489.0000
Family
Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14248; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot. ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen.: Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
489.4044
Genus
Galium L.; Sp. Pl. 105 (1753)
Distribution: Cosmopolitan, but chiefly temp. regions. The genus remains polyphyletic and will need further split in the future. Sections Aparinoides, Depauperata, G. maximowiczii and G. paniculatum will be separate genera.
Species listed in database: 635; hybrids: 28
= Aparinanthus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s., 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine Guett.; Hist. Acad. Roy. Sci. Mém. Math. Phys. (Paris, 4to) 1750: 189 (1754)
= Aparinella Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s., 16: 397 (1868)
= Aspera Moench; Methodus [Moench] 641 (1794)
= Bataprine Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 264 (1910)
= Chlorostemma Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s., 16: 398 (1868)
= Eyselia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 199 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Relbunium (Endl.) Hook.f.; Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 2: 149 (1873)
= Trichogalium Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 16: 396 (1868)
species :
Galium abaujense
Borbás; Abaui-Torna Vármegye Fl. 444 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. abaujense
Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; C-Romania; Ukraine
11 HUN SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium abaujense subsp. vertesense (Boros) Soó; Feddes Repert. 83: 168 (1972)
= Galium mollugo var. vertesense Boros; Bot. Közlem. 35: 317 (1928)
= Galium pycnotrichum var. vertesense (Boros) Michalk.; Biologia (Bratislava) 48: 48 (1993)
subspecies :
subsp. polonicum
(Blocki) Soó; Feddes Repert. 83(3). 168 (1972)
Distribution: SE-Poland; Lithuania; NW-Ukraine
11 POL 14 LIT UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aristatum var. polonicum (Blocki) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium carpaticum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 462 (1961)
= Galium ×polonicum Blocki; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 37: 189 (1887)
species :
Galium achurense
Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 13: 25 (1950)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE
species :
Galium acrispum
(Dempster & Stebbins) Guilliams & Hasenstab; Phytoneuron 2024-69: 3 (2024)
Name: Santa Clemente Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium catalinense subsp. acrispum Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif Publ. Bot. 64: 11 (1973)
species :
Galium acrophyum
Hochst. ex Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 69 (1911)
Distribution: ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hochstetteri Pic.Serm.; Webbia 7: 339 (1950)
= Galium simense Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 344 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium simense var. hysophilum R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., III 25(5): 79 (1948)
= Galium simense var. keniense R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., III 25(5): 79 (1948)
species :
Galium acuminatum
Ball; J. Bot. 11: 334 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Galium acutum
Edgew.; Tr. L. S. 20: 61 (1846)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan, ?Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperifolium var. setosum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 240 (1940)
= Galium floribundum Jacquem. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 208 (1881), nom. illeg., non Sm.
variant :
var. himalayense
(Klotzsch & Garcke) R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 195 (1996)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan); Tibet; India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium himalayense Klotzsch & Garcke; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar 88 (1862)
species :
Galium adhaerens
Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 5: 106 (1856)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium advenum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 152 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: NW-Greece (incl. Lefkada); ?S-Albania
13 GRC
Remarks: incurvum agg.
species :
Galium aegeum
(Stoj. & Kitanov) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28(11): 1535 (1975)
Distribution: Bulgaria; NE-Greece (Thrakia, Mt. Falakron, Rodopi, Thasos)
13 BUL GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aegeum f. pubescens Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1535 (1975)
= Galium decorum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 133 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium firmum subsp. aegeum Stoj. & Kitam.; God. Sofijsk. Univ. 42: 71 (1946)
species :
Galium aetnicum
Biv.; Stirp. Rar. Sic. Descr. 4: 21 (1816)
Distribution: Sardinia; C- & S-Italy; Sicily
12 SAR 13 ITA SIC
Remarks: lucidum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aetnense C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul. 60 (1819)
= Galium cinereum var. aetnense (C.Presl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium lucidum var. aetnicum (Biv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium trinacrium Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 238 (1818)
species :
Galium afropusillum
Ehrend.; Sitz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat., Abt. 1, clxix. 414 (1960)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
species :
Galium aladaghense
Parolly; Willdenowia 25(1): 244 (1995)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium albescens
Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 462b (1847)
Distribution: Australia (Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium alboflorum
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 34 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium album
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 7 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. album
Name: White bedstraw (EN), Weißes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; England; Ireland [I]; Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Siberia (W-Siberia); USA [I] (Connecticut [I])
10 DEN fin GRB ice ire nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA ROM SIC SLV SMA 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 30 SIB 75 usa
Remarks: mollugo agg. Assignment of the synonyms is tentative. The species was often combined with G. mollugo.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album var. praticola (Heinr.Braun) Michalk.; Biologia (Bratislava) 48: 48 (1993)
= Galium beckhausianum G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 121 (2010)
= Galium dumetorum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 78 (1852)
= Galium elatum subsp. erectum Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: ? (1887)
= Galium elatum Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 76 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Galium elatum var. dumetorum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum Huds.; Fl. Angl., ed. 2: 68 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Galium gerardi var. hosmariense Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 335 (1924), nomen
= Galium gerardi var. parviflorum Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 335 (1924)
= Galium lucidum var. guilhelmi Pau & Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 192 (1936)
= Galium mixtum Stranski; Sborn. Balg. Akad. Nauk., Klon Prir.-Mat. 6: 134 (1921)
= Galium mollugo f. brevifrons Borbás & Heinr.Braun; Heinr. Braun, 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. hypotrichum Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. levicaule Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. longifolium Kucowa; Pawl., 324, 311 (1967)
= Galium mollugo f. praeflorens Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo f. pubescens (Schrad.) Heinr.Braun; 132 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. sepivagum Heinr.Braun; 198 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. subpubescens Heinr.Braun; 162 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. talenceanum (Gand.) Heinr.Braun; 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. umbrosum Beckh.; Fl. Westfalen 509 (1893)
= Galium mollugo subsp. album (Mill.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 185 (2000)
= Galium mollugo subsp. dumetorum (Jord.) E.Baumann; 456 (1911)
= Galium mollugo subsp. elatum (Thuill.) Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 2: 313 (1868)
= Galium mollugo subsp. elatum (Thuill.) Syme; 218 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. erectum Syme; Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3B 4: 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. scabrum With. ex Hook.f.; 178 (1870)
= Galium mollugo subvar. brevifrons (Borbás & Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. levicaule (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. pubescens (Schrad.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. subpubescens (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Leers; Fl. Herborn. 53 (1775), nom. inval.
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Roth; 65 (1788), nom. inval., et 182 (1789)
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Wallr.; 55 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. bakeri Syme; 218 (1865)
= Galium mollugo var. boraeanum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. dumetorum (Jord.) Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. dumetorum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 14 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum (Thuill.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum (Thuill.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb. 89 (1836), isonym
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Wender.) Wirtg.; 92 (1841)
= Galium mollugo var. erectum Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1: 278 (1864)
= Galium mollugo var. glabratum Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 103 (1823)
= Galium mollugo var. guilhelmii (Pau & Sennen) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1134 (1941)
= Galium mollugo var. hirtum Döll; 450 (1843)
= Galium mollugo var. hosmariense Pau ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 294 (1931)
= Galium mollugo var. hypotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Leers; 53 (1775), nom. inval.
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Roth; 65 (1788), nom. inval., et 182 (1789)
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 55 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. mixtum (Stranski) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. 2: 1050 (1925)
= Galium mollugo var. nevadense Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 2: 313 (1868)
= Galium mollugo var. parviflorum (Pau) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium mollugo var. praticola Heinr.Braun; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 42: 196 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. pubescens Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. 1: 103 (1823)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Schrad.; 16 (1794)
= Galium mollugo var. sericeum Wirtg.; 92 (1841)
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 14 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum Jess.; 84 (1879)
= Galium patzkeanum G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 121 (2010), nom. nov.
= Galium sphenophyllum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 465 (1961)
= Galium sylvestre Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 104 (1771)
subspecies :
subsp. amani
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 133(1-2): 109 (1979)
Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
13 TUE 34 LEB SYR TUR
subspecies :
subsp. prusense
(K.Koch) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey
13 BUL 14 KRY 33 GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium fagetorum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 466 (1961)
= Galium fasciculatum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 467 (1961)
= Galium juzepczukii Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 719 (1958)
= Galium mollugo var. anatolicum K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 31 (1846)
= Galium prusense K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 466 (1851)
= Galium zelenetzkii Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 470 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. pycnotrichum
(Heinr.Braun) Krendl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 114: 539 (1967)
Name: Behaartes Weißes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (rare NE-Greece, NC-Greece, Thasos, Mt. Athos); Turkey
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 13 ALB BIH GRC KOS NMA SLV SRB 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album f. pubescens (Schrad.) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1535 (1975)
= Galium album var. petraeum (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 23: 381 (1977 publ. 1978), nom. illeg.
= Galium firmum var. euboeum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 712 (1901)
= Galium mollugo f. pycnotrichum Heinr.Braun; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 132 (1892)
= Galium mollugo subsp. pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 117 (1949)
= Galium mollugo subvar. pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. petraeum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 283 (1866)
= Galium mollugo var. pubescens Schrad.; Spic. Fl. Germ. 16 (1794)
= Galium pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) A.Kern.; A. Kern., 70 (1893)
= Galium pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Borbás; Fl. Austro-Hung. 6: 70 (1893)
subspecies :
subsp. suberectum
(Klokov) E.Michálk.; Biología, Bot. (Czechoslovakia) 48(1): 48 (1993)
Distribution: ?European Russia; Ukraine
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suberectum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 463 (1961)
species :
Galium amatymbicum
Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 370 (1837)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium ambiguum
W.Wight; Zoe 5: 55 (1900), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. ambiguum
Name: Yolla Bolly bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. siskiyouense
(Ferris) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 17 (1968), nom. illeg.
Name: Siskiyou bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ambiguum var. siskiyouense Ferris; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 337 (1955), nom. inval.
species :
Galium amblyophyllum
Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 56 (1841)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 37 MON
species :
Galium amorginum
Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 712 (1901)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Naxos, Kinaros, Folegandros, Sikinos, Ios, Keros, Amorgos); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
species :
Galium amurense
Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 716 (1958)
Distribution: Siberia (Khabarovsk); Russian Far East (Amur, Chita, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
Remarks: often included in G. boreale
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. amurense (Pobed.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 581 (1979)
species :
Galium andrewsii
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 537 (1864 publ. 1865)
subspecies :
subsp. andrewsii
Name: Andrews´ bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. gatense
(Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 12 (1968)
Name: Serpentine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium andrewsii var. gatense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 186 (1958)
subspecies :
subsp. intermedium
Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 13 (1968)
Name: Phloxleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium andringitrense
Homolle ex Puff; Pl. Syst. Evol. 140: 61 (1982)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Galium anfractum
Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., Ser. II. 3: 29 (1894)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Galium anguineum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174: 200 (1991)
Distribution: NE-Iraq; C-Iran; W-Iran
34 IRN IRQ
species :
Galium angulosum
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 74 (1876)
Distribution: Isla Guadalupe
79 GLP
species :
Galium angustifolium
Nutt.; Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Am. 2: 22 (1841)
subspecies :
subsp. angustifolium
Name: Narrowleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. bernardinum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium angustifolium var. diffusum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium angustifolium var. siccatum (W.Wight) Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium siccatum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 54 (1900)
= Galium trichocarpum Nutt.; Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 22 (1841), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. borregoense
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 88 (1971)
Name: Borrego bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. foliosum
(Hilend & J.T.Howell) Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 89 (1971)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. foliosum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 134 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. gabrielense
(Munz & I.M.Johnst.) Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 90 (1971)
Name: San Antonio Canyon bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gabrielense Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 299 (1924)
= Galium siccatum var. anotinum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 962 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. gracillimum
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 90 (1971)
Name: Slender bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. jacinticum
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 92 (1971)
Name: San Jacinto bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. nudicaule
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 94 (1971)
Name: Narrowleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. onycense
(Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 94 (1971)
Name: Onyx Peak bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. onycense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 189 (1958)
species :
Galium angustissimum
(Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Ehrend.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 56: 229 (1948)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mite var. angustissimum Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 58B: 295 (1938)
species :
Galium anisophyllon
Vill.; Prosp. 20, Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 2: 317 bis. (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. anisophyllon
Name: Ungleichblättriges Labkraut, Alpen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpestre Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 225 (1818)
= Galium anisophyllum var. hirtellum (Briq.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 219 (1914)
= Galium argenteum Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
= Galium aureum subsp. umbellulatum (Velen.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 154 (1889)
= Galium bocconei All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 6 (1773)
= Galium bocconei J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis] 238 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Galium bocconei var. micranthum Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 249 (1828)
= Galium commune proles alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 35 (1903)
= Galium commune f. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 145 (1902)
= Galium commune subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. rubriflorum Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium commune var. oxyphyllum (Wallr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium decipiens var. pubescens Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium ehrendorferi Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961), nom. superfl.
= Galium glabrum var. anisophyllon (Vill.) Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 139 (1809)
= Galium multicaule Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 33 (1853), nom. illeg.
= Galium multicaule var. eriophyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 55 (1822)
= Galium multicaule var. oxyphyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 55 (1822)
= Galium multicaule var. polyphyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 54 (1822)
= Galium pumilum subsp. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 58: 84 (1913)
= Galium pumilum subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Dostál; Kvetena CSR: 1379 (1949)
= Galium pumilum subsp. tenue (Vill.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 36 (1903)
= Galium pusillum subsp. tenue (Vill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 141 (1894)
= Galium sylvestre f. bocconei (All.) Lindm.; 507 (1918)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 141 (1894)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. bocconei (All.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 430 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. bocconei (All.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 101 (1834)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. puberulum Christ ex Gremli; 218 (1874)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. supinum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Wimm. & Grab.; 126 (1827)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre Rhiner; 179 (1894), nom. inval.
= Galium sylvestre var. anisophyllon (Vill.) Prantl; 468 (1884)
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconei (All.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 43 (1824)
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconei Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. pygmaeum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 792 (1823)
= Galium tenue Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 20 (1779)
= Galium umbellatum var. oxyphyllum (Wallr.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
= Galium umbellulatum Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1888(2): 37 (1889)
subspecies :
subsp. plebeium
(Boiss. & Heldr.) Ehrend.; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 323 (1991)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare mountains of N-Greece, Samothraki)
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anisophyllon var. plebeium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 55 (1875)
= Galium plebeium Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 2: 116 (1856)
= Galium sylvestre var. plebeium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
species :
Galium ankaratrense
Homolle ex Puff; Pl. Syst. Evol. 140(1): 67 (1982)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Galium antarcticum
Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 303 (bis) (1846)
Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén, Magallanes); Macquarie Isl.; Falkland Isl.; South Georgia Isl.
85 ARG CLE 91 FAL MAQ SGE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium debile Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 303 (bis) (1846)
= Galium trifidum d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 612 (1826)
species :
Galium antitauricum
Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 375 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium antuneziae
Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 1 (1988)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium aparine
L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Kleb-Labkraut, Kletten-Labkraut (DE); Stickywilly (EN); Raspilla cuajaleches (ES)
Distribution: Svalbard [I]; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. almost all islands); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl.); Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; La Réunion [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Negev Desert); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); China [I]; South Korea [I]; Pakistan; Nepal; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico [I]; Isla Guadalupe [I]; Guatemala [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR sva SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR SEL 23 bio 29 reu 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 36 chi 38 kor 40 IND NEP PAK 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 70 ASK GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 glp mex 80 gua 81 his 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 85 arg cle jnf par
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine hispida Moench; Methodus [Moench] 640 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Aparine vulgaris Hill; Herb. Brit. 2: 149 (1770)
= Asperula aparine (L.) Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 1: 114 (1809), nom. superfl.
= Asperula aparine var. aparine (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 332 (1879), nom. inval. Galion aparinum (L.) St.-Lag., Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 113 (1880)
= Asterophyllum aparine (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; F. C. L. Spenner, Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)
= Crucianella purpurea Wulff ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 448 (1840)
= Galium aculeatissimum Kit. ex Kanitz; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 548 (1863)
= Galium adhaerens Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 13 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium aparine f. hirsutum (Beckm.) Kucowa; Pawl., 323 (1967), nom. illeg.
= Galium aparine f. intermedium (Mérat) R.J.Moore; Canad. J. Bot. 53: 881 (1975)
= Galium aparine subsp. agreste P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium aparine var. agreste P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain & Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium aparine var. fructibushispidis Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 6: 36 (1883)
= Galium aparine var. hirsutum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 774 (1823)
= Galium aparine var. intermedium (Mérat) Bonnet; Petite Fl. Paris. 191 (1883)
= Galium aparine var. marinum Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt. 24 (1828)
= Galium aparine var. microphyllum Clos; Gay
= Galium aparine var. minor Hook.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 290 (1833)
= Galium aparine var. pseudoaparine (Griseb.) Speg.; Rev. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 526 (1897)
= Galium aparine var. subglabrum Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 122 (1838)
= Galium aparine var. thalassicum Beurl.; Bot. Not. 1854: 137 (1854)
= Galium aparine var. verum Wimm. & Grab.; 119 (1827), nom. inval.
= Galium asperum Honck.; Verz. Gew. Teutschl. 423 (1782), nom. illeg.
= Galium australe Reiche; Fl. Chile 3: 149 (1900), nom. superfl.
= Galium borbonicum var. makianum Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 518 (1895)
= Galium charoides Rusby; Phytologia 1: 80 (1934)
= Galium chilense Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 2: 302(bis) (1846)
= Galium chonosense Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 3: 189 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium hispidum Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 154 (1809)
= Galium horridum Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 370 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Galium intermedium Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 3, 2: 255 (1831), nom. superfl.
= Galium lappaceum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 59 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium larecajense Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 244 (1912)
= Galium parviflorum Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 472 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium pseudoaparine Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 25 (1854)
= Galium segetum K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 33 (1843)
= Galium tenerrimum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 279 (1866)
= Galium uliginosum Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 58 (1784), nom. illeg.
= Galium uncinatum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 484 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Rubia aparine (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 373 (1880)
species :
Galium aparinoides
Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 30 (1775)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aparine var. hamatum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hook.f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 11 (1861)
= Galium hamatum Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 345 (1847)
= Galium trachycaypum Clarke; Trav. 2: 260 (1812)
species :
Galium araucanum
Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 731 (1894)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suffruticosum var. araucanum (Phil.) Reiche; Fl. Chile 3: 147 (1902)
species :
Galium arenarium
Loisel.; Fl. Gall. 85 (1806)
Name: Sand-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; N-Spain (Cantabrian coast); SW-France
11 ger 12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierosolymitanum Thore; Essai Chloris 40 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Galium megalospermum var. hierosolymithanum Thore ex Lam. & DC.; Fl. Franc., ed. 3, 4: 249 (1805)
= Galium mollugo var. arenarium (Loisel.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. 56 (1827)
species :
Galium arequipicum
Dempster; Allertonia 5: 318 (1990)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium aretioides
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 42 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium argense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 307 (1965)
Name: Argus bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium aristatum
L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 152 (1762)
Name: Grannen-Labkraut (DE), Awned bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; France; SW-France; Italy; Croatia; Belarus [I]; USA [I] (New York [I])
11 AUT GER SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA 14 blr 75 usa
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula papillosa A.Kern. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium aristatum f. brevifolium Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1911: 60 (1911)
= Galium aristatum var. scabriusculum W.D.J.Koch; 333 (1836)
= Galium aristatum var. transsilvanicum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium bericum Turra; Giorn. Italia Sci. Nat. 1: 119 (1765)
= Galium erectum var. transsilvanicum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium laevigatum var. aristatum (L.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium linifolium Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: no. 8 (1768)
= Galium mollugo var. aristatum (L.) Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 249 (1828)
= Galium stenophyllum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 283 (1866), pro syn.
= Galium sylvaticum Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 1: 219 (1809), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. aristatum (L.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 23 (1903)
= Galium transsilvanicum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 33 (1853)
species :
Galium arkansanum
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 80 (1883)
Name: Arkansas bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma)
74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium arkansanum var. pubiflorum E.B.Sm.; Brittonia 31(2): 281 (1979)
species :
Galium armenum
Schanzer; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82: 126 (1997)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
species :
Galium ascendens
Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 390 (1825)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca, Meta)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium scabrum (Kunth) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 39 (1857)
= Rubia scabra Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 340 (1818)
species :
Galium aschenbornii
S.Schauer; Linnaea 20: 701 (1847)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Nariño); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium flaccidum Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 39 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium fraseri Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 244 (1912)
= Galium galeottianum Walp.; Repert. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium geminiflorum M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(1): 126 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Galium uropetalum Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 66 (1881)
= Relbunium aschenbornii (S.Schauer) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 62 (1881)
= Rubia acuminata M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ll(1): 127 (1844)
= Rubia debilis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 340 (1819), non Galium debile Desv. (1818)
species :
Galium asparagifolium
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(6): 91 (1859)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece, Peloponnisos); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC NMA 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aureum subvar. asparagifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. asparagifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 62 (1875)
= Galium rigidifolium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 124 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
species :
Galium asperifolium
Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 381 (1820)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Dir, Hazara, Kurram, Murree); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperifolium var. obovatum Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan 190: 83 (1989)
= Galium lividum Jacquem. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 207 (1881), pro syn.
= Galium mollugo subsp. asperifolium (Wall.) Kitam.; Fauna Fl. Nepal Himalaya 230 (1955)
= Galium parviflorum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 207 (1825)
= Galium pseudohirtiflorum H.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(1): 117 (1980)
variant :
var. lasiocarpum
W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 303-304 (1990)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. sikkimense
(Gand.) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 241 (1940)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi); Sri Lanka; Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
= Galium esquirolii H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 48 (1915)
= Galium sikkimense Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 307 (1919 publ. 1920)
variant :
var. verrucifructum
Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 241 (1940)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium asperuloides
Edgew.; Tr. L. S. 20: 61 (1846)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar); ?Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Dir, Kurram, Hazara); Nepal; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula consanguinea Klotzsch; B. Reise Pr. Waldem. 87, t. 74 (1862)
= Galium triflorum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 205 (1881), non Michx., 1803.
species :
Galium asprellum
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 78 (1803)
Name: Rough bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium micranthum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1:: 103 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium pennsylvanicum Muhl. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Mant. 3: 183 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium spinulosum Raf.; Précis Découv. Somiol. 40 (1814), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium atherodes
Spreng.; Syst. Nat., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2, Cur. Post.): 39 (1827)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari); Uruguay (Rivera); Argentina (Misiones, Santa Fe)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ericoides var. atherodes (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
= Galium filiforme Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2. 61 (1923)
= Relbunium atherodes (Spreng.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 107 (1889)
= Rubia uruguayensis Arechav.; Anal. Mus. Montevideo 6: 85 (1907)
species :
Galium atlanticum
Ball; J. Bot. (London) 11: 334 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco; ?Algeria
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium murbeckii Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 12: 44 (1921)
= Galium pumilum subsp. atlanticum (Ball) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 99 (1924)
= Galium pumilum var. laxissimum Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 36 (1927)
= Galium pumilum var. mesatlanticum Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 36 (1927)
= Galium sylvestre var. atlanticum (Ball) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 485 (1878)
species :
Galium aucheri
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 40 (1843)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran, C-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium auratum
Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 469 (1961)
Distribution: Crimea
14 KRY
species :
Galium australe
DC.; Prod. 4: 608 (1830)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium australe var. pilosohispidum Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 447 (1867)
= Galium squalidum Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 462b (1847)
species :
Galium austriacum
Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 1: 51 (1773)
Name: Österreicher Labkraut
Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; ?Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT CZE HUN SLO 13 BIH CRO SLV
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium austriacum subsp. balatonense (Borbás) Ehrend. ex Soó; Feddes Repert. 83: 168 (1972)
= Galium austriacum var. balatonense Borbás; Exsicc. (Herb. Europ.) 1893: 7305 (1893)
= Galium decipiens var. glabrum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium decipiens var. hispidum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827)
= Galium sylvestre var. austriacum (Jacq.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 43 (1824)
= Galium sylvestre var. austriacum (Jacq.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879), isonym
species :
Galium azerbayjanicum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174(3-4): 202 (1991)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; NW-Iran
33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium azuayicum
Dempster; Allertonia 3: 242 (1982)
Distribution: Ecuador (type only)
83 ECU
species :
Galium babadaghense
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 94 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium baeticum
(Rouy) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: Portugal; SW-Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula arundana Ball ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 334 (1879), nomen
= Asperula baetica Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 80 (1891)
= Asperula pendula Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 55 (1838)
= Asperula pendula var. glaberrima Emb. & Maire; Pl. Rif Nov. 12 (1927)
= Asperula pendula var. scaberrima Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 78 (1928)
= Asperula pendula var. tubulifera Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 78 (1928)
species :
Galium baghlanense
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica 176: 203 (2005)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan)
34 AFG
species :
Galium baillonii
D.Brândza; Analele Acad. Române, Ser. 2, 2: 558 (1881)
Distribution: Romania (S-Carpathians)
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium valantioides var. baillonii (D.Brândza) Pauca & Nyár.; Savul., Fl. Republ. Popul. Române 8: 578 (1961)
species :
Galium baldense
Spreng.; Pugillus 1: 10 (1813)
Name: Monte-Baldo-Labkraut
Distribution: N-Italy (S-Alps)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pusillum var. baldense (Spreng.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 326 (1879)
= Galium helveticum var. baldense (Spreng.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 153 (1889)
species :
Galium baldensiforme
Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 1029 (1936)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium balearicum
Briq.; Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 191 (1908)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium rubrum subsp. balearicum (Briq.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr. 14 (1973)
= Galium rubrum var. balearicum (Briq.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 420 (1922)
species :
Galium basalticum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 256 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium baytopianum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 254 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium belizianum
Ortega Oliv., Devesa & Rodr.Riaño; Bot. Helv. 114(1): 2 (2004)
Distribution: NW-Portugal
12 POR
species :
Galium bellatulum
Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 472 (1961)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium bermudense
L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 105 (1753)
Name: Coastal bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Bermuda; Bahamas
75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 BAH BER
Synonyms: hidden
= Bataprine hispidula (Michx.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 264 (1910)
= Galium carolinianum F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 429 (1817)
= Galium hispidulum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 79 (1803)
= Galium hispidum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1:: 104 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium peregrinum Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.; Prelim. Cat. 24 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Galium rotundifolium var. bermudense (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
= Relbunium bermudense (L.) Britten; J. Bot. 47: 42 (1909)
= Rubia brownei Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 81 (1803), non R. Br.
= Rubia peregrina Walter; Fl. Carol. 86 (1788), sensu auct., non L.
= Rubia rotundifolia Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 706 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Rubia techensis Raf.; Fl. Ludov. 76 (1817)
= Rubia walteri DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 590 (1830)
species :
Galium bifolium
S.Watson; Bot. King´s Exped. 134, t. 14 (1871)
Name: Twinleaf bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
species :
Galium bigeminum
Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 160 (1874)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Colonia, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Salto, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium bigeminum (Griseb.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 106 (1889)
species :
Galium bingoelense
Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 21(2): 8 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium binifolium
N.A.Wakef.; Vict. Nat. 72: 69 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. binifolium
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium umbrosum var. bifolium F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 9: 188 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. conforme
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 88 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium vagans Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 461b (1847)
species :
Galium blinii
H.Lév.; Bull. Geogr. Bot. 1915. 25: 48 (1915)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bodinieri H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy. Tcheou, 366 (1914 publ. 1915)
= Galium quinatum H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Géog. Bot. 25: 47 (1915) et Cat. Pl. Yunnan 245 (1915)
species :
Galium boissieranum
(Steud.) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: S- & SC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula asperrima var. glabrescens Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 281 (1840)
= Asperula boissieri Steud. ex Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 737 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Asperula boissieriana Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 151 (1840)
= Asperula effusa Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 280 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Asperula paniculata Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov. 56 (1838), nom. superfl.
species :
Galium bolanderi
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 350 (1868)
Name: Bolander´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium arcuatum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 395 (1897)
= Galium culbertsonii Greene; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 80 (1906)
= Galium margaricoccum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 13: 371 (1878)
= Galium pubens A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 350 (1868)
= Galium pubens var. scabridum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 285 (1876)
= Galium subscabridum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
species :
Galium boreale
L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Nordisches Labkraut (DE), Northern bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; ?Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia, Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido); Pakistan (Chitral, Drosh, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Gilgit, Deosai, Astor); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Zanskar); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 IND PAK 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine borealis (L.) Hill; Herb. Brit. 2: 151 (1770)
= Galium auriense Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 310 (1868)
= Galium boreale nsubsp. intermedium (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 150(3-4): 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale f. hirtum Kucowa; Pawl., 324, 300 (1967)
= Galium boreale f. humidiusculum C.G.Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
= Galium boreale f. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
= Galium boreale f. kamtschaticum Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859)
= Galium boreale f. latifolium Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale nothosubsp. intermedium (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 150: 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale subsp. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 100 (1834)
= Galium boreale subsp. incurvatum (Urschler) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(2): 77 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Galium boreale subsp. linearifolium (Rydb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 150(3-4): 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale subsp. pseudorubioides (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17(1-2): 125 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Galium boreale subsp. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) H.Hara; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 378 (1956)
= Galium boreale subsp. ussuriense (Pobed.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh S.S.S.R. 192 (1985)
= Galium boreale subf.hirtoscabrum C.G.Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
= Galium boreale var. angustifolium (Freyn) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 226 (1940)
= Galium boreale var. ciliatum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. diffusum (Schrad. ex Link) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 208 (1831)
= Galium boreale var. elatius Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 415 (1828)
= Galium boreale var. glabrum Q.H.Liu; Fl. Hubeiensis 3: 637 (2002), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. glabrum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 465 (1825)
= Galium boreale var. glabrum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 387 (1889)
= Galium boreale var. hirsutum Serg.; Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 65 (1936)
= Galium boreale var. hispidulum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 465 (1825)
= Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 600 (1830), isonym
= Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 5 (1814)
= Galium boreale var. intermedium DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 601 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. intermedium W.D.J.Koch; 332 (1836)
= Galium boreale var. kamtschaticum (Maxim.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 103 (1909)
= Galium boreale var. koreanum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. lanceolatum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 341 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. lancilimbum W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 302 (1990)
= Galium boreale var. latifolium Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 315 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. leiocarpum Meyen; Chloris Han. 366 (1836)
= Galium boreale var. linearifolium R.Uechtr.; 137 (1876)
= Galium boreale var. linearifolium Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 375 (1900)
= Galium boreale var. nudum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 149 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. pseudorubioides Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 280 (1866)
= Galium boreale var. roseum N.Coleman; Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan 18 (1874)
= Galium boreale var. scabrum DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 601 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) Kliphuis; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 76: 459 (1973), no basionym ref.
= Galium boreale var. vogesiacum (F.Gérard) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 10 (1903)
= Galium diffusum Schrad. ex Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 134 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Galium hyssopifolium Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 1(1): 71 (1800)
= Galium mesocarpon A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 6: 67 (1893)
= Galium nervosum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 378 (1779)
= Galium orbibracteatum Chaub.; J. F. B. de Saint-Amans, Fl. Agen. 66 (1821)
= Galium rubioides var. angustifolium Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 341 (1895)
= Galium rubioides var. hyssopifolium Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 125 (1805)
= Galium rubioides var. latifolium Freyn; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 342 (1895)
= Galium rubioides Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 411 (1844), nom. inval.
= Galium schilkense Popov; Fl. Centr. Sibir. 2: 685 (1959)
= Galium septentrionale Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 253 (1818)
= Galium septentrionale var. glabrum Urschler; Phyton (Horn) 6: 53 (1955)
= Galium septentrionale var. incurvatum Urschler; Phyton (Horn) 6: 52 (1955)
= Galium strictum Torr.; Cat. Pl. New York 23 (1819)
= Galium trinerve Moench; Methodus [Moench] 486 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Galium trinervium Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 12 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium ussuriense Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 716 (1958)
= Galium utahense Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 55 (1933)
= Galium vogesiacum F.Gérard; C. Magnier, Scrin. Fl. Select. 13: 323 (1894)
= Rubia borealis (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 374 (1880)
= Trichogalium boreale (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 396 (1868)
species :
Galium boreoaethiopicum
Puff; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg. 59(3-4): 411 (1989)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Galium bornmuelleri
Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins N. F., 20: 14 (1904)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium bourgaeanum
Coss. ex Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atlant. 42 (1919)
subspecies :
subsp. bourgaeanum
Distribution: W-Algeria
20 ALG
subspecies :
subsp. maroccanum
(Ball) J.M.Monts.; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 11: 24 (1987)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bourgeanum var. maroccanum Ball; J. Bot. 11: 335 (1873)
species :
Galium boyacanum
Dempster; Allertonia 2: 411 (1981)
Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá)
82 CLM
species :
Galium brachyphyllum
Roem. & Schult.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] : 180 (1827)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpestre Steven ex Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Gorenki, ed. 1812: 43 (1812), nomen
= Galium brevifolium Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 253 (1812), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium bracteatum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 51 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria)
34 LEB SYR TUR
species :
Galium bredasdorpense
Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 244 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium brenanii
Ehrend. & Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 485 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Galium brevifolium
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 95 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. brevifolium
Name: Kurzblättriges Labkraut (DE); Short-leaved Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 1: 598 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium brevifolium var. chium (Boiss. & Orph.) Rech.f.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105: 578 (1943)
= Galium caudatum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 48 (1843)
= Galium caudatum var. chium Boiss. & Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 6: 91 (1859)
subspecies :
subsp. insulare
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 260 (1979)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Amorgos); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Fourni, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Simi, Karpathos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
species :
Galium breviramosum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 67 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (mountains of N-Greece)
13 ALB GRC KOS NMA
species :
Galium brockmannii
Briq.; Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Genève 10: 107 (1907)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brockmannii subsp. aterratzense Romo; Fl. Veg. Montsec (Pre-Pirineus Catalans): 231 (1989)
= Galium pusillum subsp. brockmannii (Briq.) O.Bolòs; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona, III 38(1): 7 (1967)
= Galium pusillum var. salvadorii Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 100 (1950)
species :
Galium broterianum
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 15 (1842)
Distribution: Portugal; C- & W-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium broterianum var. ellipticifolium Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. glabrum Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. hirtum Merino; Fl. Galicia 3: 591 (1909)
= Galium broterianum var. microphyllum Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. ovale Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium rubioides Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 148 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Galium rubioides var. broterianum (Boiss. & Reut.) Samp.; Fl. Port., ed. 2, Pires de Lima 543 (1947)
species :
Galium brunneum
Munby; Fl. Alger. 16 (1889)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brunneum var. hirsutum Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 184 (1929)
= Galium brunneum var. rhiphaeum Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 607 (1928)
= Galium clausonis Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 77 (1874)
species :
Galium bryoides
Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 266 (1945)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium buchtienii
Dempster; Allertonia 5: 301 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL PER
species :
Galium bullatum
Lipsky; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 300 (1894)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; ?NW-Iran; China (Xinjiang)
33 ARM AZE 36 CHI
species :
Galium bulliforme
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 86 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Galium bungei
Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 657 (1840)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); S-South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bungei var. miltorrhizum (Hance) K.S.Jeong & Pak; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 47: 23 (2017)
= Galium fukuyamae Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 621 (1943)
= Galium gracile Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor. 35 (1833), nom. illeg., non C. Presl 1819
= Galium gracile f. angustifolium Loes.; B.B.C.-Bl. 27: 182 (1920)
= Galium gracile f. rotundifolium Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 81, f. 20 i (1915), nomen
= Galium gracile var. miltorrhizum (Hance) Loes.; B. B. C.-Blume37: 182 (1920)
= Galium gracilens var. lutchuense (Nakai ex Kitag.) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66: 51 (1991)
= Galium gracilens var. rotundifolium (Hayata) Hatus.; Fl. Ryukyus 580 (1971)
= Galium kiirunense Masam., Suzuki & Mori; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 24: 412 (1934)
= Galium lutchuense Nakai ex Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 618 (1934)
= Galium miltorrhizum Hance; J. Bot. 6: 114 (1868)
= Galium miltorrhizum var. lutchuense (Nakai ex Kitag.) H.Hara; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 199 (1950)
= Galium miltorrhizum var. molle Migo; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 56: 300 (1942)
= Galium musyaense Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 30: 38 (1940)
= Galium pogonanthum f. interpositum Kitag.; J. Geobot. 19(4): 91 (1971)
= Galium pogonanthum f. trichopetalum (Nakai) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium pogonanthum Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 393 (1878)
= Galium pogonanthum var. trichopetalum (Nakai) H.Hara; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 199 (1950)
= Galium pogonanthum var. yakumontanum T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66: 52 (1991)
= Galium remotiflorum H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 58 (1908)
= Galium setuliflorum var. trichopetalum (Nakai) Makino; Ill. Fl. Nippon 111 (1940)
= Galium trachyspermum var. miltiorrhizum (Hance) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66(1): 51 (1991)
= Galium trachyspermum var. nudicarpum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 53: 385 (1939)
= Galium trichopetalum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 34 (1913)
variant :
var. hispidum
(Matsuda) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 222 (1940)
Distribution: China (Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gracile f. hispidum Matsuda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 130 (1912)
= Galium martini H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 58 (1908)
= Galium trachyspermum f. hispidum (Matsuda) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium trachyspermum var. hispidum (Matsuda) Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 617 (1934)
variant :
var. punduanoides
Cufod.; Österr. Bot Zeitschr. 89: 222 (1940)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. setuliflorum
(A.Gray) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 221 (1940)
Distribution: China (Shanxi, Jiangsu); South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yakushima Isl.)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium koreanum (Nakai) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 55 (1911)
= Galium pogonanthum f. nudiflorum (Makino) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium pogonanthum var. nudiflorum (Makino) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 386 (1937)
= Galium pogonanthum var. setuliflorum (A.Gray) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 386 (1937)
= Galium setuliflorum (A.Gray) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 75 (1903)
= Galium setuliflorum var. koreanum Nakai; Fl. Korea 1: 298 (1909)
= Galium setuliflorum var. nudiflorum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 75 (1903)
= Galium trachyspermum var. setuliflorum A.Gray; Bot. Jap. in Mem. Amer. Acad. New Ser. 6: 393 (1859)
variant :
var. trachyspermum
(A.Gray) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 221 (1940)
Distribution: China (Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bungei var. hispidum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 222 (1940)
= Galium gracilens (A.Gray) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 74 (1903)
= Galium trachyspermum A.Gray; Perry, Narr. Exped. China Japan 2: 313 (1857)
= Galium trachyspermum var. gracilens A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s., 6: 393 (1859)
= Galium venosum H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
species :
Galium bungoniense
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 91 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Galium buschiorum
Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78: 136 (1993)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
species :
Galium bussei
K.Schum. & K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 571 (1907)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium stenophyllum var. flavoviride Utzschn. & Merxm.; Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 43: 57 (1951)
variant :
var. glabrostrictius
Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 457 (1954)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM
variant :
var. glabrum
Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 456 (1954)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
variant :
var. strictius
Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 457 (1954)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
species :
Galium buxifolium
Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. II. 6: 150 et 400 (1886)
Name: Box bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California: St. Cruz Isl.)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium catalinense var. buxifolium (Greene) Dempster; Brittonia 10: 188 (1958)
species :
Galium cajamarcense
Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 3 (1988)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium californicum
Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 349 (1839)
subspecies :
subsp. californicum
Name: California bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. flaccidum
(Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 31 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium californicum var. crebrifolium Nutt.; J. Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 20 (1841)
= Galium flaccidum Greene; Pittonia 1: 34 (1887)
= Galium occidentale McClatchie; Erythea 2: 124 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. luciense
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 107 (1965)
Name: Cone Peak bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. maritimum
Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 31 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. miguelense
(Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 32 (1968)
Name: San Miguel Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium californicum var. miguelense (Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Jeps., Man. Fl. Calif. 961 (1925)
= Galium miguelense Greene; Pittonia 1: 34 (1887)
subspecies :
subsp. primum
Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 30 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. sierrae
Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 30 (1968)
Name: El Dorado bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium caminianum
Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] : 186 (1827)
Distribution: Greece (Skiros, N- & W-Kiklades); Crete (Koufonisi Isl.); Libya; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros); Cyprus (N-Cyprus, C-Mountains)
13 GRC KRI 20 LBY 34 CYP EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium micranthum d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 272 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium pauciflorum Kotschy; F. Unger & C. G. T. Kotschy, Ins. Cypern 260 (1865), nom. illeg.
= Galium recurvum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 609 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium recurvum var. pauciflorum (Kotschy) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 68 (1875)
species :
Galium campanelliferum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 250 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium campylotrichum
Nazim. & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 155 (1-4): 73 (1987)
Distribution: N-Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Galium canescens
Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 336 (1819)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Risaralda, Santander); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Barinas, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canescens f. alstonii Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 8 (1-4): 253 (1973)
= Galium trianae Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 24 (1912)
= Galium trichocarpon Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 392 (1824)
species :
Galium cankiriense
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 96 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium canum
Req. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 602 (1830)
subspecies :
subsp. canum
Distribution: Egypt (N-Egypt); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania)
20 EGY 34 CYP ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canum subsp. hilarionis H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 32 (1947)
= Galium canum var. confertum Post; Fl. Syria 385 (1896)
= Galium canum var. laxum Post; Fl. Syria 385 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. antalyense
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 105: 257 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. ovatum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 105: 256 (1958)
Name: Graufilziges Labkraut (DE); Grey Woolly Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: E-Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Fourni, Samos, Leros, Kalimnos, Tilos, Simi, Karpathos, Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey
13 KRI 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium autranii Post; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: 757 (1897)
= Galium incompletum Barbey; Stefani et al., Karpathos 111 (1895)
= Galium lanuginosum Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 432 (1888), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. ulukislaense
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 98 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium capense
Thunb.; Prod. Pl. Cap. 30 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. capense
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. expansum (Thunb.) Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 36 (1865)
= Galium capense var. minus Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 36 (1865)
= Galium expansum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1:: 30 (1794)
= Galium mucronatum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1:: 30 (1794), nom. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. garipense
(Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 236 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. garipense (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44: 236 (1978)
= Galium capense var. wittbergense (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44: 237 (1978)
= Galium garipense Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865)
= Galium wittbergense Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865)
subspecies :
subsp. namaquense
(Eckl. & Zeyh.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 234 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. scabrum Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865)
= Galium namaquense Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral. [Ecklon & Zeyher] 369 (1837)
species :
Galium capitatum
Bory & Chaub.; Bory, Expéd. Sci. Morée 3(2): 54 (1832)
Distribution: Greece (scattered C- & S-Greece, also Kithira, Thasos, Samothraki, Evvoia, Limnos, Paros); East Aegaean Isl. (Kalimnos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capitatum f. atrichum (Halácsy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(2): 468 (1930)
= Galium capitatum f. hemitrichum Greuter; Boissiera 13: 128 (1967)
= Galium capitatum var. atrichum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 725 (1901)
species :
Galium cappadocicum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 43 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium caprarium
Natali; Candollea 53(2): 484 (1998)
Distribution: Italy (Capraia Isl.)
13 ITA
species :
Galium cariense
Daskin & Bagcivan; Phytotaxa 308(2): 270 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium carmenicola
Dempster; Madroño 23(1): 13 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
species :
Galium carterae
Dempster; Brittonia 22: 184 (1970)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Galium caspicum
Steven; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 276 (1829)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium cassium
Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. 1, 10: 68 (1849) et Fl. 3: 76 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel)
34 ISR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cassium f. calvescens (Boiss.) Feinbrun; Fl. Palaestina 3: 249 (1978)
= Galium cassium var. calvescens Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 68 (1849)
species :
Galium catalinense
A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): Suppl. 445 (1886)
Name: Santa Catalina Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium ceratoamanianum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 99: 166 (1952)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ceratocarpon
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 35 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ceratophylloides
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 209 (1881)
Distribution: Pakistan (Murree); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Poonch)
40 IND PAK
species :
Galium ceratopodum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 45 (1843)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Farah, Herat, Kandahar, Samangan); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ SIN 35 OMA SAU
species :
Galium cespitosum
Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 262 (1792)
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); SW-France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. cespitosum (Lam.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum var. cespitosum (Lam.) Lam. & DC.; Fl. Franc., ed. 3, 4: 260 (1805)
= Galium pusillum subsp. cespitosum (Lam.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 37 (1903)
species :
Galium chaetopodum
Rech.f.; Ark. Bot., andra s. 1: 324 (1949)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel)
34 ISR
species :
Galium chekiangense
Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 270 (2010)
Distribution: China (Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Galium chloroionanthum
K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 417 (1901)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Madagascar
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM 29 MDG
species :
Galium chloroleucum
Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 1: 27 (1835), et Linnaea 10: Litt. Ber. 89 (1836)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium ciliare
Hook.f.; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 6: 461 bis (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. ciliare
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gaudichaudii var. glabrescens Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 446 (1867)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii-glabrescens Maiden & Betche; Census n. s. W. Pl. 188 (1916), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. terminale
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 82 (map) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium cilicicum
Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. 2, 5: 105 (1856) et Fl. 3: 58 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cilicicum var. alpinum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 58 (1875)
= Galium cilicicum var. procerior Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 5: 105 (1856)
= Galium cilicicum var. suffrutescens Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 58 (1875)
species :
Galium cinereum
All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 6 (1773)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca); France; Italy
12 BAL FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: often included as subspecies in G. lucidum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cinereum subvar. pallidum (C.Presl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium cinereum var. pallidum (C.Presl) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 150 (1902)
= Galium cinereum var. pubescens DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, no. 3364 (1805)
= Galium lucidum subsp. cinereum (All.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium mollugo subsp. cinereum (All.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5(55): 150 (1902)
= Galium mollugo var. cinereum (All.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 418 (1922)
= Galium mollugo var. pallidum (C.Presl) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium pallescens C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul. 60 (1819)
= Galium pallidum C.Presl; J. & C. Presl, Delic. Prag. 121 (1822)
species :
Galium circaezans
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 80 (1803)
Name: Licorice bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale Walter; Fl. Carol. 85 (1788), sensu auct.
= Galium brachiatum Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept. 15 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Galium circaeoides Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 256 (1818)
= Galium circaezans var. glabellum Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 303 (1894)
= Galium circaezans var. glabrum Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 32 (1894)
= Galium circaezans var. montanum Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 24 (1841)
= Galium rotundifolium var. circaezans (Michx.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
variant :
var. hypomalacum
Fernald; Rhodora 39: 450 (1937)
Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
species :
Galium citraceum
Boiss.; Diagn., Ser. 1: 6: 69 (1846)
Distribution: Greece (mountains of C-Greece, C-Evvoia, Mt. Taygetos); Crete (mountains)
13 GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium melanantherum var. latifolia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 69 (1846)
species :
Galium clementis
Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 56 (1933)
Name: Santa Lucia bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium cliftonsmithii
(Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 107 (1965)
Name: Santa Barbara bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nuttallii var. cliftonsmithii Dempster; Brittonia 10: 183 (1958)
species :
Galium collomiae
Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 5: 150 (1949)
Name: Fossil Hill Creek bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona)
76 USA
species :
Galium coloradoense
W.Wight; Zoe 5: 54 (1900)
Name: Colorado bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium multiflorum var. coloradoense (Wight) Cronquist; Cronquist et al., Intermountain Fl., Vasc. Pl. Intermountain West, U. S. A. 4: 530 (1984)
species :
Galium comberi
Dempster; Allertonia 2: 272 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Neuquen)
85 ARG
species :
Galium cometerhizon
Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pyr., Suppl. 154 (1818)
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); Andorra; France; Corsica
12 ADO COR FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium megalospermum subsp. cometerhizon (Lapeyr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 326 (1879)
= Galium suaveolens Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl. 23 (1818), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium compactum
Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 370 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium concatenatum
Coss.; Not. Pl. Crit. 38 (1849)
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain (Cadiz, Malaga); Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula pendula var. concatenata (Coss.) Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12(5): 336 (1924)
= Asperula pendula var. glabrescens Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 50 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Asperula pendula var. viridiflora Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 50 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Galium conglobatum Schousb. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 486 (1878)
species :
Galium concinnum
Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Am. 2: 23 (1841)
Name: Shining bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Arkansas, District of Columbia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium parviflorum Raf.; Med. Repos., Ser. 2, 5: 360 (1808), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium confertum
Royle ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 206 (1881)
Distribution: NW-India (Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium confertum var. laceanum M.P.Nayar & Malick; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 11 (3-4): 429 (1969 publ. 1972)
species :
Galium consanguineum
Boiss.; Diagn. Ser. 1, 6: 69 (1846)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon; Syria; China (Xinjiang)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium consanguineum subsp. majmechense (Bordz.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 71 (1992)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. kurdicum Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 28(2): 242 (1911)
= Galium subvelutinum var. kurdicum (Bornm.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 58B: 294 (1938)
= Galium karduchorum Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 69 (1930)
= Galium kurdicum Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 43 (1921), nom. illeg.
= Galium majmechense Bordz.; Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 5-6: 21 (1927)
= Galium verum var. consanguineum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 62 (1875)
species :
Galium coriaceum
Bunge; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 1: 136 (1829)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva)
30 SIB
species :
Galium corinthiacum
Strid & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 25(2): 223 (2019)
Distribution: C-Greece (around Korinth)
13 GRC
species :
Galium cornigerum
Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. 3: 67 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium coronadoense
Dempster; Univ. Calif Publ. Bot. 64: 31 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium correllii
Dempster; Sida 3: 249 (1968)
Name: Cliff bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Galium corrudifolium
Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 20 (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. corrudifolium
Distribution: Hungary; NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Italy; San Marino; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
11 HUN 12 BAL COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH ITA KOS SMA SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: often included as subspecies in G. lucidum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium abruptorum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 76 (1874)
= Galium adriaticum Ronniger; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien (1920), lxx, p. (59)
= Galium cinereum var. tenuifolium (All.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 595 (1830)
= Galium ericoides Arv.-Touv.; Ess. Pl. Dauph. 32 (1871), nom. illeg.
= Galium foliosum Munby ex Burnat & Barbey; Voy. Bot. Baleares, 28 (1882)
= Galium fontanesianum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 75 (1874)
= Galium lucidum subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium lucidum subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983), isonym
= Galium lucidum subvar. nitidum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. corrudifolium (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. tenuifolium (All.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium mollugo subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium nitidum Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 659 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Galium simplex Arv.-Touv.; Ess. Pl. Dauph. 31 (1871)
= Galium tenuifolium All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 6 (1773)
subspecies :
subsp. falcatum
(Willk. & Costa) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 78, 565 (1984)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium corrudifolium var. falcatum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 100 (1859)
= Galium erectum f. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 2: 689 (1939)
= Galium lucidum var. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Socorro & S.Tarrega; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 42: 244 (1985)
= Galium rigidum var. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Pl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
species :
Galium corsicum
Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ?(2): 39 (1827)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium campestre Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 248 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium corsicum var. pallescens Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 26 (1850)
= Galium corsicum var. soleirolii (Loisel.) Natali & Jeanm.; Rubiaceae: Compl. Prodr. Fl. Corse 74 (2000)
= Galium mediterraneum DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium nudiflorum Viv.; Fl. Cors. Prodr., App. 2: 3 (1830)
= Galium rubrum subsp. corsicum (Spreng.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 140 (1894)
= Galium rubrum subsp. corsicum (Spreng.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 25 (1903), isonym
= Galium rubrum subvar. pallescens (Gren.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 25 (1903)
= Galium rubrum subvar. rubriflorum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 25 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium rubrum var. corsicum (Spreng.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 143 (1915)
= Galium soleirolii Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 399 (1827)
= Galium soleirolii var. mediterraneum (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 329 (1879)
species :
Galium corymbosum
Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Risaralda, Tolima); Venezuela (Apure, Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Coquimbo)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apiculatum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 332 (1817)
= Galium benthamianum Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium ciliatum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium ciliatum var. weddellianum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Galium diffusum F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 431 (1817)
= Galium hirsutum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium involucratum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 335 (1819)
= Galium kunthii Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium leucocarpum DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 612 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Galium monanthon Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Galium montanum Bartl. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 659 (1840), pro syn.
= Galium mucronatum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 60 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium sessiliflorum Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 173 (1827)
= Galium sessilifolium Willd. ex K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 117 (1888), pro syn.
= Galium tarmense Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 387 (1824), nom. superfl.
= Relbunium alpicola K.Schum. & R.E.Fr.; Nov. Acta Soc. Sci. Ups. IV 1(1): 101 (1905)
= Relbunium chloranthum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 351 (1908)
= Relbunium ciliatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 62 (1881)
= Relbunium compactum Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3(3): 49 (1893)
= Relbunium corymbosum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 118 (1889)
= Relbunium croceum subsp. involucratum (Kunth) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 527 (1855)
= Relbunium hirsutum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 116 (1889)
= Relbunium involucratum (Kunth) Diels; Biblioth. Bot. 29: 154 (1937)
= Relbunium tarmense K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 351 (1908)
= Relbunium tuberculosum (Benth.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 42 (1855)
= Rubia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl. ex Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 37 (1858)
= Rubia hirta Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 338 (1819)
= Rubia monantha DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia montana Steud.; Nom. Bot. ed. 2 1: 659 (1840)
= Rubia mucronata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
= Rubia triflora Willd. ex K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 117 (1889)
= Rubia tuberculosa Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 195 (1843)
species :
Galium cossonianum
Jafri; Fl. Libya 65: 23 (1979), nom. nov.
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
20 ALG LBY TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium petraeum Coss. ex Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 396 (1890), nom. illeg.
= Galium petraeum var. brevifolium Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl. [Battandier] 42 (1919)
= Galium petraeum var. patulum Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl. [Battandier] 42 (1919)
= Galium petraeum var. virgatum Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl. [Battandier] 42 (1919)
species :
Galium cotinoides
Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 227 (1828)
Distribution: Chile (O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble)
85 CLE
species :
Galium cracoviense
Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 419 (1960)
Distribution: S-Poland (Olsztyn, near Krakow)
11 POL
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sylvestre var. microphyllum R.Uechtr.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 32: 206 (1874)
species :
Galium crassifolium
W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 299-300, f. 1 (1990)
Distribution: China (Shanxi)
36 CHI
species :
Galium craticulatum
R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 202 (1996)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
species :
Galium crespianum
J.J.Rodr.; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 8: 55 (1879)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Dragonera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium decolorans Bourg. ex Marès; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Baléares 139 (1880), sensu auct.
= Galium firmum f. laevis Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 419 (1922)
species :
Galium cryptanthum
Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl, t. 1469 (1884)
Distribution: Pakistan (Dir); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium stewartii Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 63 (1989)
= Galium vernum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 209 (1881), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium cuatrecasasii
Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 113 (1940)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca)
82 CLM
species :
Galium curvihirtum
Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 373 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium cuspidulatum
Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 340 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Galium cyllenium
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(2): 117 (1856)
Distribution: S-Greece (Mt. Chelmos, Mt. Killini, +Mt. Taygetos)
13 GRC
species :
Galium czerepanovii
Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 720 (1958)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); NW-Iran
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR
species :
Galium dahuricum
Turcz. ex Ledeb.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 1: 312 (1845)
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Fujian, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asprellum var. dahuricum (Turcz. ex Ledeb.) Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 262 (1873)
= Galium comari H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 114 (1907)
= Galium dahuricum var. fructoglabrum Maxim.; Prim. Fl. Amur. 140 (1859)
= Galium dahuricum var. leiocarpum Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 498 (1911)
= Galium niewerthii Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 393 (1877)
variant :
var. densiflorum
(Cufod.) Ehrend.; Novon 20: 277 (2010)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pseudoasprellum var. densiflorum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 237 (1940)
species :
Galium davisii
Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 383, t. 6 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium debile
Desv.; Obs. Pl. Angers 134 (1818)
Distribution: England; Portugal; Spain; ?Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Hungary; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, also Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Thasos, Samothraki, Sporades, Limnos, Andros, Paros, Naxos); Crete; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); New Zealand [I]
10 GRB 11 HUN 12 CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG MOR 33 NCS 34 EAI LEB SYR TUR 51 nzl
Remarks: palustre agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aragonesii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne & Maroc 1928-35, 193 (1936)
= Galium congestum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 172 (1846)
= Galium constrictum Chaub.; St.-Amans, Voy. Bot. Landes 208 (1818)
= Galium constrictum var. angustifolium Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 57 (1895)
= Galium constrictum var. congestum (Jord.) Bég.; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Ital. 3: 114 (1903)
= Galium constrictum var. congestum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879)
= Galium constrictum var. creticum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879)
= Galium constrictum var. debile (Desv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 153 (1889), nom. superfl.
= Galium constrictum var. rhiphaeum Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 611 (1928)
= Galium creticum Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 66 (1849)
= Galium debile f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 260 (1911)
= Galium debile f. terrestre Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 258 (1911)
= Galium debile var. congestum (Jord.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 40 (1850)
= Galium debile var. humile Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 2: 322 (1868)
= Galium elongatum subsp. debile (Desv.) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 398 (1890)
= Galium fruticosum Sieber ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 60 (1875), nom. inval.
= Galium junceum Heldr. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 60 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Galium krymense Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 713 (1958)
= Galium palustre Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 322 (1868), sensu auct.
= Galium palustre subsp. constrictum (Chaub.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 301 (1894)
= Galium palustre subsp. debile (Desv.) Berher; L. Louis, Départ. Vosges 2: 124 (1887)
= Galium palustre subsp. debile (Desv.) Bonnier & Layens; 142 (1894), isonym
= Galium palustre var. congestum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 44 (1903)
= Galium palustre var. constrictum (Chaub.) Duby; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 597 (1830)
= Galium palustre var. constrictum (Chaub.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 44 (1903), isonym
= Galium palustre var. debile (Desv.) Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Galium palustre var. debile (Desv.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb. 89 (1836), nom. superfl.
= Galium palustre var. elatius Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 436 (1828)
= Galium palustre var. humile (Lange) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 44 (1903)
species :
Galium decumbens
(Ehrend.) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174(3-4): 207 (1991)
Distribution: C-Iran; N-Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. decumbens Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 370 (1958)
species :
Galium degenii
Bald. ex Degen; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 131 (1895)
Distribution: North Macedonia; S-Albania; Greece (mountains of NW- & C-Greece)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ossaeum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 717 (1901)
species :
Galium deistelii
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 160 (1909)
Distribution: Cameroon
23 CMN
species :
Galium delicatulum
Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 65 (1849)
Distribution: N-Iran (Mt. Demavend)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. delicatulum (Boiss. & Hohen.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 371 (1958)
species :
Galium demissum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1(3): 40 (1843)
subspecies :
subsp. demissum
Distribution: S-Bulgaria; NE-Greece (Mt. Athos, Mt. Pangaion); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
13 BUL GRC 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pedunculatum Stoj. & Stef. ex Stef. & Jordanov; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 64: 513 (1931), nomen, Stoj. & Stef. in Magyar Bot. Lapok 32: 3, descr. (1933)
= Galium stojanovii subsp. pedunculatum (Stoj. & Stef.) Stoj. & Acht.; Izv. Carsk. Prir. Inst. Sofija 12: 186 (1939)
= Galium stojanovii var. abbreviatum Stoj.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 2 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. stojanovii
(Degen) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
Distribution: SW-Bulgaria (Pirin Pl.)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium demissum f. intermedium (Stoj. & Acht.) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
= Galium demissum f. stojanovii (Degen) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
= Galium stojanovii Degen; Magyar Bot. Lapok 19: 48 (1920 publ. 1922)
= Galium stojanovii f. intermedium (Stoj. & Acht.) Ancev; Kozuharov & B. A. Kuzmanov (eds.), Evolyutsiya Tsvet. Rast. i Florogen. 1: 124 (1978)
= Galium stojanovii var. intermedium Stoj. & Acht.; Izv. Carsk. Prir. Inst. Sofija 12: 186 (1939)
species :
Galium dempsterae
B.L.Turner; Madroño 30, 31 (1983)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)
79 MEX
species :
Galium densiflorum
Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. 1: 137 (1829)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakuria); Russian Far East (Magadan); Kazakhstan
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium densiflorum f. leiocarpum Printz; Veg. Siber.-Mongol. Front. 403 (1921)
species :
Galium densum
Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 461b (1847)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium denticulatum
Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 612 (1830)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Galium desereticum
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 314 (1965)
Name: Desert bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
species :
Galium diabolense
Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 28 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium dieckii
Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 267 (1907)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium diffusoramosum
Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(8): 409 (1981)
Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Maule)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium diffusum Clos; Gay
species :
Galium dincii
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 19(2): 46 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium diphyllum
(K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 3: 227 (1982)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium diphyllum K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 117 (1889)
= Rubia diphylla (K.Schum.) K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 4: 3 (1891)
species :
Galium diploprion
Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 66 (1849)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran, C-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium divaricatum
Pourr. ex Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 580 (1788)
Name: Lamarcks Labkraut (DE); Lamarck´s Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Belgium [I]; Switzerland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, also many islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria, Fourni, Samos, Tilos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (East Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Georgia [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], Oregon [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], West Virginia [I])
11 bgm HUN SLO swi 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB TUR 50 aus 51 nzl 63 haw 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa
Remarks: parisiense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinella tenuicaulis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium anglicum subsp. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 142 (1894)
= Galium anglicum subsp. tenuicaule (Jord.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 303 (1894)
= Galium anglicum var. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Trevir.; Index Sem. (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1818: 3 (1818)
= Galium anglicum var. parvifolium (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 607 (1830)
= Galium aridicola Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 193 (1908)
= Galium divaricatum var. mungieri (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 330 (1879)
= Galium divaricatum var. tenuicaule (Fourr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 330 (1879)
= Galium gracile C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul. 60 (1819)
= Galium mungieri Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 72 (1875)
= Galium parisiense subsp. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 46 (1903)
= Galium parisiense subsp. parvifolium (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 439 (1828)
= Galium parisiense var. australe Ewart & Jean White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria 21: 549 (1909)
= Galium parisiense var. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 284 (1835 publ. 1836)
= Galium parisiense var. tenuicaule (Fourr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 46 (1903)
= Galium parvifolium Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 246 (1818)
= Galium tenellum Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 3: 188 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium tenuicaule Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 81 (1852), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium domingense
Iltis; Rhodora 59: 39 (1957)
Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brevipes Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 415 (1912) (non Fernald & Wiegand 1910)
species :
Galium dumosum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 44 (1843)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kastellorhizo Island group: Megisti Isl., Ro Isl.); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 EAI LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canum var. musciforme (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 66 (1875)
= Galium concinnum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 65 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Galium lycium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 71 (1849)
= Galium musciforme Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 44 (1843)
species :
Galium duthiei
R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 62 (2006)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium duthiei var. glabriusculum R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 65 (2006)
species :
Galium echinocarpum
Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo. 30: Art. 1, 147 (1911)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium ecuadoricum
Dempster; Allertonia 2: 253 (1980)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium ehrenbergii
Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 53 (1875)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Galium elbursense
Bornm. & Gauba; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49: 258 (1940)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium elegans
Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 382 (1820)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hunan, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Murree, Astor, Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh; N-Myanmar; Thailand; Borneo; Java
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA 42 BOR JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hamiltonii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post. 39 (1827)
= Galium javanicum var. leiocarpum Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 339 (1857)
= Galium latifolium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 133 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Galium petiolatum E.T.Geddes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 246 (1928)
= Galium pseudoellipticum Lingelsh. & Borza; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 391 (1915)
= Galium requienianum Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 443 (1834)
= Galium rotundifolium var. leiocarpum (Miq.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 205 (1881)
variant :
var. glabriusculum
Req. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans f. glabriusculum (Req. ex DC.) H.Hara ex H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 66(5): 303 (1991)
variant :
var. nephrostigmaticum
(Diels) W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 301 (1990)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nephrostigmaticum Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
variant :
var. punduanum
(Wall. ex Craib) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim); Myanmar; Thailand
40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans f. vestitum (D.Don) H.Hara; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 201 (1979)
= Galium vestitum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 133 (1825)
= Galium punduanum Wall. ex Craib; Fl. Siam. 2: 233 (1934)
variant :
var. velutinum
Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 180 (1914)
species :
Galium elongatum
C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul. 59 (1819)
Name: Hohes Labkraut (DE); Raspilla larga (ES)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered to rare mainland); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley)
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 33 GEO 34 IRN ISR TUR
Remarks: palustre agg. Separated from G. palustre (2n: 24) on cytological basis (2n: 96)
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elongatum f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgew. 3: 33 (1911)
= Galium maximum Moris; Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 55 (1827)
= Galium palustre f. elongatum (C.Presl) Borza; Consp. Fl. Român. 2: 258 (1949), isonym
= Galium palustre f. elongatum (C.Presl) Lindm.; 507 (1918)
= Galium palustre subsp. elongatum (C.Presl) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 312 (1882), isonym
= Galium palustre subsp. elongatum (C.Presl) Lange; Oeder et al., Fl. Dan. 16: t. MMDCCLXV (1869)
= Galium palustre var. elatior Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 436 (1828)
= Galium palustre var. elongatum (C.Presl) Rchb.f.; Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 17: 95, t. 144 (1855)
= Galium palustre var. lanceolatum Uechtr.; Flora (Regensburg) 5: 440 (1822)
= Galium palustre var. maximum T.Marsson; 220 (1869), non Heinr. Braun
species :
Galium emeryense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Great Basin Naturalist 37(4): 510 (1977 publ. 1978)
subspecies :
subsp. emeryense
Name: Emery County bedstraw
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Utah)
76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium coloradoense var. scabriusculum Dempster; Brittonia 11: 120 (1959)
= Galium hypotrichium subsp. scabriusculum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 13 (1956)
= Galium nitidulum var. scabriusculum Heinr.Braun ex Oborný; Fl. Mähren 1: 737 (1885)
= Galium scabriusculum (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 312 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. protoscabriusculum
(Dempster & Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Great Basin Naturalist 37(4): 510 (1977 publ. 1978)
Name: Emery County bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Utah)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium scabriusculum subsp. protoscabriusculum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 312 (1965)
species :
Galium ephedroides
Willk.; Linnaea 25: 30 (1852)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Almeria); Morocco; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ephedroides var. citrinum Maire & Wilczek; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 303 (1934)
= Galium ephedroides var. oranense Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 212 (1904)
= Galium ephedroides var. rupicola Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 395 (1890)
= Galium fruticosum subsp. ephedroides (Willk.) Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 606 (1928)
= Galium fruticosum var. citrinum (Maire & Wilczek) Emb. & Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1134 (1941)
= Galium fruticosum var. rupicola (Batt.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 712 (1934)
= Galium rupicola Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 74 (1874), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium equisetoides
(Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 212 (1936)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, San Pedro); Uruguay; Argentina (Corrientes)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium equisetoides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 533 (1955)
= Rubia equiseoides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 232 (1828)
species :
Galium ericoides
Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 583 (1786)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano)
84 BRA 85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ericoides var. intermedium Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
= Galium mycrosphyllum Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Relbunium ericoides (Lam.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 109 (1889)
species :
Galium eriocarpum
Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brevifolium Phil.; Linnaea 33: 98 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Galium eriocarpum var. leiocarpum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
= Galium philippii Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11 &12: 190 (1908)
species :
Galium eruptivum
Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 104: 580 (2003)
Distribution: Austria; Hungary; Serbia; Romania
11 AUT HUN 13 ROM SRB
species :
Galium erythrorrhizon
Boiss. & Reut.; Pugillus 51 (1852)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Nevada, Sierra de Cazorla)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium debeauxii Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 96 (1905)
= Galium erythrorrhizon f. umbrosum Pau; Carta Bot. 2: 6 (1905)
= Galium erythrorrhizon var. debeauxii (Degen & Hervier) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 435 (1929)
species :
Galium espiniacicum
Dempster; Allertonia 5: 299 (1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Galium estebanii
Sennen; Diag. Nouv. 289 (1936)
Distribution: N-, EC- & SE-Spain; Andorra; S-France (Corbiéres)
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium estebani var. leioclados (Pau) Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 208 (2003)
= Galium pinetorum Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 410 (1960)
= Galium pumilum subsp. pinetorum (Ehrend.) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium sylvestre f. leioclados Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 59 (1910)
= Galium sylvestre var. curvifolium Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 59 (1910)
species :
Galium exaltatum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 46 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (NE- & NC-Greece)
13 BUL GRC NMA TUE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium agrophilum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 49 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium avascense Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 80 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
species :
Galium exile
Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 207 (1881)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Kumaon)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 234 (1940) (non Nábelek)
species :
Galium exstipulatum
P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 4: 102 (1949)
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
species :
Galium exsurgens
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 263, t. 3, f. D (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium extensum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 89 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: Crete (fairly widespread)
13 KRI
species :
Galium falconeri
R.Bhattacharjee; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30(3): 484 (2006)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
species :
Galium fendleri
A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s., 4(1): 60 (1849)
Name: Fendler´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Galium ferrugineum
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 349 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. ferrugineum
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
subspecies :
subsp. jamesonii
Dempster; Allertonia 2: 407 (1981)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium festivum
Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82: 309 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: SW-France (C-Pyrenees)
12 FRA
species :
Galium filipes
Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 809 (1917)
Distribution: USA (Utah, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium firmum
Tausch; Flora (Regensburg) 14: 122 (1831)
Distribution: Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO KOS NMA SLV SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apiculatum Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. floribundum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. oblongifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
= Galium aureum var. scabrifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
= Galium aureum Vis.; Orto Bot. Padov. (1842) 134, in not., Fl. Dalmat. 3: 6
= Galium corrudifolium K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 466 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Galium floribundum Bory & Chaub.; Nouv. Fl. Pélop. 10 (1838), nom. superfl.
= Galium lucidum var. chrysococus K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Galium oblongifolium Heldr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 328 (1879), nom. inval.
= Galium rupestre DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 603 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium spruneri Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 116 (1846)
species :
Galium fissurense
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 249 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium fistulosum
Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., Ser. II. 3: 31 (1894), et in Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 195 (1894)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
species :
Galium flavescens
Borbás; Akad. Közl. ll(7): 266 (1874), ex Kern., Sched. 3: 958 (1884)
Distribution: N-North Macedonia; C-Romania; Bulgaria; ?European Turkey
13 BUL NMA ROM
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asparagifolium A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 20: 327 (1870), nom. illeg.
= Galium flavescens var. brevifolium Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28(11): 1535 (1975)
= Galium flavicans Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 1884: 6 (1884)
= Galium marisense Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 281 (1886)
= Galium ochroleucum Kit. ex Schult.; Österr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 305 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium scabridiforme Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 43 (1921)
species :
Galium flaviflorum
(Trautv.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 72 (1992)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo var. flaviflorum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 439 (1878)
species :
Galium floribundum
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 94 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. floribundum
Name: Dichtblühendes Labkraut (DE); Denseflowering Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: European Turkey; NE-Greece (Samothraki); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Fourni, Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Nisyros, Tilos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium floribundum var. leiocarpum Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins N. F. 24: 65 (1908)
= Galium nebulosum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 49 (1843)
= Galium nigricans f. antrorsum Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 456 (1897)
= Galium pseudointricatum Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 149 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. airoides
Hub.-Mor. ex Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 262 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium formosense
Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 55 (1934)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kwanzanense Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 56 (1934)
species :
Galium forrestii
Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium fosbergii
Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 3 (1988)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium friedrichii
N.Torres, L.Sáez, Mus & Rosselló; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 136(3): 316 (2001), nom. nov.
Distribution: Baleares (Ibiza, Formentera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium firmum f. balearicum Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 421 (1922)
= Galium firmum subsp. balearicum (Knoche) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr. 13 (1973)
species :
Galium fruticosum
Willd.; Sp. Pl. 1: 585 (1798)
Distribution: Crete (W- & C-Crete)
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dichotomum Lehm.; Index Sem. (HBG, Hamburgensis) 1823: 7 (1823)
= Galium junceum Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 91 (1806), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium fuegianum
Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 302 (1844)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, La Pampa, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
species :
Galium fuscum
M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ll(1): 126 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. fuscum
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz)
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. altiplanicum
Dempster; Univ. calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 18 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. guerrericum
Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 18 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. hypadenium
(Schauer) Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 16 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Queretaro, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypadenium Schauer; Linnaea 20: 700 (1847)
= Galium leucotrichum Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 53 (1880)
species :
Galium galapagoense
Wiggins; Madroño 20: 250 (1970)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium reynoldsii Dempster; Allertonia 2: 255 (1990)
species :
Galium galiopsis
(Hand.-Mazz.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 364 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galiopsis Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 27: 426, t. 17, f. 1, t. 18, f. 2 (1913)
species :
Galium gaudichaudii
DC.; Prod. 4: 607 (1830)
subspecies :
subsp. gaudichaudii
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium axiflorum f. laxeramosum Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
= Galium axiflorum f. minor Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
= Galium axiflorum F.Muell. ex Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1859)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii (DC.) Maiden & Betche; Census n. s. W. Pl. 188 (1916)
subspecies :
subsp. parviflorum
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 98 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Tasmania, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium axiflorum f. procerum Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
species :
Galium geminiflorum
Lowe; Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc. 6: reimpr. 19 (1838)
Distribution: Madeira (Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens
21 MDR SEL
species :
Galium ghilanicum
Stapf; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. Kl. 50: 53 (1886)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Turkey (SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Kunar / Nuristan, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); NE-Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chitralensis Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 69 (1989)
= Galium parisiense var. brachypodum Boiss.; Fl. 3: 72 (1875)
= Galium transcaucasicum Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 52 (1885)
species :
Galium gilliesii
Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 364 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. gilliesii
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, San Juan); Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lanatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. telanthos
(Phil.) Dempster; Allertonia 2: 278 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium telanthos Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 733 (1894)
= Galium trichocarpum var. telanthos (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 106: 982 (1900)
= Galium volckmannii Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 732 (1894)
species :
Galium glaberrimum
Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 3: 53 (1878)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Galium glabrescens
(Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 330 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. glabrescens
Name: Castle Lake bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium grayanum subsp. glabrescens Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 15 (1956)
subspecies :
subsp. harticum
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 333 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Oregon)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. josephinense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 332 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Oregon)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. modocense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 333 (1965)
Name: Modoc bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium glabriusculum
Ehrend.; Fl. China 19: 135 (2011), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium smithii Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 236 (1940), nom. illeg., not G. Don 1834
species :
Galium glaciale
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 159 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN UGA
variant :
var. satimmae
Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 493 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Kenya
23 ZAI 25 KEN
species :
Galium glandulosum
Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 1028 (1936)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium glaucophyllum
Em.Schmid; Viert. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 78: 253 (1933)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
species :
Galium glaucum
L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. glaucum
Name: Blaugrünes Labkraut, Waxy bedstraw
Distribution: Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; ?Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Crimea; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], New Jersey [I])
11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY UKR 72 cdn 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula campanulata (Vill.) Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 226 (1957)
= Asperula galioidea St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 13 (1880), et 8: 161 (1881)
= Asperula galioides var. glauca (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 332 (1879)
= Asperula galioides var. hirsuta Wallr.; Exsicc. 60 (1822)
= Asperula galioides var. pyrenaica (Gaudin) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 54 (1903)
= Asperula galioides var. rigidior Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Asperula galioides var. saxonica (Gaudin) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 55 (1903)
= Asperula galioides var. strictissima (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 332 (1879)
= Asperula galioides var. tenerior Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Asperula glauca (L.) Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh. 7 (1821)
= Asperula glauca f. coronata Kucowa; Pawl., 289. 288 (1967)
= Asperula glauca var. hirsuta (Wallr.) Simonk.; 279 (1887)
= Asperula strictissima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 277 (1866)
= Asterophyllum galioides (M.Bieb.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn., Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)
= Galium alpinum Scheele; Linnaea 17: 341 (1844)
= Galium campanulatum var. hirsutum (Wallr.) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 467 (1827)
= Galium campanulatum Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 19 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Galium glaucum subsp. hirsutum (Wallr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9: 273 (1974)
= Galium glaucum var. grandiflorum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. hirsutum (Wallr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 176 (1973)
= Galium glaucum var. lugdunense Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. massiliense Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. pyrenaicum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. saxicola Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. saxonicum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium grandiflorum Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse 41 (1811), nom. illeg.
= Galium halleri Suter; Helvet. Fl. 1: 88 (1802)
= Galium montanum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 155 (1762)
= Galium montanum Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 154 (1776), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. australe
Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 79, 565 (1984)
Distribution: Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium decumanum Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82: 305 (1978 publ. 1979)
= Galium teres Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 286 (1906)
subspecies :
subsp. murcicum
(Boiss. & Reut.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 569 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galioides Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 312 (1868), nom. inval.
= Asperula glauca f. subpruinosa Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 432 (1929)
= Asperula glauca subsp. pruinosa Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 432 (1929), non (Boiss.) Cuatrec. [Misapplied]
= Asperula glauca var. murcica (Boiss. & Reut.) Pau; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 5(7): 40 (1926)
= Galium murcicum Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Ser. 2, 2: 114 (1856)
species :
Galium globuliferum
Hub.-Mor. & Reese; Candollea 10: 153, t. 7 (1945)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium glomeratiflorum
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 7: 191 (2024)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium gracilicaule
Bacigalupo & Ehrend.; Darwiniana 18: 27 (1973)
Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy, Tucuman)
85 ARG
species :
Galium graecum
L.; Mant. Pl. 38 (1767)
subspecies :
subsp. graecum
Name: Griechisches Labkraut (DE); Greek Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Tilos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia graeca (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 376 (1880)
= Galium junceum Schreb.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 3: 478 (1767)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudocanum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 105: 254 (1958)
Distribution: Crete (widespread, incl. islets); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
species :
Galium grande
McClatchie; Erythea 2: 124 (1894)
Name: San Gabriel bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pubens var. grande (McClatchie) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Calif. 961 (1925)
species :
Galium grayanum
Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 15 (1956)
Name: Gray´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
variant :
var. nanum
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 321 (1965)
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium guadalupense
(Spreng.) L.Andersson; Scripta Bot. Belg. 1: 32, 116, 184 (1992)
Distribution: Nevis; St. Kitts; Guadeloupe; Dominica
81 DOM GDL STK
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia guadalupensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397 (1824)
= Relbunium guadalupense (Spreng.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 416 (1912)
= Galium guadalupense (Spreng.) Govaerts; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98: 812 (2012), isonym
species :
Galium guanwuense
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 178 (2023)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium hainesii
Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 303 (1977)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Galium hallii
Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 358 (1922 publ. 1923)
Name: Hall´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium hardhamiae
Dempster; Madroño 16: 167 (1962)
Name: Hardham´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium hatschbachii
Dempster; Allertonia 5: 303 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
species :
Galium haussknechtii
Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 389 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq)
34 IRQ TUR
species :
Galium heldreichii
Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 94 (1897)
Name: Heldreichs Labkraut (DE); Heldreich´s Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered C- & S-mainland, Evvoia, Sporades, Naxos); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Fourni, Samos, Kos, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC KRI NMA 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: mollugo agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium conforme Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 91 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
= Galium firmum var. citraceum Boiss. & Heldr. ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 713 (1901)
= Galium samium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 39 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
species :
Galium hellenicum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 73 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: ?Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of N- & C-Greece, Kerkyra, Lefkada, Kefalonia)
13 BUL GRC KOS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium circae Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 70 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium malickyi Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 150 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium mixtum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 105 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
species :
Galium hexanarium
Knjaz.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 88(12): 86 (2003)
Distribution: E-European Russia
14 RUS
species :
Galium hierochuntinum
Bornm.; Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 48: 596 (1898)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley)
34 ISR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierochuntinum var. papillosum Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot., 25(12): 81 (1976)
species :
Galium hierosolymitanum
L.; Fl. Palaest. 13 no. 73 (1756) et Amoen. Acad. 4: 451 (1759)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierosolymitanum var. glabrum Post; Fl. Syria 388 (1896)
= Galium hierosolymitanum var. hispidum Post; Fl. Syria 388 (1896)
= Galium trachyanthum Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 50 (1843)
species :
Galium hilendiae
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 310 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. hilendiae
Name: Hilend´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. carneum
(Hilend & Howell) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 311 (1965)
Name: Panamint Mountains bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. carneum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 136 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. kingstonense
(Dempster) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 311 (1965)
Name: Kingston Mountains bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. kingstonense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 190 (1958)
species :
Galium hintoniorum
B.L.Turner; Phytologia 80(4): 285 (1996)
Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Galium hirtiflorum
Req. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: Nepal; NE-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: records for Pakistan and Kashmir refer to G. subtrinervium
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ciliatum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 133 (1825), non Ruiz & Pav. (1798)
= Galium hirtiflorum var. hirsutum T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66(1): 52 (1991)
species :
Galium hirtum
Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 583 (1786)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Flores Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium geminum Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Galium reflexum Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 604 (1830)
= Relbunium hirtum (Lam.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 107 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum f. minor K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 108 (1888)
= Relbunium malmei Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 396 (1931)
species :
Galium hoffmeisteri
(Klotzsch) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem. ex R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 95 (1996)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); China (Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Pakistan (Swat, Hazara, Waziristan, Dir, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi); Nepal; Bhutan; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); N-Myanmar
34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula hoffmeisteri Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar 87 (1862)
= Galium asperuloides subsp. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) H.Hara; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 201 (1979)
= Galium asperuloides var. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1027 (1936)
= Galium asperulopsis H.J.P.Winkl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 492 (1922)
= Galium japonicum f. stenophyllum Kitag.; J. Geobot. 19(4): 92 (1971)
= Galium trifloriforme var. nipponicum (Makino) Nakai ex Mori; Enum. Pl. Corea 324 (1922)
= Galium triflorum var. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 205 (1881)
species :
Galium hohuanshanense
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 3: 104 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium huancavelicum
Dempster; Allertonia 2: 400 (1981)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium huber-morathii
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 253 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium humifusum
M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 104 (1808)
Name: Spreading bedstraw
Distribution: Hungary [I]; Romania; Bulgaria; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (widespread); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Paktia / Khost, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Quetta); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Washington State [I])
11 hun 13 BUL ROM 14 BLR KRY LIT RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 PAK 51 nzl 73 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula besseriana Klokov; Kotov, Fl. URSR 10: 456 (1961)
= Asperula cincinnata Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 456 (1961)
= Asperula conferta (K.Koch) Stankov; Stankov & Taliev, Syst. Classif. Vasc. Pl. Eur. Russ. 579 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Asperula debilis Ledeb.; Weinm., Bot. Gart. Dorpat, Suppl. 2 (1824)
= Asperula dissitiflora Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 432 (1888)
= Asperula ghautensis Post; Pl. Post. 3: 10 (1892)
= Asperula humifusa (M.Bieb.) Besser; Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec, Suppl. 3: 4 (1811)
= Asperula humifusa f. glaberrima Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923)
= Asperula humifusa f. hirsuta Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923)
= Asperula humifusa var. aspera Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(1): 8 (1867)
= Asperula humifusa var. conferta K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Asperula humifusa var. debilis (Ledeb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 332 (1879)
= Asperula humifusa var. debilis (Ledeb.) Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(1): 8 (1867)
= Asperula humifusa var. diffusa K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Asperula humifusa var. pycnantha (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 45 (1875)
= Asperula humifusa var. trichantha Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(1): 8 (1867)
= Asperula insuavis Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 708 (1958)
= Asperula pycnantha Boiss.; Diagn., Ser. 1: 10: 64 (1849)
= Asperula pycnantha var. lasiocarpa Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 64 (1849)
= Asperula turkestanica Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 275 (1937), nom. prov.
= Galium apricum Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 657 (1840)
= Galium cincinnatum (Klokov) Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 130 (1985), et Minlivist´ Sinantropn. Popul. Rosl. 26 (1997)
= Galium humifusum subsp. besserianum (Klokov) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18(1- 2): 176 (1973)
= Galium humifusum subsp. cincinnatum (Klokov) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18(1-2): 176 (1973)
= Galium humifusum var. confertum (K.Koch) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 60 (1989)
= Galium humifusum var. diffusum (K.Koch) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 60 (1989)
= Galium humifusum var. lasiocarpum (Boiss.) Meikle; Fl. Cyprus 1: 782, 807 (1977)
= Galium insuave (Pobed.) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 276 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Galium lenkoranicum Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(10): 71 (1992)
= Galium parisiense Pall.; Tabl. Phys. Topogr. Taur. 46 (1795), nom. illeg.
= Galium polycarpum Less. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 402 (1844)
= Galium pseudohumifusum Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 131 (1985), et Minlivist´ Sinantropn. Popul. Rosl. 29 (1997), nom. nov. for Asperula besseriana Klokov
species :
Galium humile
Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Cordillera, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari); Uruguay (San Jose); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium humile (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6). 105 (1889)
species :
Galium humilioides
(M.L.Porto & Ehrend.) K.De Toni & Mariath; Phytotaxa 218(3): 296 (2015)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium humilioides M.L.Porto & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(3-4): 179 (1977)
species :
Galium hupehense
Pamp.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 17: 719 (1910)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Jiangsu)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. molle Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 394 (1888)
= Galium hemsleyanum Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 3: 295 (1911)
= Galium hupehense var. molle (Hemsl.) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 224 (1940)
species :
Galium hypocarpium
(L.) Endl. ex Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. 4: 351 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. hypocarpium
Name: Relbún, kantoría [Chile]
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapa, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Tucuman); Chile (Antofagasta, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 HIS JAM 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium albicans Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium brasiliense Wawra; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29: 216 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium croceum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium fluminense Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 43 (1825)
= Galium gardneri Walp.; Repert. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium hypocarpium subsp. gracillimum (Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 317 (1990)
= Galium hypocarpium subsp. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 317 (1990)
= Galium orinocense (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397 (1824)
= Galium ovale Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium pauciflorum Willd. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 592 (1830)
= Galium pauciflorum Willd. ex K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 112 (1888), pro syn.
= Galium quitense Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 3: 186 (1848)
= Galium repugnans Kunze ex Poepp.; Coll. Pl. Chil. Exsicc. 1: 42 (1835)
= Galium rupestre (Gardner) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 17 (1847), nom. illeg.
= Relbunium bangii Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 374 (1907)
= Relbunium croceum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 116 (1889)
= Relbunium glaberrimum Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 297 (1929)
= Relbunium gracillimum Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 539 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. fluminense (Vell.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 537 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. grandifolium Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 536 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. nitidum (Kunth) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 536 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. alpestre K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. incanum (Kunth) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 113 (1888)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; FI Bras. 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. viridiflorum Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7(app. 1): 85 (1899)
= Relbunium indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 540 (1955)
= Relbunium nitidum (Kunth) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 114 (1889)
= Relbunium orinocense (Kunth) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 112 (1889)
= Relbunium ovale (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 115 (1889)
= Relbunium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Herter; Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 7: 231 (1943)
= Relbunium rupestre (Gardner) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 79: 538 (1955)
= Relbunium wettsteinii Zahlbr.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 85 (1923 publ. 1924)
= Rubia affinis Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 111 (1845)
= Rubia brownei Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397 (1824)
= Rubia chilensis Molina; Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili 141 (1782)
= Rubia chilensis Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 1: 604 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Rubia crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia glabra Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 112 (1845)
= Rubia hispida Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 397 (1824), nomen
= Rubia hypocarpia (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia incana Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 338 (1819)
= Rubia indecora Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 229 (1828)
= Rubia nitida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 339 (1819)
= Rubia orinocensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 339 (1819)
= Rubia ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia ramosissima Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia ramosissima var. hispida Wawra; Itin. Princ. S.-Coburg 1: 129 (1838)
= Rubia relbun Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 229 (1828)
= Rubia rupestris Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 111 (1845)
= Valantia hypocarpia L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 1307 (1759) (non Br.)
subspecies :
subsp. alluviale
(Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 315 (1990)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Santa Fe)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. alluviale Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 537 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. buxifolium
(K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 315 (1990)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium buxifolium f. microphylla K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 111 (1889)
= Relbunium buxifolium K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 110 (1889)
subspecies :
subsp. titicacum
Dempster; Allertonia 5: 318 (1990)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
species :
Galium hypotrichium
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 538 (1864 publ. 1865)
subspecies :
subsp. hypotrichium
Name: Alpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. ebbettsense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 318 (1965)
Name: Ebbett´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. inyoense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 319 (1965)
Name: Inyo bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. nevadense
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 316 (1965)
Name: Nevada bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. subalpinum
(Hilend & Howell) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 12 (1956)
Name: Subalpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. subalpinum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 136 (1934)
= Galium multiflorum var. subalpinum (Hilend & J.T.Howell) Cronquist; Cronquist et al., Intermountain Fl. 4: 531 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. tomentellum
Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 12 (1956)
Name: Alpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypotrichium var. tomentellum (Ehrend.) Dempster; Brittonia 11: 119 (1959)
species :
Galium hypoxylon
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 255 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium hyrcanicum
C.A.Mey.; Enum. 53 (1831)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, C-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium grossheimii Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 720 (1958)
= Galium hyrcanicum var. glabrum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
= Galium hyrcanicum var. puberulum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
= Galium kandavanense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174(3-4): 206 (1991)
= Galium plurifolium Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174(3-4): 203 (1991)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. hyrcanicum (C.A.Mey.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 369 (1958)
species :
Galium hystricocarpum
Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 464 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua)
79 MEX
species :
Galium idubedae
(Pau ex Debeaux) Pau ex Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 412 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. idubedae
Distribution: C- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium idubedae var. humile C.Vicioso ex Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 29: 250 (2004)
= Galium pusillum subsp. idubedae (Pau & Debeaux) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium valentinum subsp. idubedae (Pau & Debeaux) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium valentinum var. idubedae Pau & Debeaux; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 15: 153 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. javalambrense
(López Udias, Mateo & M.B.Crespo) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Flora Montiber. 58: 26 (2014)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium javalambrense López Udias, Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Flora Montiber. 24: 49 (2004)
species :
Galium iltisii
Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 8 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
species :
Galium incanum
Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 91 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. incanum
Distribution: Greece (mountains of C-Greece, Peloponnisos, Mt. Athos, Samothraki); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Jordania (S-Jordania)
13 GRC 34 EAI JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium crispulopilosum K.Koch ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium orientale Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 38 (1843)
= Galium orientale subvar. incanum (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium orientale var. alpinum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 38 (1843)
= Galium orientale var. glabrum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 39 (1843)
= Galium orientale var. latifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium orientale var. tenerum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium stoloniferum K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 32 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. centrale
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 98: 445 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium carium Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 107 (1885)
subspecies :
subsp. creticum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 98: 453 (1951)
Distribution: Crete (Mt. Dikti, ?Lefka Ori)
13 KRI
subspecies :
subsp. elatius
(Boiss.) Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 98: 454 (1951)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey; Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); N-Syria
33 GEO 34 IRN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium orientale var. elatius Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium grusinum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
subspecies :
subsp. libanoticum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 98: 451 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon; Syria
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium orientale var. hirtum Post; Fl. Syria 384 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudocornigerum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 98: 449 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium inconspicuum
Phil.; Linnaea 33: 99 (1864)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypnoides var. inconspicuum (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 106: 990 (1900)
species :
Galium incrassatum
Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 724 (1901)
Name: Dickblättriges Labkraut (DE); Thick-leaved Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: W-Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
species :
Galium incurvum
Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 92 (1806)
Distribution: Crete (higher mountains)
13 KRI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aureum var. incurvum (Sibth. & Sm.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
species :
Galium innocuum
Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 341 (1857)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; NE-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Sumatra; Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN IND 41 MYA 42 JAW MOL NWG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium modestum Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5(25): 438 (1912)
= Galium trifidum var. modestum (Diels) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 233 (1940)
species :
Galium intermedium
Schult.; Obs. Bot. 22 (1809)
Name: Schultes-Labkraut, Glattes Labkraut (DE), Schultes´ bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Bayern, Sachsen, Thüringen); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; ?Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; +Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; Ukraine; USA [I] (California [I])
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 76 usa
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aristatum subsp. schultesii (Vest) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium schultesii f. ciliatum (Kucowa) Borza; Pawl., 324, 308 (1967)
= Galium schultesii var. nikolicii Gajic; Fl. Veg. Golija Javor 570 (1989)
= Galium schultesii Vest; Flora (Regensburg) 4: 530 (1821)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. schultesii (Vest) Vollm.; 691 (1914)
= Galium sylvaticum var. angustifolium Heuff.; 88 (1858)
species :
Galium intricatum
Margot & Reut.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 304 (1839)
Distribution: S-Albania; ?North Macedonia; Greece (widespread mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., NW-Evvoia)
13 ALB GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium intricatum var. trichophorum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 331 (1879)
= Galium intricatum var. zacynthium (Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 331 (1879)
= Galium microcarpon Friv. ex Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 162 (1846)
= Galium trichopharum Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 161 (1846)
= Galium zacynthium Reut.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 304 (1839)
= Galium zacynthium var. intricatum (Margot & Reut.) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 724 (1901)
species :
Galium ionicum
Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 108: 265 (2007)
Distribution: W-Greece (Kerkyra, Paxos, Andipaxos, Lefkada, Kefalonia, Zakynthos)
13 GRC
species :
Galium iranicum
Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19 2: 266 (1906)
Distribution: W-Iran
34 IRN
species :
Galium irinae
Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 9: 367 (1987)
Distribution: Tajikistan
32 TZK
species :
Galium isauricum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 259, t. 2, f. c (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium japonicum
Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 9: 311 (1895)
Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP KOR
Remarks: often included in G. triflorum s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nipponicum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 32: 158 (1908), nom. superfl.
= Galium trifloriforme var. nipponicum Nakai; Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea 324 (1922)
species :
Galium javanicum
Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 943 (1826)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans var. javanicum (Blume) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1029 (1936)
= Galium rotundifolium var. javanicum (Blume) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 3: 205 (1881)
variant :
var. pulneyense
R.Bhattacharjee; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30(3): 486 (2006)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Galium jemense
Kotschy; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 52: 257 (1866)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 SAU YEM
species :
Galium jepsonii
Hilend & Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
Name: Jepson´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. subglabrum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 962 (1925)
species :
Galium johnstonii
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 21(2): 84 (1971), nom. nov.
Name: Johnston´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. pinetorum Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 357 (1922)
species :
Galium judaicum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 69 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
species :
Galium jungermannioides
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 43 (1843)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Galium junghuhnianum
Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 340 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Galium juniperinum
Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot., Ser. 22: 114 (1940)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)
79 MEX
species :
Galium kaganense
R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 69 (2006)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Galium kahelianum
Deflers; Voyage Yemen 145 (1889)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia; Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 SAU YEM
species :
Galium kamtschaticum
Steller ex Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] : 186 (1827)
Name: Boreal bedstraw
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec); USA (Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, Washington State)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kamtschaticum f. intermedium Takeda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 66 (1910)
= Galium littellii Oakes; Mag. Hort. Bot. 7: 179 (1841)
= Galium rotundifolium var. kamtschaticum (Steller ex Schult.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
variant :
var. acutifolium
H.Hara; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 51: 642 (1937)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)
38 JAP
variant :
var. yakusimense
(Masam.) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 58(10): 305 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium yakusimense Masam.; Prelim. Rep. Veg. Yakus. 120 (1929), Masam. in J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 2: 37 (1930), et in Mem. Fac. Sci. & Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 11: Bot. No. 4, 423 (1934)
species :
Galium karakulense
Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 712 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Takhar); China (Xinjiang); India (Jammu & Kashmir)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND
species :
Galium karataviense
(Pavlov) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 278 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula karataviensis Pavlov; Vestnik Akad. Nauk Kazak. SSR, No. 4 (73) 95 (1951)
species :
Galium karliovaense
Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 25(2): 33 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium kasachstanicum
Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 9: 368 (1987)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Galium kenyanum
Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 493 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Galium kerneri
Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Akad.- Wiss. Math.-Nat. Kl. (Wien) 64: 723 (1897)
Distribution: W-North Macedonia; S-Albania; N-Greece (Mt. Voras)
13 ALB GRC NMA
species :
Galium khorasanense
Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 252 (1854)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium kikumuyura
Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 149 (1937)
Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brachypodum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 19: 280 (1874), non Jord.
species :
Galium killipii
Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(4): 262 (1980)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium kinuta
Nakai & H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 518 (1933)
Distribution: China (Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Henan, Hubei); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. japonicum Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 264 (1873)
= Galium japonicum (Maxim.) Makino & Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 152 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Galium japonicum var. bracteatum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 104 (1909)
= Galium japonicum var. viridescens Makino & Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 152 (1908)
= Galium kinuta f. roseum Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 125: 76 (1960)
= Galium kinuta var. bracteatum (Nakai) Nakai & H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 520 (1933)
= Galium kinuta var. viridescens (Makino & Nakai) Matsum. & Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 518 (1933)
species :
Galium kitaibelianum
Schult. & Schult.f.; Mantissa 3: 163 (1827)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; SW- & C-Romania
13 KOS ROM SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dacicum Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 37: 163 (1890)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. kitaibelianum (Schult.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 326 (1879)
species :
Galium kuetzingii
Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 109 (1860)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; NW-Iran (Gilan)
33 AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium meyeri Grossh.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, II 1: 28 (1920)
= Galium verum var. kuetzingii (Boiss. & Buhse) Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boiss., II 6: 776 (1906)
species :
Galium kulluense
Anant Kumar, Ranjan & S.C.Srivast.; J. Jap. Bot. 88: 164 (2013)
Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Galium kunmingense
Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 270 (2010)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium kurdicum
Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 37 (1843)
Distribution: SE-Turkey; NE-Iraq
34 IRQ TUR
species :
Galium labradoricum
(Wiegand) Wiegand; Rhodora 6: 21 (1904)
Name: Northern bog bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin)
70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tinctorium var. labradoricum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 398 (1897)
species :
Galium laconicum
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1(6): 66 (1846 publ. 1847)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (local mountains of N- & C-Greece, Evvoia, Mt. Killini, Mt. Parnonas)
13 BUL GRC KOS SRB TUE
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laconicum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. 2: 1016 (1967)
species :
Galium lacrimiforme
Dempster; Madroño 23: 110 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Galium laevigatum
L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1667 (1763)
Name: Glattes Labkraut
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; NE-Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA SLV
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium atrovirens Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl. 22 (1818)
= Galium linifolium var. rigidulum DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 593 (1830)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laevigatum (L.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 311 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laevigatum (L.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983), isonym
= Galium sylvaticum var. atrovirens (Lapeyr.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium sylvaticum var. depauperatum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 23 (1903)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pyrenaicum Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 21 (1850)
species :
Galium lanceolatum
(Torr. & A.Gray) Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States 168 (1824)
Name: Lanceleaf wild licorice
Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium circaezans var. lanceolatum Torr. & A.Gray; Cat. Pl. City New York 23 (1819)
= Galium rotundifolium var. lanceolatum (Torr.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 283 (1891)
= Galium torreyi Bigelow; Fl. Boston., ed. 2: 56 (1824)
species :
Galium lasiocarpum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 42 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium latifolium
Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 79 (1803)
Name: Purple bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium latifolium var. hispidifolium Small ex Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 303 (1894)
= Galium latifolium var. hispidum Small; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 126 (1894)
species :
Galium latoramosum
Clos; Gay
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Tarija); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Guaira); Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Durazno, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rio Negro, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chapi Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 36 (1859)
= Galium ephedroides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898), nom. illeg.
= Galium intricatum (Hook. & Arn.) Endl. ex Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. 2: 459 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Galium tetragonum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 161 (1874)
= Rubia ephedroides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 231 (1828)
= Rubia intricata Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3. 362 (1833)
= Rubia tetragona (Griseb.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 120 (1889)
species :
Galium leiocarpum
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 79 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium leptogonium
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 84 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gaudichaudii var. muriculatum Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 3: 446 (1867)
= Galium umbrosum f. muriculatum (Benth.) Maiden & Betche; Census N.S.W. Pl. 188 (1916)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii-muriculatum Maiden & Betche; Census n. s. W. Pl. 188 (1916), nom. superfl.
= Galium umbrosum var. muriculatum (Benth.) Ewart & B.Rees; J. M. Black, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 4: 799 (1957)
species :
Galium leptum
Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 734 (1894)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago)
85 CLE
species :
Galium libanoticum
Ehrend.; Ark. Bot. andra Ser. 5: 414 (1960)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR
species :
Galium lidaoense
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 7: 171 (2024)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium lilloi
Hicken; Darwiniana 1: 140 (1924)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)
85 ARG
species :
Galium linearifolium
Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 7: 152 (1837)
Distribution: China (Liaoning, Hebei, Hubei); North Korea
36 CHI 38 NKO
species :
Galium liratum
N.A.Wakef.; Vict. Nat. 72: 70 (1955)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium lishanense
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 5: 119 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium litorale
Guss.; Fl. Sic. Prodr. 1: 172 (1827)
Distribution: W-Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Galium longipedunculatum
(Mariath & Ehrend.) K.De Toni & Mariath; Phytotaxa 218(3): 296 (2015)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium longipedunculatum Mariath & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(3-4): 184 (1977)
species :
Galium lovcense
Urum.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 49: 55 (1899)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Turkey
13 ALB BUL NMA 34 TUR
Remarks: often included in G. rhodopeum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erectum var. lovcense (Urum.) Stoj.; Izv. Bulg. Bot. Druzh. 5: 109 (1932)
= Galium heldreichii f. lovcense (Urum.) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium heldreichii subsp. protopycnotrichum (Ehrend. & Krendl) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium heldreichii var. obovatum Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium protopycnotrichum Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
species :
Galium lucidum
All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 5 (1773)
subspecies :
subsp. lucidum
Name: Glanz-Labkraut
Distribution: Germany [I]; Spain; Baleares (Ibiza, Mallorca)
11 ger 12 BAL SPA
Remarks: lucidum agg. References for C- and E-Mediterranean belong to G. corrudifolium
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium affine Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] : 172 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium atlanticum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 76 (1874), nom. illeg., non Ball
= Galium bermudianum L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 12: 117 (1767), nom. illeg.
= Galium betetae Caball.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 2: 238 (1942)
= Galium corrudifolium var. mauritii Sennen; Sennen & H. Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient. 54 (1933), nomen
= Galium erectum var. lucidum (All.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium erectum var. prostratum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 286 (1840)
= Galium erectum var. rigidum (Vill.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 23 (1850)
= Galium errans Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 651 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Galium gerardi Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 19 (1779)
= Galium lucidum subsp. rigidum (Vill.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium lucidum var. abruptorum (Pomel) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. angustifolium M.Loehr; 302 (1852)
= Galium lucidum var. atlanticum Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. fontanesianum (Pomel) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot. 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. scabridum (DC.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 214 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subsp. gerardi (Vill.) Briq.; Schinz & Thell., Fl. Schweiz 489 (1900)
= Galium mollugo subsp. lucidum (All.) Schinz & Thell.; Schinz & Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3, 2: 321 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. lucidum (All.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 492 (1927)
= Galium mollugo var. rigidum (Vill.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 136 (1915)
= Galium petrosum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 284 (1866)
= Galium reflexifolium Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 174 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Galium rigidum var. longipes Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 99 (1950)
= Galium rigidum var. tenuissimum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium rigidum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 256, 283 (1786)
= Galium viridulum var. umbelliflorum Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 174 (1929)
= Rubia rigida (Vill.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 372 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. fruticescens
(Cav.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983)
Distribution: NC- & E-Spain; Andorra
12 ADO SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aciphyllum var. caespitosum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 102 (1859)
= Galium aciphyllum var. longicaule Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 101 (1859)
= Galium aciphyllum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 101 (1859 publ. 1860)
= Galium fruticescens [unranked] aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 314 (1868)
= Galium fruticescens Cav.; Icon. Descr. 3: 3 (1795)
= Galium fruticescens var. aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium lucidum var. fruticescens (Cav.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium mollugo subsp. fruticescens (Cav.) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs; Veg. Com. Barcelona 499 (1950)
subspecies :
subsp. krendlii
Natali; Candollea 53(2): 500 (1998)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
subspecies :
subsp. venustum
(Jord.) Natali; Candollea 53(2): 503 (1998)
Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino
11 AUT LIE SWI 12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA SIC SMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bernardii Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 23 (1850)
= Galium gerardi var. bernardii (Gren.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium gerardi var. venustum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium lucidum subsp. bernardii (Gren. & Godr.) Natali; Candollea 53: 496 (1998)
= Galium mollugo var. bernardii (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. venustum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium roseolum Mabille; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 25: xlv (1878)
= Galium venustum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 117 (1846)
species :
Galium macedonicum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 121 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; N-Greece (Mt. Vrondous)
13 BUL GRC NMA
Remarks: doubtfully distinct from G. asparagifolium
species :
Galium magellanicum
Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 302 (bis) (1846)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz); Chile (Valparaíso, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chonoense Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 2: 303(bis) (1846)
= Galium chonoense var. valdivianum (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 106: 990 (1900)
= Galium forsteri Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 735 (1894)
= Galium nigricans Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 3: 188 (1848), nom. illeg.
= Galium valdivianum Phil.; Linnaea 28: 655 (1856)
species :
Galium magellense
Ten.; Sacc. Relaz. Viagg. Abruzzo 48 (1832)
Distribution: Italy (C- & S-Appennini)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pusillum subsp. magellense (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 326 (1879)
species :
Galium magnifolium
(Dempster) Dempster; Brittonia 11: 111 (1959)
Name: Largeleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii f. glabrum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 19 (1956)
= Galium matthewsii var. magnifolium Dempster; Brittonia 10: 189 (1958)
species :
Galium mahadivense
G.Singh; Forest Fl. Srinagar 125 (1976), as ´mahadivensis´
Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gymnopetalum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 155 (1-4): 78 (1987)
species :
Galium mandonii
Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 263 (1891)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija)
83 BOL PER
species :
Galium maneauense
P.Royen; Alpine Fl. New Guinea 4: 2772 (1983)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium marchandii
Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 528 (1818)
Distribution: N-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica, Pyrenees); Andorra; C-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium commune var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 142, 143 (1902)
= Galium lapeyrouseanum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 154 (1846)
= Galium lapeyrouseanum var. glabrum Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 128, 145 (1864)
= Galium pumilum subsp. marchandii (Roem. & Schult.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium sylvestre unranked commutatum (Jord.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 320 (1868)
= Galium sylvestre unranked lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 319 (1868)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 124 (1887)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Losa & P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1: 166 (1947)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
= Galium umbellatum var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
species :
Galium margaceum
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 249 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium margaritaceum
A.Kern.; Zeitschr. Ferdinand. (Innsbruck) Ser. 3, 15: 252 (1870)
Distribution: NE-Italy (SE-Alps)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
species :
Galium maritimum
L.; Mant. Pl. 38 (1767)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Andorra; S-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bertrandii Sennen & Gonzalo; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5478 (1925)
= Galium gonzaloi Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5477 (1925)
= Galium maritimum f. luteum (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 644 (1958), nom. inval.
= Galium maritimum subsp. luteum (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 644 (1958), nom. inval.
= Galium maritimum subvar. luteum Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 11 (1903)
= Galium maritimum var. angustifolium Sennen; Bull. Géogr. Bot. 24: 223 (1914)
= Galium maritimum var. densiflorum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 311 (1868), nom. illeg.
= Galium maritimum var. latifolium Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 11: 33 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. laxiflorum Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm] 2: 311 (1868)
= Galium maritimum var. luteiflorum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. 11: 32 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. rubriflorum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. 11: 32 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. villosum (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 602 (1830)
= Galium villosum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 583 (1788)
= Galium ×angustifolium (Sennen) Sennen; Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 135: 81 (1917), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium martirense
Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 110 (1965)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium masafueranum
Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. J. Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 174 (1922)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl. (Masafuera)
85 JNF
species :
Galium matthewsii
A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 80 (1883)
Name: Bushy bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium maximoviczii
(Kom.) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 277 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Henan); North Korea; South Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula maximoviczii f. latifolia (Nakai) W.Lee; Lin. Fl. Koreae 893 (1996)
= Asperula maximoviczii Kom.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 39: 109 (1923)
= Asperula maximoviczii var. latifolia Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 119 (1938)
= Asperula platygalium var. pratensis Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 19: 284 (1874)
species :
Galium mechudoense
Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 15 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Galium megacyttarion
R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 200 (1996)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
variant :
var. trichanthum
(Cufod.) R.Bhattacharjee; Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 1: 657 (2020)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium acutum var. trichanthum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 239 (1940)
species :
Galium megalanthum
Boiss.; Diagn., Ser. 1: 6: 67 (1846)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923), nom. superfl.
= Galium leiophyllum var. glabrum Boiss.; (1843) (p. p., incl. typo, nom. superfl.)
= Galium pseudomegalanthum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174(3-4): 206 (1991)
= Galium psilophyllum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 304 (1977) (nom. nov. superfl.)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. megalanthum (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 367 (1958)
species :
Galium megalospermum
All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 9 (1773)
Name: Schweizer Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; Croatia
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA
Remarks: helveticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cenisium Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné 33 (1871)
= Galium helveticum var. allionii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 39 (1903)
= Galium helveticum var. cenisium (Arv.-Touv.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 38 (1903)
= Galium helveticum var. elongatum Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 37 (1850)
= Galium montanum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 2: 317b (1787), nom. illeg.
= Galium prostratum Haller ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 228 (1818)
= Galium pusillum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 2: 324 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Galium rupicola Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 2: 108 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvestre subsp. virens Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 432 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. montanum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 145 (1830)
= Galium villarsii Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 220 (1818)
species :
Galium megapotamicum
Spreng.; Syst. Nat., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2, Cur. Post.): 39 (1827)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Cordillera, Guaira, Neembucu, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Montevideo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apricum Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 43 (1829), nom. inval.
= Galium camporum Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 604 (1830)
= Galium ciliatum Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923), nom. illeg.
= Galium radicosum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 660 (1840), nom. inval.
= Galium tenue Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Relbunium hirtum f. floribundum K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 109 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum f. glabriflora K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 109 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum subsp. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 108 (1888)
= Relbunium hirtum subsp. reflexum K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 109 (1888)
= Relbunium hirtum var. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 397 (1931)
= Relbunium hirtum var. reflexum (K.Schum.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 398 (1931)
= Relbunium megapotamicum (Spreng.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 543 (1955)
= Relbunium megapotamicum subsp. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 544 (1955)
= Relbunium megapotamicum subsp. reflexum (K.Schum.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 544 (1955)
= Rubia tenuis Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 60 (1923)
species :
Galium melanantherum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1(6): 68 (1846 publ. 1847)
Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki, Evvoia, Andros, Naxos, SE-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium melanantherum var. brevifolium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 68 (1846)
species :
Galium meliodorum
(Beck) Fritsch; Exkursionsfl. Österr. ed. 2, 573 (1909)
Distribution: Austria; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT 13 BIH
Remarks: lucidum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lucidum var. meliodorum Beck; Hernstein Niederösterr. 251 (1886)
species :
Galium membranaceum
Ehrend.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 56: 229 (1948)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium mexicanum
Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 337 (1818)
subspecies :
subsp. mexicanum
Name: Mexican bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Isla Guadalupe; Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Putumayo); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Tachira)
77 USA 79 GLP MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium caripense Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 337 (1819)
= Galium granadense Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 186 (1827)
= Galium mexicanum var. glabratum Greenm.; Contr. Gray Herb. 14: 458 (1898)
= Galium mexicanum var. platyphyllum Greenm.; Contr. Gray Herb. n. s. 14: 458 (1898)
= Galium piliferum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.]3: 337 (1819)
subspecies :
subsp. asperrimum
(A.Gray) Dempster; Madroño 23: 384 (1976)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico); Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Oaxaca, Coahuila)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperrimum A.Gray; Pl. Fendl. 60 (1879)
= Galium mexicanum var. asperrimum (A.Gray) B.L.Turner; Sida, Bot. Misc. 24: 8 (2003), isonym
= Galium mexicanum var. asperrimum (A.Gray) L.C.Higgins & S.L.Welsh; Great Basin Naturalist 46(2): 260 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. asperulum
(A.Gray) Dempster; Madroño 23(7): 384 (1976)
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperrimum var. asperulum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 284 (1880)
= Galium asperulum (A.Gray) Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 809 (1917)
= Galium mexicanum var. asperulum (A.Gray) Dempster; Brittonia 10: 187 (1958)
subspecies :
subsp. flexicum
Dempster; Madroño 23: 384 (1976)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Sonora, Coahuila, etc.)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mexicanum var. flexicum (Dempster) B.L.Turner; Sida, Bot. Misc. 24: 8 (2003)
species :
Galium microchiasma
Gilli; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 83: 459 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium microlobum
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 100 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium microphyllum
A.Gray; Pl. Wright 1: 80 (1852)
Name: Bracted bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium laevigatum Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830), nom. inval.
= Galium nitens M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 15: 153 (1929)
= Galium repens Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic. 24 (1893)
= Relbunium laevigatum (DC.) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium microphyllum (A.Gray) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium microphyllum var. hispidulum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 470 (1898)
= Relbunium microphyllum var. setulosum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 470 (1898)
= Relbunium polyplocum Hemsl.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 3: 53 (1880)
= Rubia laevigata DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 591 (1830)
species :
Galium migrans
Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 362 (1983), nom. nov.
subspecies :
subsp. migrans
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erythrorrhizum F.Muell. ex Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. inversum
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 93 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
subspecies :
subsp. trichogynum
I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 95 (map) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Galium minutissimum
T.Shimizu; J. Fac. Text. Sci. & Techn., Shinshu Univ. No. 36, Biol., No. 12 (Stud. Limest. Fl. Jap. & Taiwan, Pt. 2) 58 (1963), et in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 21: 28 (1964)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium minutulum
Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 3: 182 (1846)
Distribution: Portugal; S-, C- & NE-Spain; France; Italy
12 FRA POR SPA 13 ITA
species :
Galium mirum
Rech.f.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 512 (1939)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (incl. Thasos, Samothraki)
13 BUL GRC KOS SRB
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capreum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 119 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium thracicum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 114 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
species :
Galium mite
Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 37 (1843)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran)
33 ARM 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mite var. roseum Ghahr.; Fl. Iran (Ghahreman) 22: no. 2692 (2001), nom. inval.
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. mite (Boiss. & Hohen.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 365 (1958)
species :
Galium moldavicum
(Dobrescu) Franco; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 50 (1975)
Distribution: Romania; Moldova
13 ROM 14 MLD
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula moldavica Dobrocz.; Commun. Ac. R. P. Rom. 4: 389 (1954)
species :
Galium mollugo
L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753) s. str.
Name: Echtes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE), False baby´s breath (EN)
Distribution: England; ?Sweden; Netherlands; ?Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; ?Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Egypt (SE-Egypt); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Kuril Isl. [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I]); Northern Caucasus; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; New Zealand [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Labrador [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
10 GRB 11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 EGY 30 SIB 31 rfe 33 ARM NCS 51 nzl 70 gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Remarks: mollugo agg. See also G. album which is often combined with G. mollugo
Synonyms: hidden
= Galion molluginum St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 113, 126 (1880)
= Galium album Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd., t. 285 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Galium amani Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 54 (1875)
= Galium aristatum Sm.; Engl. Fl. 1: 203 (1824), nom. superfl.
= Galium attenuatum Klokov & Zaver.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. 1974: 82 (1974)
= Galium beilanense Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 54 (1875)
= Galium besseri Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 464 (1961)
= Galium bielzii Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 285 (1866)
= Galium bocconei Ten. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 657 (1840), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. alpinum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 418 (1828)
= Galium boreale var. latifolium Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 122 (1827)
= Galium boreale var. medium Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 418 (1828)
= Galium calcareum (Albov) Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 719 (1958)
= Galium capsiriense Jeanb. ex Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 6: 155 (1883)
= Galium chloranthum (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 250 (1965), nom. illeg.
= Galium corrudifolium var. pallidulum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium corrudifolium Willk.; Flora (Regensburg) 35: 540 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Galium diffusum D.Don; Hook., Fl. Scot. 52 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Galium elatum var. clivale Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt. 23 (1828)
= Galium elatum var. insubricum (Gaudin) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 388 (1889)
= Galium elatum var. latifolium Leers; Fl. Herborn. 115 (1775)
= Galium elatum var. umbrosum Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 22 (1850)
= Galium erectum var. approximatum DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium erectum var. aristatum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. bielzii (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium erectum var. boreanum Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum var. calcareum Albov; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 1: 123 (1895)
= Galium erectum var. diffusum (D.Don) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. petreum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. pseudocinereum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium erectum var. pubescens Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. scabridulum Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum var. tyrolense (Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium flaccidum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 58 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium gerardi var. falcatum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium gerardi var. tenuissimum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium gerardi var. viridulum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium ibericum D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 464 (1839)
= Galium insubricum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 421 (1828)
= Galium kernerianum Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 466 (1961)
= Galium lucidum f. brachyphyllum H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 145 (1932)
= Galium lucidum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 104 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Galium lucidum subvar. viridulum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. viridulum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium lucidum W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 333 (1835 publ. 1836), nom. illeg.
= Galium molle Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 1: 22 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Galium mollugo f. brachyphyllum (H.Lindb.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium mollugo f. congesta Heintze; Bot. Not. 1900: 279 (1900)
= Galium mollugo f. nemorosum (Wierzb.) Heinr.Braun; 161 (1892)
= Galium mollugo subsp. erectum (Huds.) Syme; 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. insubricum (Gaudin) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 311 (1882)
= Galium mollugo subsp. marmaricum Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 281 (1939)
= Galium mollugo subsp. tyrolense (Willd.) Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2: 380 (1912)
= Galium mollugo var. aristatum Syme; 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo var. boreanum (Rouy) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. caespitosum Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 98 (1950)
= Galium mollugo var. chloranthum Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 33: 228 (1894)
= Galium mollugo var. clivale Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec. 66 (1819)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4: 254 (1805)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 35 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. elatum Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 59 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Huds.) Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec. 66 (1819)
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Huds.) Piré & F.Muell.; Fl. Centr. Belgique 90 (1866), nom. superfl.
= Galium mollugo var. falcatum (Lange) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. insubricum (Gaudin) Bab.; 143 (1843)
= Galium mollugo var. insubricum (Gaudin) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 2: 218 (1870)
= Galium mollugo var. maritimum Pauquy; Statist. Bot. Somme 183 (1831)
= Galium mollugo var. mutabile Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. 75 (1820)
= Galium mollugo var. nemorale Heintze; Bot. Not. 1900: 279 (1900)
= Galium mollugo var. pallidulum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. pauciflorum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 55 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. racemosum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 502 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. scabridulum (Rouy) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 59 (1812)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Tinant; Fl. Luxemb. 89 (1836)
= Galium mollugo var. tenuissimum (Lange) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. tyrolense (Willd.) Heinr.Braun; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. tyrolense (Willd.) Rchb.; XX (1833)
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum (Gren.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 14 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 22 (1850)
= Galium mollugo var. virgatum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 502 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. virgultorum (Lamotte) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium mollugo var. viridulum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium nemorosum Wierzb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 324 (1879)
= Galium oligotrichum Borbás; Magyar Növényt. Lapok 8: 122 (1884), non Simonk.
= Galium pallescens Jan; Elench. Pl. 2: 70 (1831), nom. illeg., non C. Presl
= Galium pallidulum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 80 (1852)
= Galium paulianum F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. 158 (1855)
= Galium petraeum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 284 (1866)
= Galium provinciale Lam.; Encycl. 2: 581 (1788)
= Galium pseudocinereum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 285 (1866)
= Galium pseudomollugo Klokov; Fl. URSR 10: 464 (1961)
= Galium pseudorubioides Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 32 (1853)
= Galium pubescens Schrad. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 210 (1831), nom. inval.
= Galium rubioides var. pseudorubioides (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium scabrum With.; Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 190 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium splendens Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl. 17 (1819)
= Galium tyrolense Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow] 153 (1809)
= Galium virgultorum Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 2: 360 (1881)
= Galium viridulum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 79 (1852)
= Galium vulgare Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 483 (1821)
= Galium vulgare var. scabrum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 483 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. paulianum (F.W.Schultz) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 20 (1903)
= Rubia mollugo (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 372 (1880)
species :
Galium monachinii
Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 2(10): 67 (1849)
Distribution: Greece (Attiki, Naxos, Milos); Crete (mountains); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
species :
Galium monticola
Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 36 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium montis-arerae
Merxm. & Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 104: 228 (1957)
Distribution: N-Italy (Alpi Bergamasche)
13 ITA
Remarks: lucidum agg.
species :
Galium moralesianum
Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(2): 178 (2003)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boissieranum subsp. moralesianum (Ortega Oliv. & Devesa) Agulló, M.A.Alonso, Juan, J.L.Villar & M.B.Crespo; Lazaroa 31: 160 (2010)
species :
Galium moranii
Dempster; Brittonia 22: 190 (1970)
subspecies :
subsp. moranii
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. aculeolatum
(Dempster) Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 19 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aculeolatum Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 27 (1973)
species :
Galium morii
Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 32 (1918)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sigeyosii Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 620 (1943)
species :
Galium mucroniferum
Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mucronatum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 37 (1865), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. dregeanum
(Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 260 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dregeanum Sond.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey] 3: 38 (1865)
species :
Galium muelleri
(K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 328 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium muelleri K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 406 (1889)
species :
Galium multiflorum
Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 97, f. 27 (1863)
Name: Shrubby bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Nevada)
71 CDN 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bloomeri A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 538 (1865)
= Galium bloomeri var. hirsutum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 285 (1876)
= Galium matthewsii var. scabridum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 963 (1925)
= Galium multiflorum f. hirsutum (A.Gray) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 10 (1956)
= Galium multiflorum subsp. hirsutum (A.Gray) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 10 (1956)
= Galium multiflorum var. hirsutum (A.Gray) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 40 (1884)
species :
Galium munzii
Hilend & Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. munzii
Name: Munz´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. ambivalens
Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 309 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Utah)
76 USA
species :
Galium murale
(L.) All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 8 (1773)
Name: Yellow wall bedstraw (EN); Mauer-Labkraut (DE); Raspilla menuda (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Croatia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece incl. most islands, rare in the North); Crete (widespread, incl. islets); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (N-Egypt); Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Graciosa, Pico, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl.; Somalia; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran; Afghanistan (Badghys); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Palestine; Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (California [I]); Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Biobío [I])
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI PEL PTL SIC SMA TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 24 SOM 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB PAL SIN SYR TUR 50 aus 51 nzl 76 usa 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinanthus muralis (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine minima All. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 610 (1830)
= Aspera nutans Moench; Methodus [Moench] 641 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Galium apsheronicum Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 710 (1958)
= Galium calvipes Pau; Trab. Mus. Nac. Ci. Nat., Ser. Bot. 14: 36 (1918)
= Galium filiforme (Aiton) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 252 (1818)
= Galium fragile Pourr. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 610 (1830)
= Galium minimum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 262 (1818), nom. superfl.
= Galium murale f. hispidulum H.Lindb.; Öfvers. Finska Vetensk.-Soc. Förh. 48(13): 102 (1906)
= Galium murale f. laeve H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 145 (1932)
= Galium murale f. villosum Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 138 (1900)
= Galium murale var. balearicum Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 27: 182 (1929)
= Galium murale var. laxum Lange; Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1893: 195 (1893)
= Galium murale var. troodi H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 32 (1946)
= Sherardia muralis L.; Sp. Pl. 103 (1753)
= Valantia filiformis Aiton; Hort. Kew. 3: 428 (1789)
= Valantia rupestris Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 384 (1779)
species :
Galium muricatum
W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
Name: Humboldt bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chartaceum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
species :
Galium nabelekii
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 302 (1977)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Nab.; (1923) (nom. illeg., p. p.)
species :
Galium nakaii
Kudô; Jap. J. Bot. 2: 277 (1925), nomen, H. Hara in J. Jap. Bot. 9: 517 (1933), descr.
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium miyabei Koidz. ex H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 517 (1933), pro syn.
species :
Galium nanhumontanum
S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 23 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium nankotaizanum
Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 56 (1934)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium maborasense Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 219 (1939)
species :
Galium nepalense
Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 155 (1-4): 82 (1987)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Galium nevadense
Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3(2): 115 (1856)
Distribution: S-Spain (mountains); ?Morocco
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo var. nevadense (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium nevadense var. vestitum Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 8: 120 (1909)
= Galium sylvestre var. nevadense (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
species :
Galium nigdeense
Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 101 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium nigricans
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 48 (1843)
Distribution: Egypt; Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Syria; Palestine
20 EGY 34 IRN IRQ PAL SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium syriacum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 47 (1843)
= Galium aleppicum Boiss.; Diagn., Ser. 1, 3: 50 (1843)
= Galium vulcanicum Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn., Ser. 1, 10: 70 (1843)
species :
Galium nigroramosum
(Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 300 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Tarija); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caazapa, Itapua, San Pedro); Uruguay (Durazno); Argentina (Catamarca, Corrientes, Misiones, Tucuman)
83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium nigroramosum Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 529 (1955)
species :
Galium noli-tangere
Ball; J. Bot. 11: 335 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Galium noricum
Ehrend.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 100: 672 (1953)
Name: Norisches Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; NE-Italy; S-Slovenia
11 AUT GER 13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
species :
Galium normanii
Dahl; Skr. Vid.-Selsk. Kristiania (1914): 136 (1915)
Name: Isländisches Labkraut
Distribution: Iceland; W-Norway
10 ICE NOR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium normanii var. islandicum (Sterner ex Hyl.) Á.Löve; Taxon 19: 301 (1970), nom. inval.
= Galium pumilum subsp. islandicum Sterner; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 213 (1944), nom. inval.
= Galium pumilum subsp. normanii (Dahl) Nordh.; Norsk Fl. (Oslo): 609 (1940)
= Galium sylvestre var. chlorananthum Norman; Arch. Math. Naturvid. 8: 69 (1883)
species :
Galium novoguineense
Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 62: 493 (1929)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium noxium
(A.St.-Hil.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 292 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Florida Prov., Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium noxium subsp. valantioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 295 (1990)
= Galium paratyense Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 1: 43 (1825)
= Relbunium asperum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 111 (1888)
= Relbunium diffusum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 111 (1888)
= Relbunium diffusum var. glabrum K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 111 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium f. denticulata Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 11 4: 192 (1904)
= Relbunium noxium (A.St.-Hil.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 110 (1889)
= Relbunium noxium var. pilcomayense Hassl.; Trab. Mus. Farm Fac. Ci. Med. Buenos Aires 21: 119 (1909)
= Relbunium valantioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(6): 115 (1889)
= Rubia aspera Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 592 (1830)
= Rubia diffusa Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 592 (1830)
= Rubia noxia A.St.-Hil.; Hist. Pl. Remarq. Brésil 229 (1824)
= Rubia valantioides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 231 (1828)
species :
Galium numidicum
Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 293 (1875)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Galium nupercreatum
Popov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Selekts. 17(1): 278 (1927)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; S-Iran; Afghanistan (Samangan)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN
species :
Galium nuttallii
A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 80 (1852)
subspecies :
subsp. nuttallii
Name: Climbing bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suffruticosum Nutt.; J. Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 21 (1841), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. insulare
Ferris; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 338 (1955)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium obliquum
Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 19 (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. obliquum
Distribution: France; Italy (Cévennes, Jura, SW-Alps, Appennini)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: rubrum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpicola Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 131 (1846)
= Galium brachypodum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 130 (1846)
= Galium corsicum subsp. brachypodum (Jord.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. (1882)
= Galium corsicum Tausch; Flora (Regensburg) 14: 221 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Galium gracilentum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 126 (1846)
= Galium jordanii subsp. gracilentum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 327 (1879)
= Galium laetum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 133 (1846)
= Galium leucophaeum Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 28 (1850)
= Galium luteolum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 128 (1846)
= Galium mucronatum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 581 (1788)
= Galium myrianthum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 126 (1846)
= Galium myrianthum var. rubriflorum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 390 (1889)
= Galium obliquum subsp. prostii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum subvar. myrianthum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. alpicola (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. brachypodum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. leucophaeum (Gren. & Godr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. luteolum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. pseudomyrianthum (Gennari) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium obliquum var. rubriflorum Cariot & St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., ed. 8, 2: 390 (1889)
= Galium obliquum var. tomophyllum (Gand.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 325 (1879)
= Galium pallens Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 77 (1799)
= Galium prostii Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 123 (1846)
= Galium pseudomyrianthum Gennari; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, II 17: 466 (1858)
= Galium rubidum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 121 (1846)
= Galium rubrum subsp. mucronatum (Lam.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 329 (1879)
= Galium rubrum subsp. obliquum (Vill.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 26 (1903)
= Galium rubrum subsp. prostii (Jord.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 36 (1922)
= Galium rubrum subsp. rubidum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 329 (1879)
= Galium rubrum subvar. rubriflorum (Cariot & St.-Lag.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. alpicola (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. brachypodum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. gracilentum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. laetum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. leucophaeum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. luteolum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. myrianthum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. rubidum (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. rubriflorum Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 142 (1915)
= Galium tomophyllum Gand.; Fl. Lyon. 114 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. neoluteolum
Arrigoni; Fl. Analítica Toscana 6: 354 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Galium obovatum
Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 336 (1819)
Distribution: ?Honduras; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Valle); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lappaceum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium rotundifolium var. uncinulatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
species :
Galium obtusum
Bigelow; Fl. Boston., ed. 2: 55 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. obtusum
Name: Bluntleaf bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium trifidum var. latifolium Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 165 (1824)
= Galium obtusum var. ramosum Gleason; Phytologia 4: 24 (1952)
subspecies :
subsp. filifolium
(Wiegand) Puff; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 104(3): 207 (1977)
Name: Bluntleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium filifolium (Wiegand ) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1268 (1933)
= Galium obtusum var. filifolium (Wiegand) Fernald; Rhodora 37: 443 (1935)
= Galium tinctorium var. filifolium Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 397 (1897)
species :
Galium octonarium
(Klokov) Pobed.; Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Leningrad) 7: 278 (1971)
Distribution: ?Poland; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan
13 BUL ROM TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula octonaria Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 229 (1957)
= Asperula tomentella Dubovik; Ukrayin. Bot. Zhurn. 21: No. 2. 93 (1964)
= Galium dubovicii Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 130 (1985), nom. nov. for Asperula tomentella Dubovik
species :
Galium odoratum
(L.) Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1: 105 (1771)
Name: Waldmeister (DE), Sweetscented bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of N-Greece, rare C-Greece, N-Peloponnisos, Thasos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shandong, Sichuan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Pakistan (Kurram); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 PAK 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula eugeniae K.Richt.; Abh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 219 (1888)
= Asperula matrisylva Gilib.; Exerc. Bot. 5 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Asperula odora Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 57 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Asperula odorata f. latifolia (T.Marsson) Werner Christ.; Flora von Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 212 (1922)
= Asperula odorata L.; Sp. Pl. 103 (1753)
= Asperula odorata var. latifolia T.Marsson; 217 (1869)
= Asperula odorata var. trifida Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1928: no. 6580 (1929)
= Asterophyllum asperula K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829), nom. illeg.
= Asterophyllum sylvaticum K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)in obs.
= Chlorostemma odoratum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 398 (1868)
= Galium matrisylva F.H.Wigg.; Prim. Fl. Holsat. 13 (1780), nom. superfl.
= Galium odoratum var. eugeniae (K.Richt.) Ehrend.; E. Janch., Fl. Wien, Niederost. & Nordburg., ed. 2: 470 (1977), without basionym ref.
species :
Galium oelandicum
(Sterner & Hyl.) Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 418 (1960)
Distribution: Sweden (Øland)
10 SWE
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. oelandicum Sterner & Hyl.; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 212 (1944)
= Galium sylvestre var. laeve Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 3: 36 (1838)
species :
Galium olgae
Klokov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. 1974: 107 (1974)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium olivetorum
Le Houér.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 57: 105 (1960)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
species :
Galium olympicum
Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 41 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pyrenaicum Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 92 (1806), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium ophiolithicum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 104 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Mt. Timphi)
13 GRC
species :
Galium oreganum
Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 31 (1894)
Name: Oregon bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kamtschaticum subsp. oreganum (Britton) Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 526 (1906)
= Galium kamtschaticum var. oreganum (Britton) Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 526 (1906)
species :
Galium oreophilum
Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 94 (1986-1987 publ. 1988)
Distribution: North Macedonia; S-Albania; Greece (NW-Greece south to Mt. Giona)
13 ALB GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium monasterium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 98 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
= Galium sacrorum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 101 (1986-1987 publ. 1988) (fide Strid 2024)
species :
Galium oresbium
Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 462 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)
79 MEX
species :
Galium orizabense
Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 54 (1878)
subspecies :
subsp. orizabense
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Valle); Venezuela (Barinas, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA PAN 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium uncinulatum var. nanum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 459 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. laevicaule
(Weath. & Blake) Dempster; Allertonia 2(8): 411 (1981)
Name: Bald bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pilosum var. laevicaule Weath. & Blake; Rhodora 18: 194 (1916)
species :
Galium oshtenicum
Ehrend. & Schanzer ex Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 72 (1992)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Krasnodar)
33 NCS
species :
Galium ossirwaense
K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 159 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique
25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollicomum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 498 (1932)
= Galium mollicomum var. friesiorum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 498 (1932)
variant :
var. glabrum
Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30(3): 474 (1975)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Galium ostenianum
