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184.0000 Family Ranunculaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 231 (1789), nom. cons.
52 genera, ca. 3700 spp.
Species listed in database: 3821; hybrids: 107
= Aconitaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 216 (1820)
= Actaeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 140 (1823)
= Anemonaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 264, 275 (1818)
= Aquilegiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 375, 861, 979 (1870)
= Calthaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 92 (1820)
= Cimicifugaceae Bromhead; Mag. Nat. Hist. 4: 336, 338 (1840)
= Clematidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 134 (1820)
= Delphiniaceae Brenner; Florist. Handb. 52 (1886)
= Glaucidiaceae M.Tamura; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 85: 40 (1972)
= Helleboraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 264, 274 (1818)
= Hydrastidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Nigellaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 76 (1858)
= Thalictraceae Raf.; Anal. Nat. 176 (1815)
= Xanthorhizaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(16-53): 2, 145 (1823)
184.5415 Genus Ceratocephala Moench; Methodus [Moench] 218 (1794)
Distribution: C- and Southeast Europe, Mediterranean eastward to Caucasus, W-Siberia, Middle Asia, Iran, W-China, New Zealand
Species listed in database: 3
species :
Ceratocephala falcata (L.) Cramer; Disp. Syst. Pl. 70 (1803)
subspecies :
subsp. falcata
Name: Sichelfrüchtiges Hornköpfchen (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Berlin [I], +Baden-Württemberg, Bayern [I], Hessen [I], +Sachsen-Anhalt, +Thüringen); Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland); E-European Russia; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Waziristan, Kurram, Dir, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Azad Kashmir); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Poonch); Argentina [I]
11 GER HUN SLO 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG MOR TUN 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG CYP IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK 85 arg
Synonyms: hidden
= Anemone cynosurus Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 735 (1854)
= Ceratocephala falcata (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 341 (1805), isonym
= Ceratocephala glaberrima Klokov
= Ceratocephala leiocarpa Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2) 269 (1848)
= Ceratocephala platyceras Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2): 269 (1848)
= Ceratocephala spicata Moench; Methodus [Moench] 218 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Ceratocephala syriaca Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2): 268 (1848)
= Ranunculus falcatus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 556 (1753)
= Ranunculus megarhynchus Blatt.
= Ranunculus parvulus J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 2(1): 879 (1791), non L.
= Ranunculus pygmaeus Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 1(1): 27 (1841)
subspecies :
subsp. incurva (Steven) Chrtek & Chrtková; Preslia 48: 120 (1976)
Distribution: Spain; Italy; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iran; Lebanon; Syria; Israel; Jordania
12 SPA 13 ITA 14 KRY 20 ALG MOR TUN 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceratocephala falcata subsp. hispanica Chrtek & Chrtková; Preslia 48: 121 (1976)
= Ceratocephala furfuracea Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 248 (1874)
= Ceratocephala incurva Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2): 269 (1848)
= Ranunculus falcatus subsp. incurvus (Steven) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 11: 203 (1964)
species :
Ceratocephala pungens Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 22(1): 135 (1984)
Distribution: New Zealand
51 NZL
species :
Ceratocephala orthoceras DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 1: 231 (1817)
Name: Curveseed butterwort (EN), Geradfrüchtiges Hornköpfchen (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Bamyan, Faryab, Kabul, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (C-Xinjiang, W-Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Quetta, Baluchistan, Waziristan, Kurram, Peshawar); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], South Dakota [I], Utah [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I])
11 AUT CZE ger HUN POL SLO 13 BUL CRO KOS ROM SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 IND PAK 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceratocephala caulifolia Qureshi & Chaudhri; Pakistan Syst. 2(1-2): 18 (1978) (1979)
= Ceratocephala falcata var. orthoceras (DC.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 6 (1888)
= Ceratocephala orthoceras var. platypetalus Zapal.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 8B(48B): 204 (1909 publ. 1908)
= Ceratocephala reflexa Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 21(2): 268 (1848)
= Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Besser; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 70 (1822)
= Ceratocephala testiculata (Crantz) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phan. Germ. 1: 1014 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Ceratocephalus glaber (W.Becker) Janisch.
= Ranunculus falcatus var. orthoceras (DC.) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 427 (1879)
= Ranunculus falcatus var. orthoceras Aitch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 30 (1880)
= Ranunculus orthoceras (DC.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Schmalh.; Fl. Sredn. Yuzhn. Rossii [Schmalhausen] 1: 14 (1895)
= Ranunculus testiculatus Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 2: 97 (1763), nom. illeg.
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.05 (May 23rd, 2025)

Covering 356,547 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,107 synonyms,
in total 1,416,616* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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