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479.0000 Family Solanaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 124 (1789), nom. cons.
96 genera, ca. 2900 spp. Phylogeny: Olmstead et al. (2008), Cole et al. (2020)
Species listed in database: 2791; hybrids: 19
= Atropaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 57 (1820)
= Browalliaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 243 (1820)
= Cestraceae Schltdl.; Linnaea 8: 250 (1833)
= Daturaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 243 (1820)
= Duckeodendraceae Kuhlm.; Arq. Serv. Florest. 3: 7 (1950)
= Goetzeaceae Miers; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 27: 191 (1870)
= Hyoscyamaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 272, 294 (1818)
= Lyciaceae Raf.; Autik. Bot. 1: 15 (1840)
= Nicotianaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 416 (1820)
= Nolanaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 244 (1820), nom. cons.
= Salpiglossidaceae Hutch.; Evol. Phylogeny Fl. Pl. 631 (1969)
= Sclerophylacaceae Miers; London J. Bot. 7: 58 (1848)
479.8021 Genus Cuatresia Hunz.; Kurtziana 10: 15 (1977)
Distribution: Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia, Bolivia
Species listed in database: 18
species :
Cuatresia albertovelozii Zanoni & Jiménez Rodr.; Moscosoa 21: 7, fig. 1, photogr. (2023)
Distribution: Dominican Republic
81 HIS
species :
Cuatresia amistadensis D.A.Soto & A.K.Monro; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2(1): 41 (2008)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
species :
Cuatresia anomala N.W.Sawyer & C.I.Orozco; Caldasia 33(1): 81 (2011)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Nariño, Risaralda, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Cuatresia colombiana Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 79 (1987)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Risaralda)
82 CLM
species :
Cuatresia cuneata (Standl.) Bohs; Novon 21(1): 27 (2011)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Chocó); Venezuela (Merida); Peru
79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Lycianthes austin-smithii C.V.Morton & Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1057 (1938)
= Lycianthes cuneata Standl.; Trop. Woods, No. 16: 25 (1928), nomen, et Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 260 (1929)
= Lycianthes inaequalis C.V.Morton & Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1059 (1938)
= Solanum mortonianum Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1568 (1938)
= Witheringia cuneata (Standl.) Hunz.; Kurtziana 5: 118 (1969)
species :
Cuatresia cuspidata (Dunal) Hunz.; Kurtziana 10: 20 (1977)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda); Ecuador
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Brachistus lindenii (Dunal) Pittier; Cat. Fl. Venez. [Pittier et al.] 2: -358 (1947)
= Capsicum lindenii (Dunal) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 450 (1891)
= Cuatresia riparia var. cuspidata (Dunal) Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 78 (1987)
= Fregirardia lindenii Dunal; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 503 (1852)
= Sicklera cuspidata Dunal; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 502 (1852)
= Witheringia lindenii (Dunal) Steyerm.; Phytologia 37(5): 482 (1977)
species :
Cuatresia exiguiflora (D´Arcy) Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 75 (1987)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Cauca, Chocó, Nariño); Ecuador
80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Witheringia exiguiflora D´Arcy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 366 (1976 publ. 1977)
species :
Cuatresia foreroi Hunz.; Caldasia 15(71-75): 146 (1986)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó)
82 CLM
species :
Cuatresia fosteriana Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 80 (1987)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL PER
species :
Cuatresia garciae Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 76 (1987)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Tolima)
82 CLM
species :
Cuatresia glomeruflorula Canal & C.I.Orozco; Kurtziana 35(2): 8 (2010)
Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Nariño, Putumayo); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Cuatresia harlingiana Hunz.; Opera Bot. 92: 75 (1987)
Distribution: Colombia (Huila, Nariño); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Cuatresia hunzikeriana (Benitez & M.Martínez) N.W.Sawyer; Kurtziana 27(1): 250 (1999)
Distribution: Venezuela (Tachira)
82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Larnax hunzikeriana Benítez & M.Martínez; Phytologia 78(5): 353 (1995)
species :
Cuatresia morii (D´Arcy) Sousa-Peña ex Bohs; Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 131: 240 (2015)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Witheringia morii D´Arcy; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(2): 368 (1976 publ. 1977)
species :
Cuatresia physalana C.I.Orozco & W.Vargas; Caldasia 33(1): 86 (2011)
Distribution: Colombia (Cauca); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Cuatresia plowmanii Hunz.; Kurtziana 10: 18 (1977)
Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, Valle); Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Cuatresia riparia (Kunth) Hunz.; Kurtziana 10: 20 (1977)
Distribution: Guatemala; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Santander, Tolima); Ecuador
80 COS GUA PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Athenaea physocalycia (Donn.Sm.) Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 18 (1943)
= Bassovia calceolarioides Rusby; Descr. S. Amer. Pl. 117 (1920)
= Brachistus physocalycius Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 40: 8 (1905)
= Brachistus riparius (Kunth) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 3: 265 (1849)
= Capsicum riparium (Kunth) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 450 (1891)
= Cuatresia physocalycia (Donn.Sm.) Hunz.; Kurtziana 10: 20 (1977)
= Dunalia riparia (Kunth) Benitez; Revista Fac. Agron. (Maracay) 7: 46 (1974), cl. Gray Herb. Card Cat.
= Fregirardia riparia (Kunth) Dunal; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(1): 503 (1852)
= Lycianthes oligantha Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1567 (1938)
= Lycianthes valerioi C.V.Morton & Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 18: 1062 (1938)
= Solanum davidsoniae Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 103 (1940)
= Witheringia folliculoides D´Arcy & J.L.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74(2): 453 (1987)
= Witheringia physocalycia (Donn.Sm.) J.L.Gentry; Phytologia 26(4): 278 (1973)
= Witheringia riparia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 16 (1818)
species :
Cuatresia trianae Hunz.; Caldasia 15(71-75): 143 (1986)
Distribution: Colombia (Norte de Santander); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM 83 ECU PER
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life