564 (1836)
= Triplocentron    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 38 (1826)
= Veltis    Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 116 (1763) 2: 116 (1763)
= Verutina    Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 44: 38 (1826), et 58: 8 (1829)
= Wagenitzia    Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19(1-4): 76 (1973)
= xAcostitrapa    Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xColycea    Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= xColymbacosta    Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)
= xJaceacosta    Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xJaceitrapa    Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)