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134.0000 Family Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30557; hybrids: 1460
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.4325 Genus Galearis Raf.; Herb. Raf. 71 (1833), et Fl. Tellur. 2: 39 (1836), s. l.
Distribution: temperate Asia, Myanmar, North America (2). Aceratorchis, Aorchis and Amerorchis are frequently treated as separate genera.
Species listed in database: 10
= Aceratorchis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 328 (1922)
= Amerorchis Hultén; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7: 34 (1968)
= Aorchis Verm.; Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 25: 32 (1972)
= Chondradenia Maxim. ex F.Maek.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 8 (1902)
= Galeorchis Rydb.; Man. Fl. N. States [Britton] 292 (1901), nom. superfl.
= Neolindleya Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 651 (1898)
species :
Galearis camtschatica (Cham. & Schltdl.) X.H.Jin, Schuit. & W.T.Jin; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 77: 50 (2014)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
31 RFE 32 KGZ TZK 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnadenia camtschatica (Cham. & Schltdl.) Miyabe & Kudô; Fl. Saghalin, No. 545 (1915)
= Gymnadenia decipiens (Lindl.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 281 (1919)
= Gymnadenia vidalii Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 512 (1879)
= Neolindleya camtschatica (Cham. & Schltdl.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 646 (1935)
= Neolindleya decipiens (Lindl.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 651 (1899)
= Neottia camtschatica (Cham.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 707 (1821-35)
= Orchis camtschatica Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 27 (1828)
= Platanthera camtschatica (Cham. & Schltdl.) Makino; Ill. Fl. Japan 702 (1948)
= Platanthera camtschatica (Cham. & Schltdl.) Soó; Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Rolando Eötvös, Sect. Biol. 11: 61 (1969), isonym
= Platanthera decipiens Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 290 (1835)
species :
Galearis cyclochila (Franch. & Sav.) Soó; Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Rolando Eötvös, Sect. Biol. 11: 72 (1969)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, NE-Qinghai); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Aorchis cyclochila (Franch. & Sav.) T.Hashim.; Proc. 12th World Orchid Conf. 1987 (eds. K. Saito & R. Tanaka): 119 (1987)
= Galearis cyclochila var. palczewskii (Kraenzl.) Soó; Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Rolando Eötvös, Sect. Biol. 11: 72 (1969)
= Galeorchis cyclochila (Franch. & Sav.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 669 (1935)
= Galeorchis cyclochila var. palczewskii (Kraenzl.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 351 (1966)
= Gymnadenia cyclochila (Franch. & Sav.) Korsh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 12: 396 (1892)
= Habenaria cyclochila Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 516 (1878)
= Orchis cyclochila (Franch. & Sav.) Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 31: 104 (1886)
= Orchis palczewskii Kraenzl.; Russk. Bot. Zhurn. 1913: 26 (1913)
species :
Galearis fauriei (Finet) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
Distribution: Japan (Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondradenia fauriei (Finet) Sawada ex F.Maek.; Wild Orchids Japan 456, 107 (1971)
= Chondradenia yatabei Maxim. ex Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 11: 413 (1897), nomen
= Galeorchis chondradenia (Makino) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Orchis chondradenia Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 16: 89 (1902), nom. superfl.
= Orchis fauriei Finet; J. Bot. [Morot] 12: 340 (1898)
= Orchis yatabei (Maxim. ex Makino) Makino; Ill. Fl. Japan 704 (1948)
= Platanthera yatabei Maxim.; Index Pl. Jap. [Matsumura] 2: 262 (1905), nomen
species :
Galearis huanglongensis Q.W.Meng & Y.B.Luo; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(4): 690 (2008)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unverified, not mentioned in Fl. of China
species :
Galearis roborovskii (Maxim.) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale; Fl. China 25: 92 (2009), also spelled ´roborowskyi´, or ´roborowskii´
Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Qinghai, W-Sichuan, Xinjiang); S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); ?Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Aorchis roborovskii (Maxim.) Seidenf.; Nordic J. Bot. 2(1): 9 (1982)
= Chusua roborovskii (Maxim.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26: 175 (1971)
= Galearis paxiana (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
= Galearis stracheyi (Hook.f.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
= Galearis szechenyiana (Rchb.f. ex Kanitz) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
= Galeorchis paxiana (Schltr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Galeorchis roborovskii (Maxim.) Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 670 (1935)
= Galeorchis stracheyi (Hook.f.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Galeorchis szechenyiana (Rchb.f. ex Kanitz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Gymnadenia stracheyi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 6: 128 (1890)
= Orchis paxiana Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 330 (1922)
= Orchis roborovskii Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg n. s. 31: 104 (1887)
= Orchis stracheyi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 6: 128 (1890), et Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 22: t. 2197 (1894)
= Orchis szechenyiana Rchb.f. ex Kanitz; Növényt. Gyujtesek Eredm. Grof Szechenyi Bela Keletazsiai Utjabol 58, t. 616g 1-4 (1891)
species :
Galearis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) R.M.Bateman; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 104(3): 439 (2009)
Name: Round-leaved Orchis
Distribution: Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Yukon, N. W. T., S-Nunavut, British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Québec, Labrador, Newfoundland, N-New Brunswick); N-USA (N-Maine, N-Vermont, N-New Hampshire, N-New York, N-Michigan, N-Wisconsin, N-Manitoba, Montana, NW-Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Amerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7: 34 (1968)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. angustifolia (J.Rousseau) P.M.Br.; Wild Orchids Canad. Marit. & N. Gr. Lakes 284 (2006)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. beckettii (B.Boivin) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 35 (1967 publ. 1968)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. immaculata Mazurski & Laur.P.Johnson; Lindleyana 10(1): 1 (1995)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. lineata (Mousley) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7: 34 (1968)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. rosea P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 10: 34 (2004 publ. 2005)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia f. wardii P.M.Br.; N. Amer. Native Orchid J. 10: 34 (2004 publ. 2005)
= Amerorchis rotundifolia var. lineata (Mousley) W.J.Schrenk; Orchidee (Hamburg) 28(3): 98 (1977)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. angustifolia (J.Rousseau) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14(1): 14 (2020)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. beckettii (B.Boivin) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14(1): 15 (2020)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. immaculata (Mazurski & Laur.P.Johnson) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14: 15 (2020)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. lineata (Mousley) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14(1): 15 (2020)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. rosea (P.M.Br.) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14(1): 15 (2020)
= Galearis rotundifolia f. wardii (P.M.Br.) P.M.Br.; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 14(1): 15 (2020)
= Habenaria rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Richardson; Narr. Journey Polar Sea [Franklin], 750 (1823)
= Orchis rotundifolia Banks ex Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 588 (1814)
= Orchis rotundifolia f. angustifolia J.Rousseau; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 27: 371 (1957)
= Orchis rotundifolia f. beckettii B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 87: 42 (1960)
= Orchis rotundifolia f. lineata (Mousley) E.G.Voss; Rhodora 68: 462 (1966)
= Orchis rotundifolia var. lineata Mousley; Canad. Field-Naturalist 55: 65 (1941)
= Platanthera rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 292 (1835)
= Ponerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 353 (1966)
species :
Galearis spathulata (Lindl.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
Distribution: China (SE-Gansu, NE-Qinghai, Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); E-Tibet; S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aorchis spathulata (Lindl.) Verm.; Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 25: 33 (1972)
= Aorchis spathulata var. wilsonii (Schltr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 20 (3-4): 350 (1974 publ. 1975)
= Galearis diantha (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 171 (1971)
= Galeorchis diantha (Schltr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Galeorchis reichenbachii Nevski; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 4: 670 (1935), nom. nov.
= Galeorchis spathulata (Lindl.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 351 (1966)
= Galeorchis spathulata var. foliosa (Finet) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 351 (1966)
= Galeorchis spathulata var. wilsonii (Schltr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 352 (1966)
= Gymnadenia spathulata Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 280 (1835)
= Habenaria spathulata (Lindl.) Benth.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 355 (1881)
= Orchis diantha Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 131 (1924)
= Orchis spathulata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. ex Benth.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 355 (1880) [non L.f. (1781)]
= Orchis spathulata var. foliosa Finet; Rev. Gén. Bot. 13: 516 (1901)
= Orchis spathulata var. wilsonii Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1: 131 (1924)
= Oreorchis wilsonii Schltr.; Acta Horti Gothob. 1934: 132 (1934)
= Ponerorchis diantha (Schltr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 20 (3-4): 352 (1974 publ. 1975)
species :
Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf.; Herb. Raf. 72 (1833), et Fl. Tellur. 2: 39 (1836)
Name: Showy Orchis
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Québec, Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galearis biflora Raf.; Herb. Raf. 72 (1833)
= Galearis spectabilis f. albiflora (Ulke) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 63(5): 410 (1987)
= Galearis spectabilis f. gordinieri (House) R.E.Whiting & Catling; Naturaliste Canad. 109(2): 277 (1982)
= Galearis spectabilis f. willeyi (F.Seym.) P.M.Br.
= Galeorchis spectabilis (L.) Rydb.; Man. Fl. N. States [Britton] 292 (1901)
= Galeorchis spectabilis f. gordinieri House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 50: 243 (1923)
= Habenaria humilis (Michx.) Sw.; Adnot. Bot. 46 (1829)
= Habenaria spectabilis (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 689 (1826)
= Orchis humilis Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 155 (1803)
= Orchis spectabilis f. albiflora Ulke; Castanea 3: 70 (1938)
= Orchis spectabilis f. gordinieri Weath.; Connecticut State Geol. Surv. Bull. 48: 39 (1931)
= Orchis spectabilis f. willeyi F.Seym.; Rhodora 72: 48 (1970)
= Orchis spectabilis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 943 (1753)
= Orchis spectabilis var. lilacina Ames; Amer. Gardening 21: 375 (1901)
species :
Galearis tschiliensis (Schltr.) P.J.Cribb, S.W.Gale & R.M.Bateman; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 104(3): 439 (2009)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, S-Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NW-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; India (Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aceratorchis albiflora Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 328 (1922)
= Aceratorchis tschiliensis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 329 (1922)
= Galearis tschiliensis (Schltr.) S.C.Chen, P.J.Cribb & S.W.Gale; Fl. China 25: 91 (2009)
= Galeorchis albiflora (Schltr.) Grubov; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 7: 114 (1977)
= Orchis aceratorchis Soó; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Nat. Hung. 26: 350 (1929)
= Orchis tschiliensis (Schltr.) Soó; Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Nat. Hung. 26: 351 (1929)
species :
Galearis wardii (W.W.Sm.) P.F.Hunt; Kew Bull. 26(1): 172 (1971)
Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan, W-Sichuan); E-Tibet; Myanmar (Kachin)
36 CHI TIB 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Orchis wardii W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 215 (1921)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life