134.0000
Family
Iridaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 57 (1789), nom. cons.
70 genera, ca. 2500 spp.
Species listed in database: 2583; hybrids: 35
= Crocaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 266, 283 (1818)
= Galaxiaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 1: 72 (1836)
= Geosiridaceae Jonker; Receuil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 36: 477. seors. impr (1939), nom. cons.
= Gladiolaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 34 (1838)
= Isophysidaceae F.A.Barkley; Revista Fac. Nac. Agron. Medellin Univ. Antioquia 8: 152 (1948)
= Ixiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat.: 51 (1834)
134.6371
Genus
Crocus L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 36 (1753)
Distribution: Mediterranean, Asia Minor, few eastward to China and W-Pakistan. Molecular and cytogenetic research led to the recent description of many additional species.
Species listed in database: 255; hybrids: 3
= Crociris Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 4: (1853) 73 (Sert. Pl. Transs.)
= Safran Medik.; Act. Acad. Theod. Palat. 6: Phys. (1790) 473
= Geanthus Raf.; Specchio Sci. 1: 116 (1814)
species :
Crocus abantensis
T.Baytop & Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 30: 243 (1975)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bolu Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus abracteolus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 147 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia: Bolkar Mt.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus adamii
J.Gay; Mem. Bull. Ferussac, 25: 319 (1831)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Kartli, Khevsureti); Armenia; Azerbaijan; Northern Caucasus; ?NE-Turkey
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Remarks: SE-Balcans populations etc. belong to undescribed species fide Ruksans (2017)
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus annulatus Steph. ex Spreng. & Link; Jahrb. Gewächsk. 1(3): 69 (1820)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. adami (J.Gay) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 250 (1890)
= Crocus biflorus var. adami (J.Gay) Trautv.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 17: 330 (1859)
= Crocus biflorus var. violaceus Boiss.
= Crocus geghartii Sosn.; Bot. Sad. Akad. Nauk Armyanskol, 2: 8 (1949)
= Crocus violaceus (Boiss.) Bornm.; nom. illeg.
= Crocus violaceus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)
species :
Crocus adamioides
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 11 (2012)
Distribution: N-European Turkey (Kirklareli Prov.); Bulgaria
13 BUL TUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. adamii sensu B.Mathew; Crocus: 83 (1982) (non Gay)
species :
Crocus adanensis
T.Baytop & Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 30: 245 (1975)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia: Adana Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus aerius
Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 288 (1847)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia: Trabzon Prov.)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biliottii Maw; Gard. Chron. (1881) II. 303
= Crocus aerius var. stauricus Herb.
= Crocus pulchricolor Herb. ex Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 523
species :
Crocus akdagensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 76, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus akkayaensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 74, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus alatavicus
Semen. & Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(2): 434 (1868)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI
species :
Crocus albocoronatus
(Kernd.) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. albocoronatus Kernd.; Herbertia, 49(1-2): 79 1993 (1994)
species :
Crocus aleppicus
Baker; Gard. Chron. 1873: 609 (1873)
Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus gaillardotii Boiss. & C.I.Blanche ex Maw; Gard. Chron. 1879: 234 (1879)
= Crocus intromissus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 2 (1845)
species :
Crocus alexandri
Nicic ex Velen.; Sitzb. Bohm. Ges. Wiss. 39: 26 (1894)
Distribution: Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece
13 BUL GRC NMA
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. alexandri (Nicic ex Velen.) B.Mathew; Crocus: 85 (1982)
= Crocus biflorus f. alexandri (Nicic ex Velen.) L.Stjepanovic-Veselicic; Fl. SR Srbije, 8: 11 (1976)
species :
Crocus almehensis
Brickell & Mathew; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 98, 8: 360 (1973)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus ancyrensis
(Herb.) Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 16: 528 (1881)
Name: Ankara-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Turkey (C- & N-Anatolia); Germany [I]
11 ger 34 TUR
Remarks: Series Reticulati
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus reticulatus var. ancyrensis Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)
species :
Crocus angustifolius
Weston; Univ. Bot. 2: 238 (1771)
Name: Cloth of gold (EN), Goldbrokat-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Crimea; Ukraine; Armenia; USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], New York [I]); Germany [I]
11 ger 14 KRY UKR 33 ARM 75 usa
Remarks: Series Reticulati
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus fulvus Pall.
= Crocus reticulatus var. aureus Trautv.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 17: 329 (1859)
= Crocus revolutus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 136 (1812)
= Crocus roegnerianus K.Koch; Linnaea, 21: 634 (1848)
= Crocus susianus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. t. 652 (1803)
species :
Crocus antalyensioides
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 6 (2015)
Distribution: NW-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus antalyensis
Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 27: 327 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. antalyensis
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. striatus
Erol & Koçyigit; Nordic J. Bot. 28(2): 187 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. gemicii
Sik & Erol; Pl. Syst. Evol. 294(3-4): 284 (2011)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus antherotes
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 147 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Mugla Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus archibaldiorum
(Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. archibaldiorum Ruksans; Crocuses 59 (-60, pl. 25-26) (2010), nom. inval., et Alpine Gardener 80: 209 (2012)
species :
Crocus arizelus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 151 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Mugla Prov.: Gölgeli Mts.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus armeniensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [25] (2016)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus artvinensis
(J.Philippow) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza, 1: 248 (1928)
Distribution: NE-Turkey; Georgia [Caucasus] (Adzharia)
33 GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. artvinensis (J.Philippow) Mathew; Crocus: 84 (1982)
= Crocus biflorus var. artvinensis J.Philippow; Bot. Kab. Yalta 5: 26 (1917)
species :
Crocus asumaniae
Mathew; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 37: 469 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus asymmetricus
Erol; Phytotaxa 438(2): 74 (2020)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus atrospermus
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 74. 2015
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. atrospermus Kernd. & Pasche; Plantsman, n. s., 2: 86 (2003)
species :
Crocus autranii
Albov; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 1: 242 (1893)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)
33 GEO
species :
Crocus azerbaijanicus
Dolatyari & Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 58, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus babadagensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 7 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Lycia: Mugla Prov.: Babadag)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus balansae
Gay ex Baker; Gard. Chron. 1873: 680 (1873)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia); East Aegaean Isl.
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus olivieri subsp. balansae (Gay ex Baker) B.Mathew; Curtis´s Bot. Mag., 179(3): sub t. 639 (1973)
species :
Crocus banaticus
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)
Name: Siebenbürger Krokus, Siebenbürger Herbst-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: NC- & W-Romania; Serbia; W-Ukraine; Germany [I]
11 ger 13 ROM SRB 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus nudiflorus Schult.; Oestr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 101 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Crocus iridiflorus Heuff. ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 9: 10 (1847)
= Crocus herbertianus Körn.; Index Seminum (B), App.: 15 (1854)
species :
Crocus baytopiorum
Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 29: 88 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus bertiscensis
Raca, Harpke, Shuka & V.Randjel.; Pl. Biosystems 156(1): 37 (2020)
Distribution: Albania
13 ALB
species :
Crocus berytius
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 185 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Kahramanmaras)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus beydaglarensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 100 (2011)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus bifloriformis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 3-16 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Canakkale Prov.: Dededagi)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus biflorus
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 4 (1768)
Name: Zweiblütiger Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Greece; Italy; San Marino; Sicily; European Turkey; Serbia & Kosovo; Crimea; Ukraine; Turkey; East Aegaean Isl.; Germany [I]
11 ger 13 BUL GRC ITA SIC SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY UKR 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus argenteus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. 7: 431 (1830)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. argenteus (Sabine) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 250 (1890)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. pusillus (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)
= Crocus biflorus var. parkinsonii Sabine
= Crocus cinericius Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)
= Crocus circumscissus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 137 (1812)
= Crocus fussianus J.Gay ex Nyman; Consp. 705 (1882)
= Crocus italicus Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 88 (1828)
= Crocus lineatus Jan; Elench. 1 (1831)
= Crocus minimus Ten.; Fl. Med. 1: 24 (1822)
= Crocus nanus Herbich ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 441 (1840)
= Crocus parkinsonii (Sabine) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 441 (1840)
= Crocus praecox Haw.; Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2645 (1830)
= Crocus pusillus Ten.; Mem. Crochi Fl. Nap. 8. t. 1 (1826)
= Crocus striatus Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 48 (1821)
species :
Crocus boissieri
Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 16: 304 (1881)
Distribution: +Turkey (+SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Conservation Status: only once collected
species :
Crocus bolensis
(Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. bolensis Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 16 (2013)
species :
Crocus boryi
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)
Distribution: Greece; Crete; Albania
13 ALB GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus boryanus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. 28
= Crocus boryi subsp. cretensis (Körn.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)
= Crocus cretensis Körn.; Flora 39: 469 (1856)
= Crocus ionicus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) Misc. 3
= Crocus laevigatus subsp. boryi (J.Gay) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 250 (1890)
= Crocus marathonisius Heldr.; Atti Congr. Bot. Firenze, 1874 (1876) 235
species :
Crocus boulosii
Greuter; Candollea, 23: 45 (1968)
Distribution: Libya
20 LBY
species :
Crocus bowlesianus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 75, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus brachyfilus
I.Schneid.; Willdenowia 44(1): 46 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus brickellii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [7], photogr. (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus caelestis
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. caelestis Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 38(1): 179 (2006)
species :
Crocus calanthus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 153 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: White Mts.)
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus cambessedesii
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 25: 320 (1831)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cambessedesianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. 33
= Crocus cambessedianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) t. 37. f. 4
= Crocus magontanus J.J.Rodr.; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 3: 56 (1874)
= Crocus minimus subsp. cambessedesii (J.Gay) O.Bolòs, Molin. & P.Monts.; Acta Geobot. Barcinon. 5: 96 (1970)
species :
Crocus cancellatus
Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3864 (1841)
Distribution: S-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cancellatus var. kotschyanus Herb.
= Crocus cilicius Kotschy ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 16: 84 (1877)
= Crocus kotschyanus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 102, in syn.
= Crocus pylarum J.Gay ex Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 525 (1860)
species :
Crocus candidus
E.D.Clarke; Travels 2, 2: 145 (1812)
Distribution: Turkey (WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus fleischeri Baker; Gard. Chron. (1873) 680
= Crocus kirkii Maw; Gard. Chron. (1879) I. 234
= Crocus lagenaeflorus var. candidus (E.D.Clarke) Herb.
species :
Crocus cappadocicus
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 155 (2017)
Distribution: C-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. cappadocicus B.Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, 38(3): 393 (1980)
species :
Crocus caricus
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. caricus Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 36(1): 7 (2004)
species :
Crocus carpetanus
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 24 (1842)
Distribution: C- & NW-Spain; N-Portugal
12 POR SPA
species :
Crocus cartwrightianus
Herb.; Bot. Reg. 29, Misc: 82 (1843)
Distribution: Crete (incl. Kiklades); Greece; East Aegaean Isl.; Jordania (W-Jordania)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI JOR
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus graecus Chapp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 20: 193 (1873)
= Crocus pallasii Spruner ex Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 7: 103 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Crocus sativus subsp. cartwrightianus (Herb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 248 (1890)
= Crocus sativus var. cartwrightianus (Herb.) Maw
species :
Crocus caspius
Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 11: 252 (1838)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran); Azerbaijan (Talysh)
33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Crocus chiaicus
Dolatyari & Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 73, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: NW-Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus chionophilus
Dolatyari & Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 80, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: NW-Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus chrysanthus
(Herb.) Herb.; Bot. Reg. 29, Misc. 83 (1843)
Name: Kleiner Krokus, Balkan-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: E-Romania; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece; Macedonia; Serbia & Kosovo; European Russia; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); European Turkey; Germany [I]
11 ger 13 ALB BUL GRC NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 RUS 34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus annulatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. t. 3868 (1841)
= Crocus annulatus var. chrysanthus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3862 (1841)
= Crocus chrysanthus f. brunellus Stoj. & Kit.
= Crocus chrysanthus f. lilacinus Kitan. & Drenk.; Jordanov et al., Problems Balkan Il. & Veg.: 213 (1975)
= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. kesercioglui Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)
= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. multifolius Papan. & E.Zacharof; Bot. Notiser, 133(2): 157 (1980)
= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. punctatus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)
= Crocus chrysanthus var. atroviolaceus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)
= Crocus chrysanthus var. bicoloraceus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 424 (2013)
= Crocus chrysanthus var. bornmulleri Kitan. & Drenk.; Jordanov et al. Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 214 (1975)
= Crocus chrysanthus var. brunellus (Stoj. & Kitan.) Kitan. & Drenk.; Jordanov et al., Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 214 (1975)
= Crocus croceus K.Koch; Linnaea, 19: (1847) 7
= Crocus skorpili Velen.; Fl. Bulgar. 537 (1891), et Sitz. Bohm. Ges., 8: 12 (1910 publ. 1911)
= Crocus sulphureus Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 373 (1846), nom. illeg.
species :
Crocus clusii
Gay; Bull. Ferussac, 25: 320 (1831)
Distribution: W-Portugal; ?W-Spain
12 POR
Remarks: serotinus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus serotinus subsp. clusii (Gay) Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 32: 46 (1977)
species :
Crocus cobbii
Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Stapfia 113: 31 (2022)
Distribution: Portugal (Tras-os-Montes); Spain (Castilla y Leon)
12 POR SPA
Remarks: serotinus agg.
species :
Crocus coloreus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 157 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Aydin Mts.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus concinnus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 101: 10 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus corsicus
Vanucci ex Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 10: 367 (1878)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus insularis Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29: t. 21 (1843), nom. illeg.
species :
Crocus crewei
Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 6168 (1875)
Distribution: S-Greece (Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl.; W-Turkey
13 GRC 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. crewei (Hook.f.) Mathew; Crocus: 81 (1982)
species :
Crocus cvijicii
Kosanin; Glas Srpske Kralj. Akad. 119: 23 (1926)
Distribution: N-Macedonia; E-Albania; S-Serbia; N-Greece
13 ALB GRC NMA SRB
species :
Crocus cyprius
Boiss. & Kotschy; Unger & Kotschy, Insel Cypern 203 (1865)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains)
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aerius var. cyprius (Boiss. & Kotschy) Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 83 (1877)
= Crocus cambessedesii Klatt; Linnaea, 34: 1865 (1866) 684
species :
Crocus dalmaticus
Vis.; Fl. Dalm. 1: 119 (1842)
Distribution: Montenegro; N-Albania; Croatia; ?Kosovo
13 ALB CRO MNT
species :
Crocus damascenus
Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) Misc. 1
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, C-Anatolia); W-Syria; N-Iraq; W-Iran
34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cancellatus subsp. damascenus (Herb.) Mathew; Crocus: 68 (1982)
= Crocus dianthus K.Koch; Linnaea, 21: 634 (1848)
= Crocus edulis Boiss. & Blanch. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 101 (1882)
species :
Crocus danfordiae
Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 16: 781 (1881)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus danubensis
Kernd., Pasche, Randjel. & V.Randjel.; Turkish J. Bot. 38(6): (2014)
Distribution: Serbia; S-European Russia (Azov region); Bulgaria
13 BUL SRB 14 RUS
Remarks: Series Reticulati
species :
Crocus demirizianus
Erol & Can; Nordic J. Bot. 30(6): 665 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus dilekyarensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 20 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus dispathaceus
Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colch. 184, indice (1924)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); N-Syria
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus pallasii subsp. dispathaceus (Bowles) Mathew; Crocus: 54 (1982)
species :
Crocus dolatyarii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 149: 70, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus duncanii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 73: [10] (2016)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus elegans
(Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. elegans Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 18 (2013)
species :
Crocus erolii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 56, photogrs., map (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus etruscus
Parl.; Fl. Ital. 3: 228 (1860)
Name: Etruskischer Krokus
Distribution: WC-Italy (Arcipelago Toscano and adjoining mainland)
13 ITA
Remarks: Series Verni
species :
Crocus fauseri
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 99 (2011)
Distribution: Turkey (Mugla)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus fibroannulatus
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: NE-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. fibroannulatus Kernd. & Pasche; Linz. Biol. Beitr, 29(1): 594 (1997)
species :
Crocus filis-maculatis
Kernd. & Pasche; Turkish J. Bot. 38(6): 1195 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey (Adana)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus flavus
Weston; Univ. Bot. 2: 237 (1771)
subspecies :
subsp. flavus
Name: Gold-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: S-Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Albania; Serbia & Kosovo; ?Macedonia; Crimea; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); European Turkey; USA [I] (Utah [I]); Germany [I]
11 ger 13 ALB BUL GRC ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY 34 TUR 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aureus Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 24 (1806)
= Crocus floribundus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 133 (1812)
= Crocus lacteus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. 7: 432 (1830)
= Crocus lageniflorus Salisb.; Parad. Lond. t. 106 (1808)
= Crocus luteus Lam.; Tabl. Encyc. 1: 106 (1791)
= Crocus maesiacus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 652
= Crocus mesiacus Hort. ex Pasq.; Cat. Orto Bot. Nap. 33 (1867)
= Crocus moesiacus Ker Gawl.; Irid. Gen. 76 (1827)
= Crocus sulphureus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 24: t. 938 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. atticus
Kit Tan, Zograf. & Mermygkas; Phytol. Balcan. 20(1): 123 (2014)
Distribution: Greece (Attiki)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. dissectus
T.Baytop & B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 30(2): 241 (1975)
Distribution: W-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus mouradii Whittall; The Garden, 35: 373 (1889)
subspecies :
subsp. sarichinarensis
Rukšans; Crocuses 157 (pl. 214-215) (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus fleischeri
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 319 (1831)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); East Aegaean Isl.
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus candidus Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 13: 17 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Crocus fleischerianus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. 2: 278 (1847)
= Crocus parviflorus Baker; J. Bot. 14: 266 (1876)
= Crocus penicillatus Steud. ex Baker; Gard. Chron. (1881) II. 680
= Crocus sennii Caval.; Malpighia 34: 182 (1935)
= Crocus smyrnensis Poech; Enum. Pl. Cypr.: 11 (1842)
species :
Crocus gargaricus
Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3866 (1841)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aureus Clarke; Trav. 2: 146 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Crocus gargaricus var. citrinus Herb.
= Crocus gargaricus var. panchrysus Herb.
species :
Crocus gembosii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [29] (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus georgei
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [40] (2016)
Distribution: Greece (Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: status doubtful fide Strid & Kit Tan 2017, hardly distinct from C. nivalis
species :
Crocus gilanicus
Mathew; Rech. f., Fl. Iranica 112: 11, t. 1 (1975)
Distribution: Iran (NW-Iran: Iranian Azerbaijan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus goulimyi
Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 10: 59 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. goulimyi
Distribution: S-Greece (Lakonia, near Areopolis)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus goulimyi f. albus B.Mathew; Kew Mag., 1(2): 73 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. leucanthus
(B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Bot. Chronika, 13: 257 (2000)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus goulimyi var. leucanthus B.Mathew; Ann. Mus. Goulandris, 9: 168 (1994 publ. 1995)
species :
Crocus graveolens
Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Fl. 5: 107 (1882)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus lagenaeflorus var. syriacus Herb.
species :
Crocus gunae
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 14 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus guneri
(Yüzb.) Ruksans; World Crocuses 231 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus ancyrensis subsp. guneri Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 266(3): 220 (2016)
species :
Crocus hadriaticus
Herb.; Bot. Reg. 31, Misc: 82 (1845)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); Albania
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cartwrightianus var. leucadensis Herb.
= Crocus hadriaticus f. lilacinus B.Mathew; Kew Mag., 2(3): 311 (1985)
= Crocus hadriaticus f. parnassicus B.Mathew; Kew Mag., 2(3): 311 (1985)
= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. parnassicus (B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Bot. Chronika, 13: 260 (2000), et in Bulb Newsl., 32: 7 (2000)
= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. parnonicus B.Mathew; Bot. Chronika, 13: 259 (2000)
= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. peloponnesiacus (Orph.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 248 (1890)
= Crocus hadriaticus var. chrysobelonicus Herb.
= Crocus hadriaticus var. saundersianus Herb.
= Crocus nivalis Klatt; Linnaea, 34: 1865 (1866) 720
= Crocus peloponnesiacus Orph.; Boiss. Diagn. Ser. Il. 4: 95 (1859)
species :
Crocus hakkariensis
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 236 (2017)
Distribution: SE-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. hakkariensis B.Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, 38(3): 393 (1980)
species :
Crocus harpkeae
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 125: [10], photogrs. (2020)
Distribution: Turkey (Adana)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus hartmannianus
Holmboe; Veg. Cypr., Bergens Mus. Skr. N. S. 1: 54 (1914)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus)
34 CYP
species :
Crocus harveyi
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [18] (2017)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Crocus hatayensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 108: [48], photogrs. (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus haussknechtii
(Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) Boiss.; Fl. 5: 100 (1882)
Distribution: Iran; Iraq; Palestine
34 IRN IRQ PAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus sativus var. haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw
= Crocus pallasii subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) B.Mathew; Pl. Syst. Evol., 128(1-2): 99 (1977)
species :
Crocus heilbronniorum
Erol; Phytotaxa 298(2): 175 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus henrikii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [22], photogr. (2014)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus herbertii
(B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Plantsman n. s., 8(1): 57 (2009)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus gargaricus subsp. herbertii B.Mathew; Kew Mag., 1(2): 72 (1984)
species :
Crocus hermoneus
Kotschy ex Maw; Gard. Chron. (1881) II. 559
subspecies :
subsp. hermoneus
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus thiebauti Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, ci. 422 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. palaestinus
Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot., 26(4): 180 (1977)
Distribution: Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR
species :
Crocus heuffelianus
Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. 2: 273 (1847)
Distribution: Austria; ?NE-Italy; Slovenia; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Serbia & Kosovo; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Croatia; Macedonia; Poland; Romania; W-Ukraine; England [I]; USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], Oregon [I], Utah [I]); Canada [I] (Ontario [I])
10 grb 11 AUT CZE HUN POL SLO 13 BIH CRO MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa
Remarks: Series Verni. Assignment of most synonyms (which were formerly listed under "C. vernus" tentatively
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus albiflorus subsp. heuffelianus (Herb.) Suess.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. ed. 2, 2: 396 (1939)
= Crocus albiflorus subsp. neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Suess.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. ed. 2, 2: 396 (1939)
= Crocus babiogorensis Zapal.; Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 185 (1906)
= Crocus banaticus Heuff.; Flora, 18: (1835) 255, nom. illeg.
= Crocus banaticus var. scepusiensis Rehmann & Wol.
= Crocus candidus Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 23 (1857)
= Crocus discolor Reuss; Kvet. Slov. (1853) 413
= Crocus duplex Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)
= Crocus exiguus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsyl. 652 (1866)
= Crocus grandiflorus Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz: 41 (1839)
= Crocus heuffelianus subsp. scepusiensis (Rehmann & Wol.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rer. Nat. Bohem. Occid., Bot., 21: 16 (1984)
= Crocus indivisus J.A.Richt.; Corresp. Ver. Naturk. Presb. 2: 198 (1863)
= Crocus latifolius Stokes; Bot. Comm. 1: 199 (1830)
= Crocus longiflorus Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz: 40 (1838), nom. illeg., non Raf.
= Crocus multiflorus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 652 (1866)
= Crocus nervifolius Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 10: 16 (1832)
= Crocus obovatus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 133 (1812)
= Crocus parviflorus (J.Gay) E.H.L.Krause; J. Sturm, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 128 (1906), nom. illeg.
= Crocus pictus (Sabine) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 441 (1840)
= Crocus purpureus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)
= Crocus reineggeri Opiz; Naturalientausch 10: 262 (1825)
= Crocus scepusiensis (Rehmann & Wol.) Borbás ex Kulcz.; Fl. Polska, 1: 149 (1919)
= Crocus sylvester Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 151 (1902)
= Crocus uniflorus Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 3: 90 (1852)
= Crocus veluchensis subsp. exiguus (Schur) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 249 (1890)
= Crocus vernus ¿nothosubsp. fritschii (Derganc) Govaerts; World Checklist Seed Pl. 3(1): 20 (1999)
= Crocus vernus subsp. scepusiensis (Rehmann & Wol.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(3-4): 203 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Crocus vernus var. parviflorus J.Gay
= Crocus vernus var. pictus Sabine
= Crocus vittatus Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 22 (1857) non Raf.
= Crocus ×fritschii Derganc; Österr. Bot. Z. 47: 18 (1897)
= Ixia vernalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 33 (1796)
species :
Crocus hittiticus
T.Baytop & Mathew; Kew Bull. 30 (2): 244 (1975)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Mersin)
34 TUR
Remarks: Series Reticulati
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus reticulatus subsp. hittiticus (T.Baytop & Mathew) Mathew; Crocus: 72 (1982)
species :
Crocus homeri
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 72, photogrs (2021)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus hyemalis
Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 4: 93 (1859)
Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
species :
Crocus ibrahimii
(Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. ibrahimii Ruksans; Alpine Gardener 80: 210 (2012)
species :
Crocus ilgazensis
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 259 (2017)
Distribution: N-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. ilgazensis B.Mathew; Crocus: 111 (1982)
species :
Crocus ilvensis
Peruzzi & Carta; Nordic J. Bot. 29(1): 7 (2011)
Distribution: Italy (Elba Isl.)
13 ITA
Remarks: Series Verni
species :
Crocus imperati
Ten.; Mem. Crochi Fl. Nap. 10 (1826)
Distribution: S-Italy; USA [I] (New York [I])
13 ITA 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus suaveolens subsp. imperati (Ten.) Colas.; Fl. Ital. [Pignatti] 4: 919 (2019)
= Crocus imperatonianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3998 (1843)
= Crocus incurvus Donn ex Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 441 (1840)
= Crocus neapolitanus Ten.; Cat. Sem. (1815) Collect. Adn. 11
= Crocus recurvus Haw.; Loudon Hort. Brit. Suppl. 1: 586 (1850)
= Crocus reflexus Donn; Hort. Cantab. ed. IV. II (1807)
species :
Crocus incognitus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 156 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Boz Mts.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus inghamii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 89: [11] (2017)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Crocus ionopharynx
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. ionopharynx Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 36(1): 6 (2004)
species :
Crocus iranicus
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 23 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus isauricus
Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colch. 126 (1924)
Distribution: S-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. isauricus (Siehe ex Bowles) Mathew; Crocus: 82 (1982)
species :
Crocus istanbulensis
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 271 (2017)
Distribution: NW-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus olivieri subsp. istanbulensis B.Mathew; Crocus: 99 (1982)
species :
Crocus jablanicensis
Randjel. & V.Randjel.; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(1-2): 99 (2012)
Distribution: Macedonia
13 NMA
Remarks: veluchensis agg.
species :
Crocus jostii
Ruksans & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 152: [8], photogr. (2022)
Distribution: Macedonia; Kosovo
13 KOS NMA
Remarks: veluchensis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus veluchensis var. micranthus Randj. & A.D.Hill; (1990) nom. inval.
species :
Crocus kangalensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 182 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Sivas)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus karamanensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 146 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Karaman Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus karduchorum
Kotschy ex Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 16: 234 (1881)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus kartaldagensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 174 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Gaziantep)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus katrancensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 75, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus keltepensis
Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 418(2): 231 (2019)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus kerndorffiorum
Pasche; Herbertia, 49(1-2): 67 (1993 publ. 1994)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus kofudagensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 13 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus korolkowii
Maw & Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 499 (1879)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Turkmenistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Herat, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan (Chitral)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK
species :
Crocus kosaninii
Pulevic; Glasn. Rep. Zavoda Zast. Prir. (Titograd) 9: 40 (1976)
Distribution: Serbia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 SRB
Remarks: Series Verni
species :
Crocus kotschyanus
K.Koch; Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 17 (1853)
Name: Ring-Herbst-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Germany [I]
11 ger 34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus kotschyi Lenné & K.Koch; Verh. Berl. Gartenb. Ver. II. 1: 398 (1853)
= Crocus zonatus Gay; Tchich. Asie Min. Bot. 2: 525 ex Klatt (1860)
species :
Crocus kurdistanicus
(Maroofi & Assadi) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [3], photogr. (2014)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus danfordiae subsp. kurdistanicus Maroofi & Assadi; Iranian J. Bot. 9: 234 (2002)
species :
Crocus laevigatus
Bory & Chaub.; Bory, Expéd. Sci. Morée (2): t. 3, fig. 2 (1832)
Distribution: Greece (S-Greece, SC-Greece); Crete; East Aegaean Isl.
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus laevigatus subsp. pumilus Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 26 (2013)
= Crocus pumilus (Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 59: 15 (2014)
species :
Crocus lazicus
Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 5: 97 (1882)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus scharojanii subsp. lazicus (Boiss.) B.Mathew; Plantsman, n. s., 1: 51 (2002)
species :
Crocus leichtlinii
(Dewar) Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colchicum ed. 1: 142 (1924)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus var. leichtlinii Dewar; Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 9: 235 (1891)
species :
Crocus leucostylosus
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. leucostylosus Kernd. & Pasche; Plantsman, n. s., 2: 87 (2003)
species :
Crocus ligusticus
Mariotti; Candollea, 43(2): 674 (1988)
Distribution: NW-Italy; SE-France (SW-Alps)
12 FRA 13 ITA
species :
Crocus longiflorus
Raf.; Caratt. 84 t. 19. f. 2. n. 203 (1810)
Distribution: SW-Italy; Sicily; Malta
13 ITA MLT SIC
Remarks: Series Verni
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus odorus Biv.; Stirp. Rar. Sicil. Manip. 3: 8 (1815)
= Crocus odorus Vis.; Stirp. Dalmat. Spec.: 32 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Crocus serotinus Bertol.; Nouv. Coll. Opusc. Sc. 2: 150, nom. illeg.
= Crocus wilhelmii Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
species :
Crocus lyciotauricus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 153 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Lycian coastal mts.)
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus lycius
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 16 (2015)
Distribution: S-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cancellatus subsp. lycius B.Mathew; Crocus: 69 (1982)
species :
Crocus lydius
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 101 (2011)
Distribution: Turkey (Manisa Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus malatyensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 179 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Malatya)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus malyi
Vis.; Mem. Ist. Veneto 16: 221 (1871)
Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro (Velebit Planina and borders of Crna Gora and Hercegovina)
13 CRO MNT
species :
Crocus marandicus
Dolatyari & Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 51, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus marasensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 175 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Kahramanmaras)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus mathewii
Kernd. & Pasche; New Plantsman, 1(2): 102 (1994)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus mawii
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 145 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Konya Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus mazziaricus
Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) Misc. 3
Distribution: Albania; Greece; Macedonia; Turkey (NW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, C-Turkey); East Aegaean Isl.
13 ALB GRC NMA 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus (Herb.) Mathew; Crocus: 69 (1982)
= Crocus nudiflorus Sm.; J. Sibthorp & J. E. Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 23 (1806), nom. illeg.
= Crocus schimperi J.Gay ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc. 16: 84 (1877)
= Crocus spruneri Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Ser. I. 7: 103 (1846)
species :
Crocus mediotauricus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 150 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Geyik Mts.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus melantherus
Boiss. ex Maw; Gard. Chorn. (1881) 2: 749
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. melantherus Boiss. & Orph. ex B.Mathew; Crocus: 81 (1982)
= Crocus melantherus (Boiss. & Orph. ex B.Mathew) Peruzzi; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 137 (2016), comb. illeg.
species :
Crocus mersinensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 3 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Icel Prov.: Pusatli Dagi)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus michelsonii
B.Fedtsch.; Fl. Turkmen. 1, 2: 328 (1932)
Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran); Turkmenistan
32 TKM 34 IRN
species :
Crocus micranthus
Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. II. 4: 95 (1859)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Cilicia)
34 TUR
Remarks: Series Reticulati
species :
Crocus minimus
DC.; Redouté, Liliacies 2: t. 81 (1804)
Name: Kleinster Krokus (DE)
Distribution: S-Corsica; Sardinia; Germany [I]
11 ger 12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus insularis J.Gay; Bull. Ferussac, 25: 321 (1831)
= Crocus nanus Duby; Syn. Gall. ed. I. 168 (1828)
species :
Crocus minutus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 3 (2011)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus moabiticus
Bornm.; & Dinsm., Feddes Repert. 10: 383 (1912)
Distribution: Jordania (S-Jordania)
34 JOR
species :
Crocus muglaensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [14], photogr. (2014)
Distribution: Turkey (Mugla)
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus multicostatus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 155 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Lydian Bozdaglar)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus munzurense
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 179 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Erzincan)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus musagecitii
Erol & Yildirim; Phytotaxa 239(3): 227 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus mysius
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 10 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Balikesir Prov.: SE Balikesir)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus naqabensis
Al-Eisawi & Kiswani; Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 19: 167 (2001)
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus neglectus
Peruzzi & Carta; Pl. Syst. Evol. 301(1): 322 (2014)
Name: Übersehener Krokus, Toskanischer Frühlingskrokus (DE)
Distribution: NC-Italy (Liguria, Toscana, Emilia-Romagna); San Marino; Germany [I]; France [I]; Austria [I]; Czech Republic [I]
11 aut cze ger 12 fra 13 ITA SMA
Remarks: Series Verni. Frequently cultivated and escaped, treated often as "Crocus vernus".
species :
Crocus nerimaniae
Yüzb.; Plantsman 3: 104 (2004)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus nevadensis
Amo & Campo; Revis. Prog. Cienc. Madr. 5: 55, 57 (1871)
Distribution: EC- & SE-Spain; Algeria; Morocco
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus algeriensis Baker; Gard. Chron. (1877) I. 45
= Crocus atlanticus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 383 (1874)
= Crocus marcetii Pau; Butll. Inst. Catal. Hist. Nat., 9: 24 (1909)
= Crocus nevadensis subsp. marcetii (Pau) P.Monts.; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid, 38(1): 249 (1981)
= Crocus versicolor subsp. marcetii (Pau) G.Monts.; Soc. Ech. Pl. Vasc. Eur Occid. Bassin Medit. II. Bull., fasc. no. 15: 87 1972-(1973 publ. 1974)
= Crocus versicolor var. aragonensis G.Monts.; Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit. 15: 88 (1972-1973 publ. 1974)
species :
Crocus nivalis
Bory & Chaub.; Exped. Moree, 21. t. 2. f. 1 (1832)
Distribution: Albania; Bulgaria; Greece; Macedonia; East Aegaean Isl.
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus athous Bornm.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n. f., 51: 344 (1944)
= Crocus atticus (Boiss. & Orph.) Orph.; Bull. Congr. Bot. Petersb. 1869: 118 (1870)
= Crocus atticus subsp. nivalis (Bory & Chaub.) Ruksans; Crocuses 173 (2010)
= Crocus atticus subsp. sublimis (Herb.) Ruksans; Crocuses 171 (2010)
= Crocus maudii K.Malý; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosni Hercegovini 48: 28 (1936), no latin descr.
= Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus (Boiss. & Orph.) B.Mathew; Crocus: 65 (1982)
= Crocus sieberi subsp. nivalis (Bory & Chaub.) B.Mathew; Crocus: 66 (1982)
= Crocus sieberi subsp. sublimis (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus: 66 (1982)
= Crocus sieberi var. atticus Boiss. & Orph.; P. E. Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., II, 4: 44 (1859)
= Crocus sublimis Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) Misc. 81
= Crocus thessalus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 17 (1854)
= Crocus vaclavii Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 22 (2013)
species :
Crocus niveus
Bowles; Gard. Cliron. ser. 3, 28: 335 (1900)
Distribution: S-Greece (S-part of Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
species :
Crocus novicii
V.Randjel. & Miljkovic; Phytotaxa 265(1): 41 (2016)
Distribution: Albania
13 ALB
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus nubigenus
Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. 81
Name: Zweiblütiger Safran (DE); Silvery Crocus; Dutch Crocus (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Karpathos); Turkey (W-Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. nubigena (Herb.) Mathew; Crocus: 82 (1982)
species :
Crocus nudiflorus
Sm.; Sowerby, Engl. Bot. 7: t. 491 (1798)
Name: Pyrenäen-Krokus, Pyrenäen-Herbst-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: SW-France; N-, E- & C-Spain; Andorra; NW-Italy; England [I]; Germany [I]
10 grb 11 ger 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: serotinus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aphyllus Ker Gawl.; Ann. Bot. (König & Sims) 1: 222 (1805)
= Crocus fimbriatus Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyr. 22 (1813)
= Crocus medius Balb.; Add. Fl. Pedem. Elenco 83 (1801)
= Crocus multifidus G.Bergeret; J. Bergeret, Fl. Basses-Pyrénées: 131 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Crocus multifidus Ramond; Bull. Soc. Philom. 2: (1800) 129. t. 8
= Crocus nudiflorus subsp. medius R.C.V.Douin; Fl. Ill. France 10: 104 (1929)
= Crocus pyrenaeus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. 2: 255 (1847)
species :
Crocus ochroleucus
Boiss. & Gaill.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 4: 93 (1859)
Distribution: Israel (N-Israel); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)
34 ISR LEB
species :
Crocus olivieri
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 25: 319 (1831)
Distribution: Albania; Bulgaria; Greece; Macedonia; ?Serbia & Kosovo; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); East Aegaean Isl.; European Turkey
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 13: 16 (1854)
= Crocus candidus var. mountainii Hort.
= Crocus olivieri f. balcanicus Kitan. & Drenk.; Jordanov et al. Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 213 (1975)
= Crocus sulphureus Klatt; Linnaea, 34: 1865 (1866) 676
= Crocus suterianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) Misc. 5
= Crocus syriacus Tchich.; Asie Min. Bot. 2: 522 (1860)
species :
Crocus oreocreticus
B.L.Burtt; Phyton (Austria) 1: 224 (1949)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
species :
Crocus oreogenus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 155 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Bey Daglari)
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus orphei
Karampl. & Constantin.; Turkish J. Bot. 38(6): 1196 (2014)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Phalakron)
13 GRC
Remarks: Series Reticulati
species :
Crocus pallasii
Goldb.; Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou 5: 157 (1817)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Romania; Greece; Crimea; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); East Aegaean Isl.; European Turkey; Iran (W-Iran); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jazira)
13 BUL GRC ROM TUE 14 KRY 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus campestris Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1843) Misc. 30
= Crocus elwesii (Maw) O.Schwarz; Fedde, Repert. 36: 74 (1934)
= Crocus hybernus Friv.; Griseb. Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 374 (1846)
= Crocus libanoticus Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 422 (1955)
= Crocus macedonicus Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 24 (2013)
= Crocus macrobolbos Jovet & Gomb.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 103: 460 (1956)
= Crocus olbanus Siehe; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 12: 1 (1906)
= Crocus pallasianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 3, f. 2 (1844)
= Crocus sativus subsp. pallasii (Maw) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 248 (1890)
= Crocus sativus var. elwesii Maw
= Crocus thiebautii Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 422 (1955)
species :
Crocus pamphylicus
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 17 (2015)
Distribution: S-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus cancellatus subsp. pamphylicus B.Mathew; Crocus: 69 (1982)
species :
Crocus paschei
Kernd.; Herbertia, 49(1-2): 76 (1993 publ. 1994)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus pelistericus
Pulevic; Glasn. Rep. Zavoda Zast. Prir. (Titograd) 9: 39 (1976)
Distribution: Macedonia; N-Greece; Albania
13 ALB GRC NMA
species :
Crocus pelitensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 175 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Adana)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus pestalozzae
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 13: 17 (1853)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); European Turkey
13 TUE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus var. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. 5: 112 (1882)
= Crocus biflorus var. nubigenus ¿subvar.pestalozzae (Boiss.) Maw
species :
Crocus polyanthus
Grossh.; Trud. Bot. Inst., Akad. Nauk SSSR, Azerb. Fil., Baku, 2: 251 (1936)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh)
33 AZE
Remarks: possibly a synonym of C. speciosus
species :
Crocus ponticus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 183 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Rize)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus pseudoiranicus
Dolatyari & Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 65, photogrs. (2022)
Distribution: W-Iran (Kurdistan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus pseudonubigena
(B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 138 (2016)
Distribution: SE-Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. pseudonubigena B.Mathew; Crocus: 83 (1982)
species :
Crocus pulchellus
Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3862 (1841)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Greece; Serbia & Kosovo; ?Macedonia; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); East Aegaean Isl.; European Turkey
13 BUL GRC SRB TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus constantinopolitanus Hertoldt ex Maw
= Crocus speciosus Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 374
species :
Crocus pulchricolor
(Herb.) Herb. ex Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. 2: 523 (1860)
Distribution: NW-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus aerius var. pulchricolor (Herb.) Herb.
= Crocus biflorus subsp. pulchricolor (Herb.) Mathew; Crocus: 85 (1982)
= Crocus sibthorpianus var. pulchricolor Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 5 (1845)
species :
Crocus punctatus
(B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 138 (2016)
Distribution: SW-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. punctatus B.Mathew; Crocus: 83 (1982)
species :
Crocus puringii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [22] (2016)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus randjeloviciorum
Kernd., Pasche, Harpke & Raca; Biol. Nyssana 8(1): 10, figs. 1-4 (2017)
Distribution: Serbia; Bulgaria
13 BUL SRB
species :
Crocus rechingeri
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 101: 9 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus reinhardii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 19 (2015)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus reticulatus
Steven ex Adams; Weber f. & Mohr, Beitr. Naturk. 1: 45 (1805) s. str.
Name: Netz-Krokus
Distribution: C-European Russia; E-European Russia; W-Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Hungary [I]
11 hun 14 RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS
Remarks: Series Reticulati
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus bulbocodium Pall.; Ind. Taur. ex M. Bieb. Fl. Taur. Caucasus 1: 28, non L.
= Crocus luteus M.Bieb.; Casp. 82 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Crocus vittatus Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 123 (1840)
species :
Crocus rhodensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 34 (2015)
Name: Rhodischer Krokus (DE); Rhodian Crocus (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos: Profitis Ilias: Symi)
34 EAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name; a local form of C. biflorus
species :
Crocus robertianus
C.D.Brickell; Jour. Roy. Hort. Soc. 98: 362 (1973)
Distribution: N-Greece (Pindhos Oros)
13 GRC
species :
Crocus romuleoides
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 174 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Adyaman)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus roseoviolaceus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 2 (-3) (2011)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus rujanensis
Randjel. & D.A.Hill; Kew Mag., 7(4): 184 (1990)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina
13 BIH
Remarks: near C. sieberi
species :
Crocus ruksansii
Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [7] (2017)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Crocus sakaltutanensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [37] (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus sakariensis
(Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. sakariensis Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 14 (2013)
species :
Crocus salurdagensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 77, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus salzmannii
Gay; Bull. Ferussac, 25: 320 (1831)
Distribution: Algeria; Morocco
20 ALG MOR
Remarks: serotinus agg. Bona sp. fide Kerndorff & Harpke 2022
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus salzmannianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3868 (1841)
= Crocus serotinus subsp. salzmannii (Gay) Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 32: 46 (1977)
species :
Crocus samarasii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 82, photogrs, map (2021)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus sanandajensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 7, figs. 1-3 (2017)
Distribution: Iran (Zagros Mts.)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus sarichinarensis
(Ruksans) Ruksans; World Crocuses 442 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus flavus subsp. sarichinarensis Ruksans; Crocuses 157 (pl. 214-215) (2010)
species :
Crocus sativus
L.; Sp. Pl. 36 (1753)
Name: Echter Safran
Distribution: Not known in the wild; France [c]; Croatia [c]; Greece [c]; European Russia [c]; China [c]; Myanmar [c]; Nepal [c]; India [c]; Pakistan [c]; Turkey [c]; Iran [c]; Morocco [c]
12 fra 13 cro grc 14 rus 20 mor 34 irn tur 36 chi 40 ind nep pak 41 mya
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus autumnalis Sm.; Engl. Bot. t. 343 (1796), nom. illeg.
= Crocus cashmerianus Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himal. 90 (1834)
= Crocus officinalis (L.) Honck.; Syn. Pl. Germ. 1: 273 (1792)
= Crocus orsinii Parl.; Fl. Ital. 3: 238 (1860)
= Crocus pendulus Stokes; Bot. Comment. 1: 209 (1830)
= Crocus sativus subsp. orsinii (Parl.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 248 (1890)
= Crocus sativus var. cashmirianus Royle
= Crocus sativus var. officinalis L.; Sp. Pl.: 36 (1753)
= Crocus setifolius Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 104 (1812)
= Geanthus autumnalis Raf.; Specchio Sci. 1: 116 (1814)
= Safran officinarum Medik.; Act. Acad. Theod. Palat. 6: Phys. (1790) 473
species :
Crocus scardicus
Kosanin; Glas. Srpske Kralj. Akad. 119: 24 (1926)
Distribution: Albania; Kosovo; Macedonia
13 ALB KOS NMA
species :
Crocus scharojanii
Rupr.; Gartenflora 17: 134, t. 578, f. 2 (1868)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Svaneti, Racha-Lechkhumi, Samegrelo); NE-Turkey
33 GEO NCS 34 TUR
species :
Crocus schneideri
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 178 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Kayseri)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus seisumsiana
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [26] (2017)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus serotinus
Salisb.; Parad. Lond. t. 30 (1806)
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; Gibraltar
12 GIB POR SPA
Remarks: serotinus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crociris iridiflora Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 73 (1853)
= Crociris speciosa Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 73 (1853)
= Crocus asturicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3998 (1853)
= Crocus autumnalis Brot.; Phytogr. 2: 40. t. 94 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Crocus autumnalis Ker Gawl.; Irid. Gen. 77
= Crocus byzantinus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 28: t. 1111 (1808)
= Crocus clusianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) t. 37. f. 8
= Crocus clusii var. mauritii (Maire & Sennen) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 207 (1959)
= Crocus colchiciflorus Reut.
= Crocus granatensis Boiss. ex Maw; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 363 (1882)
= Crocus hybernus subsp. asturicus (Herb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)
= Crocus neapolitanus Hoppe; Flora 1: 588 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Crocus nudiflorus Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne: 600 (1842), nom. illeg.
= Crocus nudiflorus subsp. granatensis (Boiss. ex Maw) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 246 (1890)
= Crocus serotinus f. albus B.Mathew; New Plantsman, 5(1): 12 (1998)
= Crocus serotinus subsp. asturicus (Herb.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Astur., Ser. C, 26: 6 (1980)
= Crocus serotinus var. mauritii Maire & Sennen
= Crocus tingitanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3868 (1841)
= Crocus vernus subsp. neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 445 (1906)
species :
Crocus siculus
Tineo; G. Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Prodr., Suppl. 1: 7 (1832)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Series Verni
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus vernus subsp. siculus (Tineo) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)
species :
Crocus sieberi
J.Gay; Bull. Ferussac, 25: (1831) 320 (err typ. 220)
Name: Sieber-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Crete; USA [I] (New York [I]); Germany [I]
11 ger 13 KRI 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus sibiricus Barr; Gard. Chron. (1876) I. 307, 339
= Crocus sibthorpianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1813) Misc. 83
= Crocus sieberianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3866 (1841)
species :
Crocus sieheanus
Barr ex Burtt; Bot. Mag. 162: t. 9583 (1939)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus simavensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 7 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Balikesir Prov., N of Simav)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus sipyleus
(F.Candan & Özhatay) Ruksans; World Crocuses 463 (2017), et Int. Rock Gard. 125: [5] (2020)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. sipyleus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)
species :
Crocus sivasensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 183 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Sivas)
34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
species :
Crocus sozenii
Ruksans; Ing. Rock Gard. 64: [28] (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus speciosus
M.Bieb.; Beschr. Länd. Terek. Kur Casp. 129 (1800)
Name: Pracht-Herbst-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Greece; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, NW-Iran: Iranian Azerbaijan); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Racha-Lechkhumi, Imereti, Kartli, Mtiuleti, Tush-Pshav-Khevsureti, Trialeti, Meskheti); Azerbaijan; Armenia; Germany [I]
11 ger 13 GRC 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus hellenicus (Ruksans) Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)
= Crocus speciosus subsp. hellenicus Ruksans; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 17 (2013)
= Crocus multifidus Rochel ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 4: 110 (1852)
= Crocus nudiflorus Hohen.; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 5: 212 (1833)
= Crocus tauricus Steven ex Nyman; Consp. 706 (1882)
species :
Crocus stevensii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [34] (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus striatulus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 141 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus stridii
Papan. & Zaharof; Bot. Notiser, 133(2): 161 (1980)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. stridii (Papan. & Zaharof) B.Mathew; Crocus: 80 (1982)
species :
Crocus suaveolens
Bertol.; Desc. Zaffer. Ital. n. 3 (1826)
Distribution: SC-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus imperati subsp. suaveolens (Bertol.) Mathew; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 32: 46 (1977)
species :
Crocus suwarowianus
K.Koch; Linnaea, 21: 633 (1848)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey
33 NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus karsianus Fomin; Fomin & Voronov, Key Pl. Caucasus & Crimea, 1: 292 (1907)
= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. suwarowianus (K.Koch) Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh, 38(3): 393 (1980)
= Crocus vallicola var. suwarowianus (K.Koch) Maw; Monogr. Crocus: 80 (1886)
= Crocus vallicola var. zohrabii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s., 16: 148 (1881)
= Crocus zohrabii Maw; Gard. Chron. n. s., 16: 148, in syn. (1881)
species :
Crocus tahtaliensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 150 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus taseliensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 6 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Icel Prov.: Taseli Yaylasi)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus tauri
Maw; Gard. Chron. (1881) II. 749
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Turkey (C- & S-Anatolia)
33 ARM NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus roopiae Woronow; Notul. Syst. Herb. Hort. Petrop. 5: 62 (1924)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. tauri (Maw) Mathew; Crocus: 85 (1982)
species :
Crocus tauricus
(Trautv.) Puring; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 1: 194 (1900)
Distribution: Crimea; W-Northern Caucasus
14 KRY 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus var. tauricus Trautv.; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 17: 331 (1859)
species :
Crocus terzioghlui
Erol; Phytotaxa 420(3): 225 (2019)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus thirkeanus
K.Koch; Linnaea, 21: 633 (1848)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Crocus thomasii
Ten.; Mém. Crocci Fl. Nap. 12 (1826)
Distribution: S-Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus thomasianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 3, f. 6 (1844)
= Crocus visianicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 83 (1845)
species :
Crocus thracicus
Yüzb. & Aslan; Phytotaxa 197(3): 208 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus tommasinianus
Herb.; Jour. Hort. Soc. London 2: 273 (1847)
Name: Dalmatiner Krokus, Elfen-Krokus, Tommasini-Krokus, Bauern-Krokus (DE)
Distribution: Albania; Bulgaria; Hungary; Serbia & Kosovo; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Croatia; England [I]; Netherlands [I]; USA [I] (Delaware [I]); Germany [I]
10 grb 11 ger HUN net 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO SRB 78 usa
Remarks: Series Verni
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus serbicus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron. (1881) 2: 368
species :
Crocus tournefortii
Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)
Name: Tourneforts Krokus (DE); Tournefort´s Crocus (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades, Idhra, Karpathos); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus fontenayi Reut. ex Nyman; Consp. 706 (1882)
= Crocus orphanidis Hook. f. [Bot.Mag.t.5776 (1869)]
= Crocus parvulus Herb.
= Crocus pholegandrius Orph.; Bull. Congr. Bot. Petersb. 1869 (1870) 118, 134
= Crocus tournefortianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1845) t. 37. f. 3
= Crocus boryi subsp. tournefortii (Gay) Greuter, Matthäs & Risse; Willdenowia, 15(1): 42 (1985)
species :
Crocus tuna-ekimii
Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 314(1): 111 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus turcicus
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 507 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia); NE-Iraq; Lebanon; ?Syria
34 IRQ LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus pallasii subsp. turcicus B.Mathew; Pl. Syst. Evol., 128(1-2): 98 (1977)
species :
Crocus uschakensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [18], photogr. (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus vallicola
Herb.; Bot. Reg. 31, Misc.: 2 (1845)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Guria, Adzharia); Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
33 AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
species :
Crocus variegatus
Hoppe & Hornsch.; Tagebuch 187, t. 1 (1818)
Distribution: NE-Italy; Slovenia; Bulgaria; Hungary; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 HUN 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA SLV
Remarks: Series Reticulati
species :
Crocus veluchensis
Herb.; Bot. Reg. 31, Misc. 80 (1845)
Distribution: Albania; Bulgaria; Greece; Macedonia; Serbia & Kosovo; ?Montenegro
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA SRB
Remarks: a very variable species containing probably several distinct entities
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus balcanensis Janka; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 22: 181 (1872)
= Crocus veluchensis subsp. balcanensis (Janka) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)
= Crocus orbelicus Stoj.; Mitt. Naturwiss. Inst. Sofia, 4: 144 (1931)
= Crocus pallasii Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 374 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Crocus tomoricus Markgr.; Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 102: 330 (1931)
species :
Crocus veneris
Tapp. ex Poech; Enum. Pl. Ins. Cypr. 10 (1842)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, W-Cyprus, N-Cyprus)
34 CYP
species :
Crocus vernus
(L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 10. 1 (1765)
Name: Weißer Krokus (DE)
Distribution: SW-France; NE-Spain; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; N-Italy; Austria; Hungary; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Slovenia; Albania; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Channel Isl. [I]
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE SLO SWI 12 cis FRA SPA 13 ALB CRO ITA SLV
Remarks: Series Verni. For long times known as C. albiflorus. Lectotypification of C. vernus see Peruzzi et al. 2013
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus acutiflorus Seidl; Opiz, Natural. n. 9: 123 (1825)
= Crocus albiflorus Kit. ex Schult.; Österr. Fl. ed. II. 1: 101 (1814)
= Crocus appendiculatus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron. (1881) 2: 368 in syn.
= Crocus caeruleus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)
= Crocus heuffelianus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)
= Crocus montanus Hoppe
= Crocus montenegrinus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron. ser. 2, 16: 368 (1881)
= Crocus pygmaeus Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 3: 58 (1909)
= Crocus rubens Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)
= Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia 315 (1844)
= Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus (Kit.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 446 (1906) isonym
= Crocus vernus var. parviflorus Rchb.; 85 (1830)
= Crocus vilmae Fiala; Österr. Bot. Z. 40: 247 (1890)
species :
Crocus versicolor
Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 28: t. 1110 (1808)
Distribution: NW-Italy; France
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus crestensis Nyman; Consp. 707 (1882)
= Crocus cristensis Eugene; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 15: 191 (1868)
= Crocus fragrans Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. 1: 136 (1812)
= Crocus meridionalis Risso; Fl. Nice: 474 (1844)
= Crocus reinwardti Rchb.; Pl. Crit. 10: 14 (1832)
= Crocus subapenninus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 259 (1847)
= Crocus versicolor subsp. crestensis (Eugène) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)
= Crocus versicolor subsp. cristensis (Eugène) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)
species :
Crocus vitellinus
Wahlenb.; J. Berggren, Resor. Eur. Öst. 2, Bihang 59 (1826)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Israel (N-Israel); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 ISR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus syriacus Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Ser. II. 4: 94 (1859)
species :
Crocus wattiorum
(B.Mathew) B.Mathew; P. H. Davis (ed.), Fl. Turkey 11: 272 (2000 publ. 2001)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. wattiorum B.Mathew; New Plantsman 2: 183 (1995)
species :
Crocus weldenii
Hoppe & Fürnr.; Flora, 23: 208 (1840)
Distribution: Albania; Italy; Montenegro; Macedonia; Serbia & Kosovo; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Slovenia; Croatia
13 ALB BIH CRO ITA MNT NMA SLV SRB
Remarks: biflorus agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus pallidus Kitan. & Drenk.; D. Jordanov & al., Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 213 (1975)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. weldenii (Hoppe & Fürnr.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 250 (1890)
= Crocus biflorus subsp. weldenii (Hoppe & Fürnr.) B.Mathew; Crocus: 84 (1982), isonym
= Crocus weldenii f. lutescens Pulevic; Glasn. Republ. Zavoda Zast. Prir. Prirodnj. Muz. Titogradu, 10: 85 (1977)
= Crocus pallidus f. bulgaricus Kitan. & Drenk.; Jordanov et al. Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 213 (1975)
species :
Crocus xantholaimos
(B.Mathew) Ruksans; World Crocuses 535 (2017)
Distribution: N-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus speciosus subsp. xantholaimos B.Mathew; Crocus: 111 (1982)
species :
Crocus xanthosus
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 77, figs. 1-3, tab. 1-2 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus yakarianus
Yildirim & Erol; Nordic J. Bot. 31(4): 426 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus yalovensis
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 99: [18] (2018), nom. nov.
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus violaceus (Yüzb. & Özhatay) Ruksans; World Crocuses 527 (2017)
= Crocus pestalozzae subsp. violaceus Yüzb. & Özhatay; Phytotaxa 174(5): 280 (2014)
species :
Crocus yaseminiae
Erol; Phytotaxa 188(2): 108 (2014)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus yataganensis
(Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260 (2): 138 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus biflorus subsp. yataganensis Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 38(1): 178 (2006)
species :
Crocus youngiorum
Ruksans & Zetterl.; Int. Rock Gard. 102: 22 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Crocus zagrosensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 10, figs. 1-3 (2017)
Distribution: Iran (Zagros Mts.)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus zanjanensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 7, figs. 1-3 (2017)
Distribution: Iran (Zanjan)
34 IRN
species :
Crocus zetterlundii
Ruksans; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 23 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Crocus ziyaretensis
Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 154 (2013)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Ziyaret Mts.)
34 TUR
Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri
species :
Crocus zubovii
Ruksans; World Crocuses 548 (2017)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Crocus ×helenae
D.Dubovik; Fl. Belarusi 3: 200 (2017)
Distribution: Belarus
14 BLR
species :
Crocus ×hybridus
Petrovic; Fl. Agr. Nyss. 821 (1882)
Distribution: Serbia & Kosovo (near Nis)
13 SRB
Remarks: Crocus chrysanthus x Crocus biflorus
Synonyms: hidden
= Crocus chrysanthus var. bornmuelleri Kitan. & Drenk.; D. Jordanov & al., Problems Balkan Fl. & Veg.: 214 (1975)
species :
Crocus ×paulineae
Pasche & Kernd.; New Plantsman, 6(1): 44 (1999)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Crocus abantensis x ancyrensis
