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Ver. 19.3
June 16th, 2024

404.0000 Family Cactaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 310 (1789), nom. cons.
133 genera, ca. 1700-1800 spp. There has been excessive splitting, leading to over 3000 species in some collectors view. The phylogeny is still somewhat in flux, but is getting more stabilized now. It should be good practice in the future that each ´new species´ description is confirmed by molecular genetics, not only by morphology.
Species listed in database: 1783; hybrids: 77
= Cereaceae DC. & Spreng.(transl.Jameson); Elem. Philos. Pl.: 142 (1821)
= Nopaleaceae Schmid & Curtman; Pflanzenr. 2: 135 (1856)
= Opuntiaceae Desv.; S. Gérardin de Mirecourt & N. A. Desvaux, Dict. Rais. Bot.: 52, 385 (1817)
404.5501 Genus Frailea Britton & Rose; The Cactaceae 3: 208 (1922)
Distribution: E-Bolivia, S-Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, N Argentina
Species listed in database: 18
species :
Frailea alexandri Metzing; Bradleya 24: 124 (2006)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
species :
Frailea altasensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 126 (1997)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Remarks: status doubtful
species :
Frailea aureispina F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 124 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 209 (1979)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay
84 BRA 85 URU
Remarks: often believed to be a synonym of F. pygmaea, based on wrong identifications, but according to Hofacker et al. 2024 a distinct taxon
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea aureispina var. pallidior F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 209 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. aureispina (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
species :
Frailea buenekeri W.R.Abraham; Succulenta (Netherl.) 69(3): 64 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum buenekeri (W.R.Abraham) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Frailea buenekeri subsp. densispina Hofacker & K.Herm; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 48(3): 61 (1997)
= Frailea buenekeri subsp. gemmrichii Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 54 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea buenekeri subsp. pygmaeoidea Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 55 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea densispina (Hofacker & K.Herm) N.Gerloff; Cactus & Co. 5(3): 142 (2001)
species :
Frailea castanea Backeb.; Backeb. & Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 248, 415 (1935)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Artigas, Rivera, Salto); Argentina (Entre Rios, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum asterioides (Werderm.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum castaneum (Backeb.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum perumbilicatum (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Echinocactus asterioides (Werderm.) Werderm.; Blossf., Kakteensamen, 11 (1938)
= Frailea asterioides var. backebergii F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 210 (1979)
= Frailea asterioides var. harmoniana F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 211 (1979)
= Frailea asteroides Werderm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 6 (1937)
= Frailea castanea f. albiseta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 216 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea castanea f. auricantha Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 216 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea castanea f. ferruginea Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 215 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea castanea subsp. harmoniana (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
= Frailea castanea subvar. spinosior (F.Ritter) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 214 (1997)
= Frailea castanea var. perumbilicata (F.Ritter) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 213 (1997)
= Frailea perumbilicata F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 125 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 206 (1979)
= Frailea perumbilicata var. spinosior F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 207 (1979)
species :
Frailea cataphracta (Dams) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae 3: 210 (1922)
Distribution: Bolivia; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Cordillera); Argentina (Corrientes)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum cataphractum (Dams) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum matoanum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum melitae (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum uhligianum (Backeb.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 15 (2005)
= Echinocactus cataphractus Dams; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 172 (1904)
= Frailea cataphracta subsp. duchii (G.Moser) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
= Frailea cataphracta subsp. melitae (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
= Frailea cataphracta subsp. melitae (Buining & Brederoo) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 63 (1997), isonym
= Frailea cataphracta var. duchii G.Moser; Nation. Cact. Succ. J. (U. K.) 32(4): 83 (1977)
= Frailea cataphractoides Backeb.; Kakteenlex. 159 (1966)
= Frailea matoana Buining & Brederoo; Cact. Succ. J. (U. SA.) 43(4): 139 (1971)
= Frailea melitae Buining & Brederoo; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 25(6): 121 (1974)
= Frailea schilinzkyana subsp. matoana (Buining & Brederoo) Berka; Kaktusy (Brno) 40(Special 1): 14 (2004)
= Frailea uhligiana Backeb.; Backeb. Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 6 (1963)
species :
Frailea chiquitana Cárdenas; Nat. Cact. & Succ. J. 6: 8 (1951)
Distribution: Bolivia (Cordillera Prov., Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum chiquitanum (Cárdenas) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum pullispinum (Backeb.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Frailea larae R.Vásquez; Revista Soc. Estud. Bot. 1(1): 5-8 (1994)
= Frailea pullispina Backeb.; Backeb. Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 6 (1963)
= Frailea pullispina var. atrispina Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 6 (1963)
= Frailea pullispina var. centrispina Backeb.; Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 6 (1963)
species :
Frailea curvispina Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen, 50-51: CVIe (1972)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum curvispinum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
species :
Frailea diersiana Schädlich; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 71(7): 180 (2020)
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Frailea erythracantha R.Pontes, A.S.Oliveira & Deble; Phytotaxa 369(3): 212 (2018)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status not confirmed by molecular data
species :
Frailea gracillima (Lem.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae 3: 209 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. gracillima
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Rivera); Argentina (Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum alacriportanum (Backeb. & Voll) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum albifuscum (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum gracillimum (Lem.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum lepidum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum pseudogracillimum (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Echinocactus gracillimus Monv. ex Lem.; Cact. Gen. Nov. & Sp. 24 (1839)
= Frailea alacriportana Backeb. & Voll; Arquiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 9: 174 (1949)
= Frailea alacriportana subsp. feeburgii Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 116 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea alacriportana subsp. itapuensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 119 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea alacriportana subsp. longicylindrica Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 118 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea albifusca F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 124 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 202 (1979)
= Frailea gracillima f. lepida (Buining & Brederoo) Hofacker & Berka; Kaktusy (Brno) 40(Special 1): 15 (2004)
= Frailea gracillima subsp. alacriportana (Backeb. & Voll) N.Gerloff; Mitteilungsbl. Frailea 2(1): 15 (1997)
= Frailea gracillima subsp. albifusca (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
= Frailea gracillima subsp. luteiflora Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 111 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea lepida Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen 54: CVIe (1973)
= Frailea pseudogracillima F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 201 (1979) (nom. nov.)
subspecies :
subsp. horstii (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum horstii (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Frailea buiningiana f. gracilispina Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 135 (1997)
= Frailea buiningiana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 133 (1997)
= Frailea gracillima var. fecotrigensis (Prestlé) Berka; Kaktusy (Brno) 40(Special 1): 15 (2004)
= Frailea horstii F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 125 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 202 (1979)
= Frailea horstii subsp. camaquaensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 132 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea horstii subsp. fecotrigensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 131 (1997)
= Frailea horstii subsp. nanus Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 130 (1997), anglice, without type
subspecies :
subsp. machadoi Hofacker, Olsthoorn & R.Pontes; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 73(4): 98 (2022)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
species :
Frailea mammifera Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen, 50-51: CVIe (1972)
subspecies :
subsp. mammifera
Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
83 BOL 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum mammiferum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Frailea atrobella Diers, Krahn & R.Vásquez; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 62(6): 156 (2011)
= Frailea magnifica Buining ex Prestlé; Gattung Frailea: 56 (1997), nom. inval.
= Frailea mammifera subsp. robusta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 51 (1997), anglice, without type
subspecies :
subsp. angelesiae R.Kiesling & Metzing; Cactac. Syst. Init. 21: 18 (2006)
Distribution: Argentina (Entre Rios)
85 ARG
species :
Frailea phaeodisca (Speg.) Backeb. & F.M.Knuth; Kaktus-ABC: 250 (1936)
Distribution: Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Durazno, Lavalleja, Rivera, Tacuarembo)
85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum perbellum (Prestlé) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum phaeodiscum (Speg.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (1905)
= Echinocactus pygmaeus var. phaeodiscus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 11: 497 (1905)
= Frailea perbella Prestlé; Succulenta (Netherl.) 59: 115 (1980)
= Frailea pygmaea var. phaeodisca (Speg.) Y.Itô; Cacti 1952: 70 (1952)
species :
Frailea piltzii C.A.L.Bercht & Schädlich; Succulenta (Netherl.) 96(6): 254 (2017)
Distribution: Paraguay
85 PAR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status not confirmed by molecular data
species :
Frailea pumila (Lem.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae 3: 209 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. pumila
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay); Uruguay (Artigas, Rivera, Salto, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum albiareolatum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum carminifilamentosum (Kilian) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum chrysacanthum (Hrabe) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum deminutum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum knippelianum (Quehl) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum pumilum (Lem.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Echinocactus knippelianus Quehl; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 9 (1902)
= Echinocactus pumilus Lem.; Cact. Aliq. Nov. Desc. 21 (1838)
= Echinocactus pumilus var. gracillimus K.Schum.; Gesamtbeschr. Kakt.: 394 (1898)
= Frailea albiareolata Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen 53: CVIe (1973)
= Frailea carminifilamentosa f. winkelmanniana (Kilian) Prestlé; Gattung Frailea (Br. 63 R.) Prestlé: 175 (1997), basionym not validly publ.
= Frailea carminifilamentosa Kilian; Backeb. Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 6 (1963)
= Frailea carminifilamentosa subsp. dyntariana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 175 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea carminifilamentosa subsp. ibicuiensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 178 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea carminifilamentosa subsp. itaquiensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 176 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea carminifilamentosa subsp. ustinaldensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 177 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea carminifilamentosa var. winkelmanniana Kilian ex Backeb.; Kakteenlex.: 159 (1966)
= Frailea chrysacantha Hrabe; Kaktusy (Brno), 65(Listopad-Prosinec): 131 (1965), et Succulenta 47: 140 (1968)
= Frailea deminuta Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen 54: CVIe (1973)
= Frailea hlineckyana Cervinka; Frailea 1971(2): 13 (1971)
= Frailea jajoiana Cervinka; Frailea 1971(2): 13 (1971)
= Frailea knippeliana (Quehl) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae 3: 211 (1922)
= Frailea pumila subsp. albiareolata (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
= Frailea pumila subsp. albiareolata (Buining & Brederoo) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 166 (1997)
= Frailea pumila subsp. alegretensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 164 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. aquatica Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 170 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. aurantiaca Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 182 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. boosiana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 183 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. chrysacantha (Hrabe) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 158 (1997), without full basionym ref.
= Frailea pumila subsp. concordiaensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 151 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. corrienta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 181 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. deminuta (Buining & Brederoo) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 170 (1997)
= Frailea pumila subsp. editha Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 153 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. hlineckyana (Cervinka) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 159 (1997)
= Frailea pumila subsp. iguaraica Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 179 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. jajoana (Cervinka) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 160 (1997)
= Frailea pumila subsp. maior (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74: 130 (1995)
= Frailea pumila subsp. meseta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 151 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. multiceps Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 167 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. necopina Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 173 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. neoeditha Prestlé; Gattung Frailea (Br. Fg´ R.) Prestlé: 154 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. pubispina Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 16,5 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. tenuissima Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 171 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila subsp. uruguayana Prestlé; Gattung Frailea (´Br. u´ R.) Prestlé: 152 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila var. curvispina Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 180 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pumila var. maior F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 206 (1979)
subspecies :
subsp. colombiana (Werderm.) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 156 (1997)
Distribution: Colombia (Valle)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea colombiana (Werderm.) Backeb.; Blätt. Kakteenf. Pt. 7, p. 7 (1935), nomen, Backeb. in Backeb. & Knuth, Kaktus-ABC, 248 (1935)
= Echinocactus colombianus Werderm.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 11: 271 (1931)
species :
Frailea pygmaea (Speg.) Britton & Rose; Cactaceae 3: 210 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. pygmaea
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Durazno, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rivera, Rio Negro, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo,Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum asperispinum (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum aureinitens (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum aureispinum (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum aureum (Backeb.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
= Astrophytum dadakii (Fric) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
= Astrophytum pseudopulcherrimum (Y.Itô) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum pulcherrimum (Arechav.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum pygmaeum (Speg.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Echinocactus dadakii Fric; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 31: 15 (1921)
= Echinocactus pulcherrimus Arechav.; Anal. Mus. Montevid. 5: 222 (1905)
= Echinocactus pygmaeus Speg.; Anal. Mus. Buenos Aires 11: 497 (1905)
= Frailea amerhauseri Prestlé; Succulenta (Netherl.) 81(3): 130-135 (2002)
= Frailea asperispina F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 124 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 208 (1979)
= Frailea aurea Backeb.; Backeb. & Knuth, Kaktus-ABC: 247 (1936)
= Frailea aureinitens Buining & Brederoo; Succulenta (Netherl.) 55: 62 (1976)
= Frailea dadakii (Fric) A.Berger; Kakteen: 341 (1929)
= Frailea pseudopulcherrima Y.Itô; Expl. Diagr. Austroechinocact. 294 (1957)
= Frailea pulcherrima (Arechav.) Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 99: 131 (1925)
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. altigibbera (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. asperispina (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. aureinitens (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. hyssooniana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 83 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea subsp. lilalunula (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
= Frailea pygmaea subvar. cabucaensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 103 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea subvar. maldonadensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 76 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea subvar. mammilata Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 88 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea subvar. trainta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 77 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea subvar. transqueraensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 78 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. aceguaensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 103 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. altigibbera F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 203 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. applanata Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 81 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. argenta Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 87 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. atrofusca Backeb.; Cact.: Handb. Kakteenk. 3: 1660 (1959)
= Frailea pygmaea var. aurea (Backeb.) Backeb.; Cact.: Handb. Kakteenk. 3: 1661 (1959)
= Frailea pygmaea var. auricantha Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 81 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. bagensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 102 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. carpinteria Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 78 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. castaneoidea Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 79 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. corallina Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 82 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. curvispina F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 204 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. dadakii (Fric) Backeb.; Cact.: Handb. Kakteenk. 3: 1660 (1959)
= Frailea pygmaea var. gemmrichii Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 98 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. gloriosa Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 79 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. insignia Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 91 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. krausiana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 80 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. largoensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 77 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. lilalunula F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 203 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. longispina F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 204 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. maior F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 204 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. mollispina-brunnea Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 99 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. montana Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 81 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. olimarensis Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 82 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. planicosta F.Ritter; Kakteen Südamer. 1: 204 (1979)
= Frailea pygmaea var. pulcherrima (Arechav.) Prestlé; Gattung Frailea: 84 (1997)
= Frailea pygmaea var. santanaensis Prestlé; Gattung Frailea (Br fs R.) Prestlé: 87 (1997), anglice, without type
= Frailea pygmaea var. viridilunula Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 97 (1997), anglice, without type
= Malacocarpus pulcherrimus (Arechav.) Britton & Rose; Cact. 3: 194 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. albicolumnaris (F.Ritter) Hofacker; Cact. Consens. Init. 6: 11 (1998)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea albicolumnaris F.Ritter; Succulenta (Netherl.) 49: 124 (1970), et Kakteen Südamer. 1: 207 (1979)
= Astrophytum albicolumnare (F.Ritter) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 12 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. fulviseta (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea fulviseta Buining & Brederoo; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 24(8): 170 (1973)
= Astrophytum fulvisetum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. tuyensis (Buining & G.Moser) Metzing; Cactac. Syst. Init. 21:16 (2006)
Distribution: Paraguay
85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea cataphracta var. tuyensis Buining & G.Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) et Succulenta 50(4): 64 (1971) 50(7): 135 (1971)
= Frailea cataphracta var. tuyensis Buining & Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) 50(4): 64 (1971) (without type)
= Frailea cataphracta subsp. tuyensis (Buining & Moser) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 130 (1995)
species :
Frailea schilinzkyana (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cact. 3: 210 (1922)
subspecies :
subsp. schilinzkyana
Distribution: Paraguay (Concepcion, Paraguari); Uruguay (Rio Negro); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Santa Fe)
85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Astrophytum friedrichii (Buining & Moser) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005), nom. inval. basionym without type
= Astrophytum grahlianum (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005), with incorrect basionym page
= Astrophytum ignacionense (Buining & Moser) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 13 (2005), nom. inval.
= Astrophytum moserianum (Buining & Brederoo) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 14 (2005)
= Astrophytum schilinzkyanum (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Halda & Malina; Acta Mus. Richnov., Sect. Nat. 12(1): 15 (2005)
= Cactus grahlianus (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Kuntze; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 21: 173 (1903)
= Cactus schilinzkyanus (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Kuntze; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 21: 173 (1903)
= Echinocactus grahlianus F.Haage ex K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 9: 54 (1899)
= Echinocactus grahlianus var. adustior Rolfe; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 14: 156 (1904)
= Echinocactus schilinzkyanus F.Haage ex K.Schum.; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 7: 108 (1897)
= Echinocactus schilinzkyanus var. grandiflorus F.Haage; Monatsschr. Kakteenkd. 8: 143 (1898)
= Frailea friedrichii Buining & G.Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) 50: 25 (1971)
= Frailea grahliana (F.Haage ex K.Schum.) Britton & Rose; Cact. 3: 209 (1922)
= Frailea grahliana subsp. moseriana (Buining & Brederoo) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 196 (1997)
= Frailea grahliana subsp. ybatensis (Buining & G.Moser) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 195 (1997)
= Frailea ignacionensis Buining & G.Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) et Succulenta 50(4): 63 (1971), without type, et 50(7): 135 (1971)
= Frailea moseriana Buining & Brederoo; Kakteen, 50-51: (1972)
= Frailea ybatensis Buining & G.Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) et Succulenta 50(3): 46 (1971) 50(7): 135 (1971)
subspecies :
subsp. concepcionensis (Buining & G.Moser) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74: 131 (1995)
Distribution: Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); Paraguay (Concepcion)
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Frailea angelicana Diers & Schädlich; Kakt. u. a. Sukk. 64(8): 212, figs. (2013)
= Frailea concepcionensis Buining & G.Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) et Succulenta 50(3): 49 (1971) 50(7): 135 (1971)
= Frailea concepcionensis Buining & Moser; Succulenta (Netherl.) 50(3): 49 (1971) (without type)
= Frailea grahliana subsp. concepcionensis (Buining & G.Moser) Prestlé; Gatt. Frailea 190 (1997)
= Frailea schilinzkyana subsp. concepcionensis (Buining & Moser) P.J.Braun & Esteves; Succulenta (Netherl.) 74(3): 131 (1995)
species :
Frailea stockingeri Prestlé; Gattung Frailea: 136 (1997)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.3 (June 16th, 2024)

Covering 355,120 accepted species,
8,650 hybrids, 47,763 accepted infraspecific taxa and 997,061 synonyms,
in total 1,408,594* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life