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089.0000 Family Lauraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 80 (1789), nom. cons.
55 genera, ca. 3300 spp. Systematics taken from Song et al. (2019)
Species listed in database: 3400
= Cassythaceae Bartl. ex Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 15 (1833), nom. cons.
= Perseaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 61 (1834)
089.0814 Genus Damburneya Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 136 (1838)
Distribution: Tropical America
Species listed in database: 25
species :
Damburneya ambigens (S.F.Blake) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 989 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Guerrero, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras
79 MEX 80 GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra ambigens (S.F.Blake) C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 371 (1945)
= Nectandra venosissima Lundell; Wrightia 4: 106 (1969)
= Ocotea venosissima (Lundell) Lundell; Wrightia 5(9): 341 (1977)
= Phoebe ambigens S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24: 3 (1922)
species :
Damburneya bicolor (Rohwer) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 989 (2016)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra bicolor Rohwer; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 60: 79 (1993)
species :
Damburneya colorata (Lundell) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 989 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra colorata Lundell; Wrightia 4: 33 (1968)
species :
Damburneya coriacea (Sw.) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 989 (2016)
Name: Avispillo, Cigua, Laurel cigua, Lancewood, Bastard torch
Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, Jost van Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Barbuda; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Tobago; Isla Margarita; San Andres y Providencia (San Andres); Venezuela (Nueva Esparta)
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON PAN 81 ABA BAH CAY CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB STE STL STM STV TCI TRT VEN VIR 82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Damburneya maritima Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 136 (1838)
= Gymnobalanus catesbyanus (Michx.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 483 (1836)
= Laurus aestivalis Mill. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 2(1): 484 (1799) non L.
= Laurus catesbaei Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 449 (1805)
= Laurus catesbyana Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 244 (1803)
= Laurus coriacea Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 65 (1788)
= Laurus cyathifera Vahl ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 165 (1864)
= Laurus nervosa Pav. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 165 (1864)
= Laurus salicifolia Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 290 (1836)
= Nectandra anonyma Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 187 (1841)
= Nectandra boniato A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 188 (1850)
= Nectandra catesbyana (Michx.) Sarg.; Gard. & Forest 2: 448 (1889), et in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 310 (1889)
= Nectandra cigua A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 187 (1850)
= Nectandra coriacea (Sw.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 281 (1860)
= Nectandra sanguinea var. platystelis Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 318 (1836)
= Nectandra willdenoviana Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 321. n. 29 (1836)
= Nectandra willdenoviana var. latifolia Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 165 (1864)
= Nectandra willdenoviana var. obliterata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 165 (1864)
= Ocotea catesbyana (Michx.) Sarg.; Silva [Sargent] 7: 11 t. 303 (1895)
= Ocotea coriacea (Sw.) Britton; Bahama Fl. [Britton & Millspaugh] 143 (1920)
= Ocotea lundellii Standl.; Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash. 461: 56 (1935)
= Oreodaphne coriacea (Sw.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 454 (1836)
= Persea catesbyana (Michx.) Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S. 393 (1860)
species :
Damburneya cufodontisii (O.C.Schmidt) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra cufodontisii (O.C.Schmidt) C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 393 (1945)
= Ocotea cufodontisii O.C.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Forlì), n. s. 1: 50 (1935)
= Ocotea seibertii C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 336 (1945)
species :
Damburneya gentlei (Lundell) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra lundellii C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 381 (1945), nom. nov.
= Persea gentlei Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 6: 18 (1941)
= Phoebe gentlei (Lundell) Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 117 (1944)
species :
Damburneya guatemalensis (Lundell) Rohwer; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 41 (2019)
Distribution: ?Mexico (?Chiapas); Guatemala
80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aiouea guatemalensis (Lundell) S.Renner; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 31: 93 (1982)
= Aniba guatemalensis Lundell; Wrightia 4: 98 (1969)
species :
Damburneya inconspicua (van de Werff) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 41 (2019)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aiouea inconspicua van der Werff; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74(2): 401 (1987)
species :
Damburneya leucocome (Rohwer) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra leucocome Rohwer; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 60: 90 (1993)
species :
Damburneya longicaudata (Lundell) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra longicaudata (Lundell) C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 383 (1945)
= Nectandra savannarum (Standl. & Steyerm.) C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 382 (1945)
= Phoebe longicaudata Lundell; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 64: 548 (1937)
= Phoebe savannarum Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 118 (1944)
species :
Damburneya longipetiolata (van der Werff) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra longipetiolata van der Werff; Fieldiana, Bot. 23: 60 (1990)
species :
Damburneya martinicensis (Mez) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 990 (2016)
Name: Laurier Black Mattack, Laurier Cypre, Main Ridge Laurier, Main Ridge Laurier Cyp (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Tabasco); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Chocó); Venezuela (Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Yaracuy, Zulia); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 TRT 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra glandulifolia Lasser; Bol. Tecn. Minist. Agric. 3: 16 (1942)
= Nectandra martinicensis Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 459 (1889)
= Nectandra tabascensis Lundell; Lloydia 4: 48 (1941)
= Nectandra woodsoniana C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 380 (1945)
= Ocotea tabascensis (Lundell) R.A.Howard; J. Arnold Arbor. 62(1): 58 (1981)
species :
Damburneya matudae (Lundell) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 991 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Honduras
79 MEX 80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra glandulosa Lundell; Wrightia 1: 148 (1946)
= Nectandra matudae Lundell; Wrightia 1: 149 (1946)
= Pleurothyrium glandulosum (Lundell) Lundell; Wrightia 5(9): 344 (1977)
species :
Damburneya minima (Rohwer) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 41 (2019)
Distribution: Cuba (Isla de la Juventud)
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba) and IUCN CR
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra minima Rohwer; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 60: 57 (1993)
= Nectandra earlei Britton ex Roíg & Acuña; Revista Soc. Cub. Bot. 6: Nos. 2-3, 17 (1949) (nom. illeg.)
species :
Damburneya mirafloris (van der Werff) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 991 (2016)
Distribution: Nicaragua
80 NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra mirafloris van der Werff; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75(2): 410 (1988)
species :
Damburneya nitida (Mez) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 991 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra nitida Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 461 (1889)
= Nectandra perdubia Lundell; Lloydia 4: 47 (1941)
species :
Damburneya parvissima (Lundell) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 41 (2019)
Distribution: Guatemala
80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aiouea parvissima (Lundell) S.Renner; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 31: 96 (1982)
= Aniba parvissima Lundell; Wrightia 4: 31 (1968)
species :
Damburneya patens (Sw.) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 991 (2016)
Name: Laurel roseta, Laurel geo colorado, Capberry
Distribution: Cameroon [I]; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. John); Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent
23 cmn 81 ABA CUB DOM GDL HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB STE STL STV VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Borbonia exaltata (Sw.) J.Presl; Přír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 2: 57 (1825)
= Laurus elongata Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 117 (1836)
= Laurus exaltata Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 65 (1788)
= Laurus patens Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 65 (1788)
= Nectandra coriacea (Sw.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 163 (1864)
= Nectandra coriacea f. dubia Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 461 (1889)
= Nectandra exaltata (Sw.) Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 111 (1866)
= Nectandra patens (Sw.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 281 (1860)
= Ocotea angustitepala (K.Krause) Robyns & R.Wilczek; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 20: 213 (1950), cum descr. ampl.
= Ocotea exaltata (Sw.) Proctor; J. Arnold Arbor. 63(3): 241 (1982)
= Ocotea jamaicensis Mez; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 241 (1903)
= Ocotea patens (Sw.) Alain; Phytologia 50(3): 162 (1982)
= Oreodaphne exaltata (Sw.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 406 (1836)
= Persea exaltata (Sw.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 268 (1825)
= Persea patens (Sw.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 270 (1825)
= Phoebe patens (Sw.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 117 (1836)
= Tylostemon angustitepalus Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 450 (1915)
species :
Damburneya purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 991 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Valle); Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Barinas, Portuguesa, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Acre); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo)
79 MEX 80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnobalanus latifolia (Kunth) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 141 (1864)
= Laurus purpurea Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 4: t. 351 (1804)
= Nectandra latifolia (Kunth) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 454 (1889)
= Nectandra polita Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 325 (1836)
= Nectandra polita var. oerstedii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 164 (1864)
= Nectandra purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 443 (1889)
= Ocotea flexuosa Rusby; Descr. S. Amer. Pl. 20 (1920)
= Ocotea latifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 165 (1817)
= Persea latifolia (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 270 (1825)
species :
Damburneya roberto-andinoi (C.Nelson) van der Werff; Novon 29: 49 (2021)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra roberto-andinoi (C.Nelson) C.Nelson; Ceiba 42(1): 35 (2001)
= Pleurothyrium roberto-andinoi C.Nelson; Phytologia 72(6): 402 (1992)
species :
Damburneya rudis (C.K.Allen) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 992 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; El Salvador
79 MEX 80 ELS GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra rudis C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 401 (1945)
species :
Damburneya salicifolia (Kunth) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 992 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Laurus granadensis Forsyth ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 164 (1864)
= Laurus pendens Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 302 (1836)
= Laurus splendens Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 302 (1836)
= Nectandra cayoana Lundell; Wrightia 5(9): 333 (1977)
= Nectandra loeseneri Mez; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 243 (1905)
= Nectandra salicifolia (Kunth) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 302 (1836)
= Nectandra sanguinea var. angustifolia Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 257 (1846)
= Nectandra sanguinea var. lanceolata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 164 (1864)
= Ocotea salicifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 166 (1817)
= Persea salicifolia (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 270 (1825)
species :
Damburneya salicina (C.K.Allen) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 992 (2016)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Costa Rica; Panama
79 MEX 80 COS PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra davidsoniana C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 369-370 (1945)
= Nectandra salicina C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 385 (1945)
species :
Damburneya smithii (C.K.Allen) Trofimov & Rohwer; Taxon 65(5): 992 (2016)
Distribution: Costa Rica; ?Panama
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra smithii C.K.Allen; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 370 (1945)
species :
Damburneya umbrosa (Kunth) Trofimov; Taxon 65(5): 992 (2016)
Distribution: Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Valle); Ecuador
80 COS HON NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceramocarpium umbrosum (Kunth) Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 129 (1864)
= Laurus umbrosa (Kunth) Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 456 (1836)
= Nectandra umbrosa (Kunth) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 462 (1889)
= Ocotea umbrosa Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 161 (1817)
= Oreodaphne humboldtii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 129 (1864)
= Oreodaphne umbrosa (Kunth) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 388 (1836)
= Persea umbrosa (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 269 (1825)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life