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493.0000 Family Gentianaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 141 (1789), nom. cons.
95 genera, ca. 1850 spp.
Species listed in database: 1857; hybrids: 24
= Chironiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 1(104-114): 1, 36 (1823)
= Coutoubeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Obolariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 427 (1820)
= Potaliaceae Mart.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Martius] 2: 89, 91, 133 (1827)
= Saccifoliaceae Maguire & Pires; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 242 (1978)
493.0733 Genus Enicostema Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 848 (1826), nom. cons.
Distribution 1 C-America and Caribbean, 1 trop. Old World, 1 Madagascar
Species listed in database: 3
= Adenema G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 201 (1837)
= Hippion F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): (1796) 8, partim, Spreng. Syst. 1: 505 (1825), partim
= Lepinema Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 26 (1837)
= Slevogtia Rchb.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 133 (1828)

Search for: Enicostema axillare-subsp.-axillare

Nothing found!
species :
Enicostema axillare (Lam.) A.Raynal; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 75 (1969)
subspecies :
subsp. axillare
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates [I]; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Vietnam
20 EGY 24 ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 35 OMA qat uae YEM 40 IND PAK SRL 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Enicostema hyssopifolium (Willd.) I.Verd.; Bothalia 7: 462 (1961) (bona sp.?)
= Adenema hyssopifolium (Willd.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 201 (1837)
= Cicendia hyssopifolia (Willd.) Wight & Arn.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 249 (1836)
= Enicostema verticillare (Retz.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 10: 131 (1888)
= Exacum hyssopifolium Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 640 (1798)
= Gentiana axillaris Poir. ex Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 487 (1793)
= Gentiana verticillaris (L.) Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 2: 15 (1781)
= Hippion hyssopifolium (Willd.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 589 (1827)
= Hippion orientale Dalzell & A.Gibson; Bombay Fl. [Dalzell & Gibson] 157 (1861)
= Hippion verticillatum var. hyssopifolium (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 428 (1891)
= Slevogtia orientalis Griseb.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 66 (1845)
= Gentiana hyssopifolia Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 589 (1824)
= Xolemia axillaris (Poir. ex Lam.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 22 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. latilobum (N.E.Br.) A.Raynal; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 77 (1969)
Distribution: E-Kenya; E-Tanzania (incl. Pemba Isl.); Mozambique
25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Enicostema latiloba N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(1): 564 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. littorale (Blume) A.Raynal; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 78 (1969)
Distribution: Java (incl. Madura Isl.); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Timor); Cocos [Keeling] Isl.
42 CKI JAW LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Cicendia hyssopifolia Wight & Arn.; Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 249 (1837)
= Enicostema littorale Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 848 (1826)
= Hippion controversum Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 340 (1827)
= Hippion littorale Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 559 (1857)
= Hippion maritimum F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10 (1796)
= Hippion verticillatum var. maritimum (Dalzell) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 428 (1891)
= Slevogtia maritima Dalzell; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2: 137 (1850)
species :
Enicostema elizabethae Veldkamp; Blumea 16: 136 (1968)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Enicostema verticillatum (L.) Engl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 313 (1895)
Name: Fowl Tongue, Quinine Bush, Zeb Kinin (Trinidad & Tobago); Genciana de costa, Genciana de la tierra (Cuba), Balai-savane, Balai-savane batard, Lang poul, Langue poule (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St. Kitts; Antigua; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Bolívar, Guarico, Lara, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Yaracuy); Guyana
80 COS NIC PAN 81 ABA BBD CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS MAR PUE STK STL STV TRT VEN 82 GUY VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenema hyssopifolium G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 201 (1837)
= Centaurium verticillatum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 341 (1914)
= Coutoubea verticillata G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 48 (1830)
= Enicostema occidentale (Griseb.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 710 (1964)
= Ericoila verticillata (L.) Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 27 (1796)
= Exacum verticillatum (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 640 (1798)
= Gentiana hyssopifolia L. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 589 (1824)
= Gentiana lignosa Murray ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 674 (1841)
= Gentiana octoflora Vitman; Summa Pl. 2: 114 (1789)
= Gentiana verticillata L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 952 (1759)
= Hippion verticillatum (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 11 (1796)
= Hippion verticillatum var. occidentale (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 428 (1891)
= Slevogtia occidentalis Griseb.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 66 (1845)
= Slevogtia verticillata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 532 (1837)
= Centaurium fastigiatum (Wallr.) Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 613 (1917)
= Centaurium minus var. pienicicum (Borbás) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85: 439 (1974)
= Centaurium sylvaticum (Kanitz) Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 614 (1917)
= Lisianthus longiflorus Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 787 (1819)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life