219.0000
Family
Euphorbiaceae A.Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 384 (1789), nom. cons. (s. str.)
210 genera, ca. 6700 spp.
Species listed in database: 6744; hybrids: 47
= Acalyphaceae A.Juss. ex Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan.: 172 (1839)
= Bertyaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 190 (1858)
= Cheilosaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxi (2001)
= Crotonaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 258 (1858)
= Hippomanaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 244 (1858)
= Mercurialaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 237 (1820)
= Ricinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 547 (1820)
= Ricinocarpaceae Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, ser. 3, Bot. 6: 224 (1954)
= Tithymalaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règne Vég. 3: 483 (1799)
= Tragiaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 111 (1838)
= Trewiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 174 (1836)
219.7241
Genus
Euphorbia L.; Sp. Pl. 450 (1753)
Distribution: Cosmopolitan
Species listed in database: 2032; hybrids: 40
= Ademo Post & Kuntze
= Adenopetalum Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 1859 (1860) 250, et Abh. Acad. Berl. 47 (1860)
= Adenorima Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Agaloma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Aklema Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Alectoroctonum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Allobia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Anisophyllum Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 159 (1812)
= Anthacantha Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. (1858) Misc. 64
= Aplarina Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 99 (1836)
= Arthrothamnus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 251 (1859)
= Athymalus Neck.; Elem. 2: 353 (1790)
= Chamaesyce Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 3: 260 (1821)
= Characias Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821)
= Chylogala Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 17: 150 (1869)
= Crepidaria Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 136 (1812)
= Ctenadena Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 13, in clavi, 28(1933)
= Cubanthus (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. 2: 371 (1913)
= Cyathophora Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 117 (1836)
= Cystidospermum Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 13, in clavi, 25(1933)
= Dactylanthes Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 132 (1812)
= Dematra Raf.; Autikon Botanikon, 96 (1840), Pennell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 94 (1921)
= Desmonema Raf.; Atl. J. 177 (1833)
= Diadenaria Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 254, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 107 (1860)
= Dichrophyllum Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Dichylium Britton; Sci. Surv. Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands 5: 499 (1924)
= Diplocyathium H.Schmidt; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22: I. 40 (1907)
= Ditrita Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)
= Elaeophorbia Stapf; Johnston, Liberia 2: 646 (1906), et in Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 2823
= Endadenium L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta. Ser. Bot. 1 (1-2): 31 (1973)
= Endoisila Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Epurga Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 17: 150 (1869)
= Euforbia Ten.; Fl. Nap. 1: 258 1811 (1815)
= Eumecanthus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 248 (1859)
= Euphorbiastrum Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 252 (1859)
= Euphorbiodendron Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 305 (1909)
= Euphorbiopsis H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 446 (1911)
= Galarhoeus Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 143 (1812)
= Hexadenia Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 253, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 106 (1860)
= Kanopikon Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Keraselma Neck.; Elem. 2: 353 (1790)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Keraselma Neck. ex Juss.; Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. [F. Cuvier] 24: 387 (1822)
= Kobiosis Raf.; Autikon Botanikon, 94 (1840), Pennell, in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 48: 94 (1921)
= Lacanthis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 94 (1836)
= Lepadena Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 113 (1836)
= Leptopus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Lophobios Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Lortia Rendle; J. Bot., 29 (1898)
= Lyciopsis Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 37 (1867)
= Medusea Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 133 (1812)
= Monadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. 19: 126 (1894)
= Murtekias Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Nisomenes Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Peccana Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 114 (1838)
= Pedilanthus Neck.; Elem. 2: 354 (1790) ex Poit. (1812)
= Petalandra F.Muell. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 27 (1862)
= Petaloma Raf. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 63 (1862)
= Pleuradenia Raf.; Atl. J. 182 (1833)
= Poinsettia Graham; Edinb. N. Phil. J. 20: 412 (1836)
= Pythius Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1836)
= Sclerocyathium Prokh.; Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst., USSR.) 14, in clavi, 30(1933)
= Stenadenium Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 343 (1901)
= Sterigmanthe Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 252, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 100 (1860)
= Synadenium Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 187 (1862)
= Tirucalia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Tithymaloides Ort.; Tab. Bot. 9 (1773)
= Tithymalopsis Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Tithymalus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abridg. ed. 4 (1754)
= Tithymalus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abridg. Ed. 4 (1754)
= Torfasidis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
= Treisia Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 131 (1812)
= Trichosterigma Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 248, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 41 (1860)
= Tumalis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Vallaris Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Ventenatia Tratt.; Gen. Pl. Disp. 86 (1802)
= Xamesike Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836)
= Zalitea Raf.; New Fl. Am. 4: 98 (1836)
= Zygophyllidium Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 714 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia aaron-rossii
A.H.Holmgren & N.H.Holmgren; Brittonia 40(4): 357 (1988)
Name: Marble Canyon spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona)
76 USA
species :
Euphorbia abchasica
Woronow
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Euphorbia abdelkuri
Balf.f.; Rep. Brit. Ass. Glasgow 854 (1901)
Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.
24 SOC
species :
Euphorbia abdita
(D.G.Burch) A.R.Sm.; Kew Bull. 25(1): 172 (1971)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce abdita D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 177 (1969)
species :
Euphorbia abdulghafooriana
Abedin; Fl. Kingdom Saudi Arabia 2(1): 321 (2001 publ. 2001), nom. inval., et Pakistan J. Bot. 37(1): 31 (2005)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia
35 SAU
species :
Euphorbia abortiva
Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. CXII, no. 316 (1775)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen: Tihama)
35 YEM
species :
Euphorbia abramsiana
L.C.Wheeler; Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 33: 109 (1934)
Name: Abrams´ sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce abramsiana (L.C.Wheeler) Koutnik; Madroño 32(3): 188 (1985)
= Euphorbia pediculifera var. abramsiana (L.C.Wheeler) Ewan; (1936)
species :
Euphorbia abyssinica
J.F.Gmel.; Syst. 759 (1791), A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 239
subspecies :
subsp. abyssinica
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti
24 DJI ERI ETH SUD
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. erythraeae A.Berger; Sukkul. Euphorb. 73 (1906)
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. tetragona Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7(App. 1): 319 (1899)
= Euphorbia acrurensis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: t. 595 (1912)
= Euphorbia aethiopum Croizat; J. Jap. Bot. 17: 575 (1941)
= Euphorbia controversa N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 588 (1912)
= Euphorbia disclusa N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 592 (1912)
= Euphorbia erythraeae (Berger) N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 596 (1912)
= Euphorbia grandis Lem.; Illustr. Hortic. 4: (1857) Misc. 101
= Euphorbia hararensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia neglecta N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 593 (1912)
= Euphorbia neutra A.Berger; (1907)
= Euphorbia obovalifolia A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 239 (1850)
= Euphorbia officinarum var. kolquall Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 2: 884 (1799)
= Euphorbia richardiana Baill.; Adansonia 1: 105 (1860 publ. 1861)
subspecies :
subsp. cicatricosa
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 648 (1984)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia
24 ETH SOM
species :
Euphorbia acalyphoides
Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 98 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. acalyphoides
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert)
20 EGY 24 CHA ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia acalyphoides var. arabica Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 98 (1862)
= Euphorbia fodhliana Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 43: 230 (1896)
= Euphorbia incurva N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 552 (1911)
= Euphorbia thelesperma Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 98 (1862) (pro syn.)
= Tithymalus acalyphoides (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 38 (1867)
subspecies :
subsp. cicatricosa
S.Carter; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 230 (1984)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Somalia
24 ETH SOM
species :
Euphorbia acanthoclada
Pahlevani; Phytotaxa 312(1): 84 (2017)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
species :
Euphorbia acanthodes
Akhani; Bot. J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 146(1): 108 (2004)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia acanthothamnos
Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 3(4): 86 (1859)
Name: Griechische Dornwolfsmilch (DE); Greek Spiny Spurge (EN)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia spinosa Sibth. & Sm.; Fl. Graec. 5: 49, t. 463
= Tithymalus acanthothamnos (Heldr. & Sart. ex Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia accedens
Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 456 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia acerensis
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 55 (1862)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia longipila Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 442 (1907)
species :
Euphorbia acervata
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 54(4): 962 (1999 publ. 2000)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia actinoclada
S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3851 (1982)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia aculeata
Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 94 (1775)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 YEM
species :
Euphorbia addoensis
Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 15(1): 5 (2019)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia adenochila
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45: 653-659 (1990)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia adenochlora
C.Morren & Decne.; Bull. Acad. Brux. 3: 174 (1836)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rochebrunei Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 485 (1878)
= Galarhoeus adenochlorus (C.Morren & Decne.) Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 11: 383 (1935)
= Tithymalus adenochlorus (C.Morren & Decne.) Hara; Enum. Spermat. Jap., Pt. 3, 53 (1954)
species :
Euphorbia adenoplicata
O.L.M.Silva & Cordeiro; Syst. Bot. 45(1): 131 (2020)
Distribution: Brazil (Tocantins)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia adenopoda
Baill.; Adansonia 1: 141 (1860 publ. 1861)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia sapiifolia Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 616 (1886)
= Euphorbia mancinella Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris. 1: 623 (1886)
= Euphorbia phanerophlebias Baker ex Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 58 (1921) (in syn.)
species :
Euphorbia adenoptera
Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 3: 20, t. 23 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. adenoptera
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Sonora, Puebla, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Navassa Isl.; Curacao; ?Guyana; French Guiana; Paraguay (Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)
79 MEX 81 CUB CUR HIS NAV 82 FRG 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum amoenum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 33 (1860)
= Anisophyllum densiflorum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 28 (1860)
= Anisophyllum inaequale Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1859 27 (1860)
= Anisophyllum lindenianum (A.Rich.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 37 (1860)
= Chamaesyce adenoptera (Bertol.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 714
= Chamaesyce amoena (Klotzsch & Garcke) Millsp.; (1914)
= Chamaesyce inaequalis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 386 (1914)
= Euphorbia amoena Klotzsch; (1848)
= Euphorbia anceps Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 162 (1846)
= Euphorbia barkeri Urb. & Ekman; Arkiv Bot., Stockh. 20: A. No. 15, 67 (1926)
= Euphorbia callitrichoides Schauer; Linnaea 20: 727 (1847)
= Euphorbia lindeniana A.Rich.; Fl. Cub. Fanerog. 2: 197 (1850)
= Euphorbia ocymoides Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beech. Voy. 310
= Euphorbia serpyllifolia Balb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 49 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. canescens
(Proctor) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 183 (1992)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce adenoptera subsp. canescens Proctor; Moscosoa 2: 23 (1983)
species :
Euphorbia adianthoides
Lam.; Encyc. 2: 426 (1788)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Leptopus adiantoides (Lam.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859) ex B. D. Jacks., Index Kew. 2: 63 (1894)
= Leptopus hartwegii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 46 (1860)
= Eumecanthus adiantoides (Lam.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia adjurana
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3875 (1982)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia adriatica
Stojilk., Záveská & Frajman; Front. Plant Sci. 13: 18 (2022)
Distribution: Slovenia
13 SLV
species :
Euphorbia aellenii
Rech.f.; Anz. Math.-Naturw. Kl. Öst. Akad. Wiss. 1951: 219 (1951)
Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus aellenii (Rech.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia aeruginosa
Schweick.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 205 (1935)
Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)
27 BOT SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
species :
Euphorbia agatheae
Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 4 (2021)
Distribution: S- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia agowensis
Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 70 (1862)
Distribution: ?Sudan; Ethiopia; S-Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
24 ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia effusa Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 71 (1862)
= Tithymalus agovensis (Hochst. ex Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 38
= Euphorbia wightiana Hook. f. [Fl.Brit.India 5: 248 (1887), non Boiss.(1860)]
= Chamaesyce wightiana (Hook.f.) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 37(5): 454 (1977) 37(5): 454 (1977)
variant :
var. pseudoholstii
(Pax) P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 650 (1984)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Angola; N-Yemen; India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN 26 ANG 35 YEM 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pseudoholstii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 287 (1903)
= Euphorbia pearsonii N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 1038 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia agraria
M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 375 (1808)
Name: Urban spurge (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia; Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Canada [I] (Alberta [I]); USA [I] (Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Massachusetts [I], Minnesota [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New York [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota [I], Wyoming [I])
11 ger 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC NMA ROM TUE 14 KRY UKR 32 KAZ 34 TUR 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia agraria var. subhastata (Vis. & Pancic) Gris; Cat. Cormophyt. Anthophyt. Serbiae 92 (1877)
= Euphorbia agraria var. thyrsiflora (Griseb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 653 (1881)
= Euphorbia agrorum Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 579 (1850)
= Euphorbia euboea Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 107 (1904)
= Euphorbia nitens Trevir.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Mag. 7: 149 (1816)
= Euphorbia thyrsiflora Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 1: 143 (1843)
= Euphorbia transsilvanica Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 3: 124 (1852)
= Tithymalus agrarius (M.Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 89 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia akenocarpa
Guss.; Cat. Pl. Boccad. 75 (1821)
Distribution: S-Spain (Cadiz); Gibraltar; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 GIB SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: valerianifolia agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia globosa Schousb.
= Euphorbia sphaerococca Salzm. ex Coss.; Notes Crit. 45
= Euphorbia sphaerococca Salzm. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 756 (1832)
= Tithymalus acenocarpus (Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 79 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia akmanii
Y.Genç & Kültür; Phytotaxa 265(2): 280 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Euphorbia alaica
(Prokh.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 57 (1933)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan
32 KGZ TZK
Remarks: sect. Chylogala
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus alaicus Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 34, in clavi, 57(1933)
species :
Euphorbia alainii
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce montana Alain; Moscosoa 1(1): 25 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia alata
Hook.; Ic. Pl, t. 700 (1844)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia alata (Hook.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia alatavica
Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 33 (1860)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia alatavica f. kaschgarica (Regel) Baikov; Turczaninovia 4(4): 51 (2001)
= Euphorbia altaica var. pilosa Stschegl.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 54(5): 194 (1879)
= Euphorbia buchtormensis var. alatavica (Boiss.) Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada prepr. 6: 400 (1879)
= Euphorbia kaschgarica Regel; Act. Hort. Petrop. 6: 401 (1879)
= Tithymalus alatavicus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 43, in clavi, 95(1933)
species :
Euphorbia alatocaulis
V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Aliso 16(1): 37 (1997)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia albipollinifera
L.C.Leach; S. Afr. J. Bot. 51(4): 281 (1985)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia albomarginata
Torr. & A.Gray; Pacif. Rail. Rep. 2: 174 (1856)
Name: Whitemargin sandmat
Distribution: Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); USA (Arizona, California, Louisiana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
63 haw 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & A.Gray) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 710 (1903)
= Chamaesyce hartwegiana (Boiss.) Small; Fl. S. E. US. ed. 2, 1349 (1913)
= Euphorbia hartwegiana Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 31 (1862)
= Euphorbia stipulacea Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 30 (1862) (pro syn.)
species :
Euphorbia albrechtii
Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 459 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia alcicornis
Baker; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 517 (1887)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia aleppica
L.; Sp. Pl. 458 (1753)
Name: Aleppo-Wolfsmilch (DE); Aleppo Spurge (EN)
Distribution: France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; ?Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Ukraine; Crimea; ?Morocco; Tunisia; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
12 COR FRA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI NMA SIC TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 TUN 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula aleppica (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. L. Lyon, N. S. 17: 149 (1869)
= Esula juncoides Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 157 (1812)
= Euphorbia aleppica var. prostrata Kasapligil; J. Arnold Arbor. 47: 170 (1966)
= Euphorbia condensata Fisch. ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Caucasus 3: 322 (1819)
= Euphorbia juncea Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 2: 142 (1789)
= Euphorbia juncoides (Haw.) Sweet; Hort. Suburb. Lond. 108 (1818)
= Euphorbia pinifolia Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 28 (1814)
= Galarhoeus aleppicus (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 151 (1812)
= Galarhoeus junceus (Aiton) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 150 (1812)
= Tithymalus aleppicus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 84 (1860)
= Tithymalus connatus Raf.; Autikon Bot. 92 (1840)
species :
Euphorbia alfredii
Rauh; Cact. Succ. J. (USA) 59(5): 209 (1987)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Ankarana Mts.)
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia allocarpa
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 644 (1984)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia alluaudii
Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Par., 43 (1903)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia alluaudii subsp. oncoclada (Drake) F.Friedmann & Cremers; Adansonia 16(2): 256 (1976)
= Euphorbia leucodendron Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Par., 46 (1903)
= Euphorbia leucodendron subsp. oncoclada (Drake) Rauh & Koutnik; Rauh, Succ. & Xeroph. Pl. Madagascar 2: 106 (1998)
= Euphorbia oncoclada Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Par., 44 (1903)
= Tirucalia alluaudii (Drake) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
= Tirucalia alluaudii subsp. oncoclada (Drake) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia alpina
C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cerinthifolia Fisch. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 123 (1862)
= Euphorbia drastica Siev.; Pall. N. Nord. Beitr. 7: 236 (1796)
= Euphorbia alpina var. baikalensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 123 (1862)
= Euphorbia sibirica Fisch. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 123 (1862)
= Tithymalus alpinus (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 70 (1860)
= Euphorbia alpina var. rupicola Baikov; Turczaninovia 4(4): 54 (2001)
species :
Euphorbia alsiniflora
Baill.; Adansonia 6: 288 (1866)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, ?Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia alsinifolia
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 16 (1860)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce alsiniflora (Baill.) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia altaica
C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. Fl. Ross. 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang, N-China)
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia altaica var. sajanensis Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia ambukensis Stepanov; Florogenet. Analiz 1: 83 (1994)
= Euphorbia sajanensis (Boiss.) Baikov; Turczaninovia 4(4): 59 (2001)
= Tithymalus altaicus (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 79 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia altissima
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 5: 52 (1844)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Cyprus (N-Cyprus)
34 CYP IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus altissimus (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 80 (1860)
variant :
var. glabrescens
Boiss. ex M.S.Khan; (1964)
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria
34 LEB SYR TUR
species :
Euphorbia altotibetica
Paulsen; Hedin, S. Tibet 6: III. 56 (1922)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus altotibeticus (Paulsen) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 34, in clavi, 68,in obs. (1933)
= Euphorbia przewalskii Prokh.; Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. 6, 10: 1370 in obs., 1383 in clavi (1926)
= Tithymalus przewalskii (Prokh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 175 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia amandii
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Name: J’alpa [Chile]
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, San Juan); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia klotzschii var. dentata (R.E.Fr.) Oudejans; World. cat. of sp. names publ. in tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiac.) with geogr. distrib., Cum. supp. 1: 11 (1993)
= Euphorbia minuta Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile (1891) 76 (non Loscos & Pardo)
= Euphorbia ovalifolia var. dentata R.E.Fr.
species :
Euphorbia ambacensis
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 1041 (1913)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia ambarivatoensis
Rauh & Bard.-Vauc.; Succulentes, 1999(3): 7 (1999)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambohimiangarana
J.-P.Castillon; Euphorbia World 18(2): 35 (2023)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambonaivoensis
Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 8(2): 34 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ambovombensis
Rauh & Razaf.; Cact. Succ. J. (USA) 59(6): 251 (1987)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambatomenahensis Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 2(1): 31 (2010), nom. inval., et Cact. Succ. 5(1): 4 (2013)
= Euphorbia ambovombensis var. ambatomenaensis Rebmann; Succulentes 2003(3): 20 (2003), nom. inval., et Cact. Succ. 2(1): 30 (2010), nom. inval.
species :
Euphorbia ambroseae
L.C.Leach; Kirkia 4: 15 (1964)
Distribution: S-Malawi; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambroseae var. spinosa L.C.Leach; Kirkia 10(2): 397 (1977)
species :
Euphorbia amicorum
S.Carter; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 73(4): 177 (2001)
Distribution: Djibouti
24 DJI
species :
Euphorbia ammatotricha
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 10 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce ammatotricha (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia ammophila
S.Carter & Dioli; Nordic J. Bot. 23(3): 295 (2005)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia amplexicaulis
Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. 20: 183 (1851)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce amplexicaulis (Hook.f.) D.G.Burch.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 175 (1969)
species :
Euphorbia ampliphylla
Pax; Ann. Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 186 (1897)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
24 ERI ETH SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia menelikii Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia sancta Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 632 (1907)
= Euphorbia winkleri Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 342 (1901)
species :
Euphorbia amygdaloides
L.; Sp. Pl. 463 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. amygdaloides
Name: Mandelblättrige Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Tunisia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); New Zealand [I]
10 GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG TUN 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 51 nzl
Remarks: amygdaloides agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Characias amygdaloides (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 260 (1821)
= Esula amygdaloides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 154 (1812)
= Esula sylvatica (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. biennis (Maire) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. ligulata (Chaub.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; But. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 38 Bot. 1: 84 (1974)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. minor (Gaudin) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides f. purpurata (Coss. & Germ.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides subsp. chaixiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 651 (1881)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. biennis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 228 (1935)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. chaixiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 170 (1862)
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. ligulata (Chaub.) Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia chaixiana Timb.-Lagr.; Mem. Acad. Toul. Ser. IV. 6: 152 (1856)
= Euphorbia ligulata Chaub.; Ann. Sci. Obs. 4: t. 6 (1830)
= Euphorbia micans Scheele; Linnaea 16: 343 (1843)
= Euphorbia nemoralis Salisb.; Prod. 390 (1796)
= Euphorbia orjeni Beck; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Mus. Bosni Hercegovini 32: 97 (1920)
= Euphorbia sanguinea Thore; J. Bot. (Desvaux) 1: 195 (1809)
= Euphorbia sventenii Marcet; (1945)
= Euphorbia sylvatica L.; Sp. Pl. 463 (1753)
= Euphorbia sylvatica subvar. purpurata Coss. & Germ.; (1861)
= Euphorbia sylvatica var. minor Gaudin
= Keraselma sylvatica (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838)
= Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med, t. 594 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus sylvaticus (L.) Hill; Hort Kew. 172/4 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. heldreichii
(Orph. ex Boiss.) Aldén; A. Strid (ed.), Mount. Fl. Greece 1: 575 (1986)
Distribution: S-Albania; Greece
13 ALB GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia heldreichii Orph. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 3(4): 90 (1859)
= Euphorbia heldreichii var. roeseri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 4: 90 (1859)
= Euphorbia roeseri (Boiss.) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 102 (1904)
= Euphorbia semiverticillata Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 103 (1904)
= Euphorbia verticillata Orph. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. II 4: 90
= Tithymalus heldreichii (Orph. ex Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 173 (1972)
= Tithymalus heldreichii subsp. semiverticillatus (Halácsy) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 173 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. robbiae
(Turrill) Stace; Watsonia 17(4): 443 (1989)
Distribution: European Turkey; NW-Turkey
13 TUE 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. robbiae (Turrill) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 30(4): 698 (1975 publ. 1976)
= Euphorbia robbiae Turrill; Bot. Mag., Lond. clxix, t. 208 (1953)
= Tithymalus robbiae (Turrill) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. semiperfoliata
(Viv.) Radcl.-Sm.; Feddes Repert. 79: 65 (1968)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amygdaloides var. semiperfoliata (Viv.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia semiperfoliata Viv.; Fl. Cors. Sp. Nov. 7 (1824)
= Tithymalus amygdaloides subsp. semiperfoliatus (Viv.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus semiperfoliatus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 95 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia anacampseros
Balansa ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 174 (1862)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 BUL 34 TUR
Remarks: myrsinites agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbion anacampserum (Balansa ex Boiss.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Tithymalus anacampseros (Balansa ex Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 86 (1860)
= Euphorbia anacampseros var. minor Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 174 (1862)
variant :
var. tmolea
M.S.Khan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 25: 145 (1964)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Euphorbia anachoreta
Svent.; Ind. Sem., Agron. Investig. Nat. Hs. Inst., 58 (1968 publ. 1969)
Distribution: Islas Selvagens (Ilheu de Fora)
21 SEL
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia despoliata (Menezes) T.Monod; Conspectus Florae Salvagicae (Bol. Mus. Mun. Funchal, Supl. 1): 34 (1990)
= Euphorbia lamarckii var. despoliata (Menezes) Oudejans; World cat. of sp. names publ. in tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiac.) with geogr. distrib., Cum. supp. 1: 12 (1993)
= Euphorbia obtusifolia var. despoliata Menezes; J. Sci. Mat. Fis. Nat. III 4: 193 (1924)
= Tirucalia virgata var. despoliata (Menezes) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 94 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia analalavensis
Leandri; Adansonia n. s. 6: 346 (1966)
Distribution: NC-Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.)
29 COM MDG
species :
Euphorbia analamerae
Leandri; Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 77 (1945)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia analavelonensis
Rauh & Mangelsdorff; Succulentes, 2000(1): 6,3 (2000)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia andrachnoides
Schrenk; Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Petersb. 2: 197 (1844)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; NW-China
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia subcordata var. andrachnoides (Schrenk) Trautv. ex O.Fedtsch. & B.Fedtsch.; Consp. Fl. Turkest. 6: 309 (1916)
= Tithymalus andrachnoides (Schrenk) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 88 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia angularis
Klotzsch; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 250, nomen, et in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 92 (1861)
Distribution: NE-Mozambique
26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia abyssinica var. mozambicensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 84 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia angulata
Jacq.; Collect. Bot. 2: 309 (1789)
Name: Kanten-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); ?Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia & Kosovo; Romania; Ukraine
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 12 FRA POR SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: dulcis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia angulata f. nemoralis (Kit.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia dulcis subsp. angulata (Jacq.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 279 (1894)
= Euphorbia dulcis subsp. angulata (Jacq.) Rouy; Fl. France 12: 153 (1910), isonym
= Euphorbia dulcis var. angulata (Jacq.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 279 (1901)
= Euphorbia nemoralis Kit.; Rochel, Pl. Banat. Rar. 26 (1863) (nomen)
= Tithymalus angulatus (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
= Tithymalus calendulifolius Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 74 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia angusta
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 189 (1858)
Name: Blackfoot sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce angusta (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 711 (1903)
= Euphorbia nealleyi Coult. & Fisher; (1892)
species :
Euphorbia angustiflora
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 82 (1904)
Distribution: Tanzania; ?Malawi
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia anisopetala
(Prokh.) Prokh.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS 29: 550 (1930)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Iran
32 KAZ KGZ TKM UZB 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anisopetala Prokh.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS 29: 550 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia ankaranae
Leandri; Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 75 (1945)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia ankazobensis
Rauh & Hofstätter; Succulentes, 2000(3): 6 (2000)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia annamariae
Rauh; Euphorbia J. 7: 21 (1991)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia anthonyi
Brandegee; Erythea 7: 7 (1899)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Colima, Sinaloa); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro, Isla Clarion, Isla San Benedicto)
79 MEX RGI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anthonyi (Brandegee) G.A.Levin; Levin & Moran, Vasc. Fl. Isla Socorro, Mexico (Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 16): 34 (1989)
= Euphorbia clarionensis Brandegee; Erythea 7: 7 (1899)
= Euphorbia anthonyi var. clarionensis (Brandegee) Johnst.; (1931)
species :
Euphorbia antilibanotica
Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Lib. & Syr. 2: 494, t. CCIX, no. 3 (1970)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)
34 LEB
Remarks: petrophila agg.
species :
Euphorbia antiquorum
L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 450 (1753)
Distribution: S-China; Tibet; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan; India (widespread); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andamans, Middle Andamans, South Andamans, Little Andaman Isl.); Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Langkawi Isl.); Philippines; Java; Society Isl. [I]; Tuamotu Arch. [I] (Takapoto Atoll [I]); Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I])
36 CHI TIB 38 tai 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW MLY PHI 61 sci tua 81 vir
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia antiquorum var. polygona Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 2: t. 897 (1843)
= Euphorbia arborescens Roxb.; Hort. Beng. (36), Fl. Ind. 2: 468 (1832)
= Euphorbia mayuranathanii Croizat; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3404 (1940)
= Euphorbia trigona Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 3
= Tithymalus antiquorum (L.) Moench; Meth. 665 (1794)
species :
Euphorbia antisyphilitica
Zucc.; Abh. Akad. Muench. 1: 292 (1829 publ. 1830)
Name: Candelilla
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia antisyphilitica (Zucc.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
= Euphorbia occulta Klotzsch; Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 277 (1856)
= Euphorbia cerifera Alcocer; An. Inst. Med. Nac. Mexico 11: 155 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia antonii
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Uruguay
85 URU
Remarks: status doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lanceolata Larrañaga; (1923) (nom. illeg.
species :
Euphorbia antsingiensis
(Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 52 (2021)
Distribution: W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia moratii var. antsingiensis Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 382 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia antso
Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 45 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia anychioides
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 12 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua
79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce anychioides (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916))
= Chamaesyce chalicophila (Weath.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce pilosula (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Arthur; Torreya (1911) 11: 260
= Chamaesyce rubida (Greenm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 396 (1914)
= Euphorbia chalicophila Weath.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 426 (1910)
= Euphorbia pilosula Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 39 (1862)
= Euphorbia rubida Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 39: 83 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia apatzingana
McVaugh; Brittonia 13: 182 (1961)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce apatzingana (McVaugh) McVaugh; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 19: 211 (1993)
species :
Euphorbia aphylla
Brouss. ex Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. 501 (1809)
Name: Blattlose Wolfsmilch (DE); Tolda (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia aphylla (Willd.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
= Tithymalus aphyllus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 82 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia apicata
Wheeler; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 63: 436 (1936)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia apios
L.; Sp. Pl. 457 (1753)
Distribution: SE-Italy; Bulgaria; Greece (incl. Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Cyprus; Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains)
13 BUL GRC ITA 34 CYP EAI LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: apios agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pubigera Friv. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 126 (1862)
= Euphorbia anthula Lavrent. & Papan.; Sci. Ann. Fac. Phys. Math. Aristotelian Univ. Thessaloniki 18(1): 120 (1978)
= Euphorbion apium (L.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Euphorbia apios var. lamprocarpa Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 126 (1862)
= Galarhoeus apios (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 149 (1812)
= Tithymalus apios (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 173/3 (1768)
species :
Euphorbia apocynoides
Klotzsch; Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 99 (1853)
Distribution: Panama
80 PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema apocynoides (Klotzsch) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia appariciana
Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 992 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia appendiculata
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Euphorbia J. 5: 36 (1988)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia applanata
Thulin & Al-Gifri; Nordic J. Bot. 15(2): 193 (1995)
Distribution: S-Yemen
35 YEM
species :
Euphorbia aprica
Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 616 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia apurimacensis
Croizat; J. Arn. Arb. 27: 289 (1946)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Euphorbia arabica
Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 33 (1862)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Kenya; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Qatar; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama)
20 EGY 24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN 35 OMA QAT SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum arabicum (Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Aethiop. 34
= Chamaesyce arabica (Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.)Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 168 (1972)
= Euphorbia arabica var. brevifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 33 (1862)
= Euphorbia arabica var. latappendiculata Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 85 (1909)
= Euphorbia propinqua R.Br.; Salt, Ethiopia. App. p. lxv, nomen
= Euphorbia propinqua R.Br. ex N.E.Br.; DIcr, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 505 (1911), descr.
= Euphorbia seclusa N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 512 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia arabicoides
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 1037 (1913)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia arahaka
H.Poiss.; Rech. Fl. Merid. Madag. 51 (1912)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arahaka H.Poiss. ex Humbert & Leandri; Adansonia n. s. 6: 339 (1966)
species :
Euphorbia araucana
Phil.; Anal. Univ. Chil. 91: 508 (1895)
Distribution: Chile (Araucanía)
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia arbuscula
Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 12: 93 (1884)
Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Samha Isl.; Soqotra
24 SOC
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia arbuscula (Balf.f.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 87 (1996)
= Euphorbia arbuscula var. montana Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 410 (1884)
species :
Euphorbia ardonensis
Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 13: 210 (1976)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus ardonensis (Galushko) Galushko; Fl. Severn. Kavkaza Vopr. Ist. 3: 56(1979)
= Tithymalus ardonensis (Galushko) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980) (isonym)
species :
Euphorbia arenaria
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 57 (1817)
Distribution: Guatemala; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru
80 GUA 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus arenarius (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Euphorbia arenaria var. quitensis Boiss.; (1862)
species :
Euphorbia arenarioides
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 297 (1921)
Distribution: Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO VIE
species :
Euphorbia argillosa
Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier Ser. II. 5: 679 (1905)
Distribution: Paraguay (Concepcion)
85 PAR
species :
Euphorbia arguta
Banks & Sol.; A. Russell, Nat. Hist. Aleppo ed. 2, 2: 253 (1794)
Distribution: Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Sudan; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (S-Anatolia); Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
20 EGY LBY 24 SUD 34 CYP EAI ISR JOR LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia calendulifolia Delile; Fl. Egypte, 233, t. 30, f. 1 (1813)
= Tithymalus argutus (Banks & Sol.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
variant :
var. dasycarpa
Plitmann; Zohary. Fl. Palaestina 2: 459 (1972)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
species :
Euphorbia arida
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: 11. 319 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. arida
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
subspecies :
subsp. camdebooensis
Bruyns; Haseltonia 25: 31, figs. 1-2 (2018)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia ariensis
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 57 (1817)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus ariensis (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Eumecanthus benthamianus Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Eumecanthus physalifolius (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 415 (1916)
= Euphorbia ariensis var. villicaulis Fernald; (1907)
= Euphorbia marianoi Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 47 (1989), nom. nov.
= Euphorbia mazatlamensis Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 47 (1989), nom. nov. for E. triflora Sessé & Moc.
= Euphorbia physalifolia Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 19 (1860)
= Euphorbia pulchella Sessé & Moc.; Pl. N. Spain ed. 1, 81 1887 (1890) (La Naturaleza, Ser. II. 1: App.), ed. 2, 76,Sessé & Moc. Fl. Mexico. ed. 2, 122 (1894)
= Euphorbia triflora Sessé & Moc.; Pl. N. Hs. ed. 1, 81 1887 (1890) (La Naturaleza, Ser. II. 1: App.), ed. 2, 76
species :
Euphorbia aristata
Schmalh.; Ber. deutsch. bot. Ges. 10: (1892) 292 t. 17 fig. 13
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia soongarica subsp. aristata (Schmalh.) Prokh. & Kuzmanov
= Tithymalus aristatus (Schmalh.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 108 (1933), inobs.
= Tithymalus soongaricus subsp. aristatus (Schmalh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia arizonica
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 186 (1858)
Name: Arizona sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce arizonica (Engelm.) Arthur; Torreya 11: 260 (1911)
= Chamaesyce portulana (S.Watson) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Chamaesyce purisimana (Millsp.) Millsp.; (1916)
= Chamaesyce versicolor (Greene) Norton; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 25: 345 (1925)
= Euphorbia collina Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 184 (1911), non Phil. 1857-58
= Euphorbia portulana S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 24: 73 (1889)
= Euphorbia purisimana Millsp.; (1889)
= Euphorbia versicolor Greene; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 6: 184 (1881)
species :
Euphorbia armourii
Millsp.; Field Columb. Mus. Bot. Ser. 1 (1895) 28 t. 2
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize
79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus armourii (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia armstrongiana
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 47 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
variant :
var. distans
(W.Fitzg.) Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 463 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia distans W.Fitzg.; J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 3: 160 (1918)
species :
Euphorbia arnottiana
Endl.; Ann. Wien. Mus. 1: 184, No. 1564 (1836)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu (south Ko))
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum virgatum Klotzsch & Garcke; Syn. Pl. Succ. 36 (1860)
= Chamaesyce arnottiana (Endl.) O.Deg., I.Deg. & Croizat; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190 (1959)
= Chamaesyce hookeri (Steud.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Euphorbia coriariifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 12 (1862)
= Euphorbia hookeri Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 612 (1840)
= Euphorbia myrtifolia Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beech. Voy. 95
species :
Euphorbia arrecta
N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. 5(2): 283 (1915) et ex R. E. Fr., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Rhod.-Kongo-Exped. 1911-12 1: 116 (1914)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia arteagae
W.R.Buck & Huft; J. Arnold Arbor. 58(3): 343 (1977)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia articulata
Burm.; Plumier, Pl. Amer. 10: 249 (1760)
Name: Jointed sandmat, Bushy spurge (Bahamas), Bois lait (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Bahamas; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Guana, Dyke, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); St. Martin/St. Maarten/St. Maarten; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Barbuda; Montserrat; Guadeloupe (incl. Les Saintes); Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada
81 ABA BAH DOM GDL GRE MAR MTS PUE STE STK STL STV VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum lineare (Retz.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 38 (1860)
= Anisophyllum vahlii Klotzsch & Garcke; Syn. Pl. Succ. 36 (1860)
= Chamaesyce articulata (Aubl.) Britton; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 574 (1916)
= Chamaesyce linearis (Retz.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 410 (1916)
= Chamaesyce vahlii (Willd.) Wilson; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 395 (1917)
= Euphorbia articulata var. lordatii Stehlé & Stehlé; (1854)
= Euphorbia linearis Retz.; Obs. 3: 32 (1783)
= Euphorbia vahlii Willd. ex Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 37 (1860)
= Tithymalus linearis (Retz.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
species :
Euphorbia arvalis
Boiss. & Heldr. ex Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 12: 116(1853)
subspecies :
subsp. arvalis
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (N-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia parvula K.Koch; Linnaea 21: (1848) 731(nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia ruderalis Scheele; Linnaea 17: 343 (1843)
= Tithymalus arvalis (Boiss. & Heldr.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 82 (1860)
= Tithymalus parvulus (K.Koch) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 93 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. longistyla
(Litard. & Maire) Molero, Rovira & Vicens; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid 54(1): 218 (1996)
Distribution: E-Spain; Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia arvalis var. longistyla Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 35 "1930" (1931)
species :
Euphorbia asclepiadea
Milne-Redh.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3481 (1951)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia aserbajdzhanica
Bordz.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Kieff 7-8: 19 (1928)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Iran (EC-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan (Swat)
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pseudosororia (Prokh.) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 3: 28 (1932)
= Tithymalus pseudosororius Prokh.; (1930)
species :
Euphorbia asthenacantha
S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3865 (1982)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia astyla
Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 40 (1862)
Name: Alkali sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce astyla (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia atimovatae
Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 7 (2021)
Distribution: S- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia atoto
G.Forst.; Prod. 36 (1786)
Distribution: Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea); Tuamotu Arch. (Niau, Anaa, Rangiroa, Takaroa, Tikei, Arutua, Ahii, Takapota, Tahanea, Faite, Takume, Taiaro, Makemo, Kaukura); Austral Isl. (Tubuai)
61 AUI SCI TUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum atoto (G.Forst.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 37 (1860)
= Chamaesyce atoto (G.Forst.) Croizat; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia taitensis Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 5 (1860)
= Euphorbia taitensis var. stenhymenia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 14 (1862)
= Euphorbia atoto var. minor Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 13 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia atrocarmesina
L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 42: 167 (1968)
subspecies :
subsp. atrocarmesina
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
subspecies :
subsp. arborea
L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 3(2): 101 (1977)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia atrococca
A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Stud. 1: 844 (1897)
Distribution: Hawaii (western Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce atrococca (A.Heller) Croizat & O.Deg.; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce atrococca var. kilaueana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce atrococca var. kokeeana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia atrococca var. kilaueana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 604 (1936)
= Euphorbia atrococca var. kokeeana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 603 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. pseudoniuensis O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 43: 475 (1956)
species :
Euphorbia atroflora
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 393 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia atropurpurea
Brouss.; Elench. Pl. Hort. Bot. Monsp. (1805) 24, nomen, Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 501
Name: Dunkelpurpurrote Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba majorera (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Kanopikon atropurpureum (Brouss. ex Willd.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Tithymalus atropurpureus (Brouss. ex Willd.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 80 (1860)
= Euphorbia atropurpurea var. modesta Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar.: 33 (1960)
species :
Euphorbia atrox
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(4): 418 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia attastoma
Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 987 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
variant :
var. xanthochlora
Rizzini; Rev. Brasil. Biol. 49(4): 992 (1989 publ. 1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia aucheri
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 7: 94 (1846)
Distribution: Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral)
20 EGY 32 TKM TZK 34 AFG IRN IRQ 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bounophila Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia bounophila var. aucheri (Boiss.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 154 (1862)
= Euphorbia chasmophila Rech. f. & Aellen; (1951)
= Euphorbia herpetorrhiza Prokh.; (1933)
= Euphorbia kurdica Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.; (1879)
= Euphorbia litwinowii Prokh.; (1933)
= Euphorbia monticola Boiss.; (1846)
= Euphorbia quinqueradiata Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 17: 134 (1958)
= Tithymalus aucheri (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 93 (1860)
= Tithymalus bounophilus (Boiss.) Prokh.; (1933)
= Tithymalus herpetorrhizus Prokh.; (1933)
= Tithymalus kurdicus (Boiss.) Prokh.; (1933)
= Tithymalus litwinowii Prokh.; (1933)
= Tithymalus monticola (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; (1860)
species :
Euphorbia audissoui
Marx; Euphorbia World 10(1): 23 (2014)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia aulacosperma
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 12: 117(1853)
Distribution: Greece; Northern Caucasus; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
13 GRC 33 NCS 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: sulcata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia aulacosperma var. fossulata (Boiss. & Gaill.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 140 (1862)
= Euphorbia fossulata Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Ser. II 4: 87 (1859)
= Tithymalus aulacospermus (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 82 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia aureoviridiflora
(Rauh) Rauh; Collect. Bot. 21: 207 (1992)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia neohumbertii var. aureoviridiflora Rauh; (1970)
species :
Euphorbia australis
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 15 (1860)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce australis (Boiss.).D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
variant :
var. canescens
Domin
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
variant :
var. erythrantha
(F.Muell.) Benth.
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia erythrantha F.Muell.; Fragm. 2: 152 (1861)
variant :
var. glabrescens
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 36 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)
50 AUS
variant :
var. glabra
Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 466 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
variant :
var. hispidula
Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 467 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia austro-iranica
Pahlevani; Pl. Syst. Evol. 303(2): 150 (2016)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia austrotexana
Mayfield; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 7(2): 634 (2013)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
variant :
var. carrii
Mayfield; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 7(2): 636 (2013)
Distribution: USA (Texas)
77 USA
species :
Euphorbia avasmontana
Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 53: 96 (1928)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 BOT NAM SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia avasmontana var. sagittaria (Marloth) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 817 (1941)
= Euphorbia hottentota Marloth; S. Afr. J. Sci. 27: 336, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia kalaharica Marloth; S. Afr. J. Sci. 27: 338, 340 (1930)
= Euphorbia sagittaria Marloth; S. Afr. J. Sci. 27: 337, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia venenata Marloth; S. Afr. J. Sci. 27: 337, 339 (1930)
= Euphorbia volkmanniae Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 53: 124 (1928)
species :
Euphorbia awashensis
M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. 21: 76 (1992)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia azorica
Hochst.; Seub. Fl. Azor. 27 (1844)
Distribution: Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.)
21 AZO
Remarks: pinea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus azoricus (Hochst.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 98 (1860)
= Euphorbia pinea var. azorica (Hochst.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 146 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia baga
A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appliq. 13: 569 (1933)
Distribution: Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; ?Benin; Nigeria
22 BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA
variant :
var. parvifolia
L.E.Newton; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94(4): 464 (1987)
Distribution: Ghana
22 GHA
species :
Euphorbia bagyrensis
Stepanov; Fl. N. E. W. Sayan 128 (2006)
Distribution: Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)
30 SIB
species :
Euphorbia bahiensis
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 24 (1862)
Distribution: Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Colombia (Atlántico, Córdoba, Sucre); ?French Guiana; NE-Brazil (Bahia)
80 COS HON PAN 81 JAM 82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum bahiense Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 33 (1860)
= Chamaesyce bahiensis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Dugand & D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. liv 344 (1968)
species :
Euphorbia baioensis
S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3870 (1982)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia balakrishnanii
Binojk. & R.Gopalan; Rheedea 8(1): 67 (1998)
Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce balakrishnanii (Binojk. & R.Gopalan) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 91 (2004)
species :
Euphorbia balbisii
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 11 (1860)
Distribution: Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe (incl. La Désirade)
81 ABA GDL
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum affine Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1859 29 (1860)
= Chamaesyce balbisii (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Euphorbia affinis Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 12 (1860)
= Euphorbia serpens Balb. ex Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 12 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia baleensis
M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. 21: 75 (1992)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia ballyana
Rauh; Kakt. & Sukkulent. 17: 46 (1966)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia ballyi
S.Carter; Fl. Pl. Afr. 36: t. 1408 (1963)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia balsamifera
Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 2: 137 (1789)
subspecies :
subsp. balsamifera
Name: Balsam-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba dulce (ES)
Distribution: Morocco; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Mauritania; Senegal; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; N-Nigeria; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Chad; Somalia
20 MOR 21 CNY 22 BEN BKN GHA LBR MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CAF CON 24 CHA SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia balsamifera var. rogeri (N.E.Br.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 450 (1938)
= Euphorbia balsamifera subsp. rogeri (N.E.Br.) Guinea; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 8: 399 (1948)
= Euphorbia rogeri N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 551 (1911)
= Tithymalus balsamiferus (N.E.Br.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 140 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. sepium
(N.E.Br.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 2574 (1939)
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Nigeria
22 GAM NGA SEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia sepium N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 551 (1911)
subspecies :
subsp. adenensis
(Deflers) P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 29: 390 (1974)
Distribution: Sudan; Somalia; Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen)
24 SOC SOM SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia adenensis Deflers; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 34: 67 (1887)
= Tithymalus adenensis (Deflers) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia banae
Rauh; Kakt. And. Sukk. 44(1): 3 (1993)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia baradii
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(4): 421 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia barbicollis
P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 20: 37 (1965)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia bariensis
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(6): 675 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia barnardii
A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. (S. Afr.) 2: 804, App. A, 965 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
species :
Euphorbia barrancana
Mayfield & V.Steinmann
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia barrelieri
Savi; Bot. Etrusc. 1: 143 (1808)
subspecies :
subsp. barrelieri
Distribution: Italy; Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: barrelieri agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rupestris Friv. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 165 (1862)
= Tithymalus barrelieri (Savi) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. hercegovina
(Beck) Kuzmanov; Izv. Bot. Inst. (Sofija) 12: 120 (1963)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Macedonia
13 BIH CRO NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia hercegovina Beck; Glasn. Zem. Mus. Bosn. i Hercegov. (Fl. Bosn. Hercegov. &c.) 32: 95 (1920)
= Tithymalus barrelieri subsp. hercegovinus (Beck) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia bartolomaei
Greene; Pittonia 1: 290 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bartolomaei (Greene) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia basarabica
Prodan; Bul. Acad. Stud. Agron. Cluj 1: 40 (1930)
Distribution: Romania; Moldova
13 ROM 14 MLD
Remarks: status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus basarabicus (Prodan) Soják; (1972)
species :
Euphorbia baselicis
Ten.; Prodr. Fl. Nap. 1: 29 (1811-15)
Distribution: Italy; ?Montenegro; Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece
13 ALB BUL GRC ITA NMA TUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia baselicis subsp. thessala Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 34: 282 (1896)
= Euphorbia barrelieri var. thessala (Formánek) K.Malý; (1904)
= Euphorbia barrelieri subsp. thessala (Formánek) Bornm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61, Beibl. 140: 109 (1928)
= Euphorbia baselicis var. rupestris Friv. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 165 (1862)
= Euphorbia frivaldszkyana Dörfl. & Degen ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 107 (1904)
= Euphorbia thessala (Forman.) Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. 64: 736 (1897)
= Tithymalus barrelieri subsp. thessalus (Formánek) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia baueri
Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 27 (1862)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia baylissii
L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 30: 213 (1964)
Distribution: SE-Mozambique
species :
Euphorbia beamanii
M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 126 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus beamanii (Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia beckii
V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 114(1): 24 (2013)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Euphorbia begardii
(Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 24 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia primulifolia var. begardii Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 386 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia beillei
A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appliq. 13: 559 (1933)
Distribution: Central African Republic; Chad
23 CAF 24 CHA
Synonyms: hidden
= Elaeophorbia beillei (A.Chev.) Jacobsen; Handb. Succ. Pl. 1: 391 (1960)
species :
Euphorbia belagaviensis
Sarojin. & Raja Kullayisw.; Euphorbia World 14(1): 24 (2018)
Distribution: India (Karnataka)
40 IND
species :
Euphorbia belgheisi
Pahlevani; Kew Bull. 74(3)-49: 2 (2019)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia bemarahaensis
Rauh & Mangelsdorff; Succulentes, 1999(1): 12 (1999)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia benthamii
Hiern; Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 943 (1900)
Distribution: Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Namibia
25 TAN 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
species :
Euphorbia berevoensis
Lawant & Buddens.; Euphorbia World 4(1): 6 (2008)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia nicaisei Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 5(1): 11 (2013)
species :
Euphorbia berorohae
Rauh & Hofstätter; Brit. Cact. Succ. J. 13(3): 94 (1995)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia berotica
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: t. 600 (1912)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Esula, sect. Aphyllis, subsect. Africanae
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia berotica (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia berryi
V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 545(2): 218 (2022)
Distribution: Brazil (Maranhao)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia bertemariae
Bisseret & Dioli; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 77(4): 208 (2005)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia berteroana
Balb. ex Spreng.; Syst. 3: 794 (1826)
Name: Berteron´s sandmat, Tabac a diable batard, Tabac a jacot petit, Ti teigne (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Bahamas; Cuba; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; St. Barthélémy; Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Colombia; Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal); Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman)
77 USA 79 MEX 81 ABA BAH CUB GDL HIS MAR PUE SBA 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum berteroanum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 32 (1860)
= Chamaesyce barberoana Croizat; J. Arn. Arb. 24: 186 (1943)
= Chamaesyce berteroana (Balb.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 303 (1909)
= Chamaesyce microcephala (Boiss.) Croizat; J. Arn. Arb. 24: 188 (1943)
= Chamaesyce puberula (Fernald) Millsp.; Publ. Feld Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Euphorbia bicephala Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 3: 20 (1844)
= Euphorbia microcephala Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 1262 (1862)
= Euphorbia origanoides Bertero ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 21 (1862)
= Euphorbia puberula Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. 36: 494 (1901)
= Euphorbia sordida Klotzsch ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 21 (1862)
= Euphorbia stipitata Millsp.; Field Columb. Mus. Bot. 2: 65 (1900)
species :
Euphorbia berthelotii
Bolle ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 109 (1862)
Name: Gomera-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba de gomera (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lamarckii var. berthelotii (Bolle ex Boiss.) Oudejans; World. cat. of sp. names publ. in tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiac.) with geogr. distrib., Cum. supp. 1: 12 (1993)
= Tirucalia virgata var. berthelotii (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 94 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia berythea
Boiss. & Blume; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 4: 82 (1859)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel)
34 ISR LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus berytheus (Boiss. & Blanche) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia besseri
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 42 (1862)
Distribution: Chile (locality unknown)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum besseri Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 30 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia betacea
Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 623 (1886)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
species :
Euphorbia betrokana
J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Euphorbia World 16(3): 12 (2020), nom. nov.
Distribution: SE-Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Remarks: milii agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia milii var. longifolia Rauh; (1967)
species :
Euphorbia betulicortex
Gilbert; Kew Bull. 45: 272 (1990)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia beuginii
Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 4(2): 45 (2012)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bevilaniensis
Croizat; Nat. Hort. Mag. Jan., p. 96 (1934)
Distribution: SE-Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Remarks: milii agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia milii var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Ursch & Leandri; (1955)
= Euphorbia splendens var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Leandri; (1946)
species :
Euphorbia biaculeata
Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 75 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bianoensis
(Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium bianoense Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Séances Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer 40(3): 400 (1994 publ. 1995)
species :
Euphorbia bicolor
Engelm. & A.Gray; Bost. J. Nat. Hist. 5: 233 (1845)
Name: Snow on the prairie
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Dichrophyllum bicolor (Engelm. & A.Gray) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 249, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 44 (1860)
= Lepadena bicolor (Engelm. & A.Gray) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Nat. 2: 300 (1912)
= Euphorbia bicolor var. concolor Engelm. & A.Gray; (1845)
species :
Euphorbia bicompacta
Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Rwanda; Kenya
23 RWA 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Synadenium compactum N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 465 (1911)
variant :
var. rubra
(S.Carter) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Synadenium compactum var. rubrum S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 669 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia biconvexa
Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 89: 308 (1927)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce biconvexa (Domin) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia bifida
Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 213-214 (1837)
Distribution: China (Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java (incl. Madura Isl., Kangean Isl.); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland); Vanuatu; Palau (Babeldaob, Koror); Northern Marianas (Saipan, Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap)
36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 41 CBD LAO NCB THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 VAN 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce parannaquensis (Blanco) Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 356 (1938)
= Chamaesyce bifida (Hook. & Arn.) T.Kuros.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 51(2): 212 (2000 publ. 2001)
= Chamaesyce vachellii (Hook. & Arn.) Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6(6): 283, f. 34 (1954)
= Euphorbia parannaquensis Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. II. 286 (1845)
= Euphorbia backeri Pax & K.Hoffm.; Blumea 3: 60 (1938)
= Euphorbia reinwardtiana Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 614 (1840)
= Euphorbia serrulata Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 635 (1826) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia serrulata var. pubescens Warb.; (1891)
= Euphorbia vachellii Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 213 (1837)
= Euphorbia vachellii var. pubescens (Warb.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 188 (1992)
species :
Euphorbia bifurcata
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 190 (1858)
Name: Forked spurge
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus bifurcatus (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 413 (1916)
= Euphorbia uniglandulosa S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 476 (1887)
= Euphorbia wootonii Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 49 (1989), nom. nov.
= Zygophyllidium delicatulum Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia biharamulensis
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 675 (1987)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia bilobata
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 190 (1858)
Name: Blackseed spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllidium bilobatum (Engelm.) Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 227 (1910)
species :
Euphorbia bindloensis
(A.Stewart) Ya Yang; Taxon 61(4): 783 (2012)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bindloensis (Stewart) D.G.Burch; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56: 176 (1969)
= Euphorbia articulata var. bindloensis Stewart; (1911)
species :
Euphorbia biselegans
Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium elegans S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 909 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia bisellenbeckii
Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium ellenbeckii f. caulopodium P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 17: 35 (1959)
= Monadenium ellenbeckii N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 454 (1911)
= Monadenium zavattarii Chiov.; Miss. Biol. Borana, Racc. Bot., Angiosp.-Gymnosp. 103 (1939)
= Euphorbia bisellenbeckii f. caulopodia (P.R.O.Bally) S.Carter; Euphorbia World 9(3): 7 (2013)
species :
Euphorbia bisglobosa
Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium globosum P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 906 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia bitataensis
M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. 21: 75 (1992)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia biumbellata
Poir.; Voy. Barb. 2: 174 (1789)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily
12 BAL COR FRA SPA 13 ITA SIC
Remarks: biumbellata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula biumbellata (Poir.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 156 (1812)
= Tithymalus biumbellatus (Poir.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 85 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia bivonae
Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, 1: 610 (1840)
subspecies :
subsp. bivonae
Distribution: W-Sicily; Malta; Greece; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Mauritania; East Aegaean Isl.; Sinai peninsula
13 GRC MLT SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 22 MTN 34 EAI SIN
Remarks: bivonae agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bivonae var. intercedens Pamp.; Pl. Tripol. 18 (1914)
= Euphorbia bivonae var. melitensis (Parl.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 276 (1901)
= Euphorbia bivonae var. montana Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(2): 332 (1907)
= Euphorbia fruticosa Biv.; Sic. Pl. Cent. 1: 35 (1806) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia melitensis Parl.; Fl. It. 4: 478 (1869)
= Euphorbia spinosa subsp. melitensis (Parl.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 648 (1881)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. bivonae (Steud.) Fiori; Nuova Fl. Italia 2: 173 (1926)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. melitensis (Parl.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 173 (1926)
= Euphorbia spinosa var. montana (Lojac.) Fiori; (1926)
= Tithymalus bivonae (Steud.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus fruticosus (Biv.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 78 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. tunetana
Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 35(3): 17 (1899)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Madeira; Mauritania
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 MDR 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia spinosa Viv.; Fl. Lib. Spec. 26
= Euphorbia tunetana (Murb.) Vierh. ex Buxb.; (1926)
species :
Euphorbia blatteri
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Pakistan (Waziristan)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia helioscopioides Blatt.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36: 483 (1933) (non Loscos & Pardo)
species :
Euphorbia blepharadena
O.L.M.Silva & Cordeiro; Eur. J. Taxon. 733: 74, figs. 1-2 (2021)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia blepharophylla
C.A.Mey.; Icon. Pl. 4: 24. 1833-1834
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus blepharophyllus (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 73 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia blodgettii
Engelm. ex Hitchc.; Missouri Bot. Gard. Rep. 4: 126 (1893)
Name: Limestone sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida); Bermuda; Mexico (Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada, Tortola)
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON 81 BAH BER CAY CUB JAM PUE TCI VIR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce blodgettii (Engelm. ex Hitchc.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 712 (1903)
= Chamaesyce chiogenes Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 709 (1903)
= Chamaesyce cozumelensis (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 402 (1916)
= Chamaesyce nashii Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 709 (1903)
= Euphorbia batabanensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. 5: 390 (1908)
= Euphorbia bermudiana Millsp.; Field Columb. Mus. Bot. 2: 65 (1900)
= Euphorbia chiogenes (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
= Euphorbia cozumelensis Millsp.; Field Columb. Mus. Bot. 2: 61 (1900)
species :
Euphorbia bodenghieniae
(Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium bodenghieniae Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Séances Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer 40(3): 402 (1994 publ. 1995)
species :
Euphorbia boerhavioides
Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 441 (1907)
Distribution: Bolivia (Bolivia)
83 BOL
Conservation Status: Known only from type
species :
Euphorbia boetica
Boiss.; Cent. Euphorb. 36 (1860)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain; Gibraltar
12 GIB POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia carniolica Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 2: 317
= Euphorbia trinervia Boiss.; Elench. 82
= Tithymalus trinervius Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 85 (1860)
= Tithymalus baeticus (Boiss.) Samp.; An. Fac. Sci. Porto 17: 46 (1931)
species :
Euphorbia boinensis
Denis ex Humbert & Leandri; Adansonia n. s. 6: 340 (1966)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia boinensis Denis ex Leandri; Cat. Pl. Madag., Euphorbiac. 12 (1935) (gallice)
species :
Euphorbia boissieri
Baill.; Adansonia 1: 142 (1860 publ. 1861)
Distribution: E-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia longifolia Baill. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 78 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia boissieriana
(Woron.) Prokh.; Fl. URSS 14: 445 (1949)
Name: Boissier-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Waziristan, Kurram, Chitral, Gilgit); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
32 TKM TZK 33 ARM GEO 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia hypoleuca (Prokh.) Rech. f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 212 (1948)
= Euphorbia virgata subsp. boissieriana (Woronow) Prokh.
= Euphorbia virgata subsp. orientalis (Boiss.) Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 507 (1891)
= Tithymalus boissierianus Woron.; Herb. Fl. Caucasus no. 479 (1931)
= Tithymalus hypoleucus Prokh.; (1933)
species :
Euphorbia boiteaui
Leandri; Not. Syst., ed. Humbert 12: 163 (1946)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. ampanihyensis
(Cremers) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 156 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. ampanihyensis Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 373 (1984)
variant :
var. spirosticha
(Rauh & Buchloh) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 156 (2016)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. spirosticha Rauh & Buchloh; Cact. Succ. J. (USA) 59(1): 9 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia boivinii
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 77 (1862)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia boivinii var. minor Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 76 (1945)
= Euphorbia boivinii var. oreades Leandri; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 12: 76 (1945)
species :
Euphorbia bokorensis
H.Toyama & Tagane; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 67(2): 92 (2016)
Distribution: Cambodia
41 CBD
species :
Euphorbia bombensis
Jacq.; Enum. Pl. Carib. 22 (1760)
Name: Dixie sandmat
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; ?Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Colombia; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Sucre)
77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA NIC PAN 81 CUB 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce ammannioides (Kunth) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 709 (1903)
= Chamaesyce bombensis (Jacq.) Dugand; Caldasia 10: 190 (1968)
= Chamaesyce ingallsii Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 708 (1903)
= Euphorbia ammannioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 55 (1817)
= Euphorbia ingallsii (Small) Cory; Rhodora 38: 406 (1936)
= Euphorbia maritima Willd. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 28 (1862)
= Euphorbia poliosperma Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 235 (1930)
species :
Euphorbia bongensis
Kotschy & Peyr.; Pl. Tinn. 40, t. 19 (1866)
Distribution: Rwanda; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia
23 RWA 24 SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia djurensis Schweinf. ex Pax; Bot. Jahrb. 19: (1894) 119. 19: 119 (1894)
species :
Euphorbia bongolavensis
Rauh; Kakt. And. Sukk. 44(4): 70 (1993)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bonplandii
Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. II. 456 (1830)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Coahuila, etc.)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia marginata Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 61 (1817)
= Dichrophyllum marginatum (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 249, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 44 (1860)
= Euphorbia torrida DC.; Atti Reun. Second. Sci. It. Tor. 158 (1841)
species :
Euphorbia boophthona
C.A.Gardner; J. Dept. Agric. W. Austral. 19: 89 (1942), in obs., et in J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 27: 181 (1942)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia borbonica
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 156 (1862)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Euphorbia borealis
Baikov; Turczaninovia 5(4): 17 (2002)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
species :
Euphorbia borenensis
M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(2): 391 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia boreobaluchestanica
Pahlevani; Phytotaxa 312(1): 84 (2017)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Euphorbia bosseri
Leandri; Adansonia n. s. 5: 212 (1965), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bailloni Boiss. ex Baill.; Adansonia 1: 142 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Euphorbia platyclada Rauh; Kakt. & Sukkulent. 21: 46 (1970)
= Euphorbia platyclada var. hardyi Rauh
= Tirucalia platyclada (Rauh) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 92 (1996)
= Tirucalia platyclada var. hardyi (Rauh) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 92 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia bottae
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 95 (1862)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen, Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen)
35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia bottae (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia bougheyi
L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 30: 9 (1964)
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia halipedicola L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 36: 42 (1970)
species :
Euphorbia bouleyi
S.Moore; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 45: 212 (1920)
Distribution: Australia (N-Western Australia)
50 AUS
Remarks: status uncertain
species :
Euphorbia bourgaeana
J.Gay ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 108 (1862)
Name: Bourgeaus Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba amarilla de Tenerife (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lambii Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 27 (1960)
species :
Euphorbia brachycera
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 192 (1858)
Name: Horned spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora)
73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia brachycera f. dichotoma (Daniels) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia brachycera var. robusta (Engelm.) Dorn; Vasc. Pl. Wyoming: 296 (1988)
= Euphorbia lurida Engelm; Ives, Rep. Colorado River Bot. 26 (1861)
= Euphorbia lurida var. pringlei Norton; (1899)
= Euphorbia montana Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 192 (1858) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia montana var. gracilior Engelm.; Rep. U. S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 192 (1858)
= Euphorbia montana var. robusta Engelm.; (1858)
= Euphorbia montana var. trifaris Norton; (1899) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia odontadenia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 148 (1862)
= Euphorbia philora (Cockerell) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 41 (1935)
= Euphorbia robusta (Engelm.) Small; Britton & Brown, Fl. N. U. S. 2: 381
= Euphorbia robusta var. interioris Norton; (1899)
= Galarhoeus robustus (Engelm.) Rydb.; Brittonia 1: 93 (1931)
= Tithymalus brachycerus (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. ed. 2, 1349 (1913)
= Tithymalus luridus (Engelm.) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. U, S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
= Tithymalus montanus (Engelm.) Small
= Tithymalus philorus Cockerell; Muhlenbergia 4: 56 (1908)
= Tithymalus philorus f. dichotomus Daniels; (1911)
= Tithymalus robustus (Engelm.) Small; Britton & Brown, Ill. Fl. Ed. 2, 2: 475 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia brachyphylla
Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 80 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bracteata
Jacq.; Hort. Schoenb. 3: 14, t. 276 (1798)
Distribution: Vietnam [I]; Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
41 vie 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Diadenaria articulata Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 108 (1860)
= Diadenaria involucrata Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 107 (1860)
= Diadenaria pavonis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 108 (1860)
= Pedilanthus bracteatus (Jacq.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus articulatus (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus greggii Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. 2: 363 (1913)
= Pedilanthus involucratus (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus olsson-sefferi Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago. Bot. 2: 363 (1913)
= Pedilanthus pavonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 6 (1862)
= Pedilanthus rubescens Brandegee; Zoe 5: 209 (1905)
= Pedilanthus spectabilis B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 43: 23 (1907)
= Tithymalodes articulatum (Klotzsch & Garcke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalodes bracteatum (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalodes involucratum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalodes pavonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalus aztecus Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 703 (1937)
= Tithymalus bracteatus (Jacq.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus bracteatus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 138 (1812)
= Tithymalus eochlorus Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus greggii (Millsp.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus olsson-sefferi (Millsp.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus spectabilis (B.L.Rob.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus subpavonianus Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 703 (1937)
= Ventenatia bracteata (Jacq.) Tratt.; Gen. Pl. Disp. 87 (1802)
species :
Euphorbia bracteolaris
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 8 (1860)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Euphorbia brakdamensis
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 324 (1915)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia brandegeei
Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Ser. II. 2: 226 (1889)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce brandegeei Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia brassii
P.I.Forst.; Austrobaileya 4(2): 246 (1994), nom. nov.
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia plumerioides var. macrocarpa Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 8: 86 (1980)
species :
Euphorbia braunsii
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 326 (1915)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov., Free State)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rudis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 322 (1915)
= Euphorbia rangeana Dinter ex Jacobsen; Neue Pflanzen Deutsch-Südwestafrikas 31 (1960), nomen
= Euphorbia marientalii Dinter; Neue Pflanzen Deutsch-Südwestafrikas 31 (1914)
species :
Euphorbia bravoana
Svent.; Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron., Madrid 14: No. 30, 33 (1954)
Name: Bravo-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tabaiba de Bravo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
species :
Euphorbia breedlovei
V.W.Steinm. & P.Carrillo; Phytotaxa 350(3): 212 (2018)
Distribution: Mexico (Morelos, Chiapas, México Distrito Federal, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia breviarticulata
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 84 (1904)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH SOM SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia grandilobata Chiov.; Fl. Somala, II. 405 (1932)
variant :
var. trunciformis
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 676 (1987)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia brevicornu
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 88 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya
25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia euryops Bull.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 492 (1932)
species :
Euphorbia brevis
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 570 (1911)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia brevitorta
P.R.O.Bally; Fl. Pl. Afr. 33: t. 1288 (1959)
Distribution: Kenya (mountains)
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia briquetii
Emb. & Maire; Pl. Marocc. Nov. (Arch. Sci. Maroc), Fasc. I. 5 (1929)
Distribution: SE-Spain (between Lorca and Puerto de Lumbreras); Morocco
12 SPA 20 MOR
Remarks: biumbellata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia megalatlantica subsp. briquetii (Emb. & Maire) Losa & Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérif. ser. bot. 19: 456 (1960)
= Euphorbia briquetii Emb. & Maire, Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 11: Nos. 4-6, 108 (1931)
= Tithymalus briquetii (Emb. & Maire) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Euphorbia clavigera Lacaita; (1928)
= Euphorbia paui Lacaita ex Losa; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 7: 418 (1946)
species :
Euphorbia brownii
Baill.; Adansonia 6: 290 (1866)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
Remarks: status uncertain
species :
Euphorbia brunellii
Chiov. ex Chiarugi; Webbia 8: 234 (1951)
Distribution: South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya
24 ETH SSU 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rubella var. brunellii (Chiov.) P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 22: 262 (1967)
species :
Euphorbia bruntii
(Proctor) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989)
Distribution: Cayman Isl.
81 CAY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce bruntii Proctor; Sloanea 1: 2 (1977)
species :
Euphorbia bruynsii
L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 47(1): 103 (1981)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Dactylanthes
species :
Euphorbia bubalina
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 26 (1860)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov., KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia laxiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 286 (1898)
= Euphorbia tugelensis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 335 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia buchtormensis
C.A.Mey.; Ic. Pl. Ross. 2: 26 (1830)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus buchtormensis (C.A.Mey.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 79 (1860)
= Euphorbia subamplexicaulis Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 744 (1841)
= Tithymalus subamplexicaulis (Kar. & Kir.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 69 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia buhsei
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 167 (1862)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan); China (Xinjiang)
32 TKM UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus buhsei (Boiss.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 51, in clavi, 166 (1933)
= Euphorbia kopetdaghensis Korovin ex Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 166 (1933)
= Euphorbia buhsei var. lasiostemon Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 167 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia bulbispina
Rauh & Razafindr.; Euphorbia J. 7: 31 (1991)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Windsor Castle Rock, near Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia bungei
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 115 (1862)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Bamyan, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Parwan, Zabul)
32 TKM TZK 34 AFG IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus bungei (Boiss.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 35, in clavi, 62 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia bupleurifolia
Jacq.; Hort. Schoenb. 1: 55. I. 106 (1797)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus bupleurifolius (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 138 (1812)
= Euphorbia proteifolia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 92 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia bupleuroides
Desf.; Fl. Atl. 1: 387 (1798)
subspecies :
subsp. bupleuroides
Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atlantica Pers.; Syn. 2: 18 (1806)
= Euphorbia diversifolia Schrad. ex Steud.; Nom. ed. I. 324 (1821)
= Euphorbia elongata Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 621 (1812)
= Tithymalus bupleuroides (Desf.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. luteola
(Coss. & Durieu ex Boiss.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Afr. Nord 30: 363 (1939)
Distribution: SE-Spain (La Sagra); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia luteola Coss. & Durieu ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 150 (1862) non Kralik 1858
species :
Euphorbia buqensis
Mazuch, Orlando, Awale, Elmi & Vlk; Euphorbia World 16(3): 57, figs. 1-4, 7-10, 14-16; tt. 1-2 (2020)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia burchellii
Müll.Arg.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 11: II. 680 (1874)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins, Goias)
84 BRA
Remarks: sect. Anisophyllum. Recently rediscovered
species :
Euphorbia burgeri
M.G.Gilbert; Collect. Bot. 21: 70 (1992)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia burkartii
Bacigalupo; Fl. Ilustr. Entre Rios 4b: 126 (2005)
Distribution: Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios)
85 ARG
species :
Euphorbia burmanica
Hook.f.; Hook. Icon. pl. 16: (1886) t. 1546
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce burmanica (Hook.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia burmanni
E.Mey. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 75 (1862)
Distribution: SW-Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: sect. Articulofruticosae
Synonyms: hidden
= Arthrothamnus bergii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 63 (1859)
= Arthrothamnus burmanni E.Mey. ex Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 251, et Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 62 (1860)
= Euphorbia biglandulosa Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. Suppl. 27 (1814), nom. illeg., non Desf. 1808
= Euphorbia burmanni var. karroensis Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 75 (1862)
= Euphorbia corymbosa N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 279 (1915)
= Euphorbia karroensis (Boiss.) N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 290 (1915)
= Euphorbia macella N.E.Br.; Dyer. Fl. Cap. 5: II. 288 (1915)
= Tirucalia burmannii (E.Mey. ex Klotzsch & Garcke) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
= Tirucalia corymbosa (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
= Tirucalia karooensis (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 91 (1996)
= Tirucalia macella (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 91 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia buruana
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 85 (1904)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Euphorbia buschiana
Grossh.; Bot. Zhurn. SSSR 25: 330 (1940)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus buschianus (Grossh.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia bussei
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 286 (1903)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia mbaluensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 85 (1904)
variant :
var. kibwezensis
(N.E.Br.) Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 678 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya; N-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia kibwezensis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 586 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia buxoides
A.R.Sm.; Kew Bull. 25(3): 552 (1971)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Euphorbia bwambensis
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 681 (1987)
Distribution: Uganda
25 UGA
species :
Euphorbia cactus
Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 82 (1862)
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cactus var. tortirama Rauh & Lavranos; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 38: 171 (1966)
= Euphorbia antiquorum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 93
species :
Euphorbia caducifolia
Haines; Indian Forester 40: 154 (1914)
Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Karachi, Baluchistan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh,Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan)
40 IND PAK
species :
Euphorbia caeladenia
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 2, 4: 81 (1859)
Distribution: Tajikistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, EC-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Kabul); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Waziristan)
32 TZK 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia multifurcata Rech. f. [Aellen & Esfand., Anz.Math-Naturw.Kl.Österr.Akad.Wiss.1951: 217 (1951)]
= Euphorbia odontophylla Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. II 4: 82 (1859)
= Euphorbia stocksiana Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 34 (1860)
= Euphorbia stocksiana var. ovata Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 112 (1862)
= Tithymalus caeladenius (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Tithymalus multifurcatus (Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 174 (1972)
= Tithymalus stocksianus (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia caerulescens
Haw.; Phil. Mag. 276 (1826)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ledienii A.Berger; Sukk. Euphorb. 80 (1907)
= Euphorbia ledienii var. dregei N.E.Br.; Fl. Cap. 5(2): 366 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia calamiformis
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 40(4): 824 (1985)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia calamiformis (S.Carter) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia calcarata
(Schltdl.) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65:48 (2003)
Distribution: Vietnam [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala
41 vie 79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus calcaratus Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 255 (1847)
= Pedilanthus ghiesbreghtianus Baill.; Adansonia 1: 340 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Pedilanthus macradenius Donn.Sm.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 19: 263 (1894)
= Pedilanthus purpusii Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 377 (1913)
= Tithymalodes ghiesbreghtianum (Baill.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
= Tithymalus calcaratus (Schltdl.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus macradenius (Donn.Sm.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Tithymalus purpusii (Brandegee) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
species :
Euphorbia calcicola
Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. 36: 496 (1901)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus calcicola (Fernald) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 414 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia calderoniae
V.W.Steinm.; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 175 (2005)
Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia californica
Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 49, t. 238 (1844)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Colima, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Clarion)
79 MEX RGI
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichosterigma californicum (Benth.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 248, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 42 (1860)
= Euphorbia comonduana Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Ser. II. 2: 229 (1889)
= Aklema comonduana (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia caloderma
S.Carter; Cact. Succ. J. (U. S. A.) 72(4): 189 (2000)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Euphorbia calyculata
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 59 (1817)
Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbiodendron calyculatum (Kunth) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 305 (1909)
= Tithymalus calyculatus (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 81 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia calyptrata
Coss. & Durieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 4: 472 (1857), nomen, Boiss. in DC., Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 112
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria); Mauritania
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus calyptratus (Coss. & Durieu) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Euphorbia calyptrata var. involucrata Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 472 (1857)
species :
Euphorbia camagueyensis
(Millsp.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. 9: 217 (1924)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce camagueyensis Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 392 (1914)
= Euphorbia pinariona Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 234 (1930)
= Chamaesyce pinariona (Urb.) Alain; Contrib. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat. Col. `de la Salle´, Habana, No. 11, 12 (1952)
species :
Euphorbia cameronii
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr 6: I. 554 (1911) emend. Bally
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia cameronii (N.E.Br.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia canariensis
L.; Sp. Pl. 450 (1753)
Name: Kanarenkaktus (DE); Cardon canario (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia canariensis f. viridis Kunkel; Monogr. Biol. Canar. 3: 50 (1972)
= Euphorbia canariensis var. spiralis Bolle ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 83 (1862)
= Euphorbia tribuloides Lam.; Encyc. 2: 415 (1788)
= Tithymalus canariensis (L.) H.Karst.; Pharm. Med. Bot. 587
= Torfosidis canariensis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 112 (1836)
species :
Euphorbia candelabrum
Trémaux & Kotschy; Mittheil. Geogr. Gesells. Wien 1: 169 (1857), non Welw. 1855
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia calycina N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 597 (1912)
= Euphorbia confertiflora Volkens; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 2: 266 (1899)
= Euphorbia conspicua N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Africa 6(1): 600, nom. superfl. et illeg. (1912)
= Euphorbia murielii N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 589 (1912)
= Euphorbia reinhardtii Volkens; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 2: 263 (1899)
= Euphorbia tozzii Chiov.; Fl. Somala, II. 407 (1932)
variant :
var. bilocularis
(N.E.Br.) S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(3): 681 (1987)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bilocularis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: t. 594 (1912)
= Euphorbia reinhardtii var. bilocularis (N.E.Br.) Oudejans; World cat. of sp. names publ. in tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiac.) with geogr. distrib.: 5 (1990)
species :
Euphorbia cannellii
L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 2(1): 47 (1974)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia caperata
McVaugh; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 19: 216 (1993)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia caperonioides
R.A.Dyer & P.G.Mey.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 6: 245 (1966)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
species :
Euphorbia capillaris
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 298 (1921)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce capillaris (Gagnep.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia capitellata
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 188 (1858)
Name: Head sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce capitellata (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce pycnanthema (Engelm.) Millsp.; Publ. Feld Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 411 (1916)
= Chamaesyce rusbyi (Greene) Millsp.; (1916)
= Euphorbia chamberlinii I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Ser. IV. 12: 1066 (1924)
= Euphorbia geminiloba Millsp.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Ser. II. 2: 228 (1889)
= Euphorbia gladiosa M.E.Jones; Contrib. West. Bot. No. 15, 144 (1929)
= Euphorbia pycnanthema Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 188 (1858)
= Euphorbia pycnanthema f. serrata Millsp.; (1889)
= Euphorbia rusbyi Greene; (1886)
species :
Euphorbia capitulata
Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 873 (1832)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia; Montenegro; ?Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; Greece
11 ger 13 ALB CRO GRC MNT NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplocyathium capitulatum H.Schmidt; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22: I. 40 (1907)
= Euphorbia soliflora Vis. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 133 (1862)
= Tithymalus capitulatus (Rchb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia capmanambatoensis
Rauh; Kakt. And. Sukk. 46(9): 219 (1995)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cap-saintemariensis
Rauh; Nat. Cact. & Succ. J. 25: 100 (1970)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. cap-saintemariensis (Rauh) Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 371 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia capuronii
Ursch & Leandri; Mem. Inst. Sci. Madag., Ser. B, 5: 170 (1955), et Bull. Soc. Bot. France 103: 608 (1956)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia caput-aureum
Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 73 (1921)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia caput-medusae
L.; Sp. Pl. 452 (1753)
Distribution: SW-Namibia; South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Dactylanthes tuberculata (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 133 (1812)
= Euphorbia bolusii N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 333 (1915)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. geminata Aiton; Hort. Kew., ed. 1, 2: 136 (1789)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. major Aiton; Hort. Kew. 2: 135 (1789)
= Euphorbia caput-medusae var. minor Aiton; Hort. Kew. 2: 135 (1789)
= Euphorbia commelinii DC.; Cat. Hort. Monsp. 110 (1813)
= Euphorbia confluens Nel; Kakteenk., 193 (1933)
= Euphorbia fructus-pini Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 10 (1768)
= Euphorbia fructus-pini var. geminata Sweet; Hort. Brit., ed. 1, 2: 356 (1826)
= Euphorbia geminata (Aiton) Marloth ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. (S. Afr.) 1: 355 (1941) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia macowanii N.E.Br.; Dyer. Fl. Cap. 5: II. 334 (1915)
= Euphorbia marlothiana N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 331 (1915)
= Euphorbia medusae Panz.; Vollst. Pflanzensyst. 14: 109 (1788)
= Euphorbia muirii N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 331 (1915)
= Euphorbia parvimamma Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 86 (1862)
= Euphorbia ramiglans N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 306 (1915)
= Euphorbia ramiglans var. confluens (Nel) van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 16(1): 30 (2020)
= Euphorbia tessellata (Haw.) Steud.; Nom. ex. II. 2: 111 (1821)
= Euphorbia tuberculata Jacq.; Hort. Schoenb. 2: 43, t. 208 (1797)
= Euphorbia tuberculata var. macowanii (N.E.Br.) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 372 (1941)
= Euphorbia tuberculatoides N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 332 (1915)
= Medusea fructus-pini (Mill.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 134 (1812)
= Medusea major Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 134 (1812)
= Medusea tessellata Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 135 (1812)
= Medusea tuberculata (Jacq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 251 (1859)
= Treisia tuberculata (Jacq.) Haw.; Suppl. Pl. Succ. 65 (1819)
species :
Euphorbia careyi
F.Muell.; Fragm. 11: 64 (1879)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia carinifolia
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 524 (1911)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia carinulata
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Euphorbia J. 5: 36 (1988)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia carissoides
F.M.Bailey; Queensl. Agric. J. 16: 449 (1906)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce carissoides (F.M.Bailey) D.C.Hassall ex P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
species :
Euphorbia carniolica
Jacq.; Fl. Austr. 5: 34 (1778)
Name: Kärntner Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; W-European Russia; Ukraine
11 AUT ger SWI 13 CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ambigua Waldst. & Kit.; Ic. Pl. Hung. 2: 144, t. 135 (1799)
= Euphorbia angulata var. expansa (Janka) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 128 (1862)
= Euphorbia carniolica f. expansa (Janka) Prodan; (1953)
= Euphorbia carniolica subsp. expansa (Janka) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 649 (1881)
= Euphorbia carniolica var. ambigua (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 649 (1881)
= Euphorbia carniolica var. expansa (Janka) Porcius; Enum. Pl. Phan. Naszód. 51 (1878)
= Euphorbia expansa Janka; Linnaea 30: 600 (1859 publ. 1860)
= Galarhoeus carniolicus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 148 (1812)
= Tithymalus carniolicus (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115, in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 77 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia carpatica
Wolosz.; Spraw. Kom. Fizyogr. Krakow. 27: 153 (1892)
Distribution: Poland; Hungary; Romania; Ukraine
11 HUN POL 13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus carpaticus (Wolosz.) A. & D.Löve; Bot. Notiser, cxiv. 40 (1961)
= Euphorbia carpatica Wolosz. ex Pilát; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 54: B, 337 (1935), descr. emend.
species :
Euphorbia carteriana
P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 19: 148 (1964)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia carunculata
Waterf.; Rhodora 50: 63 (1948)
Name: Sanddune sandmat
Distribution: USA (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)
74 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce carunculata (Waterf.) Shinners; Field & Lab. 20: 24 (1952)
species :
Euphorbia carunculifera
L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 44: 190 (1970)
subspecies :
subsp. carunculifera
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia carunculifera (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
subspecies :
subsp. subfastigiata
L.C.Leach; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 2(1): 51 (1974)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia carunculifera var. fasciata P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996), nom. nov.
species :
Euphorbia cashmeriana
Royle; Illustr. Bot. Himalaya. 329, t. 82 (1836)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Qunduz, Samangan, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Waziristan, Chitral); India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh)
34 AFG 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia consanguinea Klotzsch; Bot. Ergeb. Waldem. Reise, 114 (1862)
= Euphorbia edgeworthii Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 120 (1862)
= Tithymalus edgeworthii (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 172 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cassia
Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 12: 108 (1853)
subspecies :
subsp. cassia
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cassia (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 67 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. rigoi
(Freyn) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr. ser. 2, 1(2): 120 (1914)
Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus)
34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rigoi Boiss. ex Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 987 (1898)
= Euphorbia cypria Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia troodii Post; (1900)
species :
Euphorbia cassythoides
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 20 (1860)
Name: Leafless Cuban spurge (Bahamas)
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 BAH CAY CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia cassythoides (Boiss.) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 88 (1996)
= Arthrothamnus cassythoides (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. ii 306 (1909)
species :
Euphorbia catamarcensis
(Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 150 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, San Juan, San Luis)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce catamarcensis Croizat; J. Arn. Arb. 24: 187 (1943)
species :
Euphorbia cataractarum
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 379 (1987)
Distribution: W-Tanzania; N-Zambia
25 TAN 26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia catenata
(S.Carter) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: S-Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium catenatum S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(4): 905 (1987)
species :
Euphorbia cattimandoo
W.Elliott ex Wight; Ic. t. 1993 (1853)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Euphorbia caucasica
Dubovik; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. (Kiev), 1976: 96 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
species :
Euphorbia caudiculosa
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 154 (1862)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); ?Syria
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus caudiculosus (Boiss.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 147 (1933), inobs.
species :
Euphorbia cayensis
Millsp.; Torreya 4: 172 (1904)
Name: Bahama spurge
Distribution: Bahamas (San Salvador Isl., Andros Isl., Berrys Isl., Abaco Isl., Grand Bahama Isl.); Anguilla
81 AGU BAH
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cayensis (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 301 (1909)
= Euphorbia bracei Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 159 (1906)
= Chamaesyce bracei (Millsp.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 302 (1909)
species :
Euphorbia cedrorum
Rauh & Hebding; Succulentes, 1993(4): 5 (1993)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia celastroides
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 11 (1862)
Distribution: Hawaii (Nihoa, Niihau, Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides (Boiss.) Croizat & O.Deg.; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. haupuana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. humbertii (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kealiana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. nematopoda (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia celastroides var. haupuana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. humbertii Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. kealiana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. nematopoda Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. celastroides A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 202 (1867)
variant :
var. amplectens
Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 598 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Kahoolawe Isl., Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides f. kahanana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. amplectens (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. halawana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. ingrata (Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kohalana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. saxicola (Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. waikoluensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce multiformis var manoana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia celastroides f. kahanana Sherff
= Euphorbia celastroides var. arenisaxosa H.St.John; Phytologia 63(6): 466 (1987)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. halawana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. ingrata O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Leafl. 9: 7 (1954)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. kohalana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 595 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. saxicola O.Deg. & Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 596 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. waikoluensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. manoana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 591 (1936)
variant :
var. hanapepensis
Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 597 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. hanapepensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. nelsonii (H.St.John) V.S.Raju & Rao; Phytologia 40(5): 391 (1978)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. limahuliensis H.St.John; Phytologia 64(6): 487 (1988)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. nelsonii H.St.John; Pac. Sci. 30(1): 15 (1976)
= Euphorbia rivularis A.Heller; Minnes. Bot. Stud. 1: 846
variant :
var. kaenana
Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 594 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered, USA Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. niuensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Euphorbia celastroides var. niuensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 598 (1936)
variant :
var. laehiensis
Deg., Deg. & Sherff; (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, East Maui)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. laehiensis (O.Deg., I.Deg. & Sherff) Koutnik; Brittonia 37(4): 398 (1985)
variant :
var. lorifolia
(A.Gray ex Mann) Sherff; (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Lanai, Maui)
63 HAW
Conservation Status: 1999 Conservation Status: Vulnerable
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. lorifolia (A.Gray ex Mann) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. mauiensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. odonatoides (O.Deg. & Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce lorifolia (A.Gray) Croizat & O.Deg.; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. mauiensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 601 (1936)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. odonatoides O.Deg. & Sherff; Amer. J. Bot. 38: 55 (1951)
= Euphorbia lorifolia Hillebr.; Fl. Haw. Isl. 395 (1888)
= Euphorbia multiformis var. lorifolia A.Gray ex H.Mann; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 202 (1867)
variant :
var. stokesii
(C.N.Forbes) Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 593 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Niihau, Kauai, Molokai, Kahoolawe)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. moomomiana (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce celastroides var. stokesii (C.N.Forbes) O.Deg. & I.Deg.; Fl. Hawaiiensis 190: s. p. (1959)
= Euphorbia celastroides var. moomomiana Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 593 (1936)
= Euphorbia stokesii C.N.Forbes; Occas. Papers Bishop Mus., Honolulu 5: No. 3, 26 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia celata
R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 11(3): 278 (1974)
Distribution: S-Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Pseudeuphorbium
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia miscella L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 50(3): 341 (1984)
= Euphorbia namuskluftensis L.C.Leach; J. S. Afr. Bot. 49(3): 189 (1983)
species :
Euphorbia celerieri
(Emb.) Emb. ex Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Cherif., No. 6, 143 (1953)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: segetalis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pinea subsp. celerieri Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 11: 182 (1931)
= Euphorbia segetalis subsp. celerieri (Emb.) Emb. & Maire
= Tithymalus celerieri (Emb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia centralis
B.G.Thomson; Nuytsia 8(3): 353 (1992)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce centralis (B.G.Thomson) P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
species :
Euphorbia centunculoides
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 51 (1817)
Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba
81 BAH CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum centunculoides (Kunth) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 38 (1860)
= Chamaesyce centunculoides (Kunth) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
= Chamaesyce insulisalis Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 395 (1914)
= Chamaesyce pachypoda (Urb.) Alain; Contrib. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat. Col. `de la Salle´, Habana, No. 11, 12 (1952)
= Euphorbia pachypoda Urb.; Symb. Antill. 9: 216 (1924)
species :
Euphorbia ceratocarpa
Ten.; Fl. Nap. 1, Prodr. 28 (1811)
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily
13 ITA SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia muscosa Ten.; (1811)
= Euphorbia orientalis Bertol.; Fl. It. 5: 75
= Tithymalus ceratocarpus (Ten.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cereiformis
L.; Sp. Pl. 451 (1753)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.?)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia leviana Croizat; (1934)
= Euphorbia polygonata G.Lodd.; Bot. Cab. 14: t. 1344 (1828)
species :
Euphorbia ceroderma
I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Ser. IV. 12: 1066 (1924)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cerralvensis
Maya-Lastra & V.W.Steinm.; Phytotaxa 221(3): 271 (2015)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cervicornu
Baill.; Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 2: 878 (1890)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; São Tomé; Congo [Brazzaville]
22 NGA 23 CMN CON SAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia quintasii Pax; Bolet. Soc. Broyt 10: 156 (1892)
= Euphorbia zenkeri Pax; (1897)
= Euphorbia calabarica Burkill; (1901)
species :
Euphorbia cespitosa
Lam.; Encyc. 2: 421 (1788)
Distribution: Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Florida Prov., Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cespitosus (Lam.)Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus.(Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Euphorbia cespitosa var. angustifolia Hauman; Fac. Filos. Letras Buenos Aires, Publ. Inst. Inves 10: 32 (1925)
variant :
var. ventanicola
(Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 209 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cespitosa subsp. ventanicola Croizat; (1943)
species :
Euphorbia cestrifolia
Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 59 (1817)
Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Quindío, Valle); Bolivia (La Paz)
82 CLM 83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia goudotii Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 106 (1862)
= Euphorbiodendron goudotii (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 306 (1909)
species :
Euphorbia chaborasica
Gomb.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 102: 339 (1956)
Distribution: Iraq (NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira)
34 IRQ LEB SYR
Remarks: petrophila agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus chaborasius (Gomb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Euphorbia mesopotamica M.L.S.Khan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 24: 233 (1963)
= Tithymalus mesopotamicus (M.L.S.Khan) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 174 (1972)
variant :
var. nazarena
Mouterde
Distribution: Syria
34 SYR
species :
Euphorbia chaculana
Donn.Sm.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 27: 441 (1899)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Euphorbia chaetocalyx
(Boiss. ex Wooton & Standl.) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 48: 40 (1935)
Name: Bristlecup sandmat
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chaetocalyx (Boiss.) Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. US. Natl. Herb. 16: 144 (1913)
= Chamaesyce fendleri var. chaetocalyx (Boiss.) Shinners
= Euphorbia fendleri var. chaetocalyx Boiss.; (1862)
species :
Euphorbia chamaecaula
Weath.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 426 (1910)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chamaecaula (Weath.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia chamaeclada
Ule; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 224 (1908)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia chamaepeplus
Boiss. & Gaill.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 4: 88 (1859)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert); Iraq (NE-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, Negev Desert, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Kuwait
20 EGY 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR 35 KUW SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus chamaepeplus (Boiss. & Gaill.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Euphorbia chamaepeplus var. sinaica Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Euphorbia sinaica Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Euphorbia chamaepeplus var. angustifolia Danin; Bocconea 3: 104 (1992)
species :
Euphorbia chamaerrhodos
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 3 (1860)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Concepcion, Misiones, Paraguari)
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum nanum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 32 (1860)
= Chamaesyce chamaerrhodos (Boiss.) Croizat; J. Arn. Arb. 24: 184 (1943)
= Chamaesyce nana (Klotzsch & Garcke) M.P.Simmons & W.J.Hayden; Brittonia 49(2): 166 (1997)
= Euphorbia chamaerrhodos var. hirsuta Chodat & Hassl.
= Euphorbia nana Klotzsch ex Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 8 (1860), nomen
species :
Euphorbia chamaesula
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 38 (1860)
Name: Mountain spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chamaesula var. subdentata (Engelm.) Norton; (1899)
= Euphorbia esuliformis var. subdentata Engelm.; (1858)
= Tithymalus chamaesula Wooton & Standl.; Contrib. U, S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia chamaesyce
L.; Sp. Pl. 455 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. chamaesyce
Name: Graue Schiefblattwolfsmilch (DE); Chirriguela cana (ES); Prostrate Spurge (EN)
Distribution: Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Great Southwestern Desert); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago); Botswana [I]; South Africa [I]; Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iraq: Desert); Afghanistan (Balkh, Herat, Kabul); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Kurram); Peru [I]
11 aut ger net swi 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY CVI 27 bot saf swz 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 40 PAK 83 per
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum chamaesyce (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 160 (1812)
= Anisophyllum vaticanum Gand.
= Chamaesyce canescens (L.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 15, in clavi, 19(1933)
= Chamaesyce canescens subsp. glabra (Roep.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce chamaesyce (L.) Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 283 (1954)
= Chamaesyce libassii (Lojac.) Giardina & Raimondo; Bocconea 20:11 (2007)
= Chamaesyce vulgaris Prokh.; Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 8 (1941), nom. nov.
= Ditrita rotundifolia Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)
= Euphorbia canescens L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 652 (1762)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce f. glabra (Roep.) Hegi & Beger; 145 (1924)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subsp. canescens (L.) Ces.; Car. Catt., 312 (1844)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subsp. canescens (L.) Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 119 (1914), isonym
= Euphorbia chamaesyce subf. integrifolia (Thell.) Hegi & Beger; 145 (1924)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. canescens (L.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 35 (1862), isonym
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. canescens (L.) Sm.; 324 (1809)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabra C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 196 (1833), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabra Roep.; Enum. Euphorb. Germ. Pannon.: 38 (1824)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabriuscula Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 3: 489 (1877)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. integrifolia Thell.; 759 (1907)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. pilosa C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 196 (1833)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. pilosa Roep.; Bot. Gall. (1824)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. villosa M.Loehr; Duby, 589 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Euphorbia libassii Lojac.; Fl. Sicula 2(2): 329 (1907)
= Euphorbia perforata Tineo ex Lojac.; Fl. Sic. 2: II. 329 (1907)
= Euphorbia pinnulosa Lojac.; Fl. Sicula 2(2): 329 (1907)
= Euphorbia prostrata Burch. ex Hemsl.; Bot. Challeng. 1: II. 82 (1884)
= Euphorbia rosea Roxb.; Beatson, Sl. Hel. Tracts, 308
= Euphorbia vaticana Gand.; Nov. Consp. Fl. Eur. 417 (1910)
= Tithymalus chamaesyce (L.) Moench; Meth. 666 (1794)
= Tithymalus nummularis Lam.; Fl. Fr. 3: 101 (1779)
= Xamesike vulgaris Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Xamesike xamobala Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1836)
subspecies :
subsp. massiliensis
(DC.) Thell.; Asch. & Graebn., Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 7: 457 (1917)
Name: Marseiller Schiefblattwolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; S-Spain; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; ?Tunisia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan
11 ger 12 SAR SPA 13 BUL CRO GRC ITA ROM SIC 14 KRY UKR 20 MOR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce canescens subsp. massiliensis (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nar Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce massiliensis (DC.) Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 299 (1974)
= Chamaesyce vulgaris subsp. massiliensis (DC.) Benedí & J.J.Orell; Collect. Bot. 21: 46 (1992), et 22: 151 (1993)
= Euphorbia chamaesyce var. massiliensis (DC.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 265 (1936)
= Euphorbia massiliensis DC.; Fl. Fr. 6: 357 (1815)
= Euphorbia massiliensis var. villosa DC.; Fl. Franc. éd. 3 6: 357 (1815)
species :
Euphorbia chamaesycoides
B.Nord.; Dinteria 11: 20 (1974)
Distribution: Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: sect. Anisophyllum, subsect. Hypericifoliae
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce chamaesycoides (B.Nord.) Koutnik; S. Afr. J. Bot. 3(4): 263 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia chamanbidensis
Nasseh; Nordic J. Bot. 36(5)-e01413: 27 (2018)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia chamissonis
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 14 (1862)
Distribution: Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Java [I]; New Caledonia (widespread); Fiji; American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu’u, Ofu, Ta’u); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Islands); Tuvalu (Nui Atoll); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa, Tabiteuea, Onotoa, Beru); Nauru; Tuamotu Arch. (Makatea Isl.); Palau (Kayangel, Babeldaob, Urukthapel, Ngeanges, Angaur, Sonsorol, Pulu Anna); Northern Marianas (Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Woleai, Ifalik, Satawal, Puluwat, Namonuito, Nomwin, Fefan, Fanano, Shiki Isl., Nama, Lukunor, Satawan, Kapingamarangi, Pohnpei, Pingelap); Marshall Isl. (Enewetok, Bikini, Utirik, Ujelang, Ujae, Wotho, Lae, Kwajalein, Ailuk, Likiep, Aur, Ailinglapalap, Arno, Majuro, Jaluit)
38 JAP NNS 42 jaw 60 ASA FIJ GIL NRU NWC SAM TUV 61 TUA 62 GUM MIC MRN MRS PLU
Remarks: see also E. atoto and E. pallens which are often confused
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum chamissonis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1859 22 (1860)
= Chamaesyce chamissonis (Klotzsch & Garcke) F.C.Ho; Trop. Pl. Taiwan in Colour 3: 28, 355 (1982)
species :
Euphorbia chapmanii
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), nom. nov.
Name: Chapman´s spurge
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia nudicaulis Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S. 402 (1825), non Perr.
species :
Euphorbia characias
L.; Sp. Pl. 463 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. characias
Name: Palisaden-Wolfsmilch (DE); Mediterranean Spurge (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Libya; East Aegaean Isl.; USA [I] (California [I]); Argentina [I]
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH GRC ITA KRI MNT NMA SIC sma SRB TUE 20 LBY MOR 34 EAI 76 usa 85 arg
Remarks: characias agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Characias purpurea (Lam.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821)
= Esula characias (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia characias subsp. veneta (Willd.) Litard.; Briq., Prodr. Fl. Corse 2(2): 99 (1936)
= Euphorbia characias var. eriocarpa (Bertol.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 651 (1881)
= Euphorbia characias var. lusitanica O.Bolòs; Mem. Soc. Brot. 21: 325 (1971)
= Euphorbia characias var. veneta (Willd.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia cretica Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. VIII. n. 28 (1768)
= Euphorbia cuatrecasasii Pau; (1929)
= Euphorbia eriocarpa Bertol.; Nov. Comm. Acad. Sci. Bonon. 3: 174 (1839)
= Euphorbia veneta Hayek & Willd.; Enum. Hort. Berol. 507 (1809)
= Galarhoeus creticus (Mill.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 149 (1812)
= Tithymalus characias (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus purpureus Lam.; Fl. Fr. 3: 98 (1779)
= Tithymalus serotina Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115 (1838)
= Tithymalus venetus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 95 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. wulfenii
(Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch) Radcl.-Sm.; Feddes Repert. 79(1-2): 55 (1968)
Name: Wulfens Wolfsmilch
Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); New Zealand [I]
13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA MNT NMA SIC SLV SRB TUE 34 EAI TUR 51 nzl
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia characias Sibth. & Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prod. 1: 332 (non L.)
= Euphorbia characias var. melapetala (Gasp. ex Guss.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 289 (1901)
= Euphorbia lycia Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 172 (1862)
= Euphorbia melapetala Gasp.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Boccad. (1830) 3, ex Guss. Suppl. Fl. Sic. Prod. 152 (1827)
= Euphorbia melapetala var. leiocarpa Guss. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 172 (1862)
= Euphorbia messeniaca Heldr. ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 3: 104 (1904)
= Euphorbia sibthorpii Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 39 (1860)
= Euphorbia wulfenii Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 628 (1837)
= Tithymalus melapetalus (Gasp.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 81 (1860)
= Tithymalus sibthorpii (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 176 (1972)
= Tithymalus wulfenii (Hoppe ex W.D.J.Koch) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4), 177 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia charleswilsoniana
V.Vlk; Kaktusy (Brno) 33(2): 47 (1997), nom. nov.
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia wilsonii V.Vlk; Kaktusy (Brno) 33(1): 23 (1997), homonym, non Correll (1980)
species :
Euphorbia cheiradenia
Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 1, 12: 112(1853)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 IRN IRQ JOR SYR TUR
Remarks: petrophila agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia bothriosperma Boiss. & Kotschy ex Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 36 (1860)
= Euphorbia schizadenia Boiss. & Hohen. ex Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 12: 113 (1853)
= Tithymalus cheiradenius (Boiss. & Hohen.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 98 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cheirolepioides
Rech.f.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 15 4: 48 (1955)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cheirolepioides (Rech.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cheirolepis
Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 558 (1850)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Faryab); Pakistan (Baluchistan)
32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum cheirolepis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 21 (1860)
= Cystidospermum cheirolepis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 13, in clavi, 26 (1933)
= Dematra cheirolepis (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148 (3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Euphorbia cheirolepis var. heterophylla Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 70 (1862)
species :
Euphorbia chenopodifolia
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 1264 (1866)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Euphorbia chersonesa
Huft; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71(4): 1023 (1984 publ. 1985)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia chevalieri
(N.E.Br.) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 CAF ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium chevalieri N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 1035 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia chimaera
Lipsky; Acta Hort. Tiflis 4: 444 (1899)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus
33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chimaera var. kimmerica Lipsky; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 4: 444 (1899)
= Tithymalus chimaerus (Lipsky) Galushko; Fl. Severn. Kavkaza Vopr. Ist. 3: 56 (1979)
species :
Euphorbia chiribensis
V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Aliso 16: 52 (1997)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia christophei
Rebmann; Bull. Obregonia 2023: 25 (2023)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cinerascens
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 186 (1858)
Name: Ashy sandmat
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cinerascens (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 710 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia citrina
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45(2): 331 (1990)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
species :
Euphorbia clandestina
Jacq.; Hort. Schoenb. 4: 43, t. 484 (1804)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia clarae
(Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium clarae Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 59(3-4): 478 (1989)
species :
Euphorbia clarkeana
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 253 (1887)
Distribution: Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Lahore, Jhelum, Baltistan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh); Maldives
40 IND MDV PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce clarkeana (Hook.f.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia classenii
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Kew Bull. 29(3): 507 (1974)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia clava
Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. 1: 9, t. 85 (1784)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia canaliculata Lam.; Encyc. 2: 417 (1788)
= Euphorbia clavata Salisb.; Prod. 389 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Euphorbia coronata Thunb.; Prodr. Fl. Cap. 2: 86 (1800)
= Euphorbia haworthii Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. I. 357 (1826) (nom. illeg.)
= Treisia clava (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 131 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia clavarioides
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 25 (1860)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia basutica Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 1: 408 (1910)
= Euphorbia clavarioides var. truncata (N.E.Br.) A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. 309 (1941)
= Euphorbia truncata N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 309 (1915)
species :
Euphorbia clavidigitata
Gage; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 239 (1914)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Euphorbia clavigera
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 362 (1915)
Distribution: Mozambique; South Africa (E-Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia persistens R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. South Africa 18: t. 713 (1938)
= Euphorbia umfoloziensis Peckover; Aloe 28(2): 37 (1991)
species :
Euphorbia claytonioides
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 533 (1897)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Remarks: sect. Tenellae
species :
Euphorbia clementei
Boiss.; Elenchus 82 (1838)
subspecies :
subsp. clementei
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: clementei agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia atlantica Coss. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 130 (1862)
= Euphorbia atlantica var. leiocarpa Boiss.; Prodr. [DC.] 15(2): 130 (1862)
= Euphorbia atlantica var. major Boiss.; Prodr. [DC.] 15(2): 130 (1862)
= Euphorbia atlantis Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 32: 215 (1941)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. leiocarpa (Boiss.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. major (Boiss.) Oudejans; Collect. Bot. 21: 184 (1992)
= Euphorbia clementei Bourg. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 131 (1862)
= Euphorbia clementei f. hozmariensis Pau; (1924)
= Euphorbia clementei f. maroccana (Maire) Vindt; (1953)
= Euphorbia clementei var. angustifolia Lange; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 260 (1893)
= Euphorbia clementei var. maroccana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 228 (1935)
= Euphorbia rupicola var. clementei (Boiss.) Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 68 (1922)
= Euphorbia squamigera subsp. clementei (Boiss.) Losa & Vindt; Arch. Inst. Aclim. Cons. Super. Invest. Ci. 13: 105 (1968)
= Euphorbia tetuanensis Pau; Le Monde des Plantes 30: No. 181, 1 (1929)
= Euphorbia verrucosa Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 383
= Tithymalus atlantis (Maire) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 170 (1972)
= Tithymalus clementei (Boiss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 76 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. villosa
(Faure & Maire) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché; Candollea 51(1): 67 (1996)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia clementei var. villifolia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.26: 229 (1935)
= Euphorbia atlantica var. villosa Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 202 (1929)
= Euphorbia atlantis var. villosa (Faure & Maire) Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sdr. Bot. 2: 69 (1953)
subspecies :
subsp. faurei
(Maire) Vicens, Molero & C.Blanché; Candollea 51(1): 66 (1996)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia squamigera var. faurei Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 215 (1932)
species :
Euphorbia clivicola
R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 6: 221 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. clivicola
Distribution: S-Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
subspecies :
subsp. calcritica
Bruyns; Phytotaxa 436(3): 207 (2020)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
species :
Euphorbia clusiifolia
Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beech. Voy. 95 (1832)
Distribution: Hawaii (Oahu)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum nodosum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 22 (1860)
= Chamaesyce clusiifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Chamaesyce forbesii (Sherff) Croizat & O.Deg.; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Euphorbia forbesii Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 582 (1936)
species :
Euphorbia coalcomanensis
(Croizat) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Michoacan, Nayarit)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus coalcomanensis Croizat; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 33: 19 (1943)
species :
Euphorbia coccinea
B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 228 (1821)
Distribution: NW-India (Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce coccinea (B.Heyne ex Roth) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia coerulans
Pax; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 739 (1898)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia coghlanii
F.M.Bailey; Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensl. 13: 12 (1896)
Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce coghlanii (F.M.Bailey) D.C.Hassall ex P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.; Novon 5(4): 323 (1995)
species :
Euphorbia collenetteae
Al-Zahrani & El Karemy; Edinburgh J. Bot. 64(2): 131 (2007)
Distribution: Sudan; Eritrea; Saudi Arabia
24 ERI SUD 35 SAU
species :
Euphorbia colletioides
Benth.; Bot. Sulph. Voy. 163 (1846)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema colletioides (Benth.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Aklema plicata (S.Watson) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Euphorbia junciformis Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexico. ed. 2, 122 (1894) (inciformis)
= Euphorbia ligustrina Boiss.; (1860)
= Euphorbia padifolia Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 54 (1914) non (L.) Guss.
= Euphorbia plicata S.Watson; Proc. Am. Acad. 21: 438 (1886), et 22: 450 (1887)
= Euphorbia recta Klotzsch; Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 277 (1856)
species :
Euphorbia colliculina
A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. (S. Afr.) 1: 401 2: App. A, 963 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia colligata
V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus connatus Dressler & Sacamano; Acta Bot. Mex. 18: 21 (1992)
species :
Euphorbia collina
Phil.; Linnaea 29: 41 (1857 publ. 1858)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Cordoba, La Pampa, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Magallanes)
84 BRA 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides subsp. collina (Phil.) Croizat; (1943)
= Tithymalus collinus (Phil.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. andina
(Phil.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 214 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen, Santa Cruz); Chile (Maule, Araucanía, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia andina Phil.; Linnaea 29: 41 (1857)
= Euphorbia dasyclada Dusén; Scott, Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patag. 8: Suppl. 169 (1914)
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. andensis Croizat; (1943)
variant :
var. chrysophylla
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 215 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chrysophylla (Klotzsch & Boiss.) Klotzsch ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 194 (1862)
= Tithymalus chrysophyllus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 72 (1860)
= Tithymalus collinus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 93 (1860)
variant :
var. glaucescens
(Chodat & Wilczek) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 217 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. glaucescens Chodat & Wilczek; (1906)
variant :
var. minor
(Hicken) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 218 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen, Santa Cruz); Chile (Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. minor Hicken; (1922)
variant :
var. nahuelhuapina
(Croizat) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 219 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides subsp. nahuelhuapina Croizat; (1943)
variant :
var. patagonica
(Hieron.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 219 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia patagonica Hieron.; Bol. Acad. Nac. Cordova. 3: 337 (1879)
variant :
var. spathulata
(Chodat & Wilcz.) Subils; Kurtziana 10: 220 (1977)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro); Chile (Aisén)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia portulacoides var. spathulata Chodat & Wilcz.; (1906)
species :
Euphorbia colorata
Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 190 (1858)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Poinsettia colorata (Engelm.) Dressler; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 48: 336 (1962)
species :
Euphorbia colubrina
P.R.O.Bally & S.Carter; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 39(3): t. 3868 (1982)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia columnaris
P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 19: 151 (1964)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia commutata
Engelm. ex A.Gray; Man. Bot. N. U. St. ed. II. 389 (1856)
Name: Tinted woodland spurge
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia austrina (Small) Jabl.; Phytologia 28: 127 (1974)
= Euphorbia commutata var. erecta Norton; (1899)
= Euphorbia ohiotica Steud. & Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 142 (1862)
= Galarhoeus austrina (Small) Small; Man. Southeast. Fl. 801 (1933)
= Galarhoeus commutatus (Engelm.) Small ex Rydb.; Fl. Prairies & Plains Centr. N. Amer. 520 (1932)
= Galarhoeus commutatus var. erectus (Norton) Small
= Tithymalus austrinus Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 720 (1903)
= Tithymalus commutatus (Engelm.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 82 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia comosa
Vell.; Fl. Flum. 202 5: t. 15 (1825 publ. 1829)
Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Falcon, Guarico, Merida, Sucre, Trujillo, Zulia); ?Surinam; NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
82 CLM VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia lupulina Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 23 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia complanata
Warb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 18: 196 (1894)
Distribution: New Guinea [I]
42 nwg
species :
Euphorbia compressa
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 41 (1862)
Distribution: Venezuela (Aragua, Guarico)
82 VEN
species :
Euphorbia concanensis
Janarth. & S.R.Yadav; Rheedea 5(2): 148 (1995)
Distribution: India (Maharashtra, Goa)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce concanensis (Janarth. & S.R.Yadav) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 91 (2004)
= Chamaesyce concanensis (Janarth. & S.R.Yadav) S.R.Dutta & M.R.Almeida; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 100(2-3): 580 (2003)
species :
Euphorbia condylocarpa
M.B.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 377 (1808)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: apios agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia amplexicaulis Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 3: 567 (1850) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia cardiophylla Boiss. & Heldr. ex Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 12: 107 (1853)
= Tithymalus cardiophyllus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Klotzsch & Garcke; (1860)
= Tithymalus amplexicaulis Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 80 (1860)
= Tithymalus condylocarpus (M.Bieb.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 78 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia conferta
(Small) B.E.Sm.; J. Elisa Mitchell Sci. Soc. 62: 82 (1946)
Name: Everglade Key sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce conferta Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 713 (1903)
= Euphorbia conferta (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 44 (1989), isonym
species :
Euphorbia confinalis
R.A.Dyer; Bothalia 6: 222 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. confinalis
Name: Lebombo Euphorbia (EN)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 SAF
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
subspecies :
subsp. rhodesiaca
L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 32: 174 (1966)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia congestiflora
L.C.Leach; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 44: 197 (1970)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Tirucalli
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia congestifolia (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia coniosperma
Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 196 (1860)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran)
33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ancyrensis Azn. ex Khan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 25: 106 (1964)
= Tithymalus ancyrensis (Azn. ex Khan) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4). 170 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia connata
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 112(1862)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Euphorbia consanguinea
Schrenk; Enum. Pl. Nav. 1: 88 (1841)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Tajikistan
32 KAZ TKM TZK
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus consanguineus (Schrenk) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 64 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia consoquitlae
Brandegee; Univ. Calif Publ. Bot. 7: 327 (1920)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia contorta
L.C.Leach; Kirkia 4: 17 (1964)
Distribution: N-Mozambique
26 MOZ
species :
Euphorbia convolvuloides
Hochst. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 46 (1862)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Malawi
22 BEN BKN GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN CON 24 CHA ETH SUD 26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum convolvuloides Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 34 (1860)
= Euphorbia prieuriana Baill.; Adansonia 1: 61 (1860 publ. 1861)
= Chamaesyce prieuriana (Baill.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia conzattii
V.W.Steinm.
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cooperi
N.E.Br. ex A.Berger; Sukk. Euph. 83 (1907)
Name: Transvaal Candelabra Tree
Distribution: Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Euphorbia
variant :
var. calidicola
L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 36: 34 (1970)
Distribution: Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MLW MOZ ZIM
variant :
var. ussanguensis
(N.E.Br.) L.C.Leach; J. S. African Bot. 36: 31 (1970)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ussanguensis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 587 (1912)
species :
Euphorbia copiapina
Phil.; Linnaea 29: 42 (1857)
Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia subumbellata Steud. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 103 (1862)
= Euphorbia calderensis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 91: 510 (1895)
species :
Euphorbia corallioides
L.; Sp. Pl. 460 (1753)
Name: Korallen-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; C-Italy; S-Italy; Sicily; +Algeria
10 grb 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia denudata Bertol.; Fl. It. 5: 91 (1842)
= Euphorbia corallioides var. denudata Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 117 (1862)
= Galarhoeus coralloides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 146 (1812)
= Tithymalus coralloides (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 115
species :
Euphorbia cordeiroae
P.Carrillo & V.W.Steinm.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(2): 170 (2011)
Distribution: Brazil (Goiás)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia cordellata
Haw.; Misc. 185
Distribution: South America
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidaria cordellata Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 136 (1812)
= Pedilanthus cordellatus (Haw.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. 355 (1826)
= Tithymalodes cordellatum (Haw.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
species :
Euphorbia cordifolia
Elliott; Sketch 2: 656 (1821)
Name: Heartleaf sandmat
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cordifolia (Elliott) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 709 (1903)
= Euphorbia ludoviciana Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 111 (1817)
species :
Euphorbia cornastra
(Dressler) Radcl.-Sm.; Kew Bull. 32(2): 482 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Poinsettia cornastra Dressler; Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. 35: 17 (1975)
species :
Euphorbia corneliae
Bruyns; Haseltonia 25: 48, figs. 25-27 (2018)
Distribution: SW-Namibia
27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Esula, sect. Esula
species :
Euphorbia corniculata
R.A.Dyer; Fl. Pl. Afr. 27: t. 1076 (1949)
Distribution: NE-Mozambique
26 MOZ
species :
Euphorbia cornigera
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 122 (1862)
Distribution: N-Pakistan (Swat, Dir, Hazara, Murree); NW-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia pilosa var. cornigera (Boiss.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 261 (1887)
variant :
var. cognata
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Binojk. & N.P.Balakr.; Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 266 (2007)
Distribution: Pakistan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphdrbia pilosa var. cognata (Klotzseh ex Klotzseh & Garcke) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 261 (1887)
= Euphorbia cognata (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 120 (1862)
= Tithymalus cognatus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 66 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia corollata
L.; Sp. Pl. 459 (1753)
Name: Flowering spurge
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Agaloma corollata (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 117 (1836)
= Agaloma marylandica House; Am. Midl. Nat. 7: 130 (1921)
= Agaloma olivacea (Small) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Nat. 2: 300 (1912)
= Euphorbia corollata var. angustifolia Elliott; (1824)
= Euphorbia corollata var. grandiflora Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia corollata var. hirsuta McNab; (1835)
= Euphorbia corollata var. joorii Norton; (1898)
= Euphorbia corollata var. subpetiolata Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia corollata var. viridiflora Farw.; (1923)
= Euphorbia discolor Bertol.; Misc. Bot. 10: 37 (1850)
= Euphorbia marilandica Greene; Pittonia 3: 345 (1898)
= Euphorbia olivacea Small; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 613 (1898)
= Galarhoeus corollatus (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 146 (1812)
= Tithymalopsis angustifolia Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Tithymalopsis corollata (L.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 717 (1903)
= Tithymalopsis corollatus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 249 (1859)
= Tithymalopsis marilandica (Greene) Small
= Tithymalopsis olivacea Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 717 (1903)
= Tithymalus marilandicus (Greene) Small; (1903)
species :
Euphorbia correllii
M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 130 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, ?Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus correllii (Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia corsica
Req.; Ann. Sci. Nat. 5: 384 (1825)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
Remarks: corsica agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia rigida Loisel.; Mem. Soc. L. Par. 6: 414 (1827)
= Tithymalus corsicus (Req.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague) 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cossoniana
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 135 (1862)
Distribution: Morocco; N-Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cossonianus (Boiss.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4). 171 (1972)
= Euphorbia cossoniana var. maroccana Batt.; Contr. Fl. AtI.: 80 (1919)
species :
Euphorbia cotinifolia
L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 453 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. cotinifolia
Name: Poison Spurge
Distribution: Guinea [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; D.R.Congo [Zaire] [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I]); Taiwan [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cayman Isl.; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Montserrat; Martinique; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Tobago; Trinidad; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Peru
22 ben bkn gui 23 cmn zai 36 chi 38 tai 79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BON CAY CUR HIS MAR MTS PUE STV TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema cotinifolia (L.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 416 (1916)
= Aklema scotanum Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Aklema yavalquahuitl (Schltdl.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist, A Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 417 (1916)
= Alectoroctonum caracasanum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 40 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum cotinifolium Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Alectoroctonum riedelianum Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 41 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum scotanum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Alectoroctonum willdenowii Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 41 (1860)
= Alectoroctonum yavalquahuitl Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 252 (1847)
= Euphorbia caracasana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 60 (1862)
= Euphorbia cotinifolia (L.) Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 2: 46 (1817)
= Euphorbia scotanum Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 250 (1847)
= Euphorbia scotanum var. yavalquahuitl Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia venenata Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 250 (1847)
= Tithymalus cotinifolius (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 141 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. cotinoides
(Miq.) Christenh.; Harvard Pap. Bot. 7(1): 3 (2002)
Distribution: S-India [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Venezuela (Bolívar); Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará)
40 ban ind 82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alectoroctonum cotinoides (Miq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 248 (1859)
= Euphorbia cotinoides Miq.; Linnaea 21: 473 (1848), Stirp. Surin. Sel. 96
= Euphorbia cotinoides var. riedeliana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Müll.Arg.; (1874)
= Euphorbia cotinoides var. verrucosa Boiss.; (1862)
species :
Euphorbia coudercii
Gagnep.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 299 (1921)
Distribution: Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce coudercii (Gagnep.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 198 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia cowellii
(Millsp. ex Britton) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
Distribution: Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico
81 HIS PUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cowellii Millsp. ex Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43: 457 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia craspedia
Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 7: 95 (1846)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Remarks: denticulata agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus craspedius Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 87 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia crassa
(Cremers) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 492(1): 55 (2021)
Distribution: C-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia xylophylloides subsp. crassa (Cremers) S.Carter; Euphorbia World 10(2): 19 (2014)
= Euphorbia enterophora subsp. crassa Cremers; Adansonia 17(3): 348 (1978)
species :
Euphorbia crassicaulis
(Rauh) Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 27 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliary)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia decaryi var. crassicaulis (Rauh) J.-P.Castillon & J.-B.Castillon; Candollea 71(1): 153 (2016)
= Euphorbia francoisii var. crassicaulis Rauh; Euphorbia J. 10: 183 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia crassimarginata
Halford & W.K.Harris; Austrobaileya 8(4): 480 (2012)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Euphorbia crassinodis
Urb.; Symb. Antill. 1: 340 (1899)
Distribution: S-Cuba
81 CUB
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crassinodis (Urb.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia crassipes
Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 1: 318 (1909)
Distribution: S-Namibia; South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov., North-West Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia baliola N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 327 (1915)
= Euphorbia eendornensis Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 196 (1932)
= Euphorbia fusca Marloth; Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Afr. 2: 38 (1910)
= Euphorbia hopetownensis Nel; Kakteenkd. 192 (1933)
= Euphorbia inornata N.E.Br.; Harv., Fl. Cap. 5(2): 585, 586 (1925)
species :
Euphorbia creberrima
McVaugh; Contrib. Univ. Mich. Herb. 19: 218 (1993)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Durango, Jalisco, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cremersii
Rauh & Razafindr.; Euphorbia J. 7: 23 (1991)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. rakatozafyi
(Cremers) Rauh; Succ. & Xeroph. Pl. Madagascar 1: 172 (1995)
Distribution: N- & W-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia francoisii var. rakotozafyi Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 377 (1984)
species :
Euphorbia crenata
(N.E.Br.) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium crenatum N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 461 (1911)
species :
Euphorbia crenulata
Engelm.; Torr, Bot. Mex. Bound. 192 (1858)
Name: Chinese caps
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia crenulata var. franciscana Norton; (1899)
= Euphorbia leptocera Engelm. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 143 (1862)
= Euphorbia leptocera Engelm. ex Torr.; Pacif. Rail. Rep. 4: 135 (1862)
= Euphorbia leptocera var. crenulata (Engelm.) Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia manca A.Nelson; (1909)
= Euphorbia nortoniana A.Nelson; (1909)
= Tithymalus crenulatus (Engelm.) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 55 (1922)
= Tithymalus franciscanus (Norton) A.Heller; (1904)
= Tithymalus leptocerus (Engelm. ex Boiss.) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Tithymalus mancus (A.Nelson) A.Heller; (1913)
species :
Euphorbia crepitata
Wheeler; Contr. Gray Herb. n. s. No. cxxvII. 60 (1939)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crepitata (L.C.Wheeler) Mayfield; Phytologia 75(2): 179 (1993)
variant :
var. longa
M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 139 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce crepitata var. longa (M.C.Johnst.) Mayfield; Phytologia 75(2): 179 (1993)
species :
Euphorbia crepuscula
(L.C.Wheeler) V.W.Steinm. & Felger; Madroño 42(4): 455 (1995 publ. 1996)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia villifera var. crepuscula Wheeler; (1939)
species :
Euphorbia cressoides
M.C.Johnst.; Wrightia 5(5): 123 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cressoides (Johnst.) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 148(3-4): 199 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Euphorbia cristata
B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 226 (1821)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand
40 BAN IND SRL 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cristata (B.Heyne ex Roth) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 169 (1972)
= Chamaesyce cristata (B.Heyne ex Roth) G.L.Webster; J. Arn. Arb. 48: 424 (1967)
species :
Euphorbia crossadenia
Pax & K.Hoffm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 174 (1923)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Euphorbia crotonoides
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 98 (1862)
subspecies :
subsp. crotonoides
Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)
24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Crotonoides
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia holstii var. hebecarpa Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 374 (1904)
= Euphorbia systyloides var. hebecarpa (Pax) N.E.Br.; (1911)
subspecies :
subsp. narokensis
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 39(3): 651 (1984)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia crypta
Ewest; Euphorbia World 11(1): 26 (2015)
Distribution: N-Chile
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia cryptocaulis
M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(1): 231 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia cryptorubra
N.C.Taylor & M.Terry; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 10(1): 2 (2016)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cryptospinosa
P.R.O.Bally; Candollea 18: 351 (1963)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cubensis
Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 1265 (1862)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbiodendron cubense (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 306 (1909)
= Euphorbia cyanogala C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. 21 (1866)
species :
Euphorbia cuchumatanensis
Standl. & Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Bot. Ser. 23: 169 (1944)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
species :
Euphorbia culminicola
A.Molina; Ceiba 11: No. 1, 67 (1965)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
species :
Euphorbia cumbrae
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 16 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi); Guatemala; Honduras
79 MEX 80 GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cumbrae (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 408 (1916)
species :
Euphorbia cumulata
R.A.Dyer; Rec. Albany Mus. 4: 92 (1931)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia cumulicola
(Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
Name: Coastal dune sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce cumulicola Small; Man. Southeast. Fl. 794 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia cuneata
Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 53 (1791)
subspecies :
subsp. cuneata
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); ?Togo; ?Benin; Nigeria; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)
20 EGY 22 NGA 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia carpasus Ehrenb ex Boiss.; DC. Prod, xv, II. 98 (1862)
= Euphorbia cuneata var. carpasus Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 97 (1862)
= Euphorbia cuneata var. perrottetii (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 97 (1862)
= Euphorbia fruticosa Edgew.; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 16: (1847) 1219
= Euphorbia perrottetii Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 5: 72, t. 464 (1855)
= Lyciopsis cuneata Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 37 (1867)
= Tirucalia cuneata (Vahl) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
subspecies :
subsp. cretacea
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(6): 686 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
subspecies :
subsp. wajirensis
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 428 (1980)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; ?S-Somalia; NW-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
subspecies :
subsp. lamproderma
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 428 (1980)
Distribution: S-Ethiopia; N-Kenya
24 ETH 25 KEN
subspecies :
subsp. spinescens
(Pax) Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 429 (1980)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cuneata var. spinescens (Pax) S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 429 (1980)
= Euphorbia lyciopsis Pax; Engl. Pflanzenw. OstAfr C 242 (1895)
= Euphorbia spinescens Pax; Bot. Jahrb. 19: 120 (1894)
variant :
var. pumilans
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 35(2): 430 (1980)
Distribution: SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Euphorbia cuneifolia
Guss.; Pl. Rar. 190 (1826)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Algeria; Tunisia
12 COR SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia stellulata Salzm. ex Loisel.; Mem. Soc. L. Par. 6: 415 (1827)
= Tithymalus cuneifolius (Guss.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 76 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia cuneneana
L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 21 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. cuneneana
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
subspecies :
subsp. rhizomatosa
L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 24 (1976)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia cuphosperma
(Engelm.) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 73 (1862)
Name: Hairy-fruit spurge
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia dentata var. cuphosperma Engelm.; (1858)
= Poinsettia cuphosperma (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 721 (1903)
= Poinsettia dentata var. cuphosperma (Engelm.) Mohlenbr.
species :
Euphorbia cupricola
(Malaisse & Lecron) Bruyns; Taxon 55(2): 412 (2006)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadenium cupricola Malaisse & Lecron; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 60(3-4): 301 (1990)
species :
Euphorbia cuprispina
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 378 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cupularis
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 23 (1860)
Name: Dead-man´s Tree, Crying Tree
Distribution: Malawi; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MLW 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Synadenium arborescens Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 187 (1862)
= Euphorbia arborescens E.Mey.; Drège, Zwei Pfl. Docum. 184 (1843)
= Synadenium cupulare (Boiss.) Wheeler ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. (S. Afr.) 2: 953, App. A, 966 (1941)
= Euphorbia synadenia Baill.; Adansonia 3: 142 (1862 publ. 1863)
species :
Euphorbia currorii
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 545 (1911)
Distribution: Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Lyciopsis
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ohiva Swanepoel; S. African J. Bot. 75(2): 249 (2009)
species :
Euphorbia curtisii
Engelm.; Chapm. Fl. South. U. S. 401 (1860)
Name: Curtis´ spurge
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Agaloma curtisii (Engelm.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Nat. 2: 300 (1912)
= Agaloma eriogonoides (Small) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Nat. 2: 299 (1912)
= Euphorbia curtisii var. longipes Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia eriogonoides Small; Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 614 (1898)
= Euphorbia polygonifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. An. 2: 211
= Euphorbia ruegeliana Shuttlew. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 67 (1862)
= Tithymalopsis curtisii (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 716 (1903)
= Tithymalopsis eriogonoides Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 716 (1903)
species :
Euphorbia cuspidata
Bertol.; Miscell. Bot. 2: 9 (1843) non 3: 17 (1844)
Distribution: Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 IRQ JOR SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia chesneyi (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15 2: 152(1862)
= Euphorbia palmyrena Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 109: 194(1963)
= Tithymalus chesneyi Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Akad. Wiss. (Physik) Berlin 37: 99 (1860)
= Tithymalus palmyrenus (Mouterde) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 175 (1972)
species :
Euphorbia cussonioides
P.R.O.Bally; Bothalia 7: 29 (1958)
Distribution: Kenya (mountains)
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia cyanofolia
Ewest; Euphorbia World 11(2): 21 (2015)
Distribution: N-Chile
85 CLE
species :
Euphorbia cyathophora
Murray; Comm. Götting. 7: 81 (1786)
Name: Mexican Fire Plant, Wild Poinsettia (EN); Maravilla (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I], La Gomera [I], Fuerteventura [I], Lanzarote [I]); Togo [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I]; St. Helena [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Seychelles [I]; Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia); Qatar [I]; China [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Volcano Isl. [I] (Iwo-Jima Isl. [I]); India [I] (throughout); Maldives [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; Philippines [I]; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Tonga [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Phoenix Isl. [I] (Kanton [I], Orona [I], Manra [I], Nikumaroro [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Butaritari [I], Tarawa [I], Tabiteuea [I]); Nauru [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Palmyra Atoll [I], Teraina [I], Tabueran [I], Kiritimati [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Palmerston [I], Penrhyn [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Peleliu [I], Angaur [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Saipan [I], Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Ulithi [I], Fais [I], Woleai [I], Faraulep [I], Lamotrek [I], Truk [I], Udot [I], Piis [I], Pohnpei [I], Mokil [I], Kosrae [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Utirik [I], Kwajalein [I], Ailuk [I], Likiep [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I], Jaluit [I]); Wake Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Midway Isl. [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I]); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin); Bermuda; Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. Thomas, Virgin Gorda); St. Barthélémy; Saba; Antigua; Redonda; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Huila, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Aragua, Guarico, Lara); Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Guaira); Argentina (Cordoba, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero); Chile [I] (Antofagasta [I])
21 cny 22 tog 26 zam zim 27 bot nam saf 28 sth 29 CGS mau reu sey 35 qat 36 chi 38 kzn nns 40 ind mdv 41 cbd vie 42 cki nwg phi scs xms 50 aus lhi 60 fij gil nru nue phx ton van 61 coo lin sci 62 gum mic mrn mrs plu wak 63 haw 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BAH BER CAY CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR PUE SAB SBA STL TCI TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG SUR SWC VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG cle PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia barbellata Engelm.; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 190 (1858)
= Euphorbia graminifolia Michx.; Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 210 (1803)
= Euphorbia havanensis Willd. ex Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 73 (1862)
= Euphorbia heterophylla f. cyathophora (Murray) Voss; (1895)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. barbellata (Engelm.) Holz; (1892)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. cyathophora (Murray) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 45 (1859)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. graminifolia (Michx.) Engelm.; Rep. U. S. Mex. Bound., Bot. 2(1): 190 (1858)
= Euphorbia heterophylla var. minor Boiss.; (1862)
= Euphorbia pandurifolia Roth; Bot. Abh. Beobacht. 48 (1787)
= Poinsettia barbellata (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 722 (1903)
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) Bartl.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Acad. Gott. 1839: 6 (1839)
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) F.C.Ho; Trop. Pl. Taiwan in Colour 3: 30 (1982), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 253 (1859), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora (Murray) S.Br.; Proc. Acad. Philad. 61: 492 (1909 publ. 1910), isonym
= Poinsettia cyathophora var. graminifolia (Michx.) Mohlenbr.
= Poinsettia edwardsii Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 253 (1859)
= Poinsettia graminifolia (Michx.) Millsp.; (1909)
= Poinsettia havanensis (Willd. ex Boiss.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 722 (1903)
= Tithymalus cyatophorus (Murray) Moench; Meth. 667 (1794)
species :
Euphorbia cylindrica
Marloth ex A.C.White, R.A.Dyer & B.Sloane; Succ. Euphorb. (S. Afr.) 1: 247 2: App. A, 962 (1941)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Florispinae
species :
Euphorbia cylindrifolia
Marn.-Lap. & Rauh; Kakt. & Sukkulent. 12: 69 (1961)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cylindroclada
Haev. & Hett.; Phytotaxa 488(1): 57 (2021)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia cymbifera
(Schltdl.) V.W.Steinm.; Acta Bot. Mex. 65:48 (2003)
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz, Puebla, Oaxaca)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Pedilanthus cymbiferus Schltdl.; Linnaea 19: 253 (1847)
= Tithymalus cymbiferus (Schltdl.) Croizat; Am. J. Bot. 24: 704 (1937)
= Pedilanthus aphyllus Boiss.; Klotzsch & Garcke, in Monatsb. Akad. Berl. (1859) 253, nomen, et in Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 106 (1860)
= Tithymalodes aphyllum (Boiss. ex Klotzsch) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 620 (1891)
species :
Euphorbia cymbiformis
Rusby; Mem. Torr. Bot. Club 4: 255 (1895)
Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL
species :
Euphorbia cymosa
Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 611 (1812)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero, Michoacan, Quintana Roo, Yucatan); Jamaica; St. Vincent; Colombia (Atlántico)
79 MEX 81 JAM STV 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Aklema nudiflora (Jacq.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 114 (1836)
= Alectoroctonum nudiflorum (Jacq.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 40 (1859)
= Euphorbia nudiflora Jacq.; Coll. 3: 180 (1791) (nom. illeg.)
= Peccana glauca Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 115 (1838)
= Tithymalus nudiflorus (Jacq.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 142 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia cyparissias
L.; Sp. Pl. 461 (1753)
Name: Cypress spurge (EN), Zypressen-Wolfsmilch (DE)
Distribution: England [I]; Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; ?Baleares; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Japan [I] (Hokkaido [I], Honshu [I]); Australia [I] (South Australia [I]); New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]
10 den fin grb nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 38 jap 50 aus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 82 clm
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula cupressina Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 259 (1821)
= Esula cyparissias (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 155 (1812)
= Esula minor Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. I. 264 (1764)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. degeneri Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 3: 278 (1828)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. denudata Döll; 281 (1843)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. esuloides DC.; Fl. Franc. éd. 3 6: 362 (1815)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. glabriuscula C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 180 (1833)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. leptophylla Dierb.; 16 (1827)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. major Boiss.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 15(2): 160 (1862)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. picta Schur; 122 (1852)
= Euphorbia cyparissias var. pubescens C.A.Mey.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 180 (1833)
= Euphorbia degener Hoffm.; 168 (1791)
= Euphorbia degenerata D.Dietr.; Fl. March. 227 (1841)
= Euphorbia esula Ten.; Fl. Nap. 1: 273
= Euphorbia esuloides (DC.) Ten.; Syll. Fl. Neap. 238 (1822)
= Euphorbia kaleniczenkoi Czern.; Konspekt´ Rast. Kar´kova 55 (1859)
= Euphorbia kaleniczenkoi Czern. ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 159 (1884), nomen
= Euphorbia kaleniczenkoi var. nana Hurus.; J. Jap. Bot. 16: 394 (1940)
= Euphorbia punctata Krock.; (1790)
= Euphorbia stenophylla Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 595 (1866)
= Euphorbia tyraica Klokov & Artemczuk; Fl. RSS Ucr. 7: 631 (1955)
= Galarhoeus cyparissias (L.) Small ex Rydb.; Fl. Prairies & Plains Centr. N. Amer. 520 (1932)
= Keraselma cyparissias (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 116
= Tithymalus acicularis Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 156 (1867)
= Tithymalus angustifolius Gilib.; Fl. Lituan. 2: 209 (1782)
= Tithymalus cyparissias (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus cyparissias (L.) Lam.; Fl. Fr. 3: 96
species :
Euphorbia cyparissioides
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. 19: 123 (1894)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia (Asir, Rub al Khali)
22 NGA 23 CMN ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia cyparissioides var. minor N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. 6(1): 543 (1911)
= Euphorbia dejecta N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 541 (1911)
= Euphorbia ericifolia Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 288 (1903)
= Euphorbia huillensis Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 27 (1899)
species :
Euphorbia cyri
V.W.Steinm.
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Euphorbia cyrtophylla
(Prokh.) Prokh.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS 29: 556 (1930)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; ?Iran; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan (Chitral)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus cyrtophyllus Prokh.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS 29: 556 (1930)
= Euphorbia cyrtophylla (Prokh.) Hurus.; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 240 (1954)
species :
Euphorbia czerepanovii
Geltman; Bot. Zhurn. 82(3): 122 (1997)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO NCS
species :
Euphorbia daghestanica
Geltman; Bot. Zhurn. 82(3): 122 (1997)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan)
33 NCS
species :
Euphorbia dahurica
Peschkova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 15: 238 (1979)
Distribution: Siberia (Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
species :
Euphorbia dalettiensis
M.G.Gilbert; Kew Bull. 42(2): 391 (1987)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Euphorbia dallachyana
Baill.; Adansonia 6: 285 (1866)
Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce dallachyana (Baill.) D.C.Hassall; Austral. J. Bot. 24(5): 640 (1976)
species :
Euphorbia damarana
L.C.Leach; Bothalia 11(4): 500 (1975)
Distribution: SW-Angola; NW-Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Remarks: subgen. Euphorbia, sect. Tirucalli
Synonyms: hidden
= Tirucalia damarana (L.C.Leach) P.V.Heath; Calyx 5(3): 89 (1996)
species :
Euphorbia daphnoides
Balf.f.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 21 (1877)
Distribution: +Rodrigues
29 ROD
species :
Euphorbia darbandensis
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 1040 (1913)
Distribution: Central African Republic
23 CAF
species :
Euphorbia dasyacantha
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 12(4): 419 (1992)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia dauana
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 42(2): 376 (1987)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Euphorbia davidii
Subils; Kurtziana 17: 125 (1984)
Name: David´s spurge
Distribution: Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Florida [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], North Carolina [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis)
33 geo ncs 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia dentata var. gracillima Millsp.; Pittonia 2: 90 (1890)
species :
Euphorbia daviesii
E.A.Bruce; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 51 (1940)
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia imbricata Bruce; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 468 (1933) (non Vahl)
species :
Euphorbia davisii
Khan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 25: 140, t. 10 (1964)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Remarks: amygdaloides agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus davisii (Khan) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague), 140(3-4): 171 (1972), without basionym page
species :
Euphorbia davyi
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 305 (1915)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
species :
Euphorbia dawei
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 583 (1912)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA
species :
Euphorbia debilispina
L.C.Leach; Excelsa 15: 13 (1991 publ. 1992)
Distribution: Zambia
26 ZAM
species :
Euphorbia decaryi
Guillaumin; Cactus 3: No. 6, 3, nomen, et in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser II. 6: 120, descr. (1934)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
variant :
var. robinsonii
Cremers; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg., 54(3-4): 373 (1984)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia deccanensis
V.S.Raju; Taxon 34(3): 519 (1985), nom. nov.
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam
40 IND 41 CBD THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce katrajensis var. kasaragodensis (V.J.Nair, Binojk. & R.Ansari) V.S.Raju; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 28(1): 92 (2004)
= Chamaesyce linearifolia (Roth) Soják; Cas Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-41: 169 (1972)
= Euphorbia katrajensis var. kasaragodensis V.J.Nair, Binojk. & R.Ansari; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 14(2): 471 (1990)
= Euphorbia linearifolia Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 224 (1821) (nom. illeg.)
= Euphorbia linearis B.Heyne; Numer. List no. 7712 (1821) ex Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 225
variant :
var. nallamalayana
(J.L.Ellis) V.S.Raju; Taxon 34(3): 520 (1985)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia linearifolia var. nallamalayana J.L.Ellis; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 8: 345 (1966)
= Chamaesyce linearifolia var. nallamalayana (J.L.Ellis) K.S.Rao & M.N.V.Prasad; Taxon 36(4): 762 (1987)
= Chamaesyce linearifolia var. nallamalyana (J.L.Ellis) V.S.Raju & P.N.Rao; Phytologia 37(5): 454 (1977)
species :
Euphorbia decepta
N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 320 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. decepta
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Remarks: Subgen. Athymalus, sect. Anthacanthae, subsect. Medusea
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia albertensis N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 323 (1915)
= Euphorbia astrophora Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (U. S. A.) 68(6): 311 (1996)
= Euphorbia brevirama N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Cap. 5: II. 317 (1915)
= Euphorbia brevirama var. astrophora (Marx) Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 11(2): 8 (2015)
= Euphorbia brevirama var. supraterra Marx & van Veldh.; Euphorbia World 11(2): 9 (2015)
= Euphorbia suppressa Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71: 33 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. gamkensis
(Marx) Bruyns; Euphorbia Southern Africa 1: 297 (2022)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia gamkensis Marx; Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 71: 38 (1999)
species :
Euphorbia decidua
P.R.O.Bally & L.C.Leach; Candollea 18: 347 (1963), et Kirkia 10(1): 293 (1975)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; N-Mozambique
23 ZAI 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
species :
Euphorbia decipiens
Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12: 197 (1860)
Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ornata Stapf; (1886)
= Euphorbia polycaulis Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Ser. I. 12: 112 (1853)
= Tithymalus decipiens (Boiss. & Buhse) Soják; Cas. Nar. Mus. (Prague). 140(3-4): 171 (1972)
= Tithymalus polycaulis (Boiss. & Hohen.) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 97 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia decorsei
Drake; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Par., 44 (1903)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Euphorbia dedzana
L.C.Leach; Excelsa 15: 20 (1991 publ. 1992)
Distribution: Malawi
26 MLW
species :
Euphorbia deflexa
Sibth. & Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 328 (1809)
subspecies :
subsp. deflexa
Distribution: Albania; Greece; Crete
13 ALB GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia deflexa var. athoa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 141 (1843)
= Euphorbia deflexa var. lassitica Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 182 (1935)
= Euphorbia pythiusa Friv. ex Nyman; Consp. 654 (1881)
= Tithymalus deflexus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 84 (1860)
subspecies :
subsp. purpureosuffusa
(Rech.f.) Biel & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 19(3): 376 (2013)
Distribution: Greece (Samothraki)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia deflexa var. purpureosuffusa Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 100: 119 (1938)
species :
Euphorbia defoliata
Urb.; Symb. Antill. 7: 264 (1912)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)
81 HIS
species :
Euphorbia degeneri
Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 583 (1936)
Distribution: Hawaii (Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Anisophyllum cordatum (Meyen) Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 38 (1860)
= Chamaesyce cordata (Meyen) Arthur; Torreya 22: 30 (1922)
= Chamaesyce degeneri (Sherff) Croizat & O.Deg.; Degener, Fl. Hawaiiensis, Fam. 190, Chamaesyce, leafl. 4 (1936)
= Chamaesyce degeneri f. minuscula (Sherff) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
= Chamaesyce degeneri var. molokaiensis (Sherff) O.Deg. & Croizat
= Euphorbia cordata Meyen; Reise 2: 150 (1834)
= Euphorbia degeneri f. minuscula Sherff
= Euphorbia degeneri var. molokaiensis Sherff; Bot. Gaz. 97: 583 (1936)
species :
Euphorbia deightonii
Croizat; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 58 (1938)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 BEN GHA LBR NGA SIE TOG 23 CMN
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia barteri N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 597 (1912)
= Euphorbia garuana N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 598 (1912)
= Euphorbia kamerunica var. barteri (N.E.Br.) A.Chev.; Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 28: 348 (1948)
species :
Euphorbia dekindtii
Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 73 (1904)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia fraterna N.E.Br.; Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. 6: I. 580 (1912) p. p.
species :
Euphorbia delicatissima
S.Carter; Kew Bull. 45(2): 328 (1990)
Distribution: Zimbabwe
26 ZIM
species :
Euphorbia delicatula
Boiss.; Cent. Euph. 19 (1860)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Eumecanthus delicatulus (Boiss.) Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 414 (1916)
= Euphorbia edulis Sessé & Moc.; Pl. N. Hs. ed. 1, 81 1887 (1890) (La Naturaleza, Ser. II. 1: App.), ed. 2, 76
= Euphorbia subcaerulea B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 32: 37 (1896)
= Euphorbia tenuissima M.E.Jones; Contrib. West. Bot. No. 18, 55 (1933-5)
= Zygophyllidum delicatulum (Boiss.) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 145 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia delphinensis
Ursch & Leandri; Mem. Inst. Sci. Madag., Ser. B, 5: 166 (1955)
Distribution: S-Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia beharensis var. squarrosa Rauh; Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt, 100: 14 (1999), nom. inval.
species :
Euphorbia deltobracteata
Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 149 (1933)
Distribution: Turkmenistan
32 TKM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus deltobracteatus (Prokh.) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 49, in clavi, 149 (1933)
species :
Euphorbia deltoidea
Engelm. ex Chapm.; Fl. South. U. S. Suppl. 647 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. deltoidea
Name: Wedge sandmat
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce deltoidea (Engelm. ex Chapm.) Small; Fl. S. E. U. S. 710 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. adhaerens
(Small) Oudejans; World. cat. of sp. names publ. in tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiac.) with geogr. distrib., Cum. supp. 1: 11 (1993)
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce adhaerens Small; Torreya 27: 104 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Chamaesyce deltoidea subsp. adhaerens (Small) A.Herndon; Rhodora, 95(881): 48 (1993)
= Chamaesyce deltoidea var. adhaerens (Small) D.G.Burch
= Euphorbia adhaerens (Small) Jabl.; Phytologia 28: 123 (1974)
subspecies :
subsp. serpyllum
(Small) Ya Yang; Taxon 61(4): 783 (2012)
Distribution: USA (Florida)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia deltoidea var. serpyllum (Small) Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989)
= Chamaesyce deltoidea subsp. serpyllum (Small) D.G.Burch
= Chamaesyce serpyllum Small; Fl. Florida Keys, 81 (1913)
species :
Euphorbia demissa
L.C.Leach; Dinteria 12: 10 (1976)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Euphorbia dendroides
L.; Sp. Pl. 462 (1753)
Name: Bäumchen-Wolfsmilch (DE); Tree Spurge (EN)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; ?Serbia & Kosovo; Macedonia; Albania; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); ?Madeira; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I]); USA [I] (California [I])
12 BAL COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI MNT NMA SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 34 EAI ISR TUR 50 aus 76 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Esula dendroides (L.) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 153 (1812)
= Euphorbia divaricata Jacq.; Ic. Pl. Rar. 1: 9, t. 87 (1784)
= Euphorbia laeta Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 2: 141 (1789)
= Euphorbion dendroideum (L.) St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Tithymalus arboreus Lam.; Fl. Fr. 3: 94 (1779)
= Tithymalus dendroides (L.) Hill; Hort. Kew. 172/4 (1768)
= Tithymalus laetus (Aiton) Haw.; Syn. Pl. Succ. 140 (1812)
species :
Euphorbia denisiana
Guillaumin; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. II. i.446, 448 (1929)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Ankarana Mts.)
29 MDG
Remarks: only known from the type material
variant :
var. ankarensis
(Boiteau) Houyelle; Euphorbia World 14(1): 12 (2018)
Distribution: N-Madagascar (Montagnes des Francais, Falaise de l´Ankarana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia ankarensis Boiteau; Bull. Acad. Malgache, n. s. 24: 86 (1942)
variant :
var. maromokotrensis
(Rebmann) Houyelle; Euphorbia World 14(1): 13 (2018)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia maromokotrensis Rebmann; Cact. Succ. 1(2): 44 (2009)
species :
Euphorbia denisii
Oudejans; Phytologia 67(1): 45 (1989), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Euphorbia obcordata Denis; Euphorb. Iles Austr. Afr. 56 (1921) (non Balf. f.)
species :
Euphorbia densa
Schrenk; Bull. Phys-Math. Acad. Petersb. 3: 308 (1845)
subspecies :
subsp. densa
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat, Kandahar); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia); Kuwait; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta)
32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ JOR SYR 35 KUW SAU 40 PAK
subspecies :
subsp. badghysi
V.P.Bochantsev; Bot. Zhurn. 62(8): 1201 (1977)
Distribution: Turkmenistan
32 TKM
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus densus Klotzsch & Garcke; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 65 (1860)
species :
Euphorbia densiflora
(Klotzsch & Garcke) Klotzsch; Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 94 (1861)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaesyce densiflora Millsp.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Chicago, Bot. Ser. 2: 391 (1914)
species :
Euphorbia densispina
S.Carter; Nordic J. Bot. 23(3): 296 (2005)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
species :
Euphorbia densiuscula
Popov; Trans. Sci. Soc. Turk. 1: 38 (1923)
Distribution: Uzbekistan
32 UZB
Synonyms: hidden
= Tithymalus densiusculus (Popov) Prokh.; Consp. Syst. Tithym. As. Med. (Trans. Rubber & Guttap. Inst.) 45, in clavi, 137(1933)
species :
Euphorbia densiusculiformis
(Pazij) V.P.Bochantsev; Bot. Zhurn. 62(8): 1201 (1977)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan
32 TZK UZB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galarhoeus densiusculiformis Pazij; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. & Zool. Acad. Sci. Uzbekistan. 11: 26 (1948)
= Tithymalus densiusculiformis (Pazij) Pazij; Fl. Uzbekistan. 4: 119 (1959)
species :
Euphorbia dentata
Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 211 (1803)
Name: Toothed spurge (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; European Russia [I]; China [I] (Beijing [I]); South Korea [I]; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado [I], Georgia [I], Iowa, Illinois [I], Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Paraguay (Paraguari); Uruguay (Flores Prov.); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Salta, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)
11 ger 14 rus 36 chi
