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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.8205 Genus Diplospora DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 477 (1830)
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, S-China, Indochina, Malesia, Australia. Pubistylus might be a separate genus.
Species listed in database: 25
= Pubistylus Thoth; Reinwardtia 7: 283 (1966)
= Pseudodiplospora Deb; Phytotaxonomy 1: 53 (2001)
species :
Diplospora andamanensis (Thoth.) M.Gangop. & Chakrab.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 18(2): 397 (1994)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl.)
41 AND
Synonyms: hidden
= Pubistylus andamanensis Thoth.; Reinwardtia 7: 283 (1966)
= Diplospora parkinsonii M.Gangop. & Chakrab.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 12(2): 497 (1988 publ. 1989)(nom. nov.)
species :
Diplospora andamanica N.P.Balakr. & N.G.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 24(1-4): 31 (1982 publ. 1983)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl.)
41 AND
Synonyms: hidden
= Pseudodiplospora andamanica (N.P.Balakr. & N.G.Nair) Deb; Phytotaxonomy 1: 53 (2001)
species :
Diplospora bilocularis (Kurz) M.Gangop. & Chakrab.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 13(1): 88 (1989)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplospora kurzii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 125 (1880), nom. superfl.
= Discospermum biloculare (Kurz) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 281 (1891)
= Urophyllum biloculare Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 41(2): 313 (1872)
species :
Diplospora cuspidata Valeton; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 116 (1912)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
species :
Diplospora dubia (Lindl.) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 29: 269 (1939)
Distribution: China (Hainan, Guangdong, Hongkong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian); Japan (Tanegashima Isl., Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Laos; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 41 LAO VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Canthium dubium Lindl.; Bot. Reg., t. 1026 (1826)
= Canthium viridiflorum D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 780 (1839)
= Diplospora buisanensis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 9: 59 (1920)
= Diplospora tanakae Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 77 (1915)
= Diplospora viridiflora DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 477 (1830)
= Diplospora viridiflora var. tanakae (Hayata) Yamam.
= Discospermum dubium (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 281 (1891)
= Gardenia daphnoides Hance; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2: 796 (1852)
= Hypobathrum viridiflorum (DC.) Baill.; Adansonia 12: 212 (1879)
= Tricalysia dubia (Lindl.) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10: 137 (1941)
= Tricalysia lutea Hand.-Mazz.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 58: 232 (1921)
= Tricalysia viridiflora (DC.) Matsum.; Index Pl. Jap. [J.Matsumura] 2(2): 596 (1912)
= Tricalysia viridiflora var. buisanensis (Hayata) Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 8: 65 (1936)
= Tricalysia viridiflora var. tanakae (Hayata) Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 8: 65 (1936)
species :
Diplospora erythrospora (Thwaites) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 124 (1873)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Discospermum erythrosporum Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 158 (1859)
= Tricalysia erythrospora (Thwaites) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: Suppl., 151 (1931)
species :
Diplospora fasciculiflora Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 1007 (1911)
Distribution: Palawan (incl. Culion); Philippines (Luzon, Masbate, Mindanao)
42 PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Randia fasciculiflora Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 31 (1906)
= Tricalysia fasciculiflora (Elmer) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 113 (1915)
= Tricalysia fasciculiflora var. oblongifolia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 113 (1915)
species :
Diplospora fruticosa Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 283 (1888)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi); Tibet; Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Discospermum fruticosum (Hemsl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 281 (1891)
= Tricalysia fruticosa (Hemsl.) K.Schum. ex E.Pritz.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 582 (1901)
species :
Diplospora griffithii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 124 (1880)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin, Sagaing)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Discospermum griffithii (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 281 (1891)
species :
Diplospora kunstleri King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 72: 226 (1903)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang, Melaka)
42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Urophyllum potatorum King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 72: 195 (1903)
species :
Diplospora lasiantha Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 6: 39 (1915)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Johor)
42 MLY
species :
Diplospora majumdarii M.Gangop. & Chakrab.; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 13(1): 86 (1989)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak)
42 MLY
species :
Diplospora minahassae Koord.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 63: 77 (1897)
Distribution: Sumatera; Sulawesi
42 SUL SUM
Remarks: genus uncertain, according to Ali & Robbr. 1991 a member of Hypobathreae
species :
Diplospora mollissima Hutch.; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 3: 401 (1916)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricalysia mollissima (Hutch.) Hu; J. Arnold Arbor. 5: 233 (1924)
species :
Diplospora negrosensis (Elmer) Arriola & Alejandro; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 188(2): 141 (2018)
Distribution: Philippines (Negros)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricalysia negrosensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 518 (1908)
species :
Diplospora puberula (Merr.) S.J.Ali & Robbr.; Blumea 35(2): 299 (1991)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricalysia puberula Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 113 (1915)
species :
Diplospora pubescens Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 124 (1880)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Discospermum pubescens (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 281 (1891)
species :
Diplospora schmidtii (K.Schum.) Craib; Fl. Siam 2: 128 (1932)
Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia
41 THA 42 MLY
Remarks: genus uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Coffea schmidtii K.Schum.; Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 338 (1902)
species :
Diplospora sessilis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1329 (1912)
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricalysia sessilis (Elmer) Merr.; Enum. Philipp. Fl. Pl. 3: 535 (1923)
species :
Diplospora siamica Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 393 (1911)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin, Taninthayi); Thailand
41 MYA THA
species :
Diplospora sorsogonensis (Elmer) A.P.Davis; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 157(1): 122 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tricalysia sorsogonensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 9: 3269 (1934)
species :
Diplospora stylosa Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 10: 94 (1920)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; Cambodia; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah)
41 CBD THA 42 MLY
Remarks: genus uncertain
species :
Diplospora tinagoensis (Elmer) S.J.Ali & Robbr.; Blumea 35(2): 299 (1991)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (Negros, Leyte, Samar, Mindanao, Dinagat, Tinago)
42 BOR BRN PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Phaleria axillaris Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 2840 (1915) (Thymelaeaceae)
= Tricalysia tinagaoense Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 34 (1906)
species :
Diplospora velutina King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 72: 226 (1903)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Selama, Perak)
42 MLY
Remarks: genus uncertain
species :
Diplospora wrayi King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 72: 225 (1903)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang, Selangor); Sumatera
42 MLY SUM
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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