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Ver. 19.3
June 16th, 2024

229.0000 Family Zygophyllaceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 545 (1814), nom. cons.
26 genera, ca. 280 spp.
Species listed in database: 283; hybrids: 1
= Agialidaceae Wettst.; Handb. Syst. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 620 (1911)
= Balanitaceae M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 1: 26 (1846), nom. cons.
= Tribulaceae Trautv.; Estestv. Istor. Gub. Kievsk. Uchebn. Okr. Bot. Sist.: 28 (1853)
229.5002 Genus Fagonia L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 386 (1753)
Distribution: coastal S-Europe, islands of Mediterranean Sea, arid Africa, SW-Asia eastward to India, few North American deserts (SW-USA, Mexico), 1 Chile. Species concept highly controversial due to excessive splitting
Species listed in database: 36
species :
Fagonia acerosa Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 124 (1849)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
34 IRN 35 OMA SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum acerosum (Boiss.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 92 (2018)
species :
Fagonia arabica L.; Sp. Pl. 386 (1753)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert); Mauritania; N-Niger; N-Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi, etc.); NW-Sudan (Emi Koussi); NE-Ethiopia; Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Rub al Khali, Asir); Bahrain; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Sind, Pakistani Punjab, Jhelum, Hazara); NW-India (Gujarat)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR WSA 22 MTN NGR 24 CHA ETH SUD 34 ISR JOR SIN 35 BAR OMA SAU YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia arabica var. brevispina Maire; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 2(4): 908 (1932)
= Fagonia arabica var. imamii Hadidi; Candollea 21: 21 (1966)
= Fagonia arabica var. membranacea Ghafoor; Fl. Libya 38: 35 (1977)
= Fagonia arabica var. negevensis Zohary; N. Feinbrun-Dotham, Fl. Palaestina 2: 458 (1972)
= Fagonia arabica var. planii Maire
= Fagonia arabica var. tilhoana (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 349 (1937)
= Fagonia arabica var. viscidissima Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 176 (1929)
= Fagonia boulosii Hadidi; Candollea 21: 27, f. 5B (1966)
= Fagonia boulosii var. crameri Hadidi; Bot. Not. 125(4): 527 (1972)
= Fagonia cretica var. arabica (L.) T.Anderson; Soc., Bot. 5: 12 (1868)
= Fagonia thebaica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 8: 121 (1849)
= Fagonia thebaica var. violacea Boulos; Yale Peab. Mus. Nat. Hist. Postilla 100: 20 (1966)
= Fagonia tilhoana Maire; Bull. Mar. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. II. 4: 907 (1932)
= Fagonia tilhoana var. brevipila Maire
= Zygophyllum arabicum (L.) Christenh. & Byng
species :
Fagonia bruguieri DC.; Prodr. 1: 704 (1824)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria (incl. Hoggar); Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Mauritania; N-Mali; Niger; Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi, etc.); NE-Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Helmand, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimroz); Syria (Jazira); Israel (Rift Valley); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Nafud Desert, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Peshawar); India (Rajasthan)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR WSA 22 MLI MTN NGR 24 CHA ERI ETH SUD 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN SYR 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia bruguieri var. haplotricha Hadidi; Fl. Iran [Rechinger] 98: 8 (1972)
= Fagonia bruguieri var. laxa Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 906 (1867)
= Fagonia bruguieri var. myriacantha (Boiss.) Maire
= Fagonia bruguieri var. purpurescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 177 (1929)
= Fagonia bruguieri var. rechingeri Hadidi; Candollea 27(1): 91 (1972)
= Fagonia diversifolia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 1: 112 (1854)
= Fagonia echinella Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. Nov. ser. 1. 8: 123 (1849)
= Fagonia haplotricha (Hadidi) Hadidi & El Garf; Taeckholmia 15: 83 (1995)
= Fagonia kassasii Hadidi; Candollea 2 1: 23, f.4 (1966)
= Fagonia myriacantha Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 123 (1849)
= Fagonia olivieri var. glandulosa Hadidi; Candollea 27(1): 92 (1972)
= Fagonia schimperi C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 460 (1845)
= Zygophyllum bruguieri (DC.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia capensis Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 383 (1974)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
species :
Fagonia charoides Chiov.; Fl. Somala, 112 (1929)
Distribution: NE-Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum charoides (Chiov.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia chilensis Hooker & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 165 (1833)
Name: Hualputilla, rosita [Chile]
Distribution: Peru; Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo)
83 PER 85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia aspera Gay; Fl. Chil. (Gay) 1: 470 (1845)
= Fagonia chilensis var. aspera (Gay) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia chilensis var. pubecarpa J.F.Macbr.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13, pt. 3: 651 (1949)
= Fagonia cretica var. aspera (Gay) Engl.; Engl. & C. G. O. Drude, Veg. Erde 9(III 1): 731 (1915)
= Fagonia cretica var. chilensis (Hook. & Arn.) Engl.; Engl. & C. G. O. Drude, Veg. Erde 9(III 1): 731 (1915)
= Fagonia subaphylla Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac. Santiago de Chile 1: 12 (1891)
= Zygophyllum chilense (Hook. & Arn.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia cretica L.; Sp. Pl. 386 (1753)
Name: Kretische Fagonie (DE); Espinocillo (ES)
Distribution: E- & S-Spain; Baleares; Sicily; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista); East Aegaean Isl.; Cyprus (S-Cyprus); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, Nejd Desert)
12 BAL SPA 13 GRC KRI SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 21 CNY CVI SEL 34 CYP EAI SIN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia deflexa Moench; Suppl. Meth. (Moench) 82 (1802)
= Fagonia desertorum Andrews; Index Horti Bot. Budapest: 60 (1938)
= Fagonia elongata Salisb.; Prod. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 319 (1796)
= Fagonia erecta Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8. n. 1 (1768)
= Fagonia forskalii Pfund; Flora 57: 414 (1874)
= Fagonia hispanica L.; Sp. Pl. 886 (1753)
= Fagonia virens Coss. ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 12 (1860)
= Fagonia viscosa Hochst. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 904 (1867)
= Zygophyllum creticum (L.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia densa I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Ser. IV. 12: 1052 (1924)
Distribution: Mexico (Sonora, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum densum (I.M.Johnst.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia densispina Beier & Thulin; Syst. Biodivers. 3(3): 235 (2005)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum densispinum (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia glutinosa Delile; Fl. Aeg. 111. 62 (1813)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt); Mauritania; N-Mali; Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Nafud Desert, Hejaz, Asir); Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 22 MLI MTN 34 IRQ ISR JOR SIN 35 KUW QAT SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia glutinosa var. chevallieri Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund, n. ser. 20(11): 6 (1925)
= Fagonia glutinosa var. longipetiolata Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 387 (1974)
= Fagonia glutinosa var. nuda Hadidi; Candollea 21: 33 (1966)
= Fagonia viscida C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 3: 460 (1845)
= Zygophyllum glutinosum (Delile) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia gypsophila Beier & Thulin; Nord. J. Bot. 21: 452 (2002)
Distribution: NE-Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum gypsophilum (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia hadramautica Beier & Thulin; Syst. Biodivers. 3(3): 238 (2005)
Distribution: S-Yemen
35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum hadramauticum (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia harpago Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 22: 284 (1931)
Distribution: SW-Morocco; Western Sahara
20 MOR WSA
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia harpago subsp. ifniensis (Caball.) Ibn Tattou; Trav. Inst. Sci. Univ. Mohammed V, Ser. Bot. 37: 398 (2005)
= Fagonia harpago var. ifniensis (Caball.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 217 (1936)
= Fagonia ifniensis Caball.; Trab. Mus. Cienc. Nat., Madrid, Ser. Bot., No. 30, 22 (1935)
= Zygophyllum harpago (Emb. & Maire) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia indica Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. 102, t. 34, f. 1 (1768)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, SE-Egypt, Western Desert, Desert Oases); Mauritania; Mali; N-Niger; N-Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi, etc.); NW-Sudan; NE-Ethiopia; ?Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; NW-Kenya; Iraq (S-Iraq); Iran (S-Iran, E-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Helmand, Kandahar); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, Nafud Desert, Rub al Khali, Asir, Nejd Desert, Hejaz); Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Karnataka, Punjab, Rajasthan)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR WSA 22 MLI MTN NGR 24 CHA DJI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN 34 AFG IRN IRQ JOR SIN 35 OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 1, 1: 62 (1843)
= Fagonia elliptica Tabassum, Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 30: 159 (1998)
= Fagonia indica var. aucheri (Boiss.) Boiss.; (1867)
= Fagonia jolyi Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 249 (1901)
= Fagonia jolyi var. stenophylla Maire
= Fagonia mysorensis B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Sp. Pl. 215 (1821)
= Fagonia oliveri f. jolyi (Batt.) Ozenda & Quézel
= Fagonia ovalifolia Hadidi; Fl. Iranica 98: 2 (1972)
= Fagonia ovalifolia var. qatarensis Hadidi; Webbia 32: 292 (1978)
= Fagonia parviflora Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 124 (1849)
= Fagonia persica DC.; Prod. 1: 704 (1824)
= Zygophyllum indicum (Burm.f.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
variant :
var. thomsonii (G.S.Giri & M.P.Nayar) M.Sharma; Punjab Plants Check-list: 7 (1990)
Distribution: India (Punjab)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia arabica var. thomsonii G.S.Giri & B.K.Nayar; Phyta Monogr. 4-5: 19 (1981-1982 publ. 1984)
species :
Fagonia khattabii Hadidi; (1966)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Yemen (W-Yemen: Tihama)
35 SAU YEM
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Fagonia laevis Standl.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 24: 249 (1911)
Name: California fagonbush
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah); Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Baja California Sur, etc.)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia barclayana (Benth.) Rydb.; Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 25: 104 (1910)
= Fagonia californica Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 10 (1844)
= Fagonia californica subsp. insularis (Standl.) Wiggins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 19 (1950)
= Fagonia californica subsp. laevis (Standl.) Wiggins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 19 (1950)
= Fagonia californica subsp. longipes (Standl.) Felger; J. Arizona Acad. Sci. 6: 83 (1980)
= Fagonia californica subsp. rosei (Standl.) Wiggins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 19 (1950)
= Fagonia californica var. barclayana Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur: 10 (1844)
= Fagonia californica var. laevis (Standl.) L.D.Benson; L. D. Benson & R. A. Darrow, Trees & Shrubs of Southw. Deserts, ed. 3: 119 (1981)
= Fagonia californica var. longipes (Standl.) L.D.Benson; L. D. Benson & R. A. Darrow, Trees & Shrubs of Southwest. Deserts (ed. 3): 120 (1981)
= Fagonia chilensis var. barclayana (Benth.) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia chilensis var. insularis (Standl.) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia chilensis var. laevis (Standl.) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia chilensis var. rosei (Standl.) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia cretica var. californica (Benth.) Engl.; Engl. & C. G. O. Drude, Veg. Erde 9(III 1): 731 (1915)
= Fagonia insularis Standl.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 24: 247 (1911)
= Fagonia longipes Standl.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 24: 250 (1911)
= Fagonia rosei Standl.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 24: 247 (1911)
= Zygophyllum californicum (Benth.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
= Zygophyllum laeve (Standl.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia lahovarii Volkens & Schweinf.; Ghika, Pays des Somalis, 204 (1897)
Distribution: SE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; NE-Kenya
24 DJI ETH SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia hararensis Hadidi; Kew Bull. 33(1): 121 (1978)
= Zygophyllum lahovarii (Volkens & Schweinf.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia latifolia Delile; Fl. Aeg. Ill. 62 (1813)
Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, SE-Egypt); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio); Mauritania; N-Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi); NE-Sudan; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.); Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania); Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 21 CVI 22 MTN 24 CHA SUD 27 BOT NAM SAF 34 ISR JOR 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia isotricha Murb.; Act. Univ. Lund. 33: no. 12 54 (1897)
= Fagonia isotricha var. crassissima Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 250 (1900)
= Fagonia latifolia subsp. isotricha (Murb.) Ozenda & Quézel; Trav. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 14: 62 (1957)
= Fagonia latifolia var. dubia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 411 (1938)
= Fagonia latifolia var. glabrescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 348 (1937)
= Fagonia latifolia var. pinguis L.Chevall.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 5: 441 (1905)
= Fagonia latifolia var. virens Batt.
= Fagonia soturbensis Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7, App. 2: 276 (1899)
= Zygophyllum mayanum (Schltdl.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia latistipulata Beier & Thulin; Syst. Biodivers. 3(3): 243 (2005)
Distribution: Somalia
24 SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum latistipulatum (Beier & Thulin) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia longispina Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 63: 189 (1916 publ. 1919)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Mauritania; NE-Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia
20 ALG MOR 22 MTN 24 DJI ETH SOM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia isotricha var. spinescens (O.Schwartz) Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 384 (1974)
= Fagonia lahovarii var. spinescens Schwartz; (1939)
species :
Fagonia mahrana Beier; Nordic J. Bot. 21(5): 451 (2001 publ. 2002)
Distribution: Oman; S-Yemen
35 OMA YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum mahranum (Beier) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia mayana Schltdl.; Bot. Zeit. 9: 844 (1851)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio)
21 CVI
Remarks: possibly a synonym of F. latifolia
species :
Fagonia minutistipula Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. 10: 33 (1889)
Distribution: Namibia; Botswana
27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia sinaica var. minutistipula (Engl.) Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 391 (1974)
= Zygophyllum minutistipulum (Engl.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia mollis Delile; Fl. Aeg. Ill. 62 (1813)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt, SE-Egypt); Israel (Rift Valley, Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir)
20 EGY 34 ISR JOR SIN 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia boveana (Hadidi) Hadidi & Garf ex El Karemy & El Naggar; Taeckholmia 12: 44 (1989)
= Fagonia cistoides Delile ex T.Anderson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5(Suppl. 1): 11 (1860)
= Fagonia grandiflora Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 8: 121(1849)
= Fagonia mollis var. boveana Hadidi; Candollea 21: 33 (1966)
= Fagonia mollis var. densiglandulosa Hadidi; Bot. Notiser. 125(4): 527 (1972)
= Fagonia mollis var. hispida Zohary; Fl. Palaestina 2: 458 (1972)
= Fagonia tristis Sickenb.; Mém. Inst. Egypt. 4: 201 (1901)
= Fagonia tristis var. boveana Hadidi
= Zygophyllum molle (Delile) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia olivieri DC.; Prodr. 1: 704 (1824)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (S-Iran); Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Kuwait; Pakistan (Baluchistan)
34 AFG IRN IRQ JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW SAU 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum olivieri (DC.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia orientalis J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 23 (1822)
Distribution: Algeria; Libya; Egypt (SE-Egypt); N-Niger; Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi, etc.); NE-Ethiopia; Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Qatar
20 ALG EGY LBY 22 NGR 24 CHA ETH 34 ISR JOR 35 QAT SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia bischarorum Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7, App. 2: 276 (1899)
= Fagonia ehrenbergii Schweinf.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 659 (1868)
= Fagonia flamandii Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 249 (1901)
= Fagonia tenuifolia Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 1: 909 (1867)
= Zygophyllum orientale (C.Presl) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia pachyacantha Rydb.; Britton et al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 25: 105 (1910)
Name: Sticky fagonbush
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California); Mexico (Baja California, Sonora, Baja California Sur)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia californica subsp. pachyacantha (Rydb.) Wiggins; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 19 (1950)
= Fagonia californica var. glutinosa Vail; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 229 (1895)
= Fagonia chilensis var. glutinosa (Vail) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia chilensis var. pachyacantha (Rydb.) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1051 (1924)
= Fagonia viscosa Rydb.; Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 25: 104 (1910)
= Zygophyllum pachyacanthum (Rydb.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia palmeri Vasey & Rose; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 82 (1890)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum palmeri (Vasey & Rose) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
= Fagonia chilensis var. palmeri (Vasey & Rose) I.M.Johnst.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 12: 1052 (1924)
species :
Fagonia paulayana Wagner & Vierh.; Vierh., Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 54: 34 (1904)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Sudan; NE-Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Iraq; Iran (S-Iran); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen, N-Inner Yemen); Pakistan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan)
20 EGY 24 DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN 34 IRN IRQ 35 SAU YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia arabica var. schweinfurthii (Hadidi) G.S.Giri & M.P.Nayar
= Fagonia armata R.Br.; H. Salt, Voy. Abyss., App. 4: lxiv (1814)
= Fagonia bruguieri var. ehrenbergerii Schweinf.
= Fagonia elba Hadidi; Candollea 21: 29 (1966)
= Fagonia glabra E.H.L.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 35: 719 (1905)
= Fagonia indica var. brevispina (Schweinf.) Hadidi; Candollea 27: 88 (1972)
= Fagonia indica var. elba (Hadidi) Hadidi; Candollea 27(1): 88 (1972)
= Fagonia indica var. schweinfurthii Hadidi; Rech.f., Fl. Iranica 98: 6 (1972)
= Fagonia jolyi var. brevispina Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 92 (1925)
= Fagonia ovalifolia subsp. pakistanica Ghafoor; Fl. W. Pakistan 76: 16 (1974)
= Fagonia pakistanica (Ghafoor) Tabassum, Omer & Qaiser; Pakistan J. Bot. 30: 159 (1998)
= Fagonia parviflora var. brevispina Schweinf.
= Fagonia rangei Loes. ex Dinter
= Fagonia schweinfurthii (Hadidi) Hadidi; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 121: 273 (1973)
= Fagonia schweinfurthii (Hadidi) M.Hall; Edinburgh J. Bot. 68(2): 197 (2011), isonym
= Zygophyllum paulayanum (J.Wagner & Vierh.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia scabra Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt. Arab. 88 (1775)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Cape Verde Isl. (Sal Isl.); Israel (Rift Valley, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai)
20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CVI 34 ISR SIN
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia albiflora A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appliq. 15: 961 (1935)
= Fagonia fruticans Coss. ex T.Anderson; J. Linn. Soc. 5: Suppl. 1: 12 (1860)
= Fagonia fruticans var. decumbens Batt.; Fl. Algerie, Suppl. Phan.: 33 (1910)
= Fagonia getula Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 338 (1875)
= Fagonia kahirina Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 8: 122 (1849)
= Fagonia kahirina var. flamandioides Le Houér.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 107: 22 (1960)
= Fagonia kahirina var. longipes Maire
= Fagonia kahirina var. pedunculata Ozenda; Trav. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 14: 54 (1956)
= Fagonia kahirina var. pseudocretica Pamp.
= Fagonia kahirina var. sinaica (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. 1: 905 (1867)
= Fagonia longipedicellata Ghafoor; Fl. Libya 38: 37 (1977)
= Fagonia microphylla Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 338 (1875)
= Fagonia microphylla var. decumbens (Batt.) Maire; Trav. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 14: 58 (1956)
= Fagonia microphylla var. fruticans (Coss. ex T.Anderson) Ozenda & Quézel; Trav. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 14: 58 (1957)
= Fagonia pseudocretica Pamp.; Arch. Bot. [Forli] 12: 33 (1936)
= Fagonia sinaica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 1, 1: 61 (1843)
= Fagonia sinaica var. albiflora (A.Chev.) Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München. 11: 392 (1974)
= Fagonia sinaica var. kahirina (Boiss.) Hadidi; Bot. Not. 125(4): 531 (1972), et in Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, 11:392 (1974)
= Fagonia sinaica var. longipes (Maire) Hadidi; Fl. Libya 38: 22 (1977)
= Fagonia sinaica var. microcarpa L.Chevall.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sdr. 2, 3: 769 (1903)
= Fagonia sinaica var. pseudocretica (Pamp.) Hadidi; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 11: 393 (1974)
= Fagonia taeckholmiana Hadidi; Candollea 21: 29, f. 7A (1966)
= Zygophyllum scabrum (Forssk.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia scoparia Brandegee; Univ Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 181 (1911)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum scoparium (Brandegee) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia socotrana (Balf.f.) Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7, App. 2: 272 (1899)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Rub al Khali); Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut)
35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia cretica var. socotrana Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12 (115): 403 (1884)
= Fagonia migiurtinia Hadidi; Webbia 33(1): 82 (1978)
= Fagonia nummularifolia Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 181 (1895)
= Fagonia socotrana var. somalica Sprague; (1908)
variant :
var. luntii (Baker) Hadidi; Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 121(5): 276 (1973)
Distribution: Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Iran; Oman; Yemen
24 DJI SOC SOM 34 IRN 35 OMA YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia luntii Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 330 (1894)
= Zygophyllum luntii (Baker) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia spinosissima Blatt. & Hallb.; Journ. Ind. Bot. 1: 89 (1919)
Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum spinosissimum (Blatt. & Hallb.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia subinermis Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. I. 1: 62 (1842)
Distribution: Iran (SE-Iran); Pakistan (S-Baluchistan)
34 IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia indica var. subinermis (Boiss.) Hadidi; Candollea 27(1): 86 (1972)
= Zygophyllum subinerme (Boiss.) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia villosa D.M.Porter; Contr. Gray Herb., No. 192, 120 (1963)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Zygophyllum villosum (D.M.Porter) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
species :
Fagonia zilloides Humbert; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 18: 144 (1927)
Distribution: S-Morocco; Western Sahara; SW-Algeria; Mauritania
20 ALG MOR WSA 22 MTN
Synonyms: hidden
= Fagonia malvana Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 31: 15 (1940)
= Zygophyllum zilloides (Humbert) Christenh. & Byng; Global Fl. 4: 93 (2018)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.3 (June 16th, 2024)

Covering 355,120 accepted species,
8,650 hybrids, 47,763 accepted infraspecific taxa and 997,061 synonyms,
in total 1,408,594* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life