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293.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4089; hybrids: 111
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
293.7395 Genus Eruca Hill; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
Distribution: Mediterranean, Asia to India and China. The genus belongs probably in Brassica s. lat.
Species listed in database: 2
= Euzomum Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 175 (1822)
= Velleruca Pomel; Mat. Fl. Atl. 12 (1860)
species :
Eruca foleyi (Batt.) Lorite, Perfectti, J.M.Gómez, Gonz.-Megías & Abdelaziz; PeerJ 5(e3964): 18 (2017)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria (Sahara oranais)
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Moricandia foleyi Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 61: 52 (1914)
species :
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 426 (1802)
subspecies :
subsp. vesicaria
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; Albania [I]; Morocco; Algeria
12 BAL POR SPA 13 alb 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica eruca L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 667 (1753)
= Brassica pinnatifida Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 95 (1798)
= Brassica vesicaria L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 668 (1753)
= Eruca aurea Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 247 (1900 publ. 1901)
= Eruca brevirostris Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 226 (1875)
= Eruca eruca (L.) Asch. & Graebn.; Fl. Nordostdeut. Flachl. 362 (1898), nom. inval.
= Eruca eruca (L.) Britton; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 2: 192 (1913)
= Eruca longirostris Uechtr.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 133 (1874)
= Eruca longirostris var. leptocarpa Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 4: 16 (1891)
= Eruca orthosepala (Lange) Lange; Index Sem. Hort. Univ. Haun. 28 (1857)
= Eruca pinnatifida (Desf.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 367 (1875)
= Eruca sativa subsp. aurea (Batt.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 279 (1932)
= Eruca sativa subsp. longirostris (Uechtr.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 279 (1932)
= Eruca sativa subsp. pinnatifida (Desf.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 55 (1888)
= Eruca sativa subsp. vesicaria (L.) Jahand. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 279 (1932), nom. superfl.
= Eruca sativa subsp. vesicaria (L.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 279 (1932), nom. illeg.
= Eruca sativa var. aurea (Batt.) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 184 (1919)
= Eruca sativa var. brevirostris (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 54 (1888)
= Eruca sativa var. eriocarpa Leredde; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 44: 244 (1954)
= Eruca sativa var. longirostris (Uechtr.) Batt.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 211 (1887)
= Eruca sativa var. longirostris (Uechtr.) Rouy; Rev. Sci. Nat. (Montpellier), Sér. 3, 3: 69 (1883)
= Eruca sativa var. pinnatifida (Desf.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 211 (1887)
= Eruca sativa var. vesicaria (L.) Coss.; Comp. Fl. Atlant. 2: 211 (1887), nom. superfl.
= Eruca vesicaria subsp. longirostris (Uechtr.) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria subsp. pinnatifida (Desf.) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria subsp. pinnatifida (Desf.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 201 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria var. aurea (Batt.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria var. longirostris (Uechtr.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 400 (1936)
= Euzomum vesicarium (Crantz) Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 319 (1831)
= Euzomum vesicarium (L.) Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 319 (1831)
= Raphanus eruca (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 111 (1769)
= Raphanus vesicarius (L.) Crantz; Cl. Crucif. Emend. 111 (1769)
= Sinapis eruca (L.) Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 220 (1811)
= Sinapis eruca (L.) Vest; Man. Bot. [Vest] 586 (1805)
= Velleruca vesicaria (L.) Pomel; Mat. Fl. Atl. 12 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 201 (1918)
Name: Blasige Rauke, Futter-Rauke (DE); Rocketsalad, Garden Rocket (EN); Ruca (ES); Rucola (IT)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Shetland Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Norway [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Hungary; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Sark [I], Jersey [I]); Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (lowlands, incl. many islands); Crete; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro); Chad [c]; Chad [I]; Sudan; South Sudan; Djibouti; N-Somalia; Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I]; Siberia [I] (Buryatia [I], W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Parwan, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Inner Hadhramaut); China (Gansu, Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Waziristan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Chitral, Swat, Hazara); India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Indian Punjab, Uttarakhand, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, Rajasthan, Maharashtra); Bangladesh [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Chatham Isl. [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], Ontario [I], Quebec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Illinois [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Dakota [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I])
10 grb ire nor 11 aut ger HUN pol SWI 12 cis COR FRA SAR 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL ROM SIC SLV sma SRB TUE 14 BLR est lat RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 24 cha DJI SOM SSU SUD 26 zim 27 saf 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 37 MON 40 ban IND PAK 50 aus 51 ctm 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 els 82 clm 83 bol ecu 85 arg cle par
Remarks: Al-Shehbaz 2019 recomments treatment as subspecies
Synonyms: hidden
= Brassica erucoides Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 2: 621 (1815)
= Brassica erucoides Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. (48) (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 117 (1832)
= Brassica erysimoides Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 912 (1825), non Pourr.
= Brassica hispida Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 39 (1811)
= Brassica lativalvis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 72 (1846)
= Brassica sativa (Mill.) Y.Z.Zhao; Collect. Works Zhao Yizhi 204 (2018)
= Brassica turgida Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 207 (1806)
= Brassica uechtritziana Janka; Természetrajzi Füz. 6: 182 (1882)
= Crucifera eruca E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 6: 131 (1902)
= Eruca cappadocica Reut.; Cat. Hort. Genèv., p. ? (1857)
= Eruca cappadocica Reut. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 6: 13 (1859)
= Eruca cappadocica var. eriocarpa Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 396 (1867)
= Eruca deserti Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 2: 226 (1875)
= Eruca foetida Moench; Methodus [Moench] 256 (1794)
= Eruca glabrescens Jord.; Diagn. Esp. Nouv. 1: 193 (1864)
= Eruca glabrescens var. valverdensis Pit.; Îles Canaries [Pitard & Proust] 104 (1909)
= Eruca grandiflora Cav.; Descr. Pl. [Cavanilles] 426 (1802)
= Eruca hispida (Ten.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 638 (1821)
= Eruca lanceolata Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 367 (1875)
= Eruca lativalvis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 12 (1846)
= Eruca longistyla (Pomel) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 368 (1875)
= Eruca oleracea J.St.-Hil.; Pl. France 4: 22 (1809)
= Eruca permixta Jord.; Diagn. Esp. Nouv. 1: 193 (1864)
= Eruca ruchetta Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 6: 355 (1838)
= Eruca sativa proles glabrescens (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 64 (1895)
= Eruca sativa proles permixta (Jord.) Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 64 (1895)
= Eruca sativa Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 1 (1768)
= Eruca sativa subsp. lativalvis (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 13(1): 88 (1983)
= Eruca sativa subsp. stenocarpa (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 2: 279 (1932)
= Eruca sativa var. dasycarpa Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 63 (1895)
= Eruca sativa var. deserti (Pomel) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 54 (1888)
= Eruca sativa var. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Post; Fl. Symb. Orient.-Asiat. 79 (1883)
= Eruca sativa var. hispida (Ten.) J.Groves; Piantae Tripol. [Pampanini] 103 (1914)
= Eruca sativa var. hispida Rouy & Foucaud; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 2: 63 (1895)
= Eruca sativa var. polysperma Rouy; Rev. Sci. Nat. (Montpellier), Sér. 3, 3: 69 (1883), nom. superfl.
= Eruca sativa var. stenocarpa (Boiss. & Reut.) Coss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 233 (1854)
= Eruca stenocarpa Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 8 (1852)
= Eruca stenocarpa var. major Rouy; Rev. Sci. Nat. (Montpellier), Sér. 3, 2: 559 (1883)
= Eruca subbipinnata Chiov.; Atti Soc. Naturalisti Modena 63: 35 (1932) (Eritrea)
= Eruca sylvestris Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 3: 194 (1901)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 203 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. glabrescens (Jord.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 202 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. hispida (Ten.) Thell.; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. hispidivalvis Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 202 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. longistyla (Pomel) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 203 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria subvar. oleracea (J.St.-Hil.) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria subsp. lativalvis (Boiss.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 203 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria var. albiflora DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 639 (1821)
= Eruca vesicaria var. cappadocica (Boiss.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 400 (1936)
= Eruca vesicaria var. cappadocica (Reut.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4(1): 203 (1918)
= Eruca vesicaria var. deserti (Pomel) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 12: 309 (1965)
= Eruca vesicaria var. flaviflora DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 639 (1821)
= Eruca vesicaria var. lanceolata (Pomel) Emb. & Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1004 (1941)
= Eruca vesicaria var. longistyla (Pomel) O.E.Schulz; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.105, Heft 70-71 (Crucif.): 189 (1919)
= Eruca vesicaria var. orthosepala Lange; Index Sem. (Copenhagen) 1853: 18 (1853)
= Eruca vesicaria var. sativa (Garsault) Thell.; Fl. Advent. Montpellier 260 (1912), nom. inval.
= Eruca vesicaria var. stenocarpa (Boiss. & Reut.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 400 (1936), isonym
= Eruca vesicaria var. stenocarpa (Boiss. & Reut.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 4: 202 (1918)
= Euzomum hispidum (Ten.) Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 319 (1831)
= Euzomum sativum Link; Handbuch [Link] 2: 319 (1831)
= Sinapis exotica DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 638 (1821)
= Velleruca longistyla Pomel; Mat. Fl. Atl. 12 (1860)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.05 (May 23rd, 2025)

Covering 356,547 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,107 synonyms,
in total 1,416,616* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life