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291.0000 Family Capparaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 242 (1789), nom. cons.
33 genera, ca. 430 spp.
Species listed in database: 440
291.0122 Genus Crateva L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 444 (1753)
Distribution: tropics, except New Caledonia
Species listed in database: 17
= Farquharia Hilsenb. & Bojer ex Bojer; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 20: 57 (1843)
= Nevosmila Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 107 (1838)
= Othrys Noronha ex Thouars; Nov. Gen. Madag. [Thouars] 13 (1806)
= Triclanthera Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 108 (1838)
= Tapia Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
species :
Crateva adansonii DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. adansonii
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; N-Cameroon; Central African Republic; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; NE-Zambia
22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI MLI NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN UGA 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva guineensis Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 240 (1827)
= Crateva laeta DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
= Crateva religiosa var. brevistipitata De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 35 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. axillaris (C.Presl) Jacobs; Blumea 12: 200 (1964)
Distribution: India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Guimaras, Mindanao); Java (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Arch.); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Sumbawa)
40 IND SRL 42 JAW LSI mly PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva odora f. axillaris (C.Presl) Jacobs; Fl. Males., Ser. 1, Spermatoph. 6: 66 (1960)
= Crateva axillaris C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2(2): 85 (1835)
subspecies :
subsp. odora (Buch.-Ham.) Jacobs; Blumea 12: 198 (1964)
Distribution: Pakistan [I]; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
40 IND pak SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva odora Buch.-Ham.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15: 118 (1827)
= Crateva religiosa var. roxburghii (R.Br.) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 1.72 (1872)
= Crateva roxburghii R.Br.; Narr. Travels Africa [Denham & Clapperton], Append. 224 (1826)
= Crateva tapia subsp. odora (Buch.-Ham.) S.M.Almeida; Fl. Savantwadi 1: 44 (1990)
= Crateva tumulorum Miq.; Ill. Fl. Archip. Ind. 21 (1870)
species :
Crateva excelsa Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 16 (1837), et Bouton, Treiz. Rapp. Ann. Trav. Soc. Hist. Nat. Île Maurice, 46 (1842)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Farquharia excelsa Hilsenb. & Bojer ex Bojer; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 20: 57 (1843)
species :
Crateva falcata (Lour.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); S-Taiwan; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Capparis falcata Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 330 (1790)
= Capparis trifoliata Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 41, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 571 (1832)
= Crateva adansonii subsp. trifoliata (B.S.Sun) M.Jacobs; Blumea 12: 199 (1964)
= Crateva erythrocarpa Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 322 (1908)
= Crateva roxburghii var. erythrocarpa (Gagnep.) Gagnep.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] Suppl. 1: 517 (1939)
= Crateva trifoliata (Roxb.) B.S.Sun; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 32: 489 (1999)
= Triclanthera falcata (Lour.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 108 (1838)
species :
Crateva formosensis (Jacobs) B.S.Sun; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 32: 489 (1999)
Distribution: China (N-Guangdong, NE-Guangxi); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva adansonii subsp. formosensis Jacobs; Blumea 12: 200 (1964)
species :
Crateva greveana Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 466 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Crateva humblotii (Baill.) Hadj-Moust.; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 83: 12 (1965)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: insufficiently known
Synonyms: hidden
= Capparis humblotii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 463 (1885)
species :
Crateva hygrophila Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 41: 292 (1872)
Distribution: Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Mon, Taninthayi); peninsular Malaysia (once from Penang, poorly known species)
41 MYA 42 MLY
species :
Crateva magna (Lour.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan); S-Tibet; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; S-Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang); Sumatra; Borneo; Java
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN IND SRL 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Capparis magna Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 330 (1790)
= Crateva lophosperma Kurz; J. Bot. 12: 195 (1874), et ex Corner in Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 10: 17 (1939), descr. ampl.
= Crateva nurvala Buch.-Ham.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15: 121 (1827)
= Crateva religiosa var. nurvala (Buch.-Ham.) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 172 (1872)
= Triclanthera corymbosa Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 108 (1838)
species :
Crateva obovata Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 61 (1794)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Crateva palmeri Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 301 (1895)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva tapia f. palmeri (Rose) Jacobs; Blumea 12: 191 (1964)
species :
Crateva religiosa G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 35 (1786)
Distribution: Chad [I]; China (Guangdong, Hainan); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Melaka, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo (incl. Natuna Isl., Banggi Isl.); Sulawesi (incl. Kabaena Isl., Muna Isl.); Palawan; W-Java; Moluccas (Sula Arch., Talaud, Sula, Buru, E-Seram, Ambon, Kei Isl., Aru Isl., Tanimbar Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Ireland); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Queensland: Cape York peninsula); Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu); Fiji; American Samoa (Ofu, Olosega); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i, +´Upolu); Gilbert Isl. (Tarawa); Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea); Gambier Isl. (Mangareva); Austral Isl. [I]; Palau (Kayangel, Babeldaob, Koror, Malakal, Urukthapel, Ngeanges, Toirechuil, Peleliu, Sonsorol, Tobi); Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Fais, Eauripik, Woleai, Faraulep, Ifalik, Lamotrek, Satawal, Namonuito, Murilo, Nomwin, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Tol, Piis, Nama, Losap, Namoluk, Etal, Lukunor, Satawan, Nukuoro, Ant, Pohnpei)
24 cha 36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG PLW SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 ASA FIJ GIL SAM TON VAN 61 aui GBI SCI 62 MIC PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva brownii Korth. ex Miq.; Ill. Fl. Archip. Ind. 21 (1870)
= Crateva hansemannii K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 9: 201 (1887)
= Crateva macrocarpa Kurz; J. Bot. 12: 195 (1874)
= Crateva membranifolia Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 1: 387 (1861)
= Crateva speciosa Volkens; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 31(3): 463 (1901)
= Crateva tapia Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 109 (1768) (non L.)
= Crateva tapia Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 61 (1794) (non L.)
species :
Crateva simplicifolia J.S.Mill.; Novon 8(2): 168 (1998)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Crateva suaresensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 466 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: insufficiently known
species :
Crateva tapia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 444 (1753)
Name: Garlic pear tree (Jamaica), Gally pear, Garlic pear tree, Grand cosmaya (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Martinique; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Barbados; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Amazonas, Atlántico, Bolívar, Caquetá, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Valle, Vaupés, Vichada); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Central, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Formosa, Santa Fe)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ARU BBD BON CUR HIS JAM MAR STV trt VEN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Capparis radiatiflora (DC.) Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 5: t. 433 (1958) ex Lopez, Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 16: 387 (1958)
= Capparis trifoliata Spreng. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
= Cleome arborea Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 1: 707 (1821)
= Colicodendron obliquifolium Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 328 (1854 publ. 1855)
= Crateva acuminata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 243 (1825)
= Crateva arborea Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 707 (1821)
= Crateva bahiana Ule; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 202 (1908)
= Crateva benthamii Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(1): 265 (1865)
= Crateva benthamii var. leptopetala Eichler; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(1): 265 (1865)
= Crateva coriacea Herzog; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 52 (1909)
= Crateva glauca Lundell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 389 (1942)
= Crateva gynandra L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 1: 636 (1762)
= Crateva radiatiflora DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
= Crateva tapia var. glauca (Lundell) Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 55 (1944)
= Crateva tapioides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 243 (1824)
= Nevosmila arborea (Schrad.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 107 (1838)
species :
Crateva unilocularis Buch.-Ham.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15: 121 (1827)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Cambodia; Vietnam
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 CBD MYA VIE
species :
Crateva urbaniana R.Rankin; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 10(1): 20 (2005), nom. nov.
Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic
81 CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Crateva apetala Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7(4): 508 (1913) non (Roth) Spreng.
species :
Crateva yarinacochaensis Cornejo & Iltis; Harvard Pap. Bot. 13(1): 133 (2008)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.05 (May 23rd, 2025)

Covering 356,547 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,107 synonyms,
in total 1,416,616* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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