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Ver. 25.02
Feb. 8th, 2025

341.0000 Family Euphorbiaceae A.Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 384 (1789), nom. cons. (s. str.)
210 genera, ca. 6700 spp.
Species listed in database: 6480; hybrids: 56
= Acalyphaceae A.Juss. ex Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan. 172 (1839)
= Bertyaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 190 (1858)
= Cheilosaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxi (2001)
= Crotonaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 258 (1858)
= Hippomanaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 244 (1858)
= Mercurialaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 237 (1820)
= Ricinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 547 (1820)
= Ricinocarpaceae Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot., 6: 224 (1954)
= Tithymalaceae Vent.; Tabl. Regn. Vég. 3: 483 (1799)
= Tragiaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 111 (1838)
= Trewiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 174 (1836)
341.5241 Genus Euphorbia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 450 (1753)
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Species listed in database: 2027; hybrids: 48
= Adenopetalum Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859 (1860) 250, et Abh. Acad. Berl. 47 (1860)
= Adenorima Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Agaloma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Aklema Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Alectoroctonum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Allobia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Anisophyllum Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 159 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Anthacantha Lem.; Ill. Hort. (1858) Misc. 64
= Aplarina Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 99 (1836)
= Arthrothamnus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 251 (1859)
= Athymalus Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 353 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Chamaesyce Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 260 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Characias Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Chylogala Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 150 (1869)
= Crepidaria Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 136 (1812), nom. superfl.
= Ctenadena Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 13, in clavi, 28 (1933)
= Cubanthus (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 371 (1913)
= Cyathophora Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 117 (1836)
= Cystidospermum Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 13, in clavi, 25 (1933)
= Dactylanthes Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 132 (1812)
= Dematra Raf.; Autik. Bot. 96 (1840)
= Desmonema Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 177 (1833)
= Diadenaria Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 254 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 107 (1860)
= Dichylium Britton; Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands 6: 5: 499 (1924)
= Diplocyathium Heinr.Schmidt; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22(1): 40 (1907)
= Ditritra Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)
= Elaeophorbia Stapf; H. H. Johnston, Liberia 2: 646 (1906)
= Endadenium L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 1 (1-2): 31 (1973)
= Endoisila Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Epurga Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 150 (1869)
= Esula (Pers.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Euforbia Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 258 ((1811-1815))
= Eumecanthus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 248 (1859)
= Euphorbiastrum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 252 (1860)
= Euphorbiodendron Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 305 (1909)
= Euphorbion St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 125 (1880)
= Euphorbiopsis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 446 (1911)
= Euphorbium Hill; Brit. Herb. [Hill] 157 (1756)
= Galarhoeus Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 143 (1812)
= Hexadenia Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 253 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 106 (1860)
= Kanopikon Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Keraselma Neck.; Elem. 2: 353 (1790)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Juss.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F. Cuvier], ed. 2, 24: 387 (1822)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Kobiosis Raf.; Autik. Bot. 94 (1840), Pennell, in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 94 (1921)
= Lacanthis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 94 (1836)
= Lepadena Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 113 (1836)
= Leptopus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 249 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Lophobios Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Lortia Rendle; J. Bot. 36: 29 (1898)
= Lyciopsis (Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 37 (1867)
= Medusea Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 133 (1812)
= Monadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 126 (1894)
= Murtekias Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Nisomenes Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Peccana Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Pedilanthus Neck.; Elem. 2: 354 (1790) ex Poit. (1812)
= Pedilanthus Neck. ex Poit.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 19: 388 (1812), nom. cons.
= Petaloma Raf. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 63 (1862), pro syn.
= Pleuradena Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 182 (1833)
= Poinsettia Graham; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 20: 412 (1836)
= Pythius Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Sclerocyathium Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 14, in clavi, 30 (1933)
= Stenadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 343 (1901)
= Sterigmanthe Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 252 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 100 (1860)
= Synadenium Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 187 (1862)
= Tirucalia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Tithymaloides Ludw. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891), orth. var.
= Tithymaloides Ortega; Tabl. Bot. 9 (1773), nom. rej.
= Tithymalopsis Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Tithymalus Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 115 (1790), nom. cons.
= Tithymalus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s.p. (1754), nom. rej.
= Tithymalus Ség.; Pl. Veron. 3: 91 (1754), nom. illeg.
= Torfasadis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1838)
= Treisia Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 131 (1812)
= Trichosterigma Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 248 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 41 (1860)
= Tumalis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Vallaris Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Ventenatia Tratt.; Gen. Pl. [Trattinick] 86 (1802)
= Xamesike Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836)
= Zalitea Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 98 (1836)
= Zygophyllidium Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 714 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia aaron-rossii A.H.Holmgren & N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 40(4): 357 (1988)
Name: Marble Canyon spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona)
76 USA
species :
Euphorbia abdelkuri Balf.f.; Rep. Brit. Ass. Glasgow 854 (1901), et in W. R. Ogilvie-Grant et al., Nat. Hist. Sokotra 528 (1903)
Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.
24 SOC
species :
Euphorbia abdita (D.G.Burch) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 25(1): 172 (1971)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce abdita D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 177 (1969)
species :
Euphorbia abdulghafooriana Abedin; Fl. Kingdom Saudi Arabia 2(1): 321 (2001 publ. 2001), nom. inval., et Pakistan J. Bot. 37(1): 31 (2005)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia
35 SAU
species :
Euphorbia abortiva Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. CXII, no. 316 (1775)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen: Tihama)
35 YEM
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Euphorbia abramsiana L.C.Wheeler; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 33: 109 (1934)
Name: Abrams´ sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce abramsiana (L.C.Wheeler) Koutnik; Madroño 32(3): 188 (1985)
= Euphorbia pediculifera var. abramsiana (L.C.Wheeler) Ewan; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 2: 427 (1936)
species :
Euphorbia abyssinica J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis] 759 (1791), A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 239
subspecies :
subsp. abyssinica
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti
24 DJI ERI ETH SUD
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. erythraeae A.Berger; Sukkul. Euphorb. 73 (1907 publ. 1906)
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. tetragona Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7(App. 1): 319 (1899)
= Euphorbia acrurensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 595 (1912)
= Euphorbia aethiopum Croizat; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 575 (1941)
= Euphorbia controversa N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 588 (1912)
= Euphorbia disclusa N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 592 (1912)
= Euphorbia erythraeae (Berger) N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 596 (1912), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia grandis Lem.; Ill. Hort. 4(Misc.): 101 (1857)
= Euphorbia hararensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia neglecta N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 593 (1912)
= Euphorbia neutra A.Berger; Sukkul. Euphorb. 71 (1907 publ. 1906)
= Euphorbia obovalifolia A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 239 (1850)
= Euphorbia officinarum var. kolquall Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 2: 884 (1799)
= Euphorbia richardiana Baill.; Adansonia 1: 105 (1860 publ. 1861)
species :
Euphorbia acalyphoides Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 98 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. acalyphoides
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); W-Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert)
20 EGY 24 CHA ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia acalyphoides var. arabica Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 98 (1862)
= Euphorbia fodhliana Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 230 (1896)
= Euphorbia incurva N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 552 (1911)
= Euphorbia thelesperma Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 98 (1862) (pro syn.)
= Tithymalus acalyphoides (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 38 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. cicatricosa S.Carter; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 230 (1984)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Somalia
24 ETH SOM
species :
Euphorbia acanthoclada Pahlevani; Phytotaxa 312(1): 84 (2017)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
species :
Euphorbia acanthodes Akhani; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146(1): 108 (2004)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia acanthothamnos Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(4): 86 (1859)
Name: Griechische Dornwolfsmilch (DE); Greek Spiny Spurge (EN)
Distribution: Greece (C- & S-Greece, Ionian Isl., Sporades, Skiros, Kiklades, Limnos, Athos); Crete (widespread); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Simi, Tilos, Chalki, Rhodos, Kasos, Karpathos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus acanthothamnos (Heldr. & Sartori ex Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia accedens Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 456 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia acerensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 55 (1862)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia longipila Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 442 (1907)
species :
Euphorbia acervata S.Carter; Kew Bull. 54(4): 962 (1999 publ. 2000)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia acolumella Sarojin. & Raja Kullayisw.; Rheedea 34(4): 216 (2024)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Euphorbia actinoclada S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3851 (1982)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia aculeata Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 94 (1775)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 YEM
species :
Euphorbia acuta Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 189 (1858), nom. cons.
Name: Pointed sandmat
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce acuta (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 407 (1916)
= Euphorbia acuta var. stenophylla Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 18 (1862)
= Euphorbia georgei Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989), nom. nov. superfl.
species :
Euphorbia addoensis Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 15(1): 5 (2019)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia adenensis Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 34: 67 (1887)
Distribution: Sudan; Somalia; Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen)
24 SOC SOM SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia balsamifera subsp. adenensis (Deflers) P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 29: 390 (1974)
= Tithymalus adenensis (Deflers) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia adenochila S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45: 653-659 (1990)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia adenochlora C.Morren & Decne.; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 3: 174 (1836)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia japonica Zoll. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 137 (1862), pro syn.
= Euphorbia rochebrunei Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 485 (1878)
= Galarhoeus adenochlorus (C.Morren & Decne.) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 11: 383 (1935)
= Tithymalus adenochlorus (C.Morren & Decne.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 3: 53 (1954)
species :
Euphorbia adenoplicata O.L.M.Silva & Cordeiro; Syst. Bot. 45: 131 (2020)
Distribution: Brazil (Tocantins)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia adenopoda Baill.; Adansonia 1: 141 (1860 publ. 1861)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia mancinella Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 623 (1886)
= Euphorbia phanerophlebias Baker ex Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 58 (1921) (in syn.)
= Euphorbia sapiifolia Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 616 (1886)
species :
Euphorbia adenoptera Bertol.; Misc. Bot. [Bertoloni] 3: 20, t. 23 (1844)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Sonora, Puebla, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Navassa Isl.; Curacao; ?Guyana; French Guiana; Paraguay (Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)
79 MEX 81 CUB CUR HIS NAV 82 FRG 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum amoenum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 33 (1860)
= Anisophyllum inaequale Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859 27 (1860)
= Anisophyllum lindenianum (A.Rich.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 37 (1860)
= Chamaesyce adenoptera (Bertol.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 714 (1903)
= Chamaesyce amoena (Klotzsch & Garcke) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 392 (1914)
= Chamaesyce inaequalis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 386 (1914)
= Euphorbia amoena Klotzsch; Reis. Br.-Guiana [Ri. Schomburgk] 1184 (1848), nomen
= Euphorbia anceps Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 162 (1846)
= Euphorbia barkeri Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 20A(15): 67 (1926)
= Euphorbia callitrichoides Schauer; Linnaea 20: 727 (1847), nom. illeg., non Kunth
= Euphorbia lindeniana A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba 11: 197 (1850)
species :
Euphorbia adianthoides Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 426 (1788)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus adiantoides (Lam.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
= Leptopus adiantoides (Lam.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859) ex B. D. Jacks., Index Kew. 2: 63 (1894)
= Leptopus hartwegii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 46 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia adjurana P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3875 (1982)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia adriatica Stojilk., Záveská & Frajman; Frontiers Pl. Sci. (Online journal) 13: 18 (2022)
Distribution: Slovenia
13 SLV
species :
Euphorbia aeruginosa Schweick.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 205 (1935)
Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)
27 BOT SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
species :
Euphorbia agatheae Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 4 (2021)
Distribution: S- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia agowensis Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 70 (1862)
Distribution: ?Sudan; Ethiopia; S-Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
24 ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce wightiana (Hook.f.) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 37(5): 454 (1977) 37(5): 454 (1977)
= Euphorbia effusa Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 71 (1862)
= Euphorbia wightiana Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 248 (1887), nom. illeg., non Boiss. (1860)
= Tithymalus agowensis (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 38 (1867)
variant :
var. pseudoholstii (Pax) P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 650 (1984)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Angola; N-Yemen; India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN 26 ANG 35 YEM 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pearsonii N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 1038 (1913)
= Euphorbia pseudoholstii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 287 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia agraria M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 375 (1808)
Name: Urban spurge (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece (far northeast); W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Canada [I] (Alberta [I]); USA [I] (Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Massachusetts [I], Minnesota [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New York [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota [I], Wyoming [I])
11 ger 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC NMA ROM TUE 14 KRY UKR 32 KAZ 34 TUR 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa
Remarks: records from Greece refer to E. euboea fide Strid (2024)
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia agraria var. euboea (Halácsy) Hayek
= Euphorbia agraria var. thyrsiflora (Griseb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 653 (1881)
= Euphorbia agrorum Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 579 (1850)
= Euphorbia euboea Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 107 (1904) (known only from a single collection)
= Euphorbia nitens Trevir.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 7: 149 (1816)
= Euphorbia thyrsiflora Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 143 (1843)
= Euphorbia transsilvanica Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 3: 124 (1852)
= Tithymalus agrarius (M.Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 89 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia akenocarpa Guss.; Cat. Pl. Boccad. 75 (1821)
Distribution: S-Spain (Cadiz); Gibraltar; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 GIB SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: valerianifolia agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia achanocarpa Guss. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 797 (1826), sphalm.
= Euphorbia sphaerococca Salzm. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 756 (1832)
= Tithymalus acenocarpus (Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 79 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia akmanii I.Genç & Kültür; Phytotaxa 265: 280 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Euphorbia alaica (Prokh.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 57 (1933)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan
32 KGZ TZK
Remarks: sect. Chylogala
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus alaicus Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 34, in clavi, 57 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia alainii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce montana Alain; Moscosoa 1(1): 25 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia alata Hook.; Icon. Pl., t. 700 (1844)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia alata (Hook.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia alatavica Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 33 (1860)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia alatavica f. kaschgarica (Regel) Baikov; Turczaninowia 4(4): 51 (2001)
= Euphorbia altaica var. pilosa Stschegl.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 54(5): 194 (1879)
= Euphorbia buchtormensis var. alatavica (Boiss.) Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 400 (1879)
= Euphorbia kaschgarica Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 401 (1879)
= Galarhoeus alatavicus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 26 (1941)
= Tithymalus alatavicus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 43, in clavi, 95 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia alatocaulis V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Aliso 16(1): 37 (1997)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia albipollinifera L.C.Leach; S. African J. Bot. 51(4): 281 (1985)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia albomarginata Torr. & A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 2: 174 (1856)
Name: Whitemargin sandmat
Distribution: Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); USA (Arizona, California, Louisiana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
63 haw 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & A.Gray) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 710 (1903)
= Chamaesyce hartwegiana (Boiss.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] ed. 2, 1349 (1913)
= Euphorbia hartwegiana Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 31 (1862)
= Euphorbia stipulacea Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 30 (1862) (pro syn.)
species :
Euphorbia albrechtii Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 459 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia alcicornis Baker; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 517 (1887)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia imerina Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54: 51 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia aleppica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 458 (1753)
Name: Aleppo-Wolfsmilch (DE); Aleppo Spurge (EN)
Distribution: France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (rare C-Greece, Attiki, NE-Peloponnisos); Ukraine; Crimea; ?Morocco; Tunisia; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Kasos, Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
12 COR FRA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS NMA SIC TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 TUN 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula aleppica (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 17: 149 (1869)
= Esula juncoides Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 157 (1812)
= Euphorbia aleppica var. prostrata Kasapligil; J. Arnold Arbor. 47: 170 (1966)
= Euphorbia condensata Fisch. ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 322 (1819)
= Euphorbia juncea Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 142 (1789)
= Euphorbia juncoides (Haw.) Sweet; Hort. Suburb. Lond. 108 (1818)
= Euphorbia pinifolia Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow], Suppl. 28 (1814), nomen
= Galarhoeus aleppicus (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 151 (1812)
= Galarhoeus junceus (Aiton) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 150 (1812)
= Tithymalus aleppicus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 84 (1860)
= Tithymalus connata Raf.; Autik. Bot. 92 (1840)
species :
Euphorbia alfredii Rauh; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 59(5): 209 (1987)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Ankarana Mts.)
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia allocarpa S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 644 (1984)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia alluaudii Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 43 (1903)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia alluaudii subsp. oncoclada (Drake) F.Friedmann & Cremers; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 16(2): 256 (1976)
= Euphorbia leucodendron Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 9: 46 (1903)
= Euphorbia leucodendron subsp. oncoclada (Drake) Rauh & Koutnik; Succ. & Xeroph. Pl. Madagascar 2: 106 (1998)
= Euphorbia oncoclada Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 9: 44 (1903)
= Tirucalia alluaudii (Drake) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
= Tirucalia alluaudii subsp. oncoclada (Drake) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia alpina C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia alpina var. rupicola Baikov; Turczaninowia 4(4): 54 (2001)
= Euphorbia cerinthifolia Fisch. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 123 (1862)
= Euphorbia drastica Siev.; Neueste Nord. Beytr. Phys. Geogr. Erd- Völkerbeschreib. 7: 236 (1796), nomen
= Euphorbia sibirica Fisch. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 123 (1862)
= Tithymalus alpinus (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 70 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia alsinifolia Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 16 (1860)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia alsinoides Miq.; Linnaea 26: 222 (1854)
Distribution: India
40 IND
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Euphorbia alta Norton; Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 108 (1900)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Veracruz, etc.)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus altus (Norton) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia altaica C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang, N-China)
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia altaica var. sajanensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 138 (1862)
= Euphorbia ambukensis Stepanov; Florogenet. Anal. Na Primere Sev.-Vost. Chasti Zap. Sayana 1: 83 (1994)
= Euphorbia sajanensis (Boiss.) Baikov; Turczaninowia 4(4): 59 (2001)
= Tithymalus altaicus (Ledeb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 79 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia altissima Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 5: 52 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Cyprus (N-Cyprus)
34 CYP IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus altissimus (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 80 (1860)
variant :
var. glabrescens Boiss. ex M.S.Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 25: 97 (1964)
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR TUR
species :
Euphorbia altotibetica Paulsen; Hedin, S. Tibet 6(3): 56 (1922)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia przewalskii Prokh.; Izv. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 6, 10: 1370 in obs., 1383 in clavi (1926)
= Galarhoeus altotibeticus (Paulsen) Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 26 (1941)
= Tithymalus altotibeticus (Paulsen) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 34, in clavi, 68, in obs. (1933)
= Tithymalus przewalskii (Prokh.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 175 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia amandi Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Name: J´alpa [Chile]
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, San Juan); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia minuta Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile (1891) 76 (non Loscos & Pardo)
species :
Euphorbia ambacensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 1041 (1913)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia ambarivatoensis Rauh & Bard.-Vauc.; Succulentes 22(3): 7 (1999)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambohimiangarana J.-P.Castillon; Euphorbia World 18(2): 35 (2023)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambonaivoensis Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 8(2): 34 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambovombensis Rauh & Razaf.; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 59(6): 251 (1987)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambatomenahensis Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 2(1): 31 (2010), nom. inval., et Cact. Succ. 5(1): 4 (2013)
= Euphorbia ambovombensis var. ambatomenaensis Rebmann; Succulentes 2003(3): 20 (2003), nom. inval., et Cact. Succ. 2(1): 30 (2010), nom. inval.
species :
Euphorbia ambroseae L.C.Leach; Kirkia 4: 15 (1964)
Distribution: S-Malawi; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambroseae var. spinosa L.C.Leach; Kirkia 10(2): 397 (1977)
species :
Euphorbia amicorum S.Carter; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 73(4): 177 (2001)
Distribution: Djibouti
24 DJI
species :
Euphorbia ammatotricha Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 10 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce ammatotricha (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia ammophila S.Carter & Dioli; Nordic J. Bot. 23(3): 295 (2005)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia amplexicaulis Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 183 (1851)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce amplexicaulis (Hook.f.) D.G.Burch.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 175 (1969)
species :
Euphorbia ampliphylla Pax; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 186 (1897)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
24 ERI ETH SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia menelikii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia sancta Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia winkleri Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 342 (1901)
species :
Euphorbia amygdaloides L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 463 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. amygdaloides
Name: Mandelblättrige Wolfsmilch (DE), Wood Spurge (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (incl. Athos, Thasos, Kerkyra, NE-Greece); Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Tunisia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); New Zealand [I]
10 GRB ire 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG TUN 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 51 nzl
Remarks: amygdaloides agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Characias amygdaloides (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 260 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Esula amygdaloides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 154 (1812)
= Esula sylvatica (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. biennis (Maire) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992 publ. 1993)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. fissicornis Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 94: 134 (1917)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. ligulata (Chaub.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 38 Bot. 1: 84 (1974)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. minor (Gaudin) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. purpurata (Coss. & Germ.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. verticillata Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 14: 158 (1916)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. villosa Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 14: 158 (1916)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides subsp. chaixiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 651 (1881)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. biennis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 228 (1935)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. chaixiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 170 (1862)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. ligulata (Chaub.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 170 (1862)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. sventenii (Marcet) Losa; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 7: 428 (1947)
= Euphorbia chaixiana Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 4, 6: 152 (1856)
= Euphorbia ligulata Chaub.; Ann. Sci. Observ. 4: t. 6 (1830)
= Euphorbia micans Scheele; Linnaea 16: 343 (1843)
= Euphorbia nemoralis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 390 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Euphorbia orjeni Beck; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Mus. Bosni Hercegovini 32: 97 (1920)
= Euphorbia sanguinea Thore; J. Bot. [Desvaux] 1: 195 (1809)
= Euphorbia sventenii Marcet; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 43: 36 (1945)
= Euphorbia sylvatica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 463 (1753)
= Euphorbia sylvatica subvar. purpurata Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 601 (1861)
= Euphorbia sylvatica var. minor Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 3: 281 (1828)
= Euphorbia turneri Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 4: 428 (1916 publ. 1917)
= Keraselma sylvaticum (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med. t. 594 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. [Hill] 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus sylvaticus (L.) Hill; Hort Kew. 172/4 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. robbiae (Turrill) Stace; Watsonia 17(4): 443 (1989)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); European Turkey; NW-Turkey
10 grb ire 13 TUE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. robbiae (Turrill) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 30(4): 698 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Euphorbia robbiae Turrill; Bot. Mag. 169: t. 208 (1953)
= Tithymalus robbiae (Turrill) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. semiperfoliata (Viv.) Radcl.-Sm.; Feddes Repert. 79: 65 (1968)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. semiperfoliata (Viv.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia semiperfoliata Viv.; Fl. Cors. Sp. Nov. 7 (1824)
= Tithymalus amygdaloides subsp. semiperfoliatus (Viv.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus semiperfoliatus (Viv.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 95 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia anacampseros Balansa ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 174 (1862)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 BUL 34 TUR
Remarks: myrsinites agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia anacampseros var. minor Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 174 (1862)
= Euphorbion anacampserum (Balansa ex Boiss.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Tithymalus anacampseros (Balansa ex Boiss.) Klotzsch; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 86 (1860)
variant :
var. tmolae M.S.Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 25: 145 (1964)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Euphorbia anachoreta Svent.; Index Sem., Agron. Investig. Nat. Hs. Inst., 58 (1968 publ. 1969)
Distribution: Islas Selvagens (Ilheu de Fora)
21 SEL
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia despoliata (Menezes) Monod; Bol. Mus. Munic. Funchal, Suppl. 1: 34 (1990)
= Euphorbia lamarckii var. despoliata (Menezes) Oudejans; World Cat. Species Names Published Tribe Euphorbieae
= Euphorbia obtusifolia var. despoliata Menezes; J. Sci. Mat. Fis. Nat. III 4: 193 (1924)
= Tirucalia virgata var. despoliata (Menezes) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 94 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia analalavensis Leandri; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 6: 346 (1966)
Distribution: NC-Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
species :
Euphorbia analamerae Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 77 (1945)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia analavelonensis Rauh & Mangelsdorff; Succulentes 2000(1): 6,3 (2000)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia andrachnoides Schrenk; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 2, 2: 197 (1844)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; NW-China
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia subcordata var. andrachnoides (Schrenk) Trautv. ex O.Fedtsch. & B.Fedtsch.; Consp. Fl. Turkestanicae [O.A. Fedchenko & B.A. Fedchenko] 6: 309 (1916)
= Galarhoeus andrachnoides (Schrenk) Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 63 (1941)
= Tithymalus andrachnoides (Schrenk) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 88 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia angularis Klotzsch; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 250 (1859), nomen, et in Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 92 (1861)
Distribution: NE-Mozambique
26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. mozambicensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 84 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia angulata Jacq.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 2: 309 (1789)
Name: Kanten-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); ?Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Ukraine
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 12 FRA POR SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: dulcis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia angulata f. nemoralis (Kit.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia dulcis subsp. angulata (Jacq.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 279 (1894)
= Euphorbia dulcis subsp. angulata (Jacq.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 12: 153 (1910)
= Euphorbia dulcis var. angulata (Jacq.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 279 (1901)
= Euphorbia nemoralis Kit.; Linnaea 32: 557 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Tithymalus angulatus (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia angusta Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 189 (1858)
Name: Blackfoot sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce angusta (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 711 (1903)
= Euphorbia nealleyi J.M.Coult. & Fisher; Bot. Gaz. 17: 351 (1892)
species :
Euphorbia angustiflora Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 82 (1904)
Distribution: Tanzania; ?Malawi
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia anisopetala (Prokh.) Prokh.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 550 (1930)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Iran
32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anisopetala Prokh.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 550 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia ankaranae Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 75 (1945)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ankazobensis Rauh & Hofstätter; Succulentes 2000(3): 6 (2000)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia annamarieae Rauh; Euphorbia J. 7: 21 (1991)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia anthonyi Brandegee; Erythea 7: 7 (1899)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Colima, Sinaloa); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro, Isla Clarion, Isla San Benedicto)
79 MEX RGI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anthonyi (Brandegee) G.A.Levin; Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 16 [Vasc. Fl. Isla Socorro]: 34 (1989)
= Euphorbia anthonyi var. clarionensis (Brandegee) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 20: 71 (1931)
= Euphorbia clarionensis Brandegee; Erythea 7: 7 (1899)
species :
Euphorbia antilibanotica Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Lib. & Syr. 2: 494, t. CCIX, no. 3 (1970)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
Remarks: petrophila agg.
species :
Euphorbia antiquorum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 450 (1753)
Distribution: S-China; Tibet; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan; India (widespread); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Langkawi Isl.); Philippines; Java; Society Isl. [I]; Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Takapoto Atoll [I]); Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I])
36 CHI TIB 38 tai 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW MLY PHI 61 sci tua 81 vir
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia antiquorum var. polygona Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 2: t. 897 (1843)
= Euphorbia antiquorum var. longa Sarojin.; Euphorbia World 19(1): 20 (2024)
= Euphorbia arborescens Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. (36) (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 468 (1832)
= Euphorbia mayuranathanii Croizat; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3404 (1940)
= Tithymalus antiquorus (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 665 (1794)
species :
Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.; Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 292 (1829 publ. 1830), et Flora 15(2. Beibl.): 58 (1832)
Name: Candelilla
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cerifera Alcocer; Anales Inst. Med.-Nac. Mexico 11: 155 (1911)
= Euphorbia occulta Klotzsch; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 277 (1856)
= Tirucalia antisyphilitica (Zucc.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia antonii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
Remarks: status doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lanceolata Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 164 (1923), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia antsingiensis (Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 52 (2021)
Distribution: W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia moratii var. antsingiensis Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 382 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia antso Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 45 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia anychioides Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 12 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anychioides (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916))
= Chamaesyce chalicophila (Weath.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce pilosula (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Arthur; Torreya (1911) 11: 260
= Chamaesyce rubida (Greenm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 396 (1914)
= Euphorbia chalicophila Weath.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 426 (1910)
= Euphorbia pilosula Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 39 (1862)
= Euphorbia rubida Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 83 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia apatzingana McVaugh; Brittonia 13: 182 (1961)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce apatzingana (McVaugh) McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 211 (1993)
species :
Euphorbia aphylla Brouss. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 501 (1809)
Name: Blattlose Wolfsmilch (DE); Tolda (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia aphylla (Brouss. ex Willd.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5: 87 (1996)
= Tithymalus aphyllus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 82 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia apicata L.C.Wheeler; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 63: 436 (1936)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia apios L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 457 (1753)
Distribution: SE-Italy; Bulgaria; Greece (NE-, C- & S-Greece, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Andros, Limnos); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos, Kos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Cyprus; Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains)
13 BUL GRC ITA 34 CYP EAI LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: apios agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia anthula Lavrent. & Papan.; Sci. Ann. Fac. Phys. Math. Aristotelian Univ. Thessaloniki 18(1): 120 (1978)
= Euphorbia apios var. lamprocarpa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 126 (1862)
= Euphorbia pubigera Friv. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 126 (1862), pro syn.
= Euphorbion apium (L.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Galarhoeus apios (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 149 (1812)
= Tithymalus apios (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. [Hill] 173/3 (1768)
species :
Euphorbia apocynoides Klotzsch; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 99 (1853)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema apocynoides (Klotzsch) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia appariciana Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 992 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia appendiculata P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Euphorbia J. 5: 36 (1988)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia applanata Thulin & Al-Gifri; Nordic J. Bot. 15(2): 193 (1995)
Distribution: S-Yemen
35 YEM
species :
Euphorbia aprica Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 616 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia apurimacensis Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 27: 289 (1946)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Euphorbia arabica Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 33 (1862)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Kenya; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama)
20 EGY 24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN 35 OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum arabicum (Hochst. & Steud. ex T.Anderson) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 34 (1867)
= Chamaesyce arabica (Hochst. & Steud. ex T.Anderson) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 168 (1972)
= Euphorbia arabica var. brevifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 33 (1862)
= Euphorbia propinqua R.Br. ex N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 505 (1911)
= Euphorbia seclusa N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 512 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia arabicoides N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 1037 (1913)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia arahaka H.Poiss.; Rech. Fl. Mérid. Madagascar 51 (1912)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arahaka H.Poiss. ex Humbert & Leandri; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 6: 339 (1966)
species :
Euphorbia araucana Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 91: 508 (1895)
Distribution: Chile (Araucanía)
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia arbuscula Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 93 (1884)
Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Samha Isl.; Soqotra
24 SOC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arbuscula var. montana Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 410 (1884)
= Tirucalia arbuscula (Balf.f.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia ardonensis Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 210 (1976)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus ardonensis (Galushko) Galushko; Fl. Severn. Kavkaza Vopr. Ist. 3: 56 (1979)
= Tithymalus ardonensis (Galushko) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980), isonym
species :
Euphorbia arenaria Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 57 (1817)
Distribution: Guatemala; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru
80 GUA 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus arenarius (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Euphorbia arenaria var. quitensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 56 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia arenarioides Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 297 (1921)
Distribution: Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO VIE
species :
Euphorbia argillosa Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 679 (1905)
Distribution: Paraguay (Concepcion)
85 PAR
species :
Euphorbia arguta Banks & Sol.; Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2 [Russell]: 2: 253 (1794)
Distribution: Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Sudan; +East Aegaean Isl. (+Chios, +Kos); Turkey (S-Anatolia); Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
20 EGY LBY 24 SUD 34 CYP EAI ISR JOR LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arguta var. dasycarpa Plitmann; Fl. Palaest. [Zohary & Feinbrun-Dothan] 2: 459 (1972)
= Euphorbia calendulifolia Delile; Descr. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): 233 (1813)
= Tithymalus argutus (Banks & Sol.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus calendulifolius (Delile) Raf.; Autik. Bot. 92 (1840)
species :
Euphorbia arida N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5: 11. 319 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. arida
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
subspecies :
subsp. camdebooensis Bruyns; Haseltonia 25: 31, figs. 1-2 (2018)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia ariensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 57 (1817)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus ariensis (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Eumecanthus benthamianus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Eumecanthus physalifolius (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 415 (1916)
= Euphorbia ariensis var. villicaulis Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 43: 62 (1907)
= Euphorbia marianoi Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 47 (1989), nom. nov.
= Euphorbia mazatlamensis Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 47 (1989), nom. nov. for E. triflora Sessé & Moc.
= Euphorbia physalifolia Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 19 (1860)
= Euphorbia pulchella Sessé & Moc.; Naturaleza (Mexico City), Ser. 2, 1(App.): 81 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia triflora Sessé & Moc.; Naturaleza (Mexico City), Ser. 2, 1(App.): 81 (1888), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia aristata Schmalh.; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 10: 292 t. 17 fig. 13 (1892)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia soongarica subsp. aristata (Schmalh.) Prokh. & Kuzmanov
= Tithymalus aristatus (Schmalh.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 108 (1933), inobs.
= Tithymalus soongaricus subsp. aristatus (Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia arizonica Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 186 (1858)
Name: Arizona sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce arizonica (Engelm.) Arthur; Torreya 11: 260 (1911)
= Chamaesyce portulana (S.Watson) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Chamaesyce purisimana (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Chamaesyce versicolor (Greene) Norton; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 25: 345 (1925)
= Euphorbia collina Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 184 (1911), non Phil. 1857-58
= Euphorbia portulana S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 73 (1889)
= Euphorbia purisimana Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 225 (1889)
= Euphorbia versicolor Greene; Bot. Gaz. 6: 184 (1881)
species :
Euphorbia armourii Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 1 (1895) 28 t. 2
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus armourii (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia armstrongiana Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 47 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
variant :
var. distans (W.Fitzg.) Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 463 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia distans W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 160 (1918)
species :
Euphorbia arnottiana Endl.; Ann. Wiener Mus. Naturgesch. 1: 184, No. 1564 (1836)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu (south Ko))
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum virgatum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 36 (1860)
= Chamaesyce arnottiana (Endl.) O.Deg., I.Deg. & Croizat; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce hookeri (Steud.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Euphorbia coriariifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 12 (1862)
= Euphorbia hookeri Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 612 (1840), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia arrecta N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 283 (1915) et ex R. E. Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12 1: 116 (1914)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia arteagae W.R.Buck & Huft; J. Arnold Arbor. 58(3): 343 (1977)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia articulata Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 1: 480 (1775)
Name: Jointed sandmat, Bushy spurge (Bahamas), Bois lait (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Bahamas; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Guana, Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Barbuda; Montserrat; Guadeloupe (incl. Les Saintes); Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada
81 ABA BAH DOM GDL GRE MAR MTS PUE STE STK STL STM STV VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum lineare (Retz.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 38 (1860)
= Anisophyllum vahlii Willd. ex Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 36 (1860)
= Chamaesyce articulata (Aubl.) Britton; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 574 (1916)
= Chamaesyce linearis (Retz.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 410 (1916)
= Chamaesyce vahlii (Willd. ex Klotzsch & Garcke) P.Wilson; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 395 (1917)
= Euphorbia articulata var. lordatii Stehlé & M.Stehlé; Ann. École Natl. Agric. Montpellier 29: 10 (1854)
= Euphorbia linearis Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 3: 32 (1783)
= Euphorbia linearis var. heterophylla Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 605 (1891)
= Euphorbia vahlii Willd. ex Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 37 (1860)
= Tithymalus linearis (Retz.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia arvalis Boiss. & Heldr. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 12: 116 (1853)
subspecies :
subsp. arvalis
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (N-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia parvula K.Koch; Linnaea 21: (1848) 731(nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia ruderalis Scheele; Linnaea 17: 343 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Tithymalus arvalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 82 (1860)
= Tithymalus parvulus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 93 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. longistyla (Litard. & Maire) Molero, Rovira & Vicens; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 54(1): 218 (1996)
Distribution: E-Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arvalis var. longistyla Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 35 "1930" (1931)
= Euphorbia turolensis Sennen & Pau; Pl. Espagne [Exsicc.] 1909: 845 (1910)
species :
Euphorbia asclepiadea Milne-Redh.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3481 (1951)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia aserbajdzhanica Bordz.; Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 7-8: 19 (1928)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Iran (EC-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan (Swat)
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pseudosororia (Prokh.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] 3: 28 (1932), pro syn.
= Tithymalus pseudosororius Prokh.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 556 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia asthenacantha S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3865 (1982)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia astrachanica C.A.Mey. ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9(1): 156 (1888)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia astrachanica C.A.Mey. ex Claus; Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 8: 254 (nom. inval.)
= Euphorbia astrachanica C.A.Mey. ex Prokh.
= Euphorbia leptocaula var. praecox Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 159 (1862)
= Euphorbia praecox (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. & Flerow; Fl. Eur. Russ. 614 (1909)
= Euphorbia tenuifolia M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 372 (1808) non Lam.
= Galarhoeus praecox (Boiss.) Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 48 (1941)
species :
Euphorbia astyla Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 40 (1862)
Name: Alkali sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce astyla (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia atimovatae Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 7 (2021)
Distribution: S- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia atoto G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 36 (1786)
Distribution: Wallis & Futuna (Alofi Isl., Futuna Isl., ´Uvea Isl. and islets [Wallis]); Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea); Tuamotu Arch. (Niau, Anaa, Rangiroa, Takaroa, Tikei, Arutua, Ahii, Takapota, Tahanea, Faite, Takume, Taiaro, Makemo, Kaukura); Austral Isl. (Tubuai)
60 WAL 61 AUI SCI TUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum atoto (G.Forst.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 37 (1860)
= Chamaesyce atoto (G.Forst.) Croizat; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia atoto var. minor Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 13 (1862)
= Euphorbia taitensis Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 5 (1860)
= Euphorbia taitensis var. stenhymenia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 14 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia atrocarmesina L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 42: 167 (1968)
subspecies :
subsp. atrocarmesina
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
subspecies :
subsp. arborea L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 3(2): 101 (1977)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia atrococca A.Heller; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 844 (1897)
Distribution: Hawaii (western Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce atrococca (A.Heller) Croizat & O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce atrococca var. kilaueana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce atrococca var. kokeeana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia atrococca var. kilaueana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 604 (1936)
= Euphorbia atrococca var. kokeeana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 603 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. pseudoniuensis O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 43: 475 (1956)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. mohihiensis Sherff; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 576 (1939)
species :
Euphorbia atroflora S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 393 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia atropurpurea Brouss.; Elench. Pl. Hort. Bot. Monsp. (1805) 24, nomen, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 501
Name: Dunkelpurpurrote Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba majorera (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atropurpurea var. modesta Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 33 (1960)
= Kanopikon atropurpureum (Brouss. ex Willd.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Tithymalus atropurpureus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 80 (1860)
form :
f. lutea Santos; Bot. Macaronés. 16: 32 (1988)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
species :
Euphorbia atrox F.K.Horw. ex S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12: 418 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia attastoma Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 987 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
variant :
var. xanthochlora Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 992 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 7: 94 (1846)
Distribution: Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral)
20 EGY 32 TKM TZK 34 AFG IRN IRQ 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bounophila Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 154 (1862)
= Euphorbia bounophila var. aucheri (Boiss.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 154 (1862)
= Euphorbia chasmophila Rech.f. & Aellen; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 89: 219 (1951)
= Euphorbia herpetorrhiza Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 145 (1933), pro syn.
= Euphorbia kurdica Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 1121 (1879)
= Euphorbia litwinowii Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 147 (1933), pro syn.
= Euphorbia monticola Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 93 (1846)
= Euphorbia quinqueradiata Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 134 (1958)
= Tithymalus aucheri (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 93 (1860)
= Tithymalus bounophilus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 147 (1933)
= Tithymalus herpetorrhizus Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 145 (1933)
= Tithymalus kurdicus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 147 (1933)
= Tithymalus litwinowii Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 147 (1933)
= Tithymalus monticola (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 87 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia audissoui Marx; Euphorbia World 10(1): 23 (2014)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia aulacosperma Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 12: 117 (1853)
Distribution: Greece (very rare Lefkada, C-Peloponnisos); Northern Caucasus; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
13 GRC 33 NCS 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: sulcata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia aulacosperma var. fossulata (Boiss. & Gaill.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 140 (1862)
= Euphorbia fossulata Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 87 (1859)
= Tithymalus aulacospermus (Boiss.) Klotzsch; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 82 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia aureoviridiflora (Rauh) Rauh; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 207 (1992)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia neohumbertii var. aureoviridiflora Rauh; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 42: 204 (1970)
species :
Euphorbia australis Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 15 (1860)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce australis (Boiss.).D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
= Euphorbia australis var. canescens Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 310 (1927)
= Euphorbia australis var. glabrescens Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 36 (1862)
= Euphorbia australis var. semiglabra Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 310 (1927)
variant :
var. erythrantha (F.Muell.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 48 (1873)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia erythrantha F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 2: 152 (1861)
variant :
var. glabra Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 466 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
variant :
var. hispidula Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 467 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
variant :
var. subtomentosa Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 310 (1927)
Distribution: Australia
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia austroiranica Pahlevani; Pl. Syst. Evol. 303(2): 150 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia austrotexana Mayfield; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 7(2): 634 (2013)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
variant :
var. carrii Mayfield; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 7(2): 636 (2013)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
species :
Euphorbia avasmontana Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 53: 96 (1928)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT NAM SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia avasmontana var. sagittaria (Marloth) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 817 (1941)
= Euphorbia hottentota Marloth; S. African J. Sci. 27: 336, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia kalaharica Marloth; S. African J. Sci. 27: 338, 340 (1930)
= Euphorbia sagittaria Marloth; S. African J. Sci. 27: 337, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia venenata Marloth; S. African J. Sci. 27: 337, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia volkmanniae Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 53: 124 (1928)
species :
Euphorbia awashensis M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 76 (1992)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia azorica Hochst.; Seub. Fl. Azor. 27 (1844)
Distribution: Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.)
21 AZO
Remarks: pinea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pinea var. azorica (Hochst.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 146 (1862)
= Tithymalus azoricus (Hochst.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 98 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia baga A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 13: 569 (1933)
Distribution: Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; ?Benin; Nigeria
22 BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA
variant :
var. parvifolia L.E.Newton; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94(4): 464 (1987)
Distribution: Ghana
22 GHA
species :
Euphorbia bagyrensis Stepanov; Fl. N. E. W. Sayan 128 (2006)
Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)
30 SIB
species :
Euphorbia bahiensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 24 (1862)
Distribution: Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Colombia (Atlántico, Córdoba, Sucre); ?French Guiana; NE-Brazil (Bahia)
80 COS HON PAN 81 JAM 82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum bahiense Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 33 (1860)
= Chamaesyce bahiensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Dugand & D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 54: 344 (1968)
species :
Euphorbia baioensis S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3870 (1982)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia balakrishnanii Binojk. & R.Gopalan; Rheedea 8(1): 67 (1998)
Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce balakrishnanii (Binojk. & R.Gopalan) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 91 (2004)
species :
Euphorbia balbisii Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 11 (1860)
Distribution: Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe (incl. La Désirade)
81 ABA GDL
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum affine Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859 29 (1860)
= Chamaesyce balbisii (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Euphorbia affinis Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 12 (1860), pro syn.
= Euphorbia serpens Balb. ex Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 12 (1860), pro syn.
species :
Euphorbia baleensis M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 75 (1992 publ. 1993)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia ballyana Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 17: 46 (1966)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia ballyi S.Carter; Fl. Pl. Africa 36: t. 1408 (1963)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 137 (1789)
Name: Balsam-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba dulce (ES)
Distribution: Morocco; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Mauritania; Senegal; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; N-Nigeria; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Chad; Somalia
20 MOR 21 CNY 22 BEN BKN GHA LBR MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CAF CON 24 CHA SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia balsamifera subsp. rogeri (N.E.Br.) Guinea; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 8: 399 (1948)
= Euphorbia balsamifera var. rogeri (N.E.Br.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 450 (1938)
= Euphorbia rogeri N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 551 (1911)
= Tithymalus balsamifer (Aiton) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 140 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia banae Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 44(1): 3 (1993)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia baradii S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(4): 421 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia barbicollis P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 20: 37 (1965)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia bariensis S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(6): 675 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia barnardii A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 2: 804, App. A, 965 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
species :
Euphorbia barnesii (Millsp.) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
Distribution: SW-Mexico
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenopetalum barnesii Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 377 (1913)
= Eumecanthus barnesii (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
= Euphorbia ocymoidea var. barnesii (Millsp.) McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 228 (1993)
species :
Euphorbia barrancana Mayfield & V.Steinmann
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
79 MEX
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, possibly ined.?
species :
Euphorbia barrelieri Savi; Bot. Etrusc. 1: 143 (1808)
subspecies :
subsp. barrelieri
Distribution: Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: barrelieri agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia baselicis Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 29 (1811-15)
= Tithymalus barrelieri (Savi) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. hercegovina (Beck) Kuzmanov; Izv. Bot. Inst. (Sofia) 12: 120 (1963)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; North Macedonia
13 BIH CRO NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia hercegovina Beck; Glasn. Zem. Mus. Bosn. i Hercegov. (Fl. Bosn. Hercegov. &c.) 32: 95 (1920)
= Tithymalus barrelieri subsp. hercegovinus (Beck) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia bartolomei Greene; Pittonia 1: 290 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bartolomei (Greene) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia basarabica Prodan; Bul. Acad. Stud. Agron. Cluj 1: 40 (1930)
Distribution: Romania; Moldova
13 ROM 14 MLD
Remarks: status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus basarabicus (Prodan) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia baueri Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 27 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia baylissii L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 30: 213 (1964)
Distribution: SE-Mozambique
Error
species :
Euphorbia beamanii M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 126 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus beamanii (M.C.Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 148: 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia beckii V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 114(1): 24 (2013)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Euphorbia begardii (Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 24 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia primulifolia var. begardii Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 386 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia beharensis Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 164 (1946), sp. nov. ad int., et Cactus (Paris) 35: 144 (1953)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia beharensis var. adpressifolia Rauh; Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt, 100: 13 (1999)
= Euphorbia beharensis var. guillemetii (Ursch & Leandri) Rauh; Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt, 100: 10 (1999)
= Euphorbia beharensis var. truncata Rauh; Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt, 100: 12 (1999)
= Euphorbia guillemetii Ursch & Leandri; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 5: 168 (1955)
species :
Euphorbia beillei A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appliq. 13: 559 (1933)
Distribution: Central African Republic; Chad
23 CAF 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeophorbia beillei (A.Chev.) Jacobsen; Handb. Succ. Pl. [Jacobsen] 1: 391 (1960)
species :
Euphorbia belagaviensis Sarojin. & Raja Kullayisw.; Euphorbia World 14(1): 24 (2018)
Distribution: India (Karnataka)
40 IND
species :
Euphorbia belgheisi Pahlevani; Kew Bull. 74(3)-49: 2 (2019)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia bemarahaensis Rauh & Mangelsdorff; Succulentes 1999(1): 12 (1999)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia benthamii Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 1: 943 (1900)
Distribution: Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Namibia
25 TAN 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
species :
Euphorbia berevoensis Lawant & Buddens.; Euphorbia World 4(1): 6 (2008)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia nicaisei Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 5(1): 11 (2013)
species :
Euphorbia berorohae Rauh & Hofstätter; Brit. Cact. Succ. J. 13(3): 94 (1995)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia berotica N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 600 (1912)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Esula, sect. Aphyllis, subsect. Africanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia berotica (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia berryi V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 545(2): 218 (2022)
Distribution: Brazil (Maranhao)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia bertemariae Bisseret & Dioli; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 77(4): 208 (2005)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia berteroana Balb. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 794 (1826)
Name: Berteron´s sandmat, Tabac a diable batard, Tabac a jacot petit, Ti teigne (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Bahamas; Cuba; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; St. Barthélémy; Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Colombia; Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman)
77 USA 79 MEX 81 ABA BAH CUB GDL HIS MAR PUE SBA 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum berteroanum (Balb. ex Spreng.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 32 (1860)
= Chamaesyce barberoana Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 186 (1943)
= Chamaesyce berteroana (Balb. ex Spreng.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 303 (1909)
= Chamaesyce microcephala (Boiss.) Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 188 (1943)
= Chamaesyce puberula (Fernald) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Euphorbia bicephala Bertol.; Misc. Bot. [Bertoloni] 3: 20 (1844)
= Euphorbia microcephala Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 1262 (1862)
= Euphorbia puberula Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 36: 494 (1901)
= Euphorbia stipitata Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 65 (1900)
species :
Euphorbia berthelotii Bolle ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 109 (1862)
Name: Gomera-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba de gomera (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lamarckii var. berthelotii (Bolle ex Boiss.) Oudejans; World Cat. Species Names Published Tribe Euphorbieae
= Tirucalia virgata var. berthelotii (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 94 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia berythea Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 82 (1859)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel)
34 ISR LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus berytheus (Boiss. & C.I.Blanche) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia besseri (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 42 (1862)
Distribution: Chile (locality unknown)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum besseri Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 30 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia betacea Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 623 (1886)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
species :
Euphorbia betrokana J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Euphorbia World 16(3): 12 (2020), nom. nov.
Distribution: SE-Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Remarks: milii agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia milii var. longifolia Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 18: 182 (1967)
species :
Euphorbia betulicortex Gilbert; Kew Bull. 45: 272 (1990)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia beuginii Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 4(2): 45 (2012)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bevilaniensis Croizat; Nat. Hort. Mag. 96 (Jan. 1934)
Distribution: SE-Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Remarks: milii agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia milii var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Ursch & Leandri; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 5: 150 (1954 publ. 1955)
= Euphorbia splendens var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 159 (1946)
species :
Euphorbia biaculeata Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 75 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bianoensis (Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium bianoense Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Séances Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer 40(3): 400 (1994 publ. 1995)
species :
Euphorbia bicolor Engelm. & A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 233 (1845)
Name: Snow on the prairie
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Dichrophyllum bicolor (Engelm. & A.Gray) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 249 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 44 (1860)
= Euphorbia bicolor var. concolor Engelm. & A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 233 (1845)
= Lepadena bicolor (Engelm. & A.Gray) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 300 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia bicompacta Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Rwanda; Kenya
23 RWA 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Synadenium compactum N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 465 (1911)
variant :
var. rubra (S.Carter) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Synadenium compactum var. rubrum S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 669 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia biconvexa Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 308 (1927)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce biconvexa (Domin) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia bifida Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 213-214 (1837)
Distribution: China (Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Isl.); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Timor, etc.); East Timor; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales); Vanuatu; Palau (Babeldaob, Koror); Northern Marianas (Saipan, Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap)
36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 41 CBD LAO NCB THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 VAN 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bifida (Hook. & Arn.) T.Kuros.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 51(2): 212 (2000 publ. 2001)
= Chamaesyce coudercii (Gagnep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148(3-4): 198 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Chamaesyce harmandii (Gagnep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce macgillivrayi (Boiss.) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
= Chamaesyce micradenia (Boiss.) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
= Chamaesyce parannaquensis (Blanco) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 356 (1938)
= Chamaesyce vachellii (Hook. & Arn.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 3: 44 (1954)
= Euphorbia backeri Pax & K.Hoffm.; Blumea 3: 60 (1938)
= Euphorbia coudercii f. glaberrima Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 299 (1921)
= Euphorbia coudercii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 299 (1921)
= Euphorbia harmandii Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 299 (1921)
= Euphorbia macgillivrayi Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 26 (1862)
= Euphorbia macgillivrayi f. glabrata Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 311 (1927)
= Euphorbia macgillivrayi var. micradenia (Boiss.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 311 (1927)
= Euphorbia macgillivrayi var. pseudoserrulata Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 311 (1927)
= Euphorbia macgillivrayi var. yarrabensis Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 311 (1927)
= Euphorbia micradenia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 77 (1862)
= Euphorbia mitchelliana var. stenophylla Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 47 (1873)
= Euphorbia parannaquensis Blanco; Fl. Filip., ed. 2 [Blanco] 286 (1845)
= Euphorbia reinwardtiana Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 614 (1840)
= Euphorbia serrulata Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 635 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia serrulata var. pubescens Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 13: 347 (1891)
= Euphorbia vachellii Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 213 (1837)
= Euphorbia vachellii var. pubescens (Warb.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 188 (1992 publ. 1993)
= Petalandra euphorbioides F.Muell. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 27 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia bifurcata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 190 (1858)
Name: Forked spurge
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus bifurcatus (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
= Euphorbia uniglandulosa S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 476 (1887)
= Euphorbia wootonii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 49 (1989), nom. nov.
= Zygophyllidium delicatulum Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia biharamulensis S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 675 (1987)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia bilobata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 190 (1858)
Name: Blackseed spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllidium bilobatum (Engelm.) Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 227 (1910)
species :
Euphorbia bindloensis (A.Stewart) Ya Yang; Taxon 61(4): 783 (2012)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bindloensis (A.Stewart) D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 176 (1969)
= Euphorbia articulata var. bindloensis A.Stewart; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 1: 91 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia biselegans Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium elegans S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 909 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia bisellenbeckii Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bisellenbeckii f. caulopodia (P.R.O.Bally) S.Carter; Euphorbia World 9(3): 7 (2013)
= Monadenium ellenbeckii f. caulopodium P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 17: 35 (1959)
= Monadenium ellenbeckii N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 454 (1911)
= Monadenium zavattarii Chiov.; Missione Biol. Borana 103 (1939)
species :
Euphorbia bisglobosa Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium globosum P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 906 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia bitataensis M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 75 (1992 publ. 1993)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia biumbellata Poir.; Voy. Barbarie 2: 174 (1789)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily
12 BAL COR FRA SPA 13 ITA SIC
Remarks: biumbellata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula biumbellata (Poir.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 156 (1812)
= Euphorbia pouzolzii Loisel.; Fl. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 341 (1828)
= Euphorbia vinyalsii Sennen; Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 15(1): 51 (1931), nomen
= Tithymalus biumbellatus (Poir.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 85 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia bivonae Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 610 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. bivonae
Distribution: W-Sicily; Malta; Greece (Kiklades: one small island SE of Velopoula Isl.); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Mauritania; East Aegaean Isl. (Kastellorhizo Isl.); Sinai peninsula
13 GRC MLT SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 22 MTN 34 EAI SIN
Remarks: bivonae agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bivonae var. intercedens Pamp.; Pl. Tripol. 18 (1914)
= Euphorbia bivonae var. melitensis (Parl.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 276 (1901)
= Euphorbia bivonae var. montana Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 332 (1907)
= Euphorbia fruticosa Biv.; Sic. Pl. Cent. 1: 35 (1806), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia melitensis Parl.; Fl. It. 4: 478 (1869)
= Euphorbia spinosa subsp. melitensis (Parl.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 648 (1881)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. bivonae (Steud.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 173 (1926)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. melitensis (Parl.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 173 (1926)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. montana (Lojac.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 173 (1926)
= Tithymalus bivonae (Steud.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus fruticosus (Biv.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 78 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. tunetana Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 35(3): 17 (1899)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Madeira; Mauritania
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 MDR 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia tunetana (Murb.) Vierh. ex Buxb.; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 76: 43 (1926 publ. 1927)
species :
Euphorbia blatteri Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Pakistan (Waziristan)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia helioscopioides Blatt.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36: 483 (1933) (non Loscos & Pardo)
species :
Euphorbia blepharadena O.L.M.Silva & Cordeiro; Eur. J. Taxon. 733: 74, figs. 1-2 (2021)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia blepharophylla Ledeb.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 24 (1833)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus blepharophyllus (Ledeb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 73 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia blodgettii Engelm. ex Hitchc.; Missouri Bot. Gard. Rep. 4: 126 (1893)
Name: Limestone sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida); Bermuda; Mexico (Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Tortola)
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON 81 BAH BER CAY CUB JAM PUE TCI VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce blodgettii (Engelm. ex Hitchc.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 712 (1903)
= Chamaesyce chiogenes Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 709 (1903)
= Chamaesyce cozumelensis (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 402 (1916)
= Chamaesyce nashii Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 709 (1903)
= Euphorbia batabanensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 5: 390 (1908)
= Euphorbia bermudiana Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 65 (1900)
= Euphorbia chiogenes (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
= Euphorbia cozumelensis Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 61 (1900)
= Euphorbia cozumelensis var. pilosulca Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 62 (1900)
species :
Euphorbia bodenghieniae (Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium bodenghieniae Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Séances Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer 40(3): 402 (1994 publ. 1995)
species :
Euphorbia boerhaavioides Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 441 (1907)
Distribution: Bolivia (Bolivia)
83 BOL
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Euphorbia boetica Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 36 (1860)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain; Gibraltar
12 GIB POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia boetica var. pseudoraromisissima Cout.; Fl. Portugal 389 (1913)
= Euphorbia carniolica Scop. ex Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 317 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia trinervia Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 82 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Tithymalus boeticus (Boiss.) Samp.; Anais Fac. Sci. Porto 17: 46 (1931), nom. superfl.
= Tithymalus trinervius Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 85 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia boinensis Denis ex Humbert & Leandri; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 6: 340 (1966)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia boinensis Denis ex Leandri; Cat. Pl. Madag., Euphorb. 12 (1935) (gallice)
species :
Euphorbia boissieri Baill.; Adansonia 1: 142 (1860 publ. 1861)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia baillonii Boiss. ex Baill.; Recueil Observ. Bot. 1: 142 (1861)
= Euphorbia longifolia Baill. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 78 (1862), pro syn.
species :
Euphorbia boiteaui Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 163 (1946)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. ampanihyensis (Cremers) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 156 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. ampanihyensis Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 373 (1984)
variant :
var. spirosticha (Rauh & Buchloh) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 156 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. spirosticha Rauh & Buchloh; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 59(1): 9 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia boivinii Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 77 (1862)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia boivinii var. minor Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 76 (1945)
= Euphorbia boivinii var. oreades Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 76 (1945)
species :
Euphorbia bokorensis H.Toyama & Tagane; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 67(2): 92 (2016)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
species :
Euphorbia bombensis Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 22 (1760)
Name: Dixie sandmat
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; ?Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Colombia; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Sucre)
77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA NIC PAN 81 CUB 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce ammannioides (Kunth) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 709 (1903)
= Chamaesyce bombensis (Jacq.) Dugand; Caldasia 10: 190 (1968)
= Chamaesyce ingallsii Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 708 (1903)
= Euphorbia ammannioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 55 (1817)
= Euphorbia ingallsii (Small) Cory; Rhodora 38: 406 (1936)
= Euphorbia maritima Willd. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 28 (1862)
= Euphorbia poliosperma Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 235 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia bongensis Kotschy & Peyr.; Pl. Tinn. 40, t. 19 (1866)
Distribution: Rwanda; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia
23 RWA 24 SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia djurensis Schweinf. ex Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 119 (1894)
species :
Euphorbia bongolavensis Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 44(4): 70 (1993)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia boophthona C.A.Gardner; J. Dept. Agric. Western Australia 19: 89 (1942), in obs., et in J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 27: 181 (1942)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia borbonica Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 156 (1862)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Euphorbia borealis Baikov; Turczaninowia 5(4): 17 (2002)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
species :
Euphorbia borenensis M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(2): 391 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia boreobaluchestanica Pahlevani; Phytotaxa 312(1): 84 (2017)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Euphorbia bosseri Leandri; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 5: 212 (1965), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bailloni Boiss. ex Baill.; Adansonia 1: 142 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Euphorbia platyclada Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 21: 46 (1970)
= Tirucalia platyclada (Rauh) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 92 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia bottae Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 95 (1862)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen, Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen)
35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia bottae (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia bougheyi L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 30: 9 (1964)
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia halipedicola L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 36: 42 (1970)
species :
Euphorbia bourgeana J.Gay ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 108 (1862)
Name: Bourgeaus Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba amarilla de Tenerife (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lambiorum Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 27 (1960)
species :
Euphorbia brachycera Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 192 (1859)
Name: Horned spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora)
73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia brachycera f. dichotoma (Daniels) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992 publ. 1993)
= Euphorbia brachycera var. robusta (Engelm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming 296 (1988)
= Euphorbia montana Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 192 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia montana var. gracilior Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 192 (1859), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia montana var. robusta Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 192 (1859)
= Euphorbia montana var. trifaris Norton; N. Amer. Euphorbia 44 (1899)
= Euphorbia odontadenia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 148 (1862)
= Euphorbia philora (Cockerell) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 41 (1935)
= Euphorbia robusta (Engelm.) Small; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown] 2: 381 (1897)
= Euphorbia robusta var. interioris Norton; N. Amer. Euphorbia 49 (1899)
= Galarhoeus robustus (Engelm.) Rydb.; Brittonia 1: 93 (1931)
= Tithymalus brachycerus (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] ed. 2, 1349 (1913)
= Tithymalus philorus Cockerell; Muhlenbergia 4: 56 (1908)
= Tithymalus philorus f. dichotomus Daniels; Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 2: 313 (1911)
= Tithymalus robustus (Engelm.) Small; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 2: 475 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia brachyphylla Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 80 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bracteata Jacq.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 3: 14, t. 276 (1798)
Distribution: Vietnam [I]; Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
41 vie 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Diadenaria articulata Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 108 (1860)
= Diadenaria involucrata Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 107 (1860)
= Diadenaria pavonis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 108 (1860)
= Pedilanthus articulatus (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus bracteatus (Jacq.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus greggii Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 363 (1913)
= Pedilanthus involucratus (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus olsson-sefferi Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 363 (1913)
= Pedilanthus pavonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus rubescens Brandegee; Zoe 5: 209 (1905)
= Pedilanthus spectabilis B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 43: 23 (1907)
= Tithymaloides articulata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymaloides bracteata (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymaloides involucrata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymaloides pavonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalus aztecus Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 703 (1937)
= Tithymalus bracteatus (Jacq.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937), isonym
= Tithymalus bracteatus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 138 (1812)
= Tithymalus eochlorus Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus greggii (Millsp.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus olsson-sefferi (Millsp.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus spectabilis (B.L.Rob.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus subpavonianus Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 703 (1937)
= Ventenatia bracteata (Jacq.) Tratt.; Gen. Pl. [Trattinick] 87 (1802)
species :
Euphorbia brakdamensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 324 (1915)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia brandegeei Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 226 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce brandegeei Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia brassii P.I.Forst.; Austrobaileya 4(2): 246 (1994), nom. nov.
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia plumerioides var. macrocarpa Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull., Addit. Ser. 8: 86 (1980)
species :
Euphorbia braunsii N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 326 (1915)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov., Free State)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia marientalii Dinter; Neue Pfl. Südw.-Afr. 31 (1914)
= Euphorbia rangeana Dinter; Neue Pfl. Südw.-Afr. 31 (1914), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia rudis N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 322 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia bravoana Svent.; Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron. 14: No. 30, 33 (1954)
Name: Bravo-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba de Bravo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
species :
Euphorbia breedlovei V.W.Steinm. & P.Carrillo; Phytotaxa 350(3): 212 (2018)
Distribution: Mexico (Morelos, Chiapas, México Distrito Federal, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia breviarticulata Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 84 (1904)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia grandilobata Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 405 (1932)
variant :
var. trunciformis S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 676 (1987)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia brevicornu Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 88 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya
25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia euryops Bull.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 492 (1932)
species :
Euphorbia brevis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 570 (1911)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia brevitorta P.R.O.Bally; Fl. Pl. Africa 33: t. 1288 (1959)
Distribution: Kenya (mountains)
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia briquetii Emb. & Maire; Pl. Marocc. Nov. (Arch. Sci. Maroc), Fasc. I. 5 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Spain (between Lorca and Puerto de Lumbreras); Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: biumbellata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia clavigera Lacaita; Cavanillesia 1: 9 (1928), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia megalatlantica subsp. briquetii (Emb. & Maire) Losa & Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 19: 456 (1960)
= Euphorbia paui Lacaita ex Losa; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 7: 418 (1946)
= Tithymalus briquetii (Emb. & Maire) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia brownii Baill.; Adansonia 6: 290 (1866)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia brunellii Chiov. ex Chiarugi; Webbia 8: 234 (1951)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya
24 ETH SSU 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rubella var. brunellii (Chiov.) P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 22: 262 (1967)
species :
Euphorbia bruntii (Proctor) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
Distribution: Cayman Isl.
81 CAY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bruntii Proctor; Sloanea 1: 2 (1977)
species :
Euphorbia bruynsii L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 47(1): 103 (1981)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Dactylanthes
species :
Euphorbia bubalina Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 26 (1860)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov., KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia laxiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 286 (1898)
= Euphorbia tugelensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 335 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia buchtormensis C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. Ross. 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia subamplexicaulis Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14: 744 (1841)
= Tithymalus buchtormensis (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 79 (1860)
= Tithymalus subamplexicaulis (Kar. & Kir.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 69 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia buhsei Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 167 (1862)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan); China (Xinjiang)
32 TKM UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia buhsei var. lasiostemon Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 167 (1862)
= Euphorbia kopetdaghensis Korovin ex Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 166 (1933)
= Galarhoeus buhsei (Boiss.) Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 46 (1941)
= Tithymalus buhsei (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 51, in clavi, 166 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia bulbispina Rauh & Razaf.; Euphorbia J. 7: 31 (1991)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Windsor Castle Rock, near Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bungei Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 115 (1862)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Parwan, Zabul)
32 TKM TZK 34 AFG IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus bungei (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 35, in clavi, 62 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia bupleurifolia Jacq.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 55. I. 106 (1797)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia proteifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 92 (1862)
= Tithymalus bupleurifolius (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 138 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia bupleuroides Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 387 (1798)
subspecies :
subsp. bupleuroides
Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atlantica Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 18 (1806)
= Euphorbia diversifolia Schrad. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel] 1: 324 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia elongata Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 621 (1812)
= Tithymalus bupleuroides (Desf.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. luteola (Coss. & Durieu ex Boiss.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 363 (1939)
Distribution: SE-Spain (La Sagra); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia luteola Coss. & Durieu ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 150 (1862) non Kralik 1858
species :
Euphorbia buqensis Mazuch, Orlando, Awale, Elmi & Vlk; Euphorbia World 16(3): 57, figs. 1-4, 7-10, 14-16; tt. 1-2 (2020)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia burchellii Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 11(2): 680 (1873)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins, Goias)
84 BRA
Remarks: sect. Anisophyllum. Recently rediscovered
species :
Euphorbia burgeri M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 70 (1992 publ. 1993)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia burkartii Bacigalupo; Fl. Ilustr. Entre Ríos 4b: 126 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios)
85 ARG
species :
Euphorbia burmanica Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 16: (1886) t. 1546
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce burmanica (Hook.f.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia burmanni E.Mey. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 75 (1862)
Distribution: SW-Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: sect. Articulofruticosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrothamnus bergii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 63 (1859)
= Arthrothamnus burmanni E.Mey. ex Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 251 (1859), et Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 62 (1860)
= Euphorbia biglandulosa Willd.; Enum. Pl. Suppl. [Willdenow] 27 (1814), nom. illeg., non Desf. 1808
= Euphorbia burmanni var. karroensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 75 (1862)
= Euphorbia corymbosa N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 279 (1915)
= Euphorbia karroensis (Boiss.) N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 290 (1915)
= Euphorbia macella N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 288 (1915)
= Tirucalia burmannii (E.Mey. ex Klotzsch & Garcke) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
= Tirucalia corymbosa (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
= Tirucalia karooensis (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 91 (1996)
= Tirucalia macella (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 91 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia buruana Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 85 (1904)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Euphorbia buschiana Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 25: 330 (1940)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus buschianus (Grossh.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia bussei Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 286 (1903)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia mbaluensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 85 (1904)
variant :
var. kibwezensis (N.E.Br.) Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 678 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya; N-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia kibwezensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 586 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia buxoides Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 25(3): 552 (1971)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Euphorbia bwambensis S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 681 (1987)
Distribution: Uganda
25 UGA
species :
Euphorbia cactus Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 82 (1862)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cactus var. tortirama Rauh & Lavranos; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 38: 171 (1966)
species :
Euphorbia caducifolia Haines; Indian Forester 40: 154 (1914)
Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Karachi, Baluchistan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh,Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan)
40 IND PAK
species :
Euphorbia caeladenia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 81 (1859)
Distribution: Tajikistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, EC-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Kabul); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Waziristan)
32 TZK 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia multifurcata Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 89: 217 (1951)
= Euphorbia odontophylla Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 82 (1859)
= Euphorbia stocksiana Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 34 (1860)
= Euphorbia stocksiana var. ovata Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 112 (1862)
= Tithymalus caeladenius (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Tithymalus multifurcatus (Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 174 (1972)
= Tithymalus stocksianus (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia caerulescens Haw.; Phil. Mag. 276 (1826)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ledienii A.Berger; Sukkul. Euphorb. 80 (1907)
= Euphorbia ledienii var. dregei N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 366 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia calamiformis P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 40(4): 824 (1985)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia calamiformis (S.Carter) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia calcarata (Schltdl.) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Vietnam [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala
41 vie 79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus calcaratus Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 255 (1846)
= Pedilanthus ghiesbreghtianus Baill.; Adansonia 1: 340 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Pedilanthus macradenius Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 19: 263 (1894)
= Pedilanthus purpusii Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 377 (1913)
= Tithymaloides ghiesbreghtiana (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalus calcaratus (Schltdl.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus macradenius (Donn.Sm.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus purpusii (Brandegee) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
species :
Euphorbia calcicola Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 36: 496 (1901)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus calcicola (Fernald) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 414 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia calderoniae V.W.Steinm.; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 175 (2005)
Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia californica Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 49, t. 238 (1844)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Colima, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Clarion)
79 MEX RGI
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema comonduana (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Euphorbia comonduana Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 229 (1889)
= Trichosterigma californicum (Benth.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 248 (1859), et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 42 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia caloderma S.Carter; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 72(4): 189 (2000)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia calyculata Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 59 (1817)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbiodendron calyculatum (Kunth) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 305 (1909)
= Tithymalus calyculatus (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 81 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Kralik; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 495 (1857)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria); Mauritania
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia calyptrata var. involucrata Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 472 (1857)
= Tithymalus calyptratus (Coss. & Kralik) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia camagueyensis (Millsp.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 217 (1924)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce camagueyensis Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 392 (1914)
= Chamaesyce pinariona (Urb.) Alain; Contr. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat. Colegio De La Salle, No. 11, 12 (1952)
= Euphorbia pinariona Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 234 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia cameronii N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 554 (1911) emend. Bally
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia cameronii (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia canariensis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 450 (1753)
Name: Kanarenkaktus (DE); Cardon canario (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia canariensis f. viridis G.Kunkel; Monogr. Biol. Canar. 3: 50 (1972)
= Euphorbia canariensis var. spiralis Bolle ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 83 (1862)
= Euphorbia tribuloides Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 415 (1788)
= Tithymalus canariensis (L.) H.Karst.; Deut. Fl. [Karsten] 587 (1882)
= Torfasadis canariensis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia candelabrum Welw.; Proc. Linn. Soc. London 2: 329 (1855)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia conspicua N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 600 (1912), nom. superfl.
species :
Euphorbia cannellii L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 2(1): 47 (1974)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia canuti Parl.; Fl. It. 4: 462 (1869)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy (Maritime Alps)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia hyberna subsp. canuti (Parl.) Tutin; Feddes Repert. 79: 55 (1968)
= Euphorbia hyberna var. canuti (Parl.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 279 (1901)
= Tithymalus hybernus subsp. canuti (Parl.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 173 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia caperata McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 216 (1993)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia caperonioides R.A.Dyer & P.G.Mey.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 6: 245 (1966)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
species :
Euphorbia capillaris Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 298 (1921)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce capillaris (Gagnep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia capitellata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 188 (1858)
Name: Head sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce capitellata (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce pycnanthema (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Chamaesyce rusbyi (Greene) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Euphorbia capitellata var. laxiflora S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 74 (1889)
= Euphorbia geminiloba Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 228 (1889)
= Euphorbia gladiosa M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 15: 144 (1929)
= Euphorbia pycnanthema Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 188 (1859)
= Euphorbia pycnanthema f. serrata Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 2: 224 (1889)
= Euphorbia rusbyi Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2(1): 57 (1886)
species :
Euphorbia capitulata Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 873 (1832)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia; Montenegro; ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (Mt. Olimbos, Mt. Grammos, Mt. Chelmos)
11 ger 13 ALB CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplocyathium capitulatum (Rchb.) Heinr.Schmidt; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22(1): 40 (1907)
= Euphorbia soliflora Vis. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 133 (1862)
= Tithymalus capitulatus (Rchb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia capmanambatoensis Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 46(9): 219 (1995)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cap-saintemariensis Rauh; Natl. Cact. Succ. J. 25: 100 (1970)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. cap-saintemariensis (Rauh) Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 371 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia capuronii Ursch & Leandri; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 5: 170 (1955), et Bull. Soc. Bot. France 103: 608 (1956)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia caput-aureum Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 73 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia caput-medusae L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 452 (1753)
Distribution: SW-Namibia; South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Dactylanthes tuberculata (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 133 (1812)
= Euphorbia bolusii N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 333 (1915)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. geminata Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 136 (1789)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. major Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 135 (1789)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. minor Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 135 (1789)
= Euphorbia commelini DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. 110 (1813)
= Euphorbia confluens Nel; Kakteenkunde 193 (1933)
= Euphorbia fructus-pini Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 10 (1768)
= Euphorbia fructus-pini var. geminata Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 2: 356 (1826)
= Euphorbia geminata (Aiton) Marloth ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 1: 355 (1941), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia macowanii N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 334 (1915)
= Euphorbia marlothiana N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 331 (1915)
= Euphorbia medusae Panz.; Vollst. Pflanzensyst. 14: 109 (1788)
= Euphorbia muirii N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 331 (1915)
= Euphorbia parvimamma Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 86 (1862)
= Euphorbia ramiglans N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 306 (1915)
= Euphorbia ramiglans var. confluens (Nel) van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 16(1): 30 (2020)
= Euphorbia tessellata (Haw.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 111 (1821)
= Euphorbia tuberculata Jacq.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 2: 43, t. 208 (1797)
= Euphorbia tuberculata var. macowanii (N.E.Br.) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 372 (1941)
= Euphorbia tuberculatoides N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 332 (1915)
= Medusea fructus-pini (Mill.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 134 (1812)
= Medusea major Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 134 (1812)
= Medusea tessellata Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 135 (1812)
= Medusea tuberculata (Jacq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 251 (1859)
= Treisia tuberculata (Jacq.) Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 65 (1819)
species :
Euphorbia careyi F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 11: 64 (1879)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bouleyi S.Moore; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 45: 212 (1920)
species :
Euphorbia carinifolia N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 524 (1911)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia carinulata P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Euphorbia J. 5: 36 (1988)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia carissoides F.M.Bailey; Queensland Agric. J. 16: 449 (1906)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce carissoides (F.M.Bailey) D.C.Hassall ex P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
= Euphorbia schizolepis var. glabra Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 47 (1873)
species :
Euphorbia carniolica Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 5: 34 (1778)
Name: Kärntner Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; N-Greece (Nomos Xanthis); W-European Russia; Ukraine
11 AUT ger SWI 13 CRO GRC ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambigua Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 2: 910 (1799)
= Euphorbia angulata var. expansa (Janka) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 128 (1862)
= Euphorbia carniolica f. cordatobracteata Prodan; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 2: 672 (1953)
= Euphorbia carniolica f. elliptica Prodan; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 2: 672 (1953)
= Euphorbia carniolica f. expansa (Janka) Prodan; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 2: 322 (1953)
= Euphorbia carniolica subsp. expansa (Janka) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 649 (1881)
= Euphorbia carniolica var. ambigua (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 649 (1881)
= Euphorbia carniolica var. expansa (Janka) Porcius; Enum. Pl. Phan. Naszód. 51 (1878)
= Euphorbia expansa Janka; Linnaea 30: 600 (1859 publ. 1860)
= Euphorbia mehadiensis Kit.; Linnaea 32: 555 (1864)
= Galarhoeus carniolicus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 148 (1812)
= Tithymalus carniolicus (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115, in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 77 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia carpatica Wol.; Spraw. Komis. Fizjogr. 27: 153 (1892)
Distribution: Poland; Hungary; Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine
11 HUN POL SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia carpatica Wolosz. ex Pilát; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 54B: 337 (1935), descr. emend.
= Euphorbia jasiewiczii (Chrtek & Krísa) Dubovik; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. 1975: 114 (1975 publ. 1976) (without basionym page)
= Euphorbia jasiewiczii (Chrtek & Krísa) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 36(2): 216 (1981)
= Tithymalus carpaticus (Wol.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 40 (1961)
= Tithymalus jasiewiczii Chrtek & Krísa; Novit. Bot. Inst. Horto Bot. Univ. Carol. 1972: 7 (1972 publ. 1973)
species :
Euphorbia carteriana P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 19: 148 (1964)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia carunculata Waterf.; Rhodora 50: 63 (1948)
Name: Sanddune sandmat
Distribution: USA (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)
74 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce carunculata (Waterf.) Shinners; Field & Lab. 20: 24 (1952)
species :
Euphorbia carunculifera L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 44: 190 (1970)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia carunculifera subsp. subfastigiata L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 2: 51 (1974)
= Tirucalia carunculifera (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
= Tirucalia carunculifera var. fasciata P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996), nom. nov.
species :
Euphorbia cashmeriana Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle], 329, t. 82 (1836)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Qunduz, Samangan, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Waziristan, Chitral); Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphdrbia pilosa var. cognata (Klotzsch ex Klotzsch & Garcke) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 261 (1887)
= Euphorbia cognata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 120 (1862)
= Euphorbia consanguinea Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 114 (1862), pro syn.
= Euphorbia cornigera var. cognata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Binojk. & N.P.Balakr.; Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 266 (2007)
= Euphorbia cornigera var. cognata (Klotzsch) Binojk. & N.P.Balakr.; N. P. Balakrishnan & T. Chakrabarty, Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 266 (2007)
= Euphorbia pilosa var. cognata (Boiss.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 261 (1887)
= Tithymalus cognatus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 66 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cassia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 12: 108 (1853)
subspecies :
subsp. cassia
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cassia (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 67 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. rigoi (Freyn) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr., n. s. 1(2): 120 (1914)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus)
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cypria Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 115 (1862)
= Euphorbia rigoi Boiss. ex Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 987 (1898)
= Euphorbia troodii Post; Mém. Herb. Boissier 18: 100 (1900)
species :
Euphorbia cassythoides Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 20 (1860)
Name: Leafless Cuban spurge (Bahamas)
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 BAH CAY CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrothamnus cassythoides (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 306 (1909)
= Tirucalia cassythoides (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia catamarcensis (Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 150 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, San Juan, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce catamarcensis Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 187 (1943)
species :
Euphorbia cataractarum S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 379 (1987)
Distribution: W-Tanzania; N-Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia catenata (S.Carter) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: S-Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium catenatum S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 905 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia cattimandoo Elliot ex Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 6: t. 1993 (1853)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Euphorbia caudiculosa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 154 (1862)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); ?Syria
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus caudiculosus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 147 (1933), inobs.
species :
Euphorbia cayensis Millsp.; Torreya 4: 172 (1904)
Name: Bahama spurge
Distribution: Bahamas (San Salvador Isl., Andros Isl., Berrys Isl., Abaco Isl., Grand Bahama Isl.); Anguilla
81 AGU BAH
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bracei (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 302 (1909)
= Chamaesyce cayensis (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 301 (1909)
= Euphorbia bracei Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 159 (1906)
species :
Euphorbia celastroides Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 11 (1862)
Distribution: Hawaii (Nihoa, Niihau, Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: Chamaesyce leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. haupuana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. humbertii (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kealiana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. nematopoda (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia annulata Nutt. ex Sherff; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 33 (1938 publ. 1937), pro syn.
= Euphorbia celastroides var. haupuana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. humbertii Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. kealiana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. nematopoda Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. celastroides A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 202 (1867)
variant :
var. amplectens Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 598 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Kahoolawe Isl., Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides f. kahanana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. amplectens (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. halawana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. ingrata (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kohalana (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. saxicola (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce multiformis var manoana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia celastroides f. kahanana Sherff
= Euphorbia celastroides var. arenisaxosa H.St.John; Phytologia 63(6): 466 (1987)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. halawana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. ingrata O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 9: 7 (1954)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. kohalana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 595 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. saxicola O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. waikoluensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. manoana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 591 (1936)
variant :
var. hanapepensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. hanapepensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. nelsonii (H.St.John) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 40: 391 (1978)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. limahuliensis H.St.John; Phytologia 64(6): 487 (1988)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. nelsonii H.St.John; Pacific Sci. 30(1): 15 (1976)
= Euphorbia rivularis A.Heller; Minnesota Bot. Stud. 1: 846 (1897)
variant :
var. kaenana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. niuensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia celastroides var. niuensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 598 (1936)
variant :
var. laehiensis O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 23: 122 (1964)
Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, East Maui)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. laehiensis (O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff) Koutnik; Brittonia 37: 398 (1985)
variant :
var. lorifolia (A.Gray ex H.Mann) Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, Maui)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Vulnerable
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. lorifolia (A.Gray ex H.Mann) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. mauiensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. odonatoides (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce lorifolia (A.Gray ex H.Mann) Croizat & O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: Chamaesyce leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. mauiensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 601 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. odonatoides O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 38: 55 (1951)
= Euphorbia lorifolia (A.Gray ex H.Mann) Hillebr.; Fl. Hawaiian Isl. [Hillebrand] 395 (1888)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. lorifolia A.Gray ex H.Mann; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 202 (1866 publ. 1867)
variant :
var. stokesii (C.N.Forbes) Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 593 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Niihau, Kauai, Molokai, Kahoolawe)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. moomomiana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. stokesii (C.N.Forbes) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] 190: s.p. (1959)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. moomomiana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 593 (1936)
= Euphorbia stokesii C.N.Forbes; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 5: No. 3, 26 (1913)
variant :
var. tomentella (Boiss.) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
Distribution: +Hawaii (+Oahu)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Extinct
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. tomentella (Boiss.) Koutnik; Brittonia 37(4): 397 (1985)
= Chamaesyce multiformis var. kaalana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce multiformis var. perdita (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce multiformis var. tomentella (Boiss.) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia multiformis var. kaalana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 590 (1936)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. perdita Sherff; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 53 (1937)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. tomentella Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 12 (1862)
= Euphorbia oahuensis Skottsb.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 122 (1935 publ. 1936)
species :
Euphorbia celata R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 11(3): 278 (1974)
Distribution: S-Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Pseudeuphorbium
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia miscella L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 50(3): 341 (1984)
= Euphorbia namuskluftensis L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 49(3): 189 (1983)
species :
Euphorbia celerieri (Emb.) Emb. ex Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 6: 143 (1953)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: segetalis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pinea subsp. celerieri Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 11: 182 (1931)
= Euphorbia segetalis subsp. celerieri (Emb.) Emb. & Maire
= Tithymalus celerieri (Emb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia centralis B.G.Thomson; Nuytsia 8(3): 353 (1992)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce centralis (B.G.Thomson) P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
species :
Euphorbia centunculoides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 51 (1817)
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba
81 BAH CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum centunculoides (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 38 (1860)
= Chamaesyce centunculoides (Kunth) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce insulisalis Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 395 (1914)
= Chamaesyce pachypoda (Urb.) Alain; Contr. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat. Colegio De La Salle, No. 11, 12 (1952)
= Euphorbia pachypoda Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 9: 216 (1924)
species :
Euphorbia ceratocarpa Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 268 (1815)
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily
13 ITA SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia muscosa Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1: 269 (1815), pro syn.
= Tithymalus ceratocarpus (Ten.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cereiformis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 451 (1753)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.?)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia leviana Croizat; Euphorb. Antiq. Offic. 102 (1934)
= Euphorbia odontophylla Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow], Suppl. 28 (1814), non Boiss.
= Euphorbia polygonata G.Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 14: t. 1344 (1828), nom. subnud.
species :
Euphorbia ceroderma I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 12: 1066 (1924)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cerralvensis Maya-Lastra & V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 221(3): 271 (2015)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cervicornu Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 878 (1890)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; São Tomé; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 NGA 23 CMN CON SAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia calabarica Burkill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1901: 133 (1901)
= Euphorbia quintasii Pax; Bol. Soc. Brot. 10: 156 (1892)
= Euphorbia zenkeri Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 536 (1897)
species :
Euphorbia cespitosa Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 421 (1788)
Distribution: Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Florida Prov., Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cespitosa subsp. ventanicola Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 179 (1943)
= Euphorbia cespitosa var. angustifolia Hauman; Fac. Filos. Letras Buenos Aires, Publ. Inst. Inves 10: 32 (1925)
= Euphorbia cespitosa var. ventanicola (Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 209 (1977)
= Tithymalus cespitosus (Lam.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 148: 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia chaborasia Gomb.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 102: 339 (1956)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira)
34 IRQ LEB SYR
Remarks: petrophila agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia mesopotamica M.L.S.Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 24: 233 (1963)
= Tithymalus chaborasius (Gomb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Tithymalus mesopotamicus (M.L.S.Khan) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 174 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia chaculana Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 27: 441 (1899)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Euphorbia chaetocalyx (Boiss. ex Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 40 (1935)
Name: Bristlecup sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chaetocalyx (Boiss.) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 144 (1913)
= Chamaesyce fendleri var. chaetocalyx (Boiss.) Shinners; Field & Lab. 17: 70 (1949)
= Euphorbia fendleri var. chaetocalyx Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 39 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia chamaecaula Weath.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 426 (1910)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chamaecaula (Weath.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia chamaeclada Ule; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 224 (1908)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia chamaepeplus Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 88 (1859)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert); Iraq (NE-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, Negev Desert, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Kuwait
20 EGY 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR 35 KUW SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chamaepeplus var. angustifolia Danin; Bocconea 3: 104 (1992)
= Euphorbia chamaepeplus var. sinaica Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Euphorbia sinaica Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Tithymalus chamaepeplus (Boiss. & Gaill.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia chamaerrhodos Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 3 (1860)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Concepcion, Misiones, Paraguari)
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum nanum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 32 (1860)
= Chamaesyce chamaerrhodos (Boiss.) Croizat; J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 184 (1943)
= Chamaesyce nana (Klotzsch & Garcke) M.P.Simmons & W.J.Hayden; Brittonia 49(2): 166 (1997)
= Euphorbia chamaerrhodos var. hirsuta Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 681 (1905)
= Euphorbia nana Klotzsch ex Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 8 (1860), pro syn.
species :
Euphorbia chamaesula Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 38 (1860)
Name: Mountain spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce mathewsii Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 797 (1933)
= Euphorbia chamaesula var. subdentata (Engelm.) Norton; N. Amer. Euphorbia 47 (1899)
= Euphorbia esuliformis var. subdentata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 192 (1859)
= Tithymalus chamaesula (Boiss.) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia chamaesyce L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 455 (1753)
Name: Graue Schiefblattwolfsmilch (DE); Chirriguela cana (ES); Prostrate Spurge (EN)
Distribution: Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread incl. many islands); Crete; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Great Southwestern Desert); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago); Botswana [I]; South Africa [I]; Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iraq: Desert); Afghanistan (Balkh, Herat, Kabul); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Kurram); Peru [I]
11 aut ger net swi 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY CVI 27 bot saf swz 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 40 PAK 83 per
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum chamaesyce (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 160 (1812)
= Anisophyllum vaticanum Gand.; Fl. Eur. 20: 143 (1890), opus utique oppr.
= Chamaesyce canescens (L.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 15, in clavi, 19 (1933)
= Chamaesyce canescens subsp. glabra (Roep.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce chamaesyce (L.) Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 283 (1954), nom. inval.
= Chamaesyce libassii (Lojac.) Giardina & Raimondo; Bocconea 20: 11 (2007)
= Chamaesyce vulgaris Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 8 (1941), nom. nov.
= Ditrita rotundifolia Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)
= Euphorbia canescens L.; Sp. Pl., ed. 2 [Linnaeus] 652 (1762)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subf. integrifolia (Thell.) Hegi & Beger; 145 (1924)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce f. glabra (Roep.) Hegi & Beger; 145 (1924)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subsp. canescens (L.) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia [Cattaneo] 312 (1844)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subsp. canescens (L.) Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 119 (1914), isonym
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. canescens (L.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 35 (1862), isonym
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. canescens (L.) Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 324 (1809)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabra C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 4: 196 (1833), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabra Roep.; Enum. Euphorb. Germ. Pannon. 38 (1824)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabriuscula Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 3: 489 (1877)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. integrifolia Thell.; 759 (1907)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. pilosa Roep.; J. É. Duby, Bot. Gall. (1824)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. villosa M.Loehr; Duby, 589 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia libassii Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 329 (1907)
= Euphorbia perforata Tineo ex Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 329 (1907), pro syn.
= Euphorbia pinnulosa Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 329 (1907)
= Euphorbia prostrata Burch. ex Hemsl.; Rep. Voy. Challenger, Bot. 1(2): 82 (1884), pro syn.
= Euphorbia reichenbachiana Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 2(2): 330 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia vaticana Gand.; Nov. Consp. Fl. Eur. 417 (1910)
= Tithymalus chamaesyce (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 666 (1794)
= Tithymalus nummularius Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 101 (1779)
= Xamesike palestina Raf.; Autik. Bot. 97 (1840)
= Xamesike vulgaris Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Xamesike xamobala Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836)
variant :
var. massiliensis (DC.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 265 (1936)
Name: Marseiller Schiefblattwolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; S-Spain; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; ?Tunisia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; etc.
11 ger 12 SAR SPA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA ROM SIC 14 KRY UKR 20 MOR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce canescens subsp. massiliensis (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce massiliensis (DC.) Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 299 (1974)
= Chamaesyce vulgaris subsp. massiliensis (DC.) Benedí & J.J.Orell; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 46 (1992), et 22: 151 (1993)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subsp. massiliensis (DC.) Thell.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 7: 457 (1917)
= Euphorbia massiliensis DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 357 (1815)
= Euphorbia massiliensis var. villosa DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 357 (1815)
species :
Euphorbia chamaesycoides B.Nord.; Dinteria 11: 20 (1974)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: sect. Anisophyllum, subsect. Hypericifoliae
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chamaesycoides (B.Nord.) Koutnik; S. African J. Bot. 3(4): 263 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia chamanbidensis Nasseh; Nordic J. Bot. 36(5)-e01413: 27 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia chamissonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 14 (1862)
Distribution: Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Java [I]; New Caledonia (widespread); Fiji; American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu´u, Ofu, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Islands, ´Upolu, Savai´i); Tuvalu (Nui Atoll); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa, Tabiteuea, Onotoa, Beru); Nauru; Tuamotu Arch. (Makatea Isl.); Palau (Kayangel, Babeldaob, Urukthapel, Ngeanges, Angaur, Sonsorol, Pulu Anna); Northern Marianas (Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Woleai, Ifalik, Satawal, Puluwat, Namonuito, Nomwin, Fefan, Fanano, Shiki Isl., Nama, Lukunor, Satawan, Kapingamarangi, Pohnpei, Pingelap); Marshall Isl. (Enewetok, Bikini, Utirik, Ujelang, Ujae, Wotho, Lae, Kwajalein, Ailuk, Likiep, Aur, Ailinglapalap, Arno, Majuro, Jaluit)
38 JAP NNS 42 jaw 60 ASA FIJ GIL NRU NWC SAM TUV 61 TUA 62 GUM MIC MRN MRS PLU
Remarks: see also E. atoto and E. pallens which are often confused
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum chamissonis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859 22 (1860)
= Chamaesyce chamissonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) F.C.Ho; Trop. Pl. Taiwan Colour 3: 28, 355 (1982)
species :
Euphorbia chapmanii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Name: Chapman´s spurge
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia nudicaulis Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S. 402 (1825), non Perr.
species :
Euphorbia characias L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 463 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. characias
Name: Palisaden-Wolfsmilch (DE); Mediterranean Spurge (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (SE-Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Monaco; Andorra; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (scattered to rare); Crete; Morocco; Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Chalki, Rhodos, Karpathos); USA [I] (California [I]); Argentina [I]
10 grb ire 11 ger 12 ADO BAL COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA SIC sma SRB TUE 20 LBY MOR 34 EAI 76 usa 85 arg
Remarks: characias agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Characias purpurea (Lam.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821)
= Esula characias (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia characias f. maritima P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 3: 413 (1951), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia characias proles eriocarpa (Bertol.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 12: 158 (1910)
= Euphorbia characias subsp. veneta (Willd.) Litard.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(2): 99 (1936)
= Euphorbia characias var. eriocarpa (Bertol.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 651 (1881)
= Euphorbia characias var. lusitanica O.Bolòs; Mem. Soc. Brot. 21: 325 (1971)
= Euphorbia characias var. veneta (Willd.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia cretica Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 28 (1768)
= Euphorbia cuatrecasasii Pau; Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 353 (1929)
= Euphorbia eriocarpa Bertol.; Comment. Itin. Neapol. 22 (1837)
= Euphorbia rubens Chaix; Pl. Vapinc. 44 (1785)
= Euphorbia veneta Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 2: 507 (1809)
= Galarhoeus creticus (Mill.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 149 (1812)
= Tithymalus characias (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. [Hill] 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus purpureus Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 98 (1779)
= Tithymalus serotina Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
= Tithymalus venetus (Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 95 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. wulfenii (Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch) Radcl.-Sm.; Feddes Repert. 79(1-2): 55 (1968)
Name: Wulfen-Wolfsmilch
Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (widespread lowlands, incl. some islands); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); New Zealand [I]
13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB TUE 34 TUR 51 nzl
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia characias var. melapetala (Gasp. ex Guss.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia lycia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 172 (1862)
= Euphorbia melapetala Gasp. ex Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr., Suppl. 152 (1830)
= Euphorbia melapetala var. leiocarpa Guss. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 172 (1862)
= Euphorbia messeniaca Heldr. ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 104 (1904), pro syn.
= Euphorbia sibthorpii Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 39 (1860)
= Euphorbia wulfenii Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 628 (1837)
= Tithymalus melapetalus (Gasp. ex Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 81 (1860)
= Tithymalus sibthorpii (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
= Tithymalus wulfenii (Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 177 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia charleswilsoniana V.Vlk; Kaktusy (Brno) 33(2): 47 (1997), nom. nov.
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia wilsonii V.Vlk; Kaktusy (Brno) 33(1): 23 (1997), homonym, non Correll (1980)
species :
Euphorbia cheiradenia Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 12: 112 (1853)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 IRN IRQ JOR SYR TUR
Remarks: petrophila agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bothriosperma Boiss. & Kotschy; Cent. Euphorb. 36 (1860)
= Euphorbia elwendica Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 45 (1886) (ellwendica)
= Euphorbia schizadenia Boiss. & Hohen. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 12: 113 (1853)
= Tithymalus cheiradenius (Boiss. & Hohen.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 98 (1860)
= Tithymalus elwendicus (Stapf) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 172 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cheirolepis Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Karelin; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3(2): 558 (1850)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Faryab); Pakistan (Baluchistan)
32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum cheirolepis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Karelin) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 21 (1860)
= Cystidospermum cheirolepis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Karelin) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 26 (1933)
= Dematra cheirolepis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Karelin) J.Sojak; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 148: 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Euphorbia cheirolepis var. heterophylla Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 70 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia chenopodifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 1264 (1866)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Euphorbia chersonesa Huft; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71(4): 1023 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia chevalieri (N.E.Br.) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 CAF ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium chevalieri N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 1035 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia chiribensis V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Aliso 16: 52 (1997)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia christophei Rebmann; Bull. Obregonia 2023: 25 (2023)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia chrysophylla (Klotzsch & Boiss.) Klotzsch ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 194 (1862)
Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia collina var. chrysophylla (Klotzsch & Garcke) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 215 (1977)
= Tithymalus chrysophyllus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 72 (1860)
= Tithymalus collinus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 93 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cinerascens Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 186 (1858)
Name: Ashy sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cinerascens (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 710 (1903)
= Euphorbia melanadenia var. subinappendiculata Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 172 (1861)
species :
Euphorbia cinerea W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 161 (1918)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia citrina S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45(2): 331 (1990)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
species :
Euphorbia clandestina Jacq.; Pl. Rar. Hort. Schoenbr. 4: 43, t. 484 (1804)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia clarae (Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium clarae Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 59(3-4): 478 (1989)
species :
Euphorbia clarkeana Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 253 (1887)
Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Lahore, Jhelum, Baltistan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh); Maldives
40 IND MDV PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce clarkeana (Hook.f.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Euphorbia heyneana var. scindica Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 36 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia classenii P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 29(3): 507 (1974)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia clava Jacq.; Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: 9, t. 85 (1784)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia canaliculata Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 417 (1788)
= Euphorbia clavata Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 389 (1796)
= Euphorbia coronata Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 86 (1800)
= Treisia clava (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 131 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia clavarioides Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 25 (1860)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia basutica Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 1: 408 (1910)
= Euphorbia clavarioides var. truncata (N.E.Br.) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 309 (1941)
= Euphorbia truncata N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 309 (1915), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia clavidigitata Gage; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 239 (1914)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Euphorbia clavigera N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 362 (1915)
Distribution: Mozambique; South Africa (E-Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia persistens R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. South Africa 18: t. 713 (1938)
= Euphorbia umfoloziensis Peckover; Aloe 28(2): 37 (1991)
species :
Euphorbia claytonioides Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 533 (1897)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: sect. Tenellae
species :
Euphorbia clementei Bourg. ex Boiss.; Elenchus 82 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. clementei
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: clementei agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atlantica Coss. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 130 (1862), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia atlantica var. leiocarpa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 130 (1862)
= Euphorbia atlantica var. major Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 130 (1862)
= Euphorbia atlantis f. major (Boiss.) Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 2: 69 (1953), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia atlantis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 215 (1941)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. leiocarpa (Boiss.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. major (Boiss.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia clementei f. angustifolia Lange; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 260 (1893), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia clementei f. hozmariensis Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 383 (1924)
= Euphorbia clementei f. maroccana (Maire) Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 2: 67 (1953)
= Euphorbia clementei var. angustifolia Lange; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 260 (1893)
= Euphorbia clementei var. maroccana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 228 (1935)
= Euphorbia rupicola var. clementei (Boiss.) Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 68 (1922)
= Euphorbia squamigera subsp. clementei (Boiss.) Losa & Vindt; Arch. Inst. Aclim. Cons. Super. Invest. Ci. 13: 105 (1968)
= Euphorbia tetuanensis Pau; Le Monde Pl. 30: No. 181, 1 (1929)
= Tithymalus atlantis (Maire) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus clementei (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 76 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. faurei (Maire) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché; Candollea 51(1): 66 (1996)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia squamigera var. faurei Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 215 (1932)
subspecies :
subsp. villosa (Faure & Maire) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché; Candollea 51(1): 67 (1996)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atlantica var. villosa Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 202 (1929)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. villosa (Faure & Maire) Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 2: 69 (1953)
= Euphorbia clementei var. villifolia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 229 (1935)
species :
Euphorbia clivicola R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 6: 221 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. clivicola
Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
subspecies :
subsp. calcritica Bruyns; Phytotaxa 436(3): 207 (2020)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia clusiifolia Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 95 (1832)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum nodosum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 22 (1860)
= Chamaesyce clusiifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Chamaesyce forbesii (Sherff) Croizat & O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia forbesii Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 582 (1936)
species :
Euphorbia coalcomanensis (Croizat) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan, Nayarit)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus coalcomanensis Croizat; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 33: 19 (1943)
species :
Euphorbia coccinea B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 228 (1821)
Distribution: NW-India (Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce coccinea (B.Heyne ex Roth) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia coerulans Pax; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 739 (1898)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia coghlanii F.M.Bailey; Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 13: 12 (1896)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce coghlanii (F.M.Bailey) D.C.Hassall ex P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
species :
Euphorbia collenetteae Al-Zahrani & El Karemy; Edinburgh J. Bot. 64(2): 131 (2007)
Distribution: Sudan; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia
24 ERI SUD 35 SAU
species :
Euphorbia colletioides Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 163 (1846)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema colletioides (Benth.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Aklema ligustrina (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Aklema plicata (S.Watson) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Euphorbia junciformis Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexico. ed. 2, 122 (1894) (inciformis)
= Euphorbia ligustrina Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 21 (1860)
= Euphorbia padifolia Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 54 (1914) non (L.) Guss.
= Euphorbia plicata S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 438 (1886), et 22: 450 (1887)
= Euphorbia recta Klotzsch; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 277 (1856)
species :
Euphorbia colliculina A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 1: 401 2: App. A, 963 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia colligata V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus connatus Dressler & Sacamano; Acta Bot. Mex. 18: 21 (1992)
species :
Euphorbia collina Phil.; Linnaea 29: 41 (1857 publ. 1858)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Cordoba, La Pampa, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Magallanes)
84 BRA 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides subsp. collina (Phil.) Croizat; Darwiniana 6: 188 (1943)
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. collina (Phil.) Croizat; Darwiniana 6: 188 (1943)
= Tithymalus collinus (Phil.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 93 (1860)
= Tithymalus collinus (Phil.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980), isonym
variant :
var. andina (Phil.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 214 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquén, Santa Cruz); Chile (Maule, Araucanía, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia andina Phil.; Linnaea 29: 41 (1857)
= Euphorbia dasyclada Dusén; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: Suppl. 169 (1914)
variant :
var. glaucescens (Chodat & Wilczek) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 217 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. glaucescens Chodat & Wilczek; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 532 (1906)
variant :
var. minor (Hicken) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 218 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquén, Santa Cruz); Chile (Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. minor Hicken; Darwiniana 1: 57 (1922)
variant :
var. nahuelhuapina (Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 219 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides subsp. nahuelhuapina Croizat; Darwiniana 6: 189 (1943)
variant :
var. patagonica (Hieron.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 219 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia patagonica Hieron.; Bol. Acad. Ci. (Córdoba) 3: 337 (1879)
variant :
var. spathulata (Chodat & Wilcz.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 220 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro); Chile (Aisén)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. spathulata Chodat & Wilczek; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 532 (1906)
species :
Euphorbia colorata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 190 (1858)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Poinsettia colorata (Engelm.) Dressler; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 48: 336 (1962)
species :
Euphorbia colubrina P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3868 (1982)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia columnaris P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 19: 151 (1964)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia commersonii Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 623 (1886)
Distribution: SE-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia elliotii Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 74 (1945)
species :
Euphorbia commutata Engelm. ex A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray], ed. 2: 389 (1856)
Name: Tinted woodland spurge
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia austrina (Small) Jabl.; Phytologia 28: 127 (1974), nom. inval.
= Euphorbia commutata var. erecta Norton; N. Amer. Euphorbia 35 (1899)
= Euphorbia ohiotica Steud. & Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Galarhoeus austrinus (Small) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 801 (1933)
= Galarhoeus commutatus (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Small ex Rydb.; Fl. Plains N. Amer. 520 (1932)
= Galarhoeus commutatus var. erectus (Norton) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 801 (1933)
= Tithymalus austrinus Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 720 (1903)
= Tithymalus commutatus (Engelm. ex A.Gray) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 82 (1860)
= Tithymalus commutatus var. erectus (Norton) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 720 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia comosa Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 202 5: t. 15 (1825 publ. 1829)
Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Falcon, Guarico, Merida, Sucre, Trujillo, Zulia); ?Surinam; NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lupulina Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 23 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia complanata Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18: 196 (1894)
Distribution: New Guinea [I]
42 nwg
species :
Euphorbia compressa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 41 (1862)
Distribution: Venezuela (Aragua, Guarico)
82 VEN
species :
Euphorbia concanensis Janarth. & S.R.Yadav; Rheedea 5(2): 148 (1995)
Distribution: India (Maharashtra, Goa)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce concanensis (Janarth. & S.R.Yadav) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 91 (2004), isonym
= Chamaesyce concanensis (Janarth. & S.R.Yadav) S.R.Dutta & M.R.Almeida; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 100(2-3): 580 (2003)
species :
Euphorbia condylocarpa M.B.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 377 (1808)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: apios agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amplexicaulis Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 567 (1850), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia cardiophylla Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 12: 107 (1853)
= Tithymalus amplexicaulis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 80 (1860)
= Tithymalus cardiophyllus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 78 (1860)
= Tithymalus condylocarpus (M.Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 78 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia conferta (Small) B.E.Sm.; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 62: 82 (1946)
Name: Everglade Key sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce conferta Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 713 (1903)
= Euphorbia conferta (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), isonym
species :
Euphorbia confinalis R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 6: 222 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. confinalis
Name: Lebombo Euphorbia (EN)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
subspecies :
subsp. rhodesiaca L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 32: 174 (1966)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia congestiflora L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Sér. 2, 44: 197 (1970)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Tirucalli
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia congestifolia (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia coniosperma Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 196 (1860)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ancyrensis Azn. ex Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 25: 106 (1964)
= Tithymalus ancyrensis (Azn. ex Khan) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4). 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia connata Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 112 (1862)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia consanguinea Schrenk; Enum. Pl. Nov. [Fischer & Meyer] 1: 88 (1841)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Tajikistan
32 KAZ TKM TZK
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus consanguineus (Schrenk) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 64 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia consoquitlae Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 7: 327 (1920)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia contorta L.C.Leach; Kirkia 4: 17 (1964)
Distribution: N-Mozambique
26 MOZ
species :
Euphorbia convolvuloides Hochst. ex Benth.; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 499 (1849)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Malawi
22 BEN BKN GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN CON 24 CHA ETH SUD 26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum convolvuloides (Hochst. ex Benth.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 34 (1860)
= Chamaesyce prieuriana (Baill.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Euphorbia convolvuloides Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 46 (1862)
= Euphorbia prieuriana Baill.; Recueil Observ. Bot. 1: 61 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia conzattii V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus pulchellus Dressler; Contr. Gray Herb. 182: 111 (1957)
species :
Euphorbia cooperi N.E.Br. ex A.Berger; Sukkul. Euphorb. 83 (1907 publ. 1906)
Name: Transvaal Candelabra Tree
Distribution: Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
variant :
var. calidicola L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 36: 34 (1970)
Distribution: Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ ZIM
variant :
var. ussanguensis (N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 36: 31 (1970)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ussanguensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 587 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia copiapina Phil.; Linnaea 29: 42 (1857)
Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia calderensis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 91: 510 (1895)
= Euphorbia subumbellata Steud. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 103 (1862), pro syn.
species :
Euphorbia corallioides L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 460 (1753)
Name: Korallen-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; C-Italy; S-Italy; Sicily; +Algeria
10 grb 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia corallioides var. denudata Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 117 (1862)
= Euphorbia denudata Bertol.; Fl. It. 5: 91 (1842)
= Galarhoeus corallioides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 146 (1812)
= Tithymalus corallioides (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia cordatella Oudejans; Phytologia 67: 45 (1989)
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cordata Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 164 (1923), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia cordeiroae P.Carrillo & V.W.Steinm.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(2): 170 (2011)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia cordifolia Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 2: 656 (1821)
Name: Heartleaf sandmat
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cordifolia (Elliott) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 709 (1903)
= Euphorbia ludoviciana Featherm.; Rep. Bot. Surv. S. & Centr. Louisiana 71, 105 (1871), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia ludoviciana Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 111 (1817)
species :
Euphorbia cornastra (Dressler) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 32(2): 482 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Poinsettia cornastra Dressler; Bol. Soc. Bot. México 35: 17 (1975)
species :
Euphorbia corneliae Bruyns; Haseltonia 25: 48, figs. 25-27 (2018)
Distribution: SW-Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Esula, sect. Esula
species :
Euphorbia corniculata R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. Africa 27: t. 1076 (1949)
Distribution: NE-Mozambique
26 MOZ
species :
Euphorbia cornigera Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 122 (1862)
Distribution: N-Pakistan (Swat, Dir, Hazara, Murree); NW-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pilosa var. cornigera (Boiss.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 261 (1887)
species :
Euphorbia corollata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 459 (1753)
Name: Flowering spurge
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Agaloma arundelana (Bartlett) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 300 (1912)
= Agaloma corollata (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 117 (1836)
= Agaloma joorii (Norton) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 300 (1912)
= Agaloma marilandica (Greene) House; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 7: 130 (1921)
= Agaloma olivacea (Small) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 300 (1912)
= Euphorbia arundelana Bartlett; Rhodora 13: 164 (1911)
= Euphorbia corollata var. glauca Millsp.; Bot. Gaz. 26: 267 (1898)
= Euphorbia corollata var. grandiflora Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 67 (1862)
= Euphorbia corollata var. hirsuta Macnab; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 63 (1835)
= Euphorbia corollata var. joorii Norton; Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 155 (1898)
= Euphorbia corollata var. molle Millsp.; Bot. Gaz. 26: 267 (1898)
= Euphorbia corollata var. subpetiolata Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 67 (1862)
= Euphorbia corollata var. viridiflora Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 8: 273 (1923)
= Euphorbia discolor Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 10: 37 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia marilandica Greene; Pittonia 3: 345 (1898)
= Euphorbia olivacea Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 613 (1898)
= Galarhoeus corollatus (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 146 (1812)
= Tithymalopsis arundelana (Bartlett) Small; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 2: 470 (1913)
= Tithymalopsis corollata (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 249 (1859)
= Tithymalopsis corollata (L.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 717 (1903), isonym
= Tithymalopsis corollatus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Tithymalopsis joorii (Norton) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 717 (1903)
= Tithymalopsis olivacea (Small) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 717 (1903)
= Tithymalus marilandicus (Greene) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 717 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia correllii M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 130 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, ?Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus correllii (Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia correntina Parodi; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 11: 49 (1881)
Distribution: Argentina (Corrientes)
85 ARG
species :
Euphorbia corsica Req.; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 384 (1825)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
Remarks: corsica agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula corsica (Req.) Gand.; Fl. Eur. 20: 115, 139 (1890), opus utique oppr.
= Euphorbia rigida Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 414 (1827)
= Tithymalus corsicus (Req.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cossoniana Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 135 (1862)
Distribution: Morocco; N-Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cossoniana var. maroccana Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl. 80 (1919)
= Tithymalus cossonianus (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4). 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cotinifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 453 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. cotinifolia
Name: Poison Spurge
Distribution: Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; D.R.Congo [Zaire] [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I]); Taiwan [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cayman Isl.; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Montserrat; Martinique; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Tobago; Trinidad; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru
22 ben bkn gui 23 cmn zai 36 chi 38 tai 79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BON CAY CUR HIS MAR MTS PUE STV TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema cotinifolia (L.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Aklema scotanum (Schltdl.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Aklema yavalquahuitl (Schltdl.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Alectoroctonum caracasanum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 40 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum cotinifolium (L.) Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1846)
= Alectoroctonum riedelianum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 41 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum scotanum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Alectoroctonum willdenowii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 41 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum yavalquahuitl Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Euphorbia caracasana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 60 (1862)
= Euphorbia cotinifolia (L.) Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 46 (1817)
= Euphorbia scotanum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 250 (1847)
= Euphorbia scotanum var. yavalquahuitl Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 60 (1862)
= Euphorbia venenata Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 250 (1847)
= Tithymalus cotinifolius (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 141 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. cotinoides (Miq.) Christenh.; Harvard Pap. Bot. 7(1): 3 (2002)
Distribution: S-India [c]; Bangladesh [c]; Thailand [c]; Venezuela (Bolívar); Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará)
40 ban ind 41 tha 82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alectoroctonum cotinoides (Miq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 248 (1859)
= Euphorbia cotinoides Miq.; Linnaea 21: 473 (1848)
= Euphorbia cotinoides var. riedeliana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Müll.Arg.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 11(2): 669 (1874)
= Euphorbia cotinoides var. verrucosa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 60 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia cowellii (Millsp. ex Britton) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico
81 HIS PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cowellii Millsp. ex Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 457 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia craspedia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 1, 7: 95 (1846)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: denticulata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus craspedius Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 87 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia crassa (Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 55 (2021)
Distribution: C-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia enterophora subsp. crassa Cremers; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 17(3): 348 (1978)
= Euphorbia xylophylloides subsp. crassa (Cremers) S.Carter; Euphorbia World 10(2): 19 (2014)
species :
Euphorbia crassicaulis (Rauh) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 27 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. crassicaulis (Rauh) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 153 (2016)
= Euphorbia francoisii var. crassicaulis Rauh; Euphorbia J. 10: 183 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia crassimarginata Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 480 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia crassinodis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 340 (1899)
Distribution: S-Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crassinodis (Urb.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia crassipes Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 1: 318 (1909)
Distribution: S-Namibia; South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov., North-West Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia baliola N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 327 (1915)
= Euphorbia eendornensis Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 196 (1932)
= Euphorbia fusca Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa 2: 38 (1910)
= Euphorbia hopetownensis Nel; Kakteenkunde 192 (1933)
= Euphorbia inornata N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 585, 586 (1925)
species :
Euphorbia creberrima McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 218 (1993)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Durango, Jalisco, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cremersii Rauh & Razaf.; Euphorbia J. 7: 23 (1991)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cremersii f. viridifolia Rauh; Euphorbia J. 7: 25 (1991)
variant :
var. rakatozafyi (Cremers) Rauh; Succ. & Xeroph. Pl. Madagascar 1: 172 (1995)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia francoisii var. rakotozafyi Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 377 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia crenata (N.E.Br.) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium crenatum N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 461 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia crenulata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 192 (1858)
Name: Chinese caps
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia crenulata var. franciscana Norton; N. Amer. Euphorbia 38 (1899)
= Euphorbia leptocera Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 143 (1862)
= Euphorbia leptocera Engelm. ex Torr.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4 [Whipple]: 135 (1862)
= Euphorbia leptocera var. crenulata (Engelm.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 143 (1862)
= Euphorbia manca A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 47: 437 (1909)
= Euphorbia nortoniana A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 47: 437 (1909)
= Tithymalus crenulatus (Engelm.) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 55 (1922)
= Tithymalus franciscanus (Norton) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 56 (1904)
= Tithymalus leptocerus (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Tithymalus mancus (A.Nelson) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 9: 67 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia crepitata L.C.Wheeler; Contr. Gray Herb., Ser. 2, 127: 60 (1939)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crepitata (L.C.Wheeler) Mayfield; Phytologia 75(2): 179 (1993)
variant :
var. longa M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 139 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crepitata var. longa (M.C.Johnst.) Mayfield; Phytologia 75(2): 179 (1993)
species :
Euphorbia crepuscula (L.C.Wheeler) V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Madroño 42(4): 455 (1995 publ. 1996)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia villifera var. crepuscula L.C.Wheeler; Contr. Gray Herb. 127: 61 (1939)
species :
Euphorbia cressoides M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 123 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cressoides (M.C.Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Prír. 148: 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia cristata B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 226 (1821)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam
40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cristata (B.Heyne ex Roth) G.L.Webster; J. Arnold Arbor. 48: 424 (1967)
= Chamaesyce cristata (B.Heyne ex Roth) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce fimbriata subsp. burmanica (Panigrahi) K.S.Rao & M.N.V.Prasad; Taxon 36(4): 762 (1987)
= Chamaesyce laciniata subsp. burmanica (Panigrahi) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 37(5): 454 (1977)
= Euphorbia cristata var. major Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 226 (1821)
= Euphorbia laciniata subsp. burmanica Panigrahi; Kew Bull. 30: 532 (1975)
= Lophobios cristata (B.Heyne ex Roth) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia crossadenia Pax & K.Hoffm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 174 (1923)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia crotonoides Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 98 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. crotonoides
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia holstii var. hebecarpa Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 374 (1904)
= Euphorbia systyloides var. hebecarpa (Pax) N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 521 (1911)
subspecies :
subsp. narokensis S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 651 (1984)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cruentata Graham; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 13: 361 (1832)
Distribution: USA (Missouri)
75 USA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
species :
Euphorbia crypta Ewest; Euphorbia World 11(1): 26 (2015)
Distribution: N-Chile
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia cryptocaulis M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(1): 231 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia cryptorubra N.C.Taylor & M.Terry; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(1): 2 (2016)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cryptospinosa P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 18: 351 (1963)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cubensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 1265 (1862)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cyanogala C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 21 (1866)
= Euphorbiodendron cubense (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 306 (1909)
species :
Euphorbia cuchumatanensis Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 169 (1944)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
species :
Euphorbia culminicola Ant.Molina; Ceiba 11(1): 67 (1965)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Euphorbia cumbrae Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 16 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi); Guatemala; Honduras
79 MEX 80 GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cumbrae (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia cumulata R.A.Dyer; Rec. Albany Mus. 4: 92 (1931)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia cumulicola (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
Name: Coastal dune sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cumulicola Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 794 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia cuneata Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 2: 53 (1791)
subspecies :
subsp. cuneata
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); ?Togo; ?Benin; Nigeria; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)
20 EGY 22 NGA 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia carpasus Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 98 (1862), pro syn.
= Euphorbia cuneata var. carpasus Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 97 (1862)
= Euphorbia cuneata var. perrottetii (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 97 (1862)
= Euphorbia fruticosa Edgew.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 16: (1847) 1219
= Euphorbia perrottetii Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 72, t. 464 (1855)
= Lyciopsis cuneata Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 37 (1867)
= Tirucalia cuneata (Vahl) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
subspecies :
subsp. cretacea S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(6): 686 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
subspecies :
subsp. lamproderma S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 428 (1980)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
subspecies :
subsp. spinescens (Pax) Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 429 (1980)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cuneata var. spinescens (Pax) S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 429 (1980)
= Euphorbia lyciopsis Pax; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C 242 (1895)
= Euphorbia spinescens Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 120 (1894)
variant :
var. pumilans S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 430 (1980)
Distribution: SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
subspecies :
subsp. wajirensis S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 428 (1980)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; ?S-Somalia; NW-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cuneifolia Guss.; Pl. Rar. 190 (1826)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Algeria; Tunisia
12 COR SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia stellulata Salzm. ex Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 415 (1827)
= Tithymalus cuneifolius (Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 76 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cuneneana L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 21 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. cuneneana
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
subspecies :
subsp. rhizomatosa L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 24 (1976)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia cuphosperma (Engelm.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 73 (1862)
Name: Hairy-fruit spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia dentata f. cuphosperma (Engelm.) Fernald; Rhodora 50: 148 (1948)
= Euphorbia dentata var. cuphosperma Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 190 (1859)
= Poinsettia cuphosperma (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 721 (1903)
= Poinsettia dentata var. cuphosperma (Engelm.) Mohlenbr.; Ill. Fl. Illinois, Fl. Pl. Basswoods-Spurges 198 (1982)
species :
Euphorbia cupricola (Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium cupricola Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 60(3-4): 301 (1990)
species :
Euphorbia cuprispina S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 378 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cupularis Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 23 (1860)
Name: Dead-man´s Tree, Crying Tree
Distribution: Malawi; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MLW 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arborescens E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 184 (1843), nomen
= Euphorbia synadenia Baill.; Adansonia 3: 142 (1862 publ. 1863)
= Synadenium arborescens Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 187 (1862)
= Synadenium cupulare (Boiss.) L.C.Wheeler ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 953 (1941)
species :
Euphorbia currorii N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 545 (1911)
Distribution: Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Lyciopsis
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ohiva Swanepoel; S. African J. Bot. 75(2): 249 (2009)
species :
Euphorbia curtisii Engelm.; Chapm. Fl. South. U. S. 401 (1860)
Name: Curtis´ spurge
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Agaloma curtisii (Engelm.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 300 (1912)
= Agaloma eriogonoides (Small) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 299 (1912)
= Euphorbia curtisii var. longipes Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 67 (1862)
= Euphorbia eriogonoides Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 614 (1898)
= Euphorbia ruegeliana Shuttlew. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 67 (1862), pro syn.
= Tithymalopsis curtisii (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 716 (1903)
= Tithymalopsis eriogonoides (Small) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 716 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia cuspidata Bertol.; Miscell. Bot. 2: 9 (1843) non 3: 17 (1844)
Distribution: Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 IRQ JOR SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chesneyi (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 152 (1862)
= Euphorbia fieldii Sirj.; Papers Peabody Mus. Amer. Archaeol. 48(2): 74 (1956)
= Euphorbia palmyrena Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 109: 194 (1963)
= Tithymalus chesneyi Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Akad. Wiss. (Physik) Berlin 37: 99 (1860)
= Tithymalus palmyrenus (Mouterde) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-4): 175 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cussonioides P.R.O.Bally; Bothalia 7: 29 (1958)
Distribution: Kenya (mountains)
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cyanofolia Ewest; Euphorbia World 11(2): 21 (2015)
Distribution: N-Chile
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia cyathophora Murray; Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: 81 (1786)
Name: Mexican Fire Plant, Wild Poinsettia (EN); Maravilla (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I], La Gomera [I], Fuerteventura [I], Lanzarote [I]); Togo [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I]; St. Helena [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; Chagos Arch. [I] (Diego Garcia [I]); Qatar [I]; China [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Volcano Isl. [I] (Iwo-Jima Isl. [I]); India [I] (throughout); Maldives [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; Philippines [I]; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Phoenix Isl. [I] (Kanton [I], Orona [I], Manra [I], Nikumaroro [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Butaritari [I], Tarawa [I], Tabiteuea [I]); Nauru [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Palmyra Atoll [I], Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Palmerston [I], Penrhyn [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Peleliu [I], Angaur [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Saipan [I], Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Ulithi [I], Fais [I], Woleai [I], Faraulep [I], Lamotrek [I], Truk [I], Udot [I], Piis [I], Pohnpei [I], Mokil [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Utirik [I], Kwajalein [I], Ailuk [I], Likiep [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Wake Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Midway Isl. [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I]); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin); Bermuda; Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. Thomas, Virgin Gorda); St. Barthélémy; Saba; Antigua; Redonda; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Huila, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Guarico, Lara); Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Guaira); Argentina (Cordoba, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero); Chile [I] (Antofagasta [I])
21 cny 22 tog 26 zam zim 27 bot nam saf 28 sth 29 cgs mau reu sey 35 qat 36 chi 38 kzn nns 40 ind mdv 41 cbd tha vie 42 cki nwg phi scs xms 50 aus lhi 60 asa fij gil nru nue phx sam ton van 61 coo lin sci 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu wak 63 haw 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BAH BER CAY CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR PUE SAB SBA STL TCI TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG SUR SWC VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG cle PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia barbellata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 190 (1858)
= Euphorbia cyathophora var. graminifolia Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S. 402 (1860)
= Euphorbia graminifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 210 (1803)
= Euphorbia havanensis Willd. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 73 (1862)
= Euphorbia heterophylla f. cyathophora (Murray) Voss; Vilm. Ill. Blumengärtn., ed. 3 [Sieber & Voss], 1: 898 (1895)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. barbellata (Engelm.) Holz.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 1: 216 (1892)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 45 (1859)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. graminifolia (Chapm.) Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S., ed. 3: 424 (1897), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. graminifolia Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 190 (1859)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. minor Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 73 (1862)
= Euphorbia pandurifolia Roth; Bot. Abh. Beobacht. 48 (1787)
= Poinsettia barbellata (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 722 (1903)
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) Bartl.; Index Sem. Hort. Acad. Götting. 1839: 6 (1839)
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) F.C.Ho; Trop. Pl. Taiwan Colour 3: 30 (1982), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 253 (1859), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) S.Br.; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 61: 492 (1909 publ. 1910), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora var. graminifolia (Chapm.) Mohlenbr.; Ill. Fl. Illinois, Fl. Pl. Basswoods-Spurges 197 (1982)
= Poinsettia edwardsii Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 253 (1859)
= Poinsettia graminifolia (Chapm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 2: 304 (1909)
= Poinsettia havanensis (Willd. ex Boiss.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 722 (1903)
= Tithymalus cyatophorus (Murray) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 667 (1794)
species :
Euphorbia cybirensis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 89 (1846)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kalimnos, to, Rhodos); Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: valerianifolia agg.; probably deserves species rank fide Strid (2024)
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cybirensis var. acutifolia Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia cybirensis var. dehiscens Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 119 (1862)
= Euphorbia cybirensis var. longifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 119 (1862)
= Euphorbia cybirensis var. microcarpa Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 119 (1862)
= Tithymalus cybirensis (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 79 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cylindrica Marloth ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 1: 247 2: App. A, 962 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia cylindrifolia Marn.-Lap. & Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 12: 69 (1961)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cylindrifolia var. tuberifera Rauh; Kakteen And. Sukk. 14: 5 (1963)
species :
Euphorbia cylindroclada Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 57 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cymbifera (Schltdl.) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus aphyllus Boiss.; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 253 (1859), nomen, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 106 (1860)
= Pedilanthus cymbifer Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 253 (1846)
= Tithymaloides aphylla (Boiss. ex Klotzsch) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalus cymbifer (Schltdl.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
species :
Euphorbia cymbiformis Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 255 (1895)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL
species :
Euphorbia cymosa Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 611 (1812)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan, Quintana Roo, Yucatan); Jamaica; St. Vincent; Colombia (Atlántico)
79 MEX 81 JAM STV 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema nudiflora (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Alectoroctonum nudiflorum (Jacq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 40 (1859)
= Euphorbia nudiflora Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 3: 180 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Tithymalus nudiflorus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 142 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia cyparissias L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 461 (1753)
Name: Cypress spurge (EN), Zypressen-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; ?Baleares; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (south to Mt. Olimbos); Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Japan [I] (Hokkaido [I], Honshu [I]); Australia [I] (South Australia [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]
10 den fin grb ire nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 38 jap 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 82 clm
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula cupressina Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Esula cyparissias (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 155 (1812)
= Esula minor Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med. t. 264 (1764)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. degeneri Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 3: 278 (1828)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. denudata Döll; Rhein. Fl. 281 (1843)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. esuloides DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 362 (1815)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. major Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 160 (1862), nom. superfl.
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. picta Schur; 122 (1852)
= Euphorbia degener Hoffm.; 168 (1791)
= Euphorbia degenerata D.Dietr.; Fl. March. 227 (1841)
= Euphorbia esuloides (DC.) Ten.; Syll. Fl. Neap. 238 (1822)
= Euphorbia punctata Krock.; Fl. Siles. [Krocker] 2(1): 97 (1790), pro syn.
= Euphorbia stenophylla Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 595 (1866), non (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss. 1862
= Euphorbia tyraica Klokov & Artemczuk; Fl. URSR 7: 631 (1955)
= Galarhoeus cyparissias (L.) Small ex Rydb.; Fl. Plains N. Amer. 520 (1932)
= Keraselma cyparissias (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Tithymalus acicularis Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 156 (1867)
= Tithymalus angustifolius Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 209 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Tithymalus cinerea Raf.; Autik. Bot. 91 (1840)
= Tithymalus cyparissias (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. [Hill] 172/4 (1768)
species :
Euphorbia cyparissioides Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 123 (1894)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia (Asir, Rub al Khali)
22 NGA 23 CMN ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cyparissioides var. minor N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 543 (1911)
= Euphorbia dejecta N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 541 (1911)
= Euphorbia ericifolia Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 288 (1903)
= Euphorbia huillensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 27 (1899)
species :
Euphorbia cyri V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003), nom. nov.
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus tomentellus B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Amer. J. Sci., Ser. 3, 1: 164 (1895)
= Tithymalus tomentellus (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) Croizat; Amer. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
species :
Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Prokh.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 556 (1930)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; ?Iran; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Chitral)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cyrtophyllus Prokh.; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 556 (1930)
= Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 240 (1954), isonym
species :
Euphorbia czerepanovii Geltman; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(3): 122 (1997)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
species :
Euphorbia daghestanica Geltman; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82(3): 122 (1997)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan)
33 NCS
species :
Euphorbia dahurica Peschkova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 238 (1979)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
species :
Euphorbia dalettiensis M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(2): 391 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia dallachyana Baill.; Adansonia 6: 285 (1866)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce dallachyana (Baill.) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
= Euphorbia minutifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(2): 1268 (1866)
species :
Euphorbia damarana L.C.Leach; Bothalia 11(4): 500 (1975)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Tirucalli
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia damarana (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia damasoi Oudejans; Phytologia 67: 45 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ovata Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 164 (1923), nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia daphnoides Balf.f.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 21 (1877)
Distribution: +Rodrigues
29 ROD
species :
Euphorbia darbandensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 1040 (1913)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
species :
Euphorbia dasyacantha S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(4): 419 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia dauana S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 376 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia davidii Subils; Kurtziana 17: 125 (1984)
Name: David´s spurge
Distribution: Greece [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Florida [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], North Carolina [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
13 grc 33 geo ncs 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia dentata var. gracillima Millsp.; Pittonia 2: 90 (1890)
= Euphorbia dentata var. lancifolia Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 8: 273 (1923)
species :
Euphorbia daviesii E.A.Bruce; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 51 (1940)
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia imbricata Bruce; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 468 (1933) (non Vahl)
species :
Euphorbia davisii M.L.S.Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 25: 140, t. 10 (1964)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: amygdaloides agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus davisii (M.L.S.Khan) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 171 (1972), no basionym page.
species :
Euphorbia davyi N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 305 (1915)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia dawei N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 583 (1912)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA
species :
Euphorbia debilispina L.C.Leach; Excelsa 15: 13 (1991 publ. 1992)
Distribution: Zambia
26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia decaryi Guillaumin; Cactus (Mont St. Amaud) 3: No. 6, 3, nomen, et in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 6: 120, descr. (1934)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia francoisii Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 161 (1946)
= Euphorbia francoisii f. rubrifolia Rauh; Euphorbia J. 10: 183 (1996)
variant :
var. robinsonii Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 54(3-4): 373 (1984)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia deccanensis V.S.Raju; Taxon 34(3): 519 (1985), nom. nov.
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Cambodia; Vietnam
40 IND 41 CBD VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce katrajensis var. kasaragodensis (V.J.Nair, Binojk. & R.Ansari) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 92 (2004)
= Chamaesyce linearifolia (Roth) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140(3-41: 169 (1972)
= Euphorbia katrajensis var. kasaragodensis V.J.Nair, Binojk. & R.Ansari; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 14(2): 471 (1990)
= Euphorbia linearifolia Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 224 (1821), non E. linarifolia Willd.
= Euphorbia linearis B.Heyne; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 7712 (1821) ex Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 225
variant :
var. nallamalayana (J.L.Ellis) V.S.Raju; Taxon 34(3): 520 (1985)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce linearifolia var. nallamalayana (J.L.Ellis) K.S.Rao & M.N.V.Prasad; Taxon 36(4): 762 (1987)
= Chamaesyce linearifolia var. nallamalyana (J.L.Ellis) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 37(5): 454 (1977)
= Euphorbia linearifolia var. nallamalayana J.L.Ellis; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 8: 345 (1966)
species :
Euphorbia decepta N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 320 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. decepta
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia albertensis N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 323 (1915)
= Euphorbia astrophora Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 68(6): 311 (1996)
= Euphorbia brevirama N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 5(2): 317 (1915)
= Euphorbia brevirama var. astrophora (Marx) Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 11(2): 8 (2015)
= Euphorbia brevirama var. supraterra Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 11(2): 9 (2015)
= Euphorbia suppressa Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71: 33 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. gamkensis (Marx) Bruyns; Euphorbia Southern Africa 1: 297 (2022)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia gamkensis Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71: 38 (1999)
species :
Euphorbia decidua P.R.O.Bally & L.C.Leach; Candollea 18: 347 (1963), et Kirkia 10(1): 293 (1975)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; N-Mozambique
23 ZAI 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
species :
Euphorbia decorsei Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 44 (1903)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia dedzana L.C.Leach; Excelsa 15: 20 (1991 publ. 1992)
Distribution: Malawi
26 MLW
species :
Euphorbia deflexa Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 328 (1809)
subspecies :
subsp. deflexa
Distribution: Albania; Greece (NW-, C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos, Athos, Evvoia, Attiki); Crete (Dikti)
13 ALB GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia antunesii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 79 (1904)
= Euphorbia deflexa var. athoa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 141 (1843)
= Euphorbia deflexa var. lassitica Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 182 (1935)
= Euphorbia pendula (Haw.) Sweet; Hort. Suburb. Lond. 107 (1818)
= Euphorbia pythinsa Friv. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 654 (1881), pro syn.
= Tithymalus deflexus (Sm.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 84 (1860)
= Tithymalus pendulus Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 138 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. purpureosuffusa (Rech.f.) Biel & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 19(3): 376 (2013)
Distribution: NE-Greece (Samothraki)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia deflexa var. purpureosuffusa Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 100: 119 (1938)
species :
Euphorbia defoliata Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 264 (1912)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
species :
Euphorbia degeneri Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 583 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum cordatum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1860: 38 (1860)
= Chamaesyce cordata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Chamaesyce degeneri (Sherff) Croizat & O.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis [Degener] Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce degeneri f. minuscula (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce degeneri var. molokaiensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & Croizat
= Euphorbia cordata Meyen; Observ. Bot. [Meyen] 2: 150 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia degeneri f. minuscula Sherff
= Euphorbia degeneri var. molokaiensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 583 (1936)
species :
Euphorbia deightonii Croizat; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 58 (1938)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Chad
22 BEN GHA LBR NGA SIE TOG 23 CMN 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia garuana N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 598 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia dekindtii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 73 (1904)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia fraterna N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 6(1): 580 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia delicatissima S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45(2): 328 (1990)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia delicatula Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 19 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus delicatulus (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 2: 414 (1916)
= Euphorbia edulis Sessé & Moc.; Naturaleza (Mexico City), Ser. 2, 1(App.): 81 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia subcaerulea B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 37 (1896)
= Euphorbia tenuissima M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 18: 55 (1933-5)
= Zygophyllidum delicatulum (Boiss.) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia delphinensis Ursch & Leandri; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 5: 166 (1955)
Distribution: S-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia beharensis var. squarrosa Rauh; Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt, 100: 14 (1999), nom. inval.
species :
Euphorbia deltobracteata Prokh.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 14: 457 (1933)
Distribution: Turkmenistan
32 TKM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus deltobracteatus (Prokh.) Prokh.; Sist. Obzor Molochaev Sredn. Azii 49, in clavi, 149 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia deltoidea Engelm. ex Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S., Suppl. 647 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. deltoidea
Name: Wedge sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce deltoidea (Engelm. ex Chapm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 710 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. adhaerens (Small) Oudejans; World Cat. Species Names Published Tribe Euphorbieae; Cumulative Suppl. I: 11 (1993)
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce adhaerens Small; Torreya 27: 104 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Chamaesyce deltoidea subsp. adhaerens (Small) A.Herndon; Rhodora 95(881): 48 (1993)
= Chamaesyce deltoidea var. adhaerens (Small) D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 99 (1966)
= Euphorbia adhaerens (Small) Jabl.; Phytologia 28: 123 (1974), nom. inval.
subspecies :
subsp. pinetorum (Small) Oudejans; World Cat. Species Names Published Tribe Euphorbieae; Cumulative Suppl. I: 11 (1993)
Distribution: USA (S-Florida)
78 USA
Remarks: not to be confused with E. pinetorum
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce deltoidea subsp. pinetorum (Small) A.Herndon; Rhodora 95(881): 49 (1993)
= Chamaesyce pinetorum Small; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 429 (1905)
= Euphorbia smallii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 48 (1989), nom. nov., without replaced synonym date, et Phytologia 67(3): 236 (1989), with replaced synonym date
subspecies :
subsp. serpyllum (Small) Ya Yang; Taxon 61(4): 783 (2012)
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce deltoidea subsp. serpyllum (Small) D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 53: 99 (1966)
= Chamaesyce serpyllum Small; Fl. Florida Keys 81 (1913)
= Euphorbia deltoidea var. serpyllum (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
species :
Euphorbia demissa L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 10 (1976)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia dendroides L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 462 (1753)
Name: Bäumchen-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tree Spurge (EN)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (widespread lowlands and coastal, incl. most islands); Crete (widespread); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); ?Madeira; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I]); USA [I] (California [I])
12 BAL COR FRA MCO SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 34 EAI ISR TUR 50 aus 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula dendroides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia dendroides f. angustifolia Marcos; Cavanillesia 8: 31 (1936)
= Euphorbia dendroides var. longeradiata Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 175 (1936)
= Euphorbia divaricata Jacq.; Icon. Pl. Rar. 1: 9, t. 87 (1784)
= Euphorbia laeta Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 141 (1789)
= Euphorbion dendroideum (L.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Tithymalus arboreus Tourn. ex Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 94 (1779)
= Tithymalus dendroides (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. [Hill] 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus laetus (Aiton) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 140 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia denisiana Guillaumin; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 1: 446, 448 (1929)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Ankarana Mts.)
29 MDG
Remarks: only known from the type material
variant :
var. ankarensis (Boiteau) Houyelle; Euphorbia World 14(1): 12 (2018)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Montagnes des Francais, Falaise de l´Ankarana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ankarensis Boiteau; Bull. Trimestriel Acad. Malgache, n. s. 24: 86 (1942)
variant :
var. maromokotrensis (Rebmann) Houyelle; Euphorbia World 14(1): 13 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia maromokotrensis Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 1(2): 44 (2009)
species :
Euphorbia denisii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: