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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35249; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.4704 Genus Cyanthillium Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 889 (1826)
Distribution: Tropical Africa and Asia
Species listed in database: 12
= Claotrachelus Zoll.; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 565 (1845)
= Cyanopis Blume; Fl. Javae, Praef. vi (1828), nom. superfl.
= Isomeria D.Don ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
= Seneciodes L. ex Post & Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 2: 515 (1903)
= Triplotaxis Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 355 (1914)
species :
Cyanthillium albicans (Wall. ex DC.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1): 229 (1999)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, ?Bihar, ?Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Conyza albicans Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3072 (1831), nomen
= Vernonia albicans Wall. ex DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 6 (1834)
species :
Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 103(1): 252 (1990)
Name: Rabo de buey, Yerba socialista (ES), Graue Vernonie (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl.); Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Cameroon; Gabon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Soqotra [I]; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique [I]; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores; Îles Glorieuses [I]; Aldabra [I] (Aldabra Isl. [I], Asuncio Isl. [I], Astove Isl. [I], St. Pierre Isl. [I], Farquhar Isl. [I]); Seychelles [I] (incl. Desroches Isl. [I], Coetivy Isl. [I], Darros Isl. [I]); Chagos Arch. [I] (Diego Garcia [I]); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Bahrain; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Bonin Isl. (Chichijima, Anijima, Keetaajima, Otohtojima, Hahajima, Mukohjima); Volcano Isl. (Iwojima); Taiwan; Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Hazara, Lahore); Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout, incl. Sikkim); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Maldives; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobars, Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (widespread); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia (throughout); Singapore [I]; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines (throughout); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Tongatapu [I], ´Eua [I], Vava´u [I]); Vanuatu [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; American Samoa [I] (Ta´u [I], Tutuila [I]); [Western] Samoa [I] (Aleipata Isl. [I], ´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); Tuvalu [I] (Nui Atoll [I]); Tokelau [I] (Nukunonu [I], Swains Isl. [I]); Phoenix Isl. [I] (Orona [I]); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa, Tabiteuea, Onotoa); Nauru; Line Isl. [I] (Washington [I], Tabueran [I]); N-Line Isl. [I] (Palmyra Atoll [I], Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Ngaputoru Group [I], Palmerston [I], N-Cook Isl. [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Hatutaa [I], Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Fatu Huku [I], Hiva Oa [I], Tahuata [I], Mohotani [I], Fatu Hiva [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Mopelia Atoll [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Bora Bora [I], Maupiti [I], Mehetia [I], Moorea [I], Mopiha´a Atoll [I], Tahaa [I], Tetiaroa Atoll [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tupai [I]); Gambier Isl. [I] (Mangareva [I]); Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Makatea Isl. [I], Takapoto Atoll [I], Roroia [I], Makaroa [I], Aukena [I], Timoe [I], Niau [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Tubuai [I], Rurutu [I], Rimatara [I]); Palau (Pulu Anna, Tobi, Babeldaob, Koror, Peleliu, Angaur, Sonsorol); Northern Marianas (Maug, Asuncion, Agrihan, Pagan, Alamagan, Guguan, Sarigan, Anatahan); Northern Marianas (Saipan, Tinian, Guam); Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Fais, Woleai, Ifalik, Lamotrek, Satawal, Puluwat, Namonuito, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Tol, Piis, Nama, Lukunor, Satawan, Kapingamarangi, Ant, Pohnpei, Mokil, Pingelap, Kosrae); Marshall Isl. (Enewetok, Kwajalein, Likiep, Ailinglapalap, Majuro, Arno, Jaluit, Ebon); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe Isl. [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Guana [I], St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I], Tortola [I], Virgin Gorda [I]); Anguilla [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Aruba [I]; Bonaire [I]; Curacao [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Brazil [I]
11 ger 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GNB GUI IVO MLI SEN TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN CON GAB ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH soc SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG moz ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 ald cgs COM MDG sey 35 BAR OMA SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 38 JAP KZN NNS OGA TAI 40 BAN BHU IND LDV MDV NEP PAK SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR cki JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SCS sng SUL xms 43 BIS SOL 50 aus 60 asa fij GIL NRU nue nwc phx rot sam tok ton tuv van 61 aui coo gbi lin mrq sci tua 62 MIC MRN MRS PLU 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos gua hon nic pan 81 aba agu aru bah bbd bon cub cur dom gdl gre his mar mts pue sab sba ste stk stl stm stv trt vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 ecu 84 bra
Synonyms: hidden
= Blumea chinensis (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 444 (1836), not Walp. (1843), nor Hook. & Arn. (1837)
= Blumea esquirolii H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7(131-133): 22 (1909)
= Blumea grandiflora Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 165 (1841)
= Cacalia cinerea (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 323 (1891)
= Cacalia erigerodes (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970 (1891)
= Cacalia exilis (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970 (1891)
= Cacalia kroneana (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970 (1891)
= Cacalia rotundifolia Willd.; Phytographia 11, t. 6, f. 1 (1794)
= Calea cordata Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 488 (1790)
= Centratherum chinense (L.) Less.; Linnaea 4: 105 (1829)
= Chrysocoma violacea Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 384 (1827)
= Cineraria glaberrima Spreng. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 25 (1836)
= Claotrachelus rupestris Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 565 (1845)
= Conyza abbreviata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3048 (1831), nomen
= Conyza bellidifolia Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3048 (1831), nomen
= Conyza chinensis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 862 (1753)
= Conyza cinerascens Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3062 (1831), nomen
= Conyza cinerea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 862 (1753)
= Conyza elegantula Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3049 (1831), nomen
= Conyza heterophylla Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 84 (1786)
= Conyza incana B.Heyne ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
= Conyza incana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3046 (1831), nomen
= Conyza ivifolia Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 180 (1768)
= Conyza mollis Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1924 (1803)
= Conyza prolifera Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 84 (1786)
= Conyza sinensis (L.) J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis, 2(2): 1221 (1792)
= Crassocephalum flatmense Hochst. & Steud. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 263 (1838)
= Cyanopis erigeroides DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 7 (1834)
= Cyanopsis decurrens Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 563 (1845)
= Cyanthillium chinense (L.) Gleason; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 306 (1913)
= Cyanthillium cinereum var. ovatum Isawumi; Compositae Newslett. 26: 16 (1995)
= Erigeron pisonis Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 180 (1768)
= Eupatorium arboreum Reinw. ex de Vriese; Pl. Ind. Bat. Orient. 129 (1857)
= Eupatorium myosotifolium Jacq.; Icon. Pl. Rar. [Jacquin] 3: 15 (1792)
= Isomeria chinensis (L.) Wight ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
= Isomeria cinerea Wight ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
= Leveillea chinensis (L.) Vaniot; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Sér. 3, 13: 16 (1904)
= Monosis elaeagnoides Kunth; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1848: 14 (1848)
= Placus chinensis (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 8: 303 (1882)
= Placus chinensis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 356 (1891)
= Pteronia tomentosa Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 2: 489 . (1790)
= Senecio amboinicus Rumph. ex E.A.Duchesne; Répert. Pl. Utiles Globe 142 (1836), nom. superfl.
= Seneciodes cinereum (L.) Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 515 (1904)
= Serratula cinerea (L.) Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 60 (1814)
= Vernonia abbreviata Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 25 (1836)
= Vernonia apocynifolia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 175 (1884)
= Vernonia betonicifolia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 487 (1887)
= Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.; Linnaea 4: 291 (1829)
= Vernonia cinerea var. antoniensis Bolle
= Vernonia cinerea var. erigeroides (DC.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22: 651 (1930)
= Vernonia cinerea var. lentii (Volkens & O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 43: 224 (1988)
= Vernonia cyanonioides Walp.; Linnaea 14: 509 (1840)
= Vernonia dendigulensis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 263 (1838)
= Vernonia diffusa Decne.; Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 408 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Vernonia erigeroides (DC.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 25 (1836)
= Vernonia exilis Miq.; J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 98 (1861)
= Vernonia fasciculata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 893 (1826), in nota, non Michx. 1803
= Vernonia kroneana Miq.; J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 98 (1861)
= Vernonia lastii Engl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas A 55 (1895), nomen
= Vernonia laxiflora Less.; Linnaea 6: 646 (1831)
= Vernonia lentii Volkens & O.Hoffm.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 404 (1895)
= Vernonia leptophylla DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 6 (1834)
= Vernonia physalifolia DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 6 (1834)
= Vernonia rhomboidea Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 62 (1846)
= Vernonia sinulata Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 18 (1856)
= Vernonia villosa W.Wight; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 9: 396 (1905)
= Vernonia zollingeriana Sch.Bip.; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 119 (1854)
variant :
var. glabriusculum (DC.) Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 223 (2009)
Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia cinerea var. glabriuscula DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
variant :
var. lanatum (J.Kost.) Ghafoor; Fl. Australia 37(1): 607 (2015)
Distribution: Moluccas; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia [I] (Queensland [I], Northern Territory [I], Western Australia [I], New South Wales [I]); New Caledonia
42 MOL NWG 50 aus 60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia cinerea var. lanata J.Kost.; Blumea 1: 415 (1935)
variant :
var. linifolium (Blume) Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 223 (2009)
Distribution: India (Meghalaya); Myanmar; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I])
40 IND 41 MYA 42 NWG 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia linifolia B.Heyne ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 25 (1836)
= Conyza linifolia (Blume) Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 3063 (1831), nomen
= Vernonia cinerea var. linifolia (Blume) J.Kost.; Blumea 1: 414 (1935)
= Vernonia linifolia Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 893 (1826)
variant :
var. ludens (C.B.Clarke) Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 223 (2009)
Distribution: India (Assam)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia cinerea var. ludens C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 21 (1876)
variant :
var. parviflorum (Reinw. ex Blume) Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 223 (2009)
Distribution: China (Guangdong); Taiwan; India (Assam, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; New Guinea; Fiji; Pitcairn Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I]
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND LDV 42 NWG 60 FIJ 61 pit 63 haw
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia cinerea var. parviflora (Reinw.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 24 (1836)
= Vernonia parviflora Reinw.; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 893 (1826)
variant :
var. pinnatifidum Ghafoor; Fl. Australia 37(1): 607 (2015)
Distribution: Australia (NE-New South Wales, SE-Queensland)
50 AUS
variant :
var. ugandense (C.Jeffrey) Isawumi; Compositae Newslett. 26: 15 (1995)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya
25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia cinerea var. ugandensis C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 43(2): 224 (1988)
variant :
var. viale (DC.) Isawumi; Compositae Newslett. 26: 16 (1995)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia arguta (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 969 (1891)
= Cacalia vialis (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 971 (1891)
= Vernonia arguta Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 175 (1884)
= Vernonia cinerea subsp. vialis (DC.) Humbert; Fl. Madagasc., Fam. 189: 20 (1960)
= Vernonia cinerea var. vialis (DC.) R.Vig. & Humbert; Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 4: 44 (1922)
= Vernonia vialis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 25 (1836)
species :
Cyanthillium conyzoides (DC.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1): 229 (1999)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia candolleana (Wight & Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 969 (1891)
= Vernonia candolleana Wight & Arn.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 18: 346 (1836)
= Vernonia conyzoides DC.; Contr. Bot. India [Wight] 6 (1834)
species :
Cyanthillium gracilis (Lander & P.J.H.Hurter) K.R.Thiele & E.E.Schill.; Nuytsia 29: 231 (2018)
Distribution: Australia (N-Western Australia: Pilbara region)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Pleurocarpaea gracilis Lander & P.J.H.Hurter; Nuytsia 23: 110 (2013)
species :
Cyanthillium hookerianum (Arn.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1): 229 (1999)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia hookeriana (Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 970 (1891)
= Vernonia conyzoides Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 160 (1859)
= Vernonia hookeriana Arn.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 18: 346 (1836)
species :
Cyanthillium maritimum (Merr.) H.Rob. & Skvarla; Taiwania 261 (2010)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia maritima (Merr.) Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 202 (1906), nomen
= Vernonia maritima Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 3(6): 440 (1908)
species :
Cyanthillium montanum (C.B.Clarke) Bunwong, Chantar. & S.C.Keeley; PhytoKeys 37: 65 (2014)
Distribution: Thailand; Sumatra
41 THA 42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyanthillium cinereum var. montanum (Edgew.) Karthik. & Moorthy; Fl. Pl. India 223 (2009)
= Vernonia cinerea var. montana C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 21 (1876)
species :
Cyanthillium patulum (Dryand. ex Aiton) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 103(1): 252 (1990)
Distribution: Madagascar; China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Taiwan; India (?Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Uttarakhand); Andaman Isl. (South Andamans); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobars, Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore [I]; Borneo; Philippines (throughout); Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I]); Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I])
29 MDG 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SCS sng SUL 50 aus 62 mic
Synonyms: hidden
= Bothriocline madagascariensis (DC.) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 43(2): 266 (1988)
= Bothriocline papuana O.Hoffm.; Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 594 (1900)
= Cacalia accedens (Miq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 969 (1891)
= Cacalia patula (Aiton) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 324 (1891)
= Conyza odorata Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 414 (1841), nom. inval.
= Conyza patula Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 184 (1789)
= Conyza punctulata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2995 (1831), nomen
= Cyanopis madagascariensis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 69 (1836)
= Cyanopis pubescens (Blume) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 69 (1836)
= Cyanopis villosa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 69 (1836)
= Cyanthillium patulum var. pubescens (Blume) J.Kost.
= Cyanthillium pubescens Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 890 (1826)
= Cyanthillium villosum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 889 (1826)
= Ethulia conyzoides Bojer ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 69 (1836) non L.f.
= Eupatorium menthifolium Wall. ex C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 18 (1876)
= Isonema ovata Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 152 (1817)
= Serratula multiflora Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 617 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Staehelina conyzoides Spreng.; Index Sem. (Halle) 1810: 26 (1810), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Vernonia accedens Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 18 (1856)
= Vernonia kawakamii Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 149-150 (1911)
= Vernonia patula (Aiton) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 439 (1909)
= Vernonia pratensis Klatt; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 7: 99 (1892), Drake, Hist. Phys. Madagascar [Grandidier], Atlas, t. 479 (1897)
species :
Cyanthillium polytrichomata (Wech.) H.Rob.; Phytologia 69(2): 106 (1990)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Gutenbergia polytrichomata Wech.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 51(1-2) 107 (1981)
species :
Cyanthillium stelluliferum (Benth.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 103(1): 252 (1990)
Distribution: Guinea; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; Uganda; Angola; Zambia
22 BEN GUI IVO TOG 23 BIO CAF CMN CON EQG GAB PRI SAO ZAI 24 SUD 25 UGA 26 ANG ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Herderia stellulifera Benth.; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 425 (1849)
= Triplotaxis stellulifera (Benth.) Hutch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 356 (1914)
= Vernonia stellulifera (Benth.) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 43(2): 225 (1988)
species :
Cyanthillium vernonioides (Muschl.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 112(1): 229 (1999)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Uganda; Kenya; Zambia; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar
23 ZAI 25 KEN UGA 26 ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Erlangea vernonioides Muschl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 62 (1911), non V. vernonioides (A. Gray) Bacigalupo 1931
= Vernonia meiostephana C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 43(2): 225 (1988), nom. nov.
species :
Cyanthillium wollastonii (S.Moore) H.Rob., Skvarla & V.A.Funk; (2017)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia gracilipes S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 105 (1911)
= Vernonia heterocarpa Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 36: 365 (1929)
= Vernonia transvaalensis Hutch.; Botanist S. Afr. 347 (1946). in adnot.
= Vernonia umbratica Oberm.; J. S. African Bot. 2: 164 (1936)
= Vernonia wollastonii S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 257 (1908)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life