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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35249; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.4885 Genus Cyrtocymura H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 849 (1987)
Distribution: Tropical America
Species listed in database: 6
species :
Cyrtocymura cincta (Griseb.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 851 (1987)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Catamarca, Formosa, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia cincta (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 969 (1891)
= Vernonia cincta Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 29: 162 (1879)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. cincta (Griseb.) Cabrera; (1944)
species :
Cyrtocymura harleyi (H.Rob.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 852 (1987)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia harleyi H.Rob.; Phytologia 44(4): 287 (1979)
species :
Cyrtocymura lanuginosa (Gardner) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 852 (1987)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Cyrtocymura mattos-silvae (H.Rob.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 852 (1987)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia mattos-silvae H.Rob.; Phytologia 44(4): 288 (1979)
species :
Cyrtocymura saepia (Ekman) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 853 (1987)
Distribution: Hispaniola
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Vernonia saepia Ekman ex Urb.; Ark. Bot. 17(7): 63 (1922)
species :
Cyrtocymura scorpioides (Lam.) H.Rob.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 100(4): 852 (1987)
Name: Rokshan, Ruction Bush, Wild Patchouli (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Hispaniola; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Boyacá, Casanare, Cesar, Chocó, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Norte de Santander, Valle); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Canindeyu, Cordillera, Paraguari); Uruguay (Artigas, Colonia, Rio Negro, Salto); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC 81 HIS TRT VEN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cacalia scorpioides (Lam.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 324 (1891)
= Cacalia scorpioides var. glabriuscula Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 139 (1898)
= Cacalia scorpioides var. subrepanda (Pers.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 324 (1891)
= Cacalia scorpioides var. subtomentosa Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 324 (1891)
= Cacalia scorpioides var. tomentosa Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 139 (1898)
= Cacalia tournefortioides (Kunth) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 971 (1891)
= Chrysocoma repanda Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 327 8: t. 13 (1827 publ. 1831)
= Conyza scorpioides Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 88 (1786)
= Lepidaploa scorpioides (Lam.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 26: 16 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Staehelina solidaginoides Willd. ex Less.; Linnaea 4: 281 (1829), nom. superfl.
= Vernonia arborescens var. corrientensis Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22(4-5): 684 (1897)
= Vernonia centriflora Link & Otto; Icon. Pl. Select. 117, t. 55 (1829)
= Vernonia flavescens Less.; Linnaea 6: 657 (1831), nom. superfl.
= Vernonia lanuginosa Gardner; London J. Bot. 5: 219 (1846)
= Vernonia longeracemosa C.Mart. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836) (nom. illeg.)
= Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 404 (1807)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. centriflora (Link & Otto) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. centriflora DC.
= Vernonia scorpioides var. longeracemosa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. longifolia DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. subrepanda (Pers.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836)
= Vernonia scorpioides var. subtomentosa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 42 (1836)
= Vernonia subrepanda Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 404 (1807), nom. superfl.
= Vernonia tournefortioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 4: 34 (1818)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life