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384.0000 Family Caryophyllaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 299 (1789), nom. cons.
102 genera, ca. 3250 spp. Higher systematics: Xue et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 3336; hybrids: 59
= Alsinaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 159 (1825), nom. cons.
= Cerastiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 271, 292 (1818)
= Corrigiolaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 44, 49 (1829)
= Dianthaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Dianthaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 271, 293 (1818)
= Herniariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 307 (1820)
= Illecebraceae R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 413 (1810), nom. cons.
= Lychnidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 638 (1843)
= Minuartiaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 49 (1835)
= Ortegaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 443 (1820)
= Paronychiaceae Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 2: 386 (1815)
= Polycarpaeaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 49 (1835)
= Sabulinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 623 (1843)
= Saginaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 239 (1820)
= Scleranthaceae J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 66 (1822)
= Silenaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 160 (1825)
= Spergulaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 158 (1825)
= Stellariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 239 (1820)
= Telephiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1829)
384.0830 Genus Dianthus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 409 (1753)
Distribution: Eurasia (mostly Southern Europe: over 150), Africa, Russia (ca. 100, from European part to Far East). There are significant species delimitation problems in S- and SE-Europe based on many local, weakly separated species and rampant hybridization, leading also to oversplitting in many cases.
Species listed in database: 360; hybrids: 19
= Caryophyllus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
= Caryophyllus Tourn. ex Moench; Methodus [Moench] 58 (1794)
= Cylichnanthus Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 260 (1867)
= Diosanthos St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 87 (1880)
= Pleonanthus Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. [Ehrhart] 4: 148 (1789)
= Plumaria Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 75 (1852), nomen
= Tunica Ludw.; Inst. Regn. Veg., ed. 2: 129 (1757), nom. superfl.
= Velezia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 332 (1753)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life