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Ver. 24.10
October 9th, 2024

339.0000 Family Euphorbiaceae A.Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 384 (1789), nom. cons. (s. str.)
210 genera, ca. 6700 spp.
Species listed in database: 6472; hybrids: 56
= Acalyphaceae A.Juss. ex Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan.: 172 (1839)
= Bertyaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 190 (1858)
= Cheilosaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxi (2001)
= Crotonaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 258 (1858)
= Hippomanaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 244 (1858)
= Mercurialaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 237 (1820)
= Ricinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 547 (1820)
= Ricinocarpaceae Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, ser. 3, Bot. 6: 224 (1954)
= Tithymalaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règne Vég. 3: 483 (1799)
= Tragiaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 111 (1838)
= Trewiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 174 (1836)
339.5241 Genus Euphorbia L.; Sp. Pl. 450 (1753)
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Species listed in database: 2024; hybrids: 48
= Adenopetalum Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859 (1860) 250, et Abh. Acad. Berl. 47 (1860)
= Adenorima Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Agaloma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Aklema Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Alectoroctonum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Allobia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Anisophyllum Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ.: 159 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Anthacantha Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. (1858) Misc. 64
= Aplarina Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 99 (1836)
= Arthrothamnus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 251 (1859)
= Athymalus Neck.; Elem. Bot. 2: 353 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Chamaesyce Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 260 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Characias Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Chylogala Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 17: 150 (1869)
= Crepidaria Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ.: 136 (1812), nom. superfl.
= Ctenadena Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 13, in clavi, 28(1933)
= Cubanthus (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. 2: 371 (1913)
= Cyathophora Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 117 (1836)
= Cystidospermum Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 13, in clavi, 25(1933)
= Dactylanthes Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 132 (1812)
= Dematra Raf.; Autik. Bot.: 96 (1840)
= Desmonema Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 177 (1833)
= Diadenaria Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (1859) 254, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 107 (1860)
= Dichylium Britton; Sci. Surv. Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands 5: 499 (1924)
= Diplocyathium Heinr.Schmidt; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22(1): 40 (1907)
= Ditritra Raf.; Sylva Tellur.: 115 (1838)
= Elaeophorbia Stapf; H. H. Johnston, Liberia 2: 646 (1906)
= Endadenium L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta. Ser. Bot. 1 (1-2): 31 (1973)
= Endoisila Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Epurga Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 17: 150 (1869)
= Esula (Pers.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ.: 153 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Euforbia Ten.; Fl. Nap. 1: 258 1811 (1815)
= Eumecanthus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 248 (1859)
= Euphorbiastrum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 252 (1860)
= Euphorbiodendron Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 305 (1909)
= Euphorbion St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 125 (1880)
= Euphorbiopsis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 446 (1911)
= Euphorbium Hill; Brit. Herb.: 157 (1756)
= Galarhoeus Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 143 (1812)
= Hexadenia Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (1859) 253, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 106 (1860)
= Kanopikon Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Keraselma Neck.; Elem. 2: 353 (1790)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Juss.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. [F. Cuvier] 24: 387 (1822)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Kobiosis Raf.; Autikon Botanikon, 94 (1840), Pennell, in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 94 (1921)
= Lacanthis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 94 (1836)
= Lepadena Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 113 (1836)
= Leptopus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 249 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Lophobios Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Lortia Rendle; J. Bot. 36: 29 (1898)
= Lyciopsis (Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop.: 37 (1867)
= Medusea Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 133 (1812)
= Monadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 126 (1894)
= Murtekias Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Nisomenes Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Peccana Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Pedilanthus Neck.; Elem. 2: 354 (1790) ex Poit. (1812)
= Pedilanthus Neck. ex Poit.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 19: 388 (1812), nom. cons.
= Petaloma Raf. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 63 (1862), pro syn.
= Pleuradena Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 182 (1833)
= Poinsettia Graham; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 20: 412 (1836)
= Pythius Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Sclerocyathium Prokh.; Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst., USSR.) 14, in clavi, 30(1933)
= Stenadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 343 (1901)
= Sterigmanthe Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (1859) 252, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 100 (1860)
= Synadenium Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 187 (1862)
= Tirucalia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Tithymaloides Ludw. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891), orth. var.
= Tithymaloides Ortega; Tabl. Bot.: 9 (1773), nom. rej.
= Tithymalopsis Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 249 (1859)
= Tithymalus Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 115 (1790), nom. cons.
= Tithymalus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4.: s.p. (1754), nom. rej.
= Tithymalus Ség.; Pl. Veron. 3: 91 (1754), nom. illeg.
= Torfasadis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1838)
= Treisia Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 131 (1812)
= Trichosterigma Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsber. Königl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (1859) 248, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 41 (1860)
= Tumalis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Vallaris Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Ventenatia Tratt.; Gen. Pl. Disp. 86 (1802)
= Xamesike Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836)
= Zalitea Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 98 (1836)
= Zygophyllidium Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 714 (1903)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 24.10 (October 9th, 2024)

Covering 355,419 accepted species,
8,711 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,150 synonyms,
in total 1,412,143* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life