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491.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14337; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
491.5901 Genus Coutaportla Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 146 (1923)
Distribution: Mexico, Guatemala. To be included in Exostema fide Greuter & Rankin-Rodriguez (2022)
Species listed in database: 6
= Lorencea Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 45(1-2): 17 (2003)
species :
Coutaportla campanilla (DC.) Delprete; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 19(4): 528 (2025)
Name: Bocas Bark (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Martinique [I]; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Arauca, Atlántico, Bolívar, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Santander, Sucre, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Paraguari); Argentina (Corrientes, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 mar TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Bignonia triflora Pav. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 148 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Cinchona souzana (Mart.) Brign.; Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sci. Modena, Pt. Mem. Fis., Ser. 2, 1: 63 (1862)
= Coutarea alba Griseb.; Symb. Fl. Argent. 153 (1879)
= Coutarea campanilla DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 350 (1830)
= Coutarea corymbosa Brign.; Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sci. Modena, Pt. Mem. Fis., Ser. 2, 1: 69 (1862)
= Coutarea flavescens Sessé & Moc. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 350 (1830)
= Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 196 (1889)
= Coutarea hexandra f. albiflora Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 92 (1903)
= Coutarea hexandra f. grandiflora Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 92 (1903)
= Coutarea hexandra f. pubescens (Pohl) Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 298 (1972)
= Coutarea hexandra f. roseiflora Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 92 (1903)
= Coutarea hexandra f. tarapotensis K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 198 (1889)
= Coutarea hexandra var. amazonica K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 197 (1889)
= Coutarea hexandra var. calycina Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 92 (1903)
= Coutarea hexandra var. campanilla (DC.) Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 298 (1972)
= Coutarea hexandra var. fluminensis K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 197 (1889)
= Coutarea hexandra var. pubescens (Pohl) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 198 (1889)
= Coutarea hexandra var. speciosa (Aubl.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 197 (1889)
= Coutarea lindeniana Baill.; Adansonia 12: 300 (1879)
= Coutarea mollis Cham.; Linnaea 9: 259 (1834)
= Coutarea portlandia Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult. 2: 561 (1801), nom. superfl.
= Coutarea pubescens Pohl; Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 2: 148 (1833)
= Coutarea scherffiana André; Ill. Hort. 25: 120 (1878)
= Coutarea speciosa Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 314 (1775)
= Exostema souzanum Mart.; Reise Bras. [Spix & Martius] 2: 789 (1828)
= Gardenia hexagona Lem.; Ill. Hort. 16: 92 (1869)
= Portlandia acuminata Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 23 (1819)
= Portlandia hexandra Jacq.; Select. Stirp. Amer. Hist. 63 (1763)
= Portlandia speciosa Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 7: 381 (1880)
species :
Coutaportla ghiesbreghtiana (Baill.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 147 (1923)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Portlandia ghiesbreghtiana Baill.; Adansonia 12: 300 (1879)
species :
Coutaportla guatemalensis (Standl.) Lorence; Syst. Bot. 11: 210 (1986)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Portlandia guatemalensis Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 18: 162 (1928)
= Lorencea guatemalensis (Standl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 45: 17 (2003)
species :
Coutaportla helgae Pío-León, Torr.-Montúfar & H.Ávila; Acta Bot. Mex. 130(e2167): 3 (2023)
Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa)
79 MEX
species :
Coutaportla lorenceana Torr.-Montúfar, H.Ochot. & Art.Castro; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 156(1): 5, figs. 1-4 (2023)
Distribution: Mexico (Sinaloa)
79 MEX
species :
Coutaportla pailensis Villarreal; Sida 12: 223 (1987)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life