301.0000
Family
Connaraceae R.Br.; J. H. Tuckey, Narr. Exped. Zaire: 431 (1818), nom. cons.
13 genera, ca. 230 spp.
Species listed in database: 240
= Cnestidaceae Raf.; Med. Fl. 2: 113 (1830)
301.1001
Genus
Connarus L.; Sp. Pl. 674 (1753)
Distribution: circumtropical, mostly Neotropics and tropical Asia. Revision for Neotropics: Toledo et al. (2024)
Species listed in database: 99
= Anisostemon Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat Mosc. 20: I. 152 (1847)
= Canicidia Vell.; Fl. Flum. 184 (1825) 4: t. 139 (1827)
= Cynotoxicum Vell.; Fl. Flum. 197 (1825) 4: t. 186-188
= Erythrostigma Hassk.; Flora 25: II. Beibl. 45 (1842)
= Omphalobium Gaertn.; Fruct. 1: 217. t. 46 (1788)
= Tapomana Adans.; Fam. 2: 343 (1763)
= Tali Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 319 (1763)
= Tricholobus Blume; Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 236 (1850)
species :
Connarus africanus
Lam.; Encyc. 2: 95 (1786)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; S-Nigeria; W-Cameroon; São Tomé; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 BEN GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE 23 CMN CON EQG GAB SAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus djalonensis A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franc. 1: 165 (1920), nomen
= Connarus nigrensis Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 14(3): 317 (1891)
= Connarus smeathmannii (DC.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 436, Baker, in Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 458 (1850)
= Connarus venosus Smeathman ex DC.; Prodr. (A. DC.) 2: 85 (1825)
= Omphalobium africanum (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. (A. DC.) 2: 85 (1825)
= Omphalobium smeathmanni DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 86 (1825)
= Tricholobus africanus (Lam.) Heckel; Ann. Fac. Sci. Marseille Fasc. 1: 16 (1891)
species :
Connarus agamae
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 68 (1918)
Distribution: NE-Borneo
42 BOR
species :
Connarus andamanicus
M.S.Mondal; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 15(2): 459 (1991)
Distribution: Nicobar Isl.
41 NCB
species :
Connarus annamensis
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 31 (1952)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Connarus acutissimus
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 226 (1938)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus ruber var. acutissimus (G.Schellenb.) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 35: 115 (1983)
= Connarus laevis G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 226 (1938)
species :
Connarus angustifolius
(Radlk.) G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 117 (1925)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus perrottetii var. angustifolius Radlk.; Sitzb. Math.-Phys. Akad. Münch. 20: 194 (1890)
species :
Connarus araucanus
Cuatrec.; Brittonia 11: 164 (1959)
Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá, Casanare, Meta); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Guarico, Merida, Portuguesa); Bolivia (Beni)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus venezuelanus var. orinocensis Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 41(1980)
= Connarus venezuelanus subsp. araucanus (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.; Phytologia 49(1): 75 (1981)
species :
Connarus aureus
C.Toledo; Phytotaxa 415(1): 66 (2019)
Distribution: Brazil (Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus beyrichii
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 430 (1850)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (+Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Remarks: very rare and extant only in Rio de Janeiro
Synonyms: hidden
= Omphalobium beyrichii Vogel ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 189 (1871)
= Connarus salicifolius G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 115 (1925)
species :
Connarus blanchetii
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 431 (1850)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia, Alagoas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus ovatifolius G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 243 (1938)
= Omphalobium ovatifolium Mart. ex Baker; Fl. Bras. 14(2): (1871), pro syn.
species :
Connarus brachybotryosus
Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 57: 417 (1914)
Distribution: Guatemala (Alta Verapaz)
80 GUA
species :
Connarus bracteosovillosus
Forero; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 68(1): 218 (1981)
Distribution: Peru (Honoria)
83 PER
Remarks: known only from type location
species :
Connarus championii
Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 80 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
species :
Connarus cochinchinensis
(Baill.) Pierre; Fl. Vietnam. t. 378 (1898)
Distribution: Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (north of Malaya)
41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus attopoeuensis Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 377 C (attopoevensis) (1898)
= Connarus cochinchinensis var. corymbosus Pierre
= Connarus stictophyllus Kurz; Forest Fl. Burma i. 548. (1877)
= Connarus verruculosus (Kuntze) G.Schellenb.; Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Zürich 50: 75 (1910)
= Tricholobus cochinchinensis Baill.; Adansonia 9: 150 (1868 publ. 1870)
= Tricholobus verruculosus Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 155 (1891)
species :
Connarus conchocarpus
F.Muell.; Fragm. 5: 105 (1865)
subspecies :
subsp. conchocarpus
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricholobus conchocarpus (F.Muell.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 166 (1925)
= Tricholobus connaroides F.Muell.; Fragm. 8: 224 (1874)
subspecies :
subsp. schumannianus
(Gilg) Leenh.; F Males., Ser. I, 6(6): 936 (1972)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus schumannianus Gilg; K. Schumach. & Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch. Südsee,341 (1900)
species :
Connarus congolanus
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 289 (1938)
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; SE-Nigeria; W-Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
22 IVO LBR NGA 23 CMN CON GAB ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus sapini G.Schellenb.; De Wild. Pl. Bequaert. 4: 551 (1929), nomen, et Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 284 (1938), descr.
species :
Connarus cordatus
L.A.Vidal, Carbonó & Forero; Rev. Brasil. Bot. 7(1): 65 (1984)
Distribution: Colombia (Guainía, Santander); Venezuela (Amazonas, Casiquiare, Zulia)
82 CLM VEN
species :
Connarus coriaceus
G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 108 (1925)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus martii G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 116 (1925)
= Connarus neglectus G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 109 (1925)
= Connarus opacus G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 244 (1938)
= Connarus rigidus Forero; Brittonia 32: 38 (1980)
= Rourea laxiflora Rusby; Descr. New Sp. S. Am. Pl. 28 (1920)
species :
Connarus costaricensis
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 224 (1938)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus vulcanicus J.F.Morales; Rodriguesia 58(1): 45 (2007)
species :
Connarus culionensis
Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 120 (1909)
Distribution: Cambodia; Vietnam; N-Borneo; Palawan; S-Philippines (Balabac)
41 CBD VIE 42 BOR PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus erianthus Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 5: 1762 (1913)
= Connarus lanatus G.Schellenb.; (1924)
variant :
var. stellatus
(Merr.) Leenh.; Fl. Males. 5: 533 (1958)
Distribution: N-Borneo; Palawan; S-Philippines
42 BOR PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus stellatus Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 119 (1909)
species :
Connarus cuneifolius
Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 194 (1871)
Distribution: +SE-Brazil (+Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Remarks: known only from type
species :
Connarus detersus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 435 (1850)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus ecuadorensis
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 238 (1938)
Distribution: Colombia (Chocó, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus nervatus Cuatrec.; Fieldiana, Bot. 27: No. 2, 100 (1951)
species :
Connarus elsae
Forero; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 68(1): 220 (1981)
Distribution: Peru (San Martín)
83 PER
species :
Connarus erianthus
Benth. ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 191 (1871)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus euphlebius
Merr.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 35: 200 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. euphlebius
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (P. Tioman, Pahang); Borneo
42 BOR MLY
variant :
var. bullatus
Leenh.; Blumea Suppl. 4: 106 (1958)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
subspecies :
subsp. moluccanus
Leenh.; Blumea Suppl. 4: 106 (1958)
Distribution: Moluccas (Sula Arch.)
42 MOL
species :
Connarus fasciculatus
(DC.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 432 (1850)
subspecies :
subsp. fasciculatus
Distribution: Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapa)
82 FRG SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Omphalobium fasciculatum DC.; Prod. 2: 86 (1825)
subspecies :
subsp. pachyneurus
(Radlk.) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 36: 54 (1983)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Peru (Loreto, Yarinacocha); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre)
82 CLM 83 PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus klugii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 11: 157 (1936)
= Connarus pachyneurus Radlk.; Sitzb. math.-phys. Akad. Münch. xvi 365 (1886)
species :
Connarus favosus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 434 (1850)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus crassifolius Benth. ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 186 (1871)
species :
Connarus ferrugineus
Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: n. VII. 37 (1822)
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore
41 THA 42 MLY SNG
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cnestis corniculata Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 386 (1837)
species :
Connarus foreroi
C.Toledo; Willdenowia 51(2): 172 (2021)
Distribution: Peru (Huánuco)
83 PER
species :
Connarus gabonensis
Lemmens; Agric. Univ. Wageningen Pap. 89(6): 250 (1989)
Distribution: Gabon
23 GAB
species :
Connarus grandifolius
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 432 (1850)
Name: Lian caco, Liane a barriques (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique
81 DOM GDL MAR
species :
Connarus grandis
Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: n. VII. 40 (1822)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra (incl. Bangka, Simeulue Isl.); Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java
41 MYA 42 BOR JAW MLY PHI SNG SUL SUM
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisostemon trifoliatus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Nat Mosc. 20: I. 152 (1847)
= Connarus diversifolius (Hassk.) Scheff. ex Backer; Schoolfl. Java, 289 (1911)
= Connarus ellipticus (Zoll.) King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 7 (1897)
= Connarus grandis var. lunulatus Blume
= Connarus lunulatus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: Beibl. 37 (1924)
= Connarus polyanthus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 428 (1850)
= Connarus rolfei S.Vidal; Phan. Cuming. Philipp.: 23, 106 (1885)
= Connarus trifoliolatus Rolfe; J. Bot. 23: 212 (1885)
= Connarus villosus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 429 (1850)
= Erythrostigma diversifolia Hassk.; Flora 25: II. Beibl. 45 (1842)
= Erythrostigma ellipticum Zoll.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 14: 174 (1857)
species :
Connarus griffonianus
Baill.; Adansonia 7: 235 (1866 publ. 1867)
Distribution: SE-Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda [Angola]; D.R.Congo [Zaire] (widespread); Tanzania; Angola
22 NGA 23 BIO CAB CAF CMN CON GAB PRI ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus englerianus Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 14: 316 (1891)
= Connarus fernandesianus Exell & Mendonça; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 26: 234 (1952)
= Connarus griffonianus var. subsericeus (G.Schellenb.) Troupin; (1867)
= Connarus incurvatus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 228 (1923)
= Connarus luluensis Gilg; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 64 (1895)
= Connarus obovatus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 229 (1923)
= Connarus orientalis G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 228 (1923)
= Connarus puberulus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 226 (1923)
= Connarus sapinii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot. sér. 5, 3[1]: 89 (1909)
= Connarus subsericeus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 237 (1923)
= Connarus triangularis G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 226 (1923)
= Connarus villosiflorus Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23(1-2): 208 (1896)
= Manotes staudtii Gilg; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 71 (1895)
species :
Connarus guggenheimii
Forero; Caldasia, 13(61): 3 (1980)
Distribution: Colombia (Santander)
82 CLM
species :
Connarus impressinervis
B.C.Stone; Malaysian Forester 43(2): 255 (1980)
Distribution: Borneo (Sarawak)
42 BOR
species :
Connarus incomptus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 433 (1850)
Distribution: Guyana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas)
82 GUY 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus incomptus var. subcordatus Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 193 (1871)
species :
Connarus jaramilloi
Forero; Caldasia, 13(61): 5 (1980)
Distribution: Colombia (Meta)
82 CLM
species :
Connarus kingii
G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 96 (1925)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); ?Myanmar
41 AND
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus gibbosus Wall. ex King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 66: 6 (1897) (non Wall. ex Hook.f. 1876)
species :
Connarus lambertii
(DC.) Sagot; Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sere. 6 13: 295 (1882)
Distribution: Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; St. Vincent; Trinidad; Colombia (Boyacá, Guaviare, Meta, Valle, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Falcon, Monagas, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas)
80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 STV TRT 82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus guianensis Lamb. ex DC.; Prod. 2: 85 (1825)
= Connarus lambertii (DC.) Britton; N. Amer. Fl. 22: 234 (1908), isonym
= Connarus merizaldinus Cuatrec.; Fieldiana, Bot. 27: No. 2, 101 (1951)
= Connarus pottsii S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 463 (1886)
= Connarus schomburgkii Planch.; Linnaea 23: 431 (1850)
= Omphalobium lambertii DC.; Prod. 2: 85 (1825)
species :
Connarus lamii
Leenh.; Blumea Suppl. 4, 106 (1958)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Connarus latifolius
Wall.; Numer. List no. 5837 (1831)
Distribution: Myanmar (Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon)
41 MYA
species :
Connarus laurifolius
Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 186 (1871)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe, Rio Grande do Norte)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus blanchetii var. laurifolius (Baker) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 36: 79 (1983)
= Connarus portosegurensis Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 36 (1980)
species :
Connarus lentiginosus
Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 186 (1915)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN
species :
Connarus lonchotus
Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. n. s. 52: 69 (1917)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus stenophyllus Standl. & L.O.Williams ex Ant.Molina; Ceiba 14: No. 1, 2 (1968)
species :
Connarus longestipitatus
Gilg; Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afr. C 191 (1895)
Distribution: SE-Nigeria; SW-Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; ?South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; W-Angola
22 NGA 23 BUR CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus mildbraedii G.Schellenb.; Wiss. Ergebn. Deutsch. Zentr.-Afr.-Exped. 1910-11 2: 75 (1922), nomen, et in Engl. Jahrb. 58: 224 (1923)
= Connarus vrydaghii Troupin; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 21: 372 (1951)
= Connarus stuhlmannianus Gilg; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C (1895) 192
species :
Connarus longipetalus
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 29 (1952)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Connarus lucens
G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: Beibl. 131, 36 (1924)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
species :
Connarus manausensis
C.Toledo & V.C.Souza; Syst. Bot. 43(3): 754 (2018)
Distribution: Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus marginatus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 429 (1850)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Omphalobium brasiliense A.Rich. ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 185 (1871), pro syn.
species :
Connarus marleneae
Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 35 (1980)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus celatus Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 33 (1980)
species :
Connarus megacarpus
S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 273 (1923)
Distribution: Guyana
82 GUY
Remarks: known only from two collections 1913 and 1938
species :
Connarus monocarpus
(L.) Wight & Arn.; Prod. 143 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. monocarpus
Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus afzelii R.Br. ex Planch.; Linnaea 23: 418 (1850)
= Connarus strictinervis G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 100 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. malayensis
Leenh.; Fl. Males. ser. I. 5: 538 (1958)
Distribution: Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
41 MYA NCB THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY PHI SNG SUL SUM
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cnestis pentaphylla Span.; Linnaea 15: 189 (1841)
= Connarus carnosus Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 4: 1508 (1912)
= Connarus celebicus G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: Beibl. 131, 34 (1924)
= Connarus densiflorus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 70 (1918)
= Connarus falcatus Blume; Mus. Bot. 1(17): 266 (1851)
= Connarus fragrans Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 4: 1507 (1912)
= Connarus hallieri Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 122 (1909)
= Connarus hasseltii Blume; Mus. Bot. 1(17): 266 (1851)
= Connarus maingayi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 53 (1876)
= Connarus oligophyllus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 427 (1850)
= Connarus palawanensis Elmer; Leaflets Philip. Bot. 5: 1763 (1913)
= Connarus pentaphyllus (Span.) G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: Beibl. 131, 34 (1924)
= Connarus pinnatus Hasselt ex Blume; Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 266 (1850)
= Connarus sorsogonensis Elmer ex Merr.; Enum. Philipp. Fl. Pl. 2: 237 (1923), pro syn.
= Connarus spanoghei Blume; Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 267 (1850)
= Omphalobium carneum Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 189 (1841)
species :
Connarus negrensis
Huber; Bol. Mus. Para. 5: 374 (1909)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas); Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Roraima)
82 CLM 84 BRA
species :
Connarus nicobaricus
King; Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66: 6 (1897)
Distribution: Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl.)
41 NCB
species :
Connarus nodosus
Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 190 (1871)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus uleanus Gilg ex Ruebsaamen; (1905)
= Omphalobium simonianum Casar. ex G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 239 (1938), pro syn.
species :
Connarus oblongus
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 250 (1938)
Distribution: +SE-Brazil (+Minas Gerais, +Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Remarks: only known from type with uncertain location
species :
Connarus odoratus
Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 23: 172 (1862)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak); Borneo
42 BOR MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricholobus ferrugineus Blume; Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 237 (1850 or 1851)
= Connarus hebephyllus King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 5 (1897)
species :
Connarus panamensis
Griseb.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 6: 6 (1858)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Córdoba, La Guajira); Venezuela (Zulia)
80 COS PAN 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus cooksii Pittier ex G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 223 (1938)
= Connarus haemorrhoeus H.Karst.; Fl. Columb. 2: 73. t. 137 (1863)
species :
Connarus paniculatus
Roxb.; Fl. Ind., ed. 1832 3: 139-140 (1832)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Johor)
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus bariensis Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. sub t. 377 (1898)
= Connarus hainanensis Merr.; Lingnan Sci. J. 13(1): 58 (1934)
= Connarus harmandianus Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 377 B. (1898)
= Connarus paniculatus subsp. tonkinensis (Lecomte) Y.M.Shui; Fl. Yunnan. 12: 784 (2006)
= Connarus pentandrus Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 49 (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 140
= Connarus rufulus Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 378 B. (1898)
= Connarus tonkinensis Lecomte; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 83 (1908)
species :
Connarus parameswaranii
Ramam. & Rajan; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 85: 390-391 (1988)
Distribution: India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Connarus patrisii
(DC.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 432 (1850)
Distribution: Colombia (Caqueta); Venezuela (Amazonas, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador (Napo); Peru (Loreto); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas)
82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus confertiflorus Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 193 (1871)
= Omphalobium patrisii DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 86 (1825), pro syn.
species :
Connarus pedicellatus
(Forero) C.Toledo; Willdenowia 51(2): 173 (2021)
Distribution: Surinam; Peru (Loreto); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
82 SUR 83 PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus erianthus var. pedicellatus Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 40 (1980)
= Connarus erianthus var. stipitatus Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 40 (1980)
species :
Connarus perrottetii
(DC.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 432 (1850)
Name: Tutumillo
Distribution: Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas)
82 FRG GUY SUR 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Omphalobium perrottetii DC.; Prod. 2: 86 (1825)
= Connarus floribundus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 435 (1850)
variant :
var. rufus
Forero; Brittonia 32(1): 41 (1980)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar, Delta Amacuro); Guyana
82 GUY VEN
species :
Connarus pickeringii
A.Gray; Bot. U. St. Expl. Exped. 1: 375 (1854)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Santa Cruz Isl.; Fiji
42 NWG 43 SOL 60 FIJ SCZ
species :
Connarus planchonianus
G.Schellenb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 375 (1927)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo
41 AND MYA NCB THA 42 BOR MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus grandis Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 2: 153 (1876) (non Jack, 1822)
species :
Connarus poilanei
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 29 (1952)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Connarus popenoei
Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 4: 307 (1929)
Distribution: Honduras (Atlántida, Yoro)
80 HON
species :
Connarus punctatus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 432 (1850)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Meta, Putumayo); Venezuela (Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)
82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus penningtonii Prance; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 15: 129 (1966)
= Connarus perturbatus Forero; Caldasia, 13(61): 7 (1980)
= Omphalobium magicum Mart. ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 189 (1871), pro syn.
species :
Connarus ramiflorus
C.Toledo & V.C.Souza; Syst. Bot. 43(3): 758 (2018)
Distribution: Brazil (Amazonas: Tefé)
84 BRA
Remarks: only known from type location
species :
Connarus regnellii
G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 114 (1925)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus renteriae
Carbonó, Forero & L.A.Vidal; Rev. Brasil. Bot. 7(1): 67 (1984)
Distribution: Colombia (Santander); Venezuela (Zulia)
82 CLM VEN
species :
Connarus reticulatus
Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. 84 (1866)
Name: Sangre de toro bejuco (Cuba)
Distribution: Cuba (Guantánamo, Holguín, Santiago de Cuba)
81 CUB
species :
Connarus revolutus
C.Toledo; Willdenowia 51(2): 177 (2021)
Distribution: Brazil (Espírito Santo, Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Connarus rostratus
(Vell.) L.B.Sm.; Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 45: 197 (1955)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Canicidia rostrata Vell.; Fl. Flum. 184 (1825) 4: t. 139 (1827)
= Connarus cymosus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 430 (1850)
= Connarus cymosus var. angustifolius Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 191 (1871)
= Connarus rostratus (Vell.) Seg.-Vianna & Trindade; Fl. Ecol. Rest. SE-Brazil 15: 21 (1970), isonym
species :
Connarus ruber
(Poepp.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 436 (1850)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Guainía, Meta, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus ruber var. sprucei (Baker) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 36: 116 (1983)
= Connarus sprucei Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 187 (1871)
= Omphalobium rubrum Poepp.; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 76. t. 288 (1845)
species :
Connarus salomoniensis
G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenreich, Connarac. 260 (1938)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, New Ireland); Solomon Isl. (incl. Bougainville)
42 NWG 43 BIS SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus peekelii G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 180 (1923)
species :
Connarus schultesii
Standl.; Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 9: 173 (1941)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Connarus sclerocarpus
(Wight & Arn.) G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 98 (1925)
Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Rourea sclerocarpa Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Or. 1: 262 (1834)
species :
Connarus semidecandrus
Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: n. VII. 39 (1822)
Distribution: Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Great Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Mon, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; ?Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.
40 BAN 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus amplifolius Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 377 D. (1898)
= Connarus asiaticus Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 (Willd.) 3(1): 692 (1800)
= Connarus balsahanensis Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 5: 1764 (1913)
= Connarus bankensis Burck; (1887)
= Connarus borneensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 69 (1918)
= Connarus ellipticus G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 98 (1925)
= Connarus floribundus Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India (Hook.f.) 2: 52 (1876)
= Connarus furfuraceus Blume; Mus. Bot. 1(17): 268 (1851)
= Connarus gibbosus Wall.; Numer. List no. 8541 ex Planch. in Linnaea 23: 436 (1850)
= Connarus gracilis Bakh.f.; Backer, Beknopte Fl. Java, Afl. 7: Fam. 154, 3 (1948), in clavi, et Blumea 6: 365 (1950)
= Connarus griffithii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 52 (1876)
= Connarus jackianus G.Schellenb.; Beibl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 131: 40 (1924)
= Connarus mekongensis Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. sub t. 377 (1898)
= Connarus moluccanus Zipp. ex Blume; Mus. Bot. 1(17): 266 (1851)
= Connarus monocarpus L.; Sp. Pl. 675 (1753)
= Connarus mutabilis Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 269 (1850)
= Connarus neurocalyx Planch.; Linnaea 23: 248 (1850)
= Connarus nigropunctus Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 30 (1952)
= Connarus obtusifolius Planch.; Linnaea 23: 428 (1850)
= Connarus pinnatus Lam.; Encycl. (Lam.) 2(1): 95 (1786)
= Connarus pyrrhocarpus Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 1: 530 (1861)
= Connarus quocensis Pierre; Fl. Cochinch. t. 377 A. (1898)
= Connarus wallichii Planch.; Linnaea 23: 426 (1850)
= Omphalobium indicum Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 217 (1788)
= Omphalobium pinnatum DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 86 (1825), Wall. Cat. n. 8532
variant :
var. gaudichaudii
(DC.) Fosberg; Micronesica. 11(1): 82 (1975)
Distribution: Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Ngarakabesang, Malakal, Ulebsechel, Urukthapel, Peleliu, Angaur); Fed. States of Micronesia (Truk, Moen)
62 MIC PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Omphalobium gaudichaudii DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 85 (1825)
= Connarus gaudichaudii (DC.) Planch.; Linnaea 23: 429 (1850)
species :
Connarus silvanensis
Cuatrec.; Fieldiana, Bot. 27: No. 2, 102 (1951)
Distribution: Panama (C- & E-Panama); Colombia (Chocó, Valle)
80 PAN 82 CLM
species :
Connarus staudtii
Gilg; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 208 (1896)
Distribution: SE-Nigeria; SW-Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; W-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; N-Angola
22 NGA 23 CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus macrourus Gilg ex Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 1: 518 (1928)
= Connarus macrourus Gilg ex G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 224 (1923)
= Connarus odoratissimus Gilg ex Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 1: 518 (1928)
= Connarus odoratissimus Gilg ex G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 58: 224 (1923)
species :
Connarus steyermarkii
Prance; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 15: 129 (1966)
Distribution: Venezuela (Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy)
82 VEN
species :
Connarus suberosus
Planch.; Linnaea 23: 433 (1850)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cnestidium lasiocarpum Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 195 (1871)
= Cnestis lasiocarpa Mart. ex Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 14(2): 195
= Connarus detersoides G.Schellenb.; Candollea 2: 118 (1925)
= Connarus fulvus Planch.; Linnaea 23: 434 (1850)
= Connarus suberosus var. fulvus (Planch.) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 36: 71 (1983)
species :
Connarus subfoveolatus
Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 15 (1918)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Connarus subinaequifolius
Elmer; Leaflets Philipp. Bot. 1: 297 (1908)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Dinagat)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus bracteatus Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 120 (1909)
variant :
var. sericeus
Leenh.; Fl. Males, ser. 1, 5: 530 (1958)
Distribution: Philippines (Batan, Luzon, Polillo)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus castaneus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 14: 403 (1919)
species :
Connarus thonningii
(DC.) G.Schellenb.; Engl. Pflanzenw. Afr. 3: 1. (Engl. & Drude, Veg. der Erde, ix.) 316 (1915), et Engl. Jahrb. 58: 224 (1923)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin
22 BEN GHA IVO TOG
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus floribundus Schumach. & Thonn.; C. F. Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 299 (1827)
= Connarus florulentus Thonn. ex DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 86 (1825)
= Connarus nemorosus Vahl ex Schumach. & Thonn.; C. F. Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl.: 299 (1827)
= Omphalobium thonningii DC.; Prod. (A. DC.) 2: 86 (1825)
species :
Connarus tomentosus
C.Toledo; Phytotaxa 415(1): 69 (2019)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia: Porto Seguro)
84 BRA
Remarks: known only from type location
species :
Connarus touranensis
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 30 (1952)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Connarus turczaninowii
Triana; Ann. Sci. Nat. Ser. V. 16: 364 (1872), nom. nov.
Distribution: Panama (Canal Zone)
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus panamensis Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 32: I. 277 (1859)
species :
Connarus venezuelanus
Baill.; Adansonia 9: 151 (1868 publ. 1870)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Bolivár, Merida, Monagas, Sucre)
82 VEN
species :
Connarus villosus
Jack; Malay. Misc. 2: n. VII. 38 (1822)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo
42 BOR SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus plumosostellatus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 72 (1918)
= Connarus tricholobus G.Schellenb.; Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Zürich 50: 75 (1910)
= Tricholobus fulvus Blume; Mus. Bot. 1: 237 (1850)
species :
Connarus whitfordii
Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 123 (1909)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Polillo, Biliran, Leyte, Samar, Mindanao, Bucas Grande)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus caudatus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 261 (1920) (1921)
= Connarus mindanaensis Merr.; Philipp. Journ. Sci. 4: 122 (1909)
= Connarus oliganthus Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3718 (1939), anglice.
species :
Connarus wightii
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 51 (1876)
Distribution: S-India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus ritchiei Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 51 (1876)
species :
Connarus williamsii
Britton; Britton et al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 22: 560 (1918)
Distribution: Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó)
80 PAN 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus allenii Steyerm.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 28: 430 (1941)
= Connarus williamsii var. allenii (Steyerm.) Forero; Fl. Neotrop. 36: 129 (1983)
species :
Connarus winkleri
G.Schellenb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: Beibl. 131, 38 (1924)
subspecies :
subsp. winkleri
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Connarus pachyphyllus Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 13: 71 (1918)
subspecies :
subsp. philippinensis
Leenh.; Blumea Suppl. 4 (1958)
Distribution: Philippines (Basilan)
42 PHI
species :
Connarus wurdackii
Prance; Brittonia 23(4): 443 (1971)
Distribution: Peru (Loreto); N-Brazil (Pará)
83 PER 84 BRA
species :
Connarus xylocarpus
L.A.Vidal, Carbonó & Forero; Rev. Brasil. Bot. 7(1): 68 (1984)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Remarks: known only from type specimen
species :
Connarus yunnanensis
G.Schellenb.; Engl., Pflanzenr. H. 103: 228 (1938)
Distribution: China (S-Guangxi, Yunnan); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI 41 MYA
