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519.0000 Family Lamiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 355 (1820), nom. cons., nom. alt.
Latest phylogeny: Zhao et al. 2021
Species listed in database: 7866; hybrids: 382
= Aegiphilaceae Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 161 (1838)
= Ajugaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 375 (1843)
= Chloanthaceae Hutch.; Fam. Fl. Pl., Dicot., ed. 2: 396 (1959)
= Glechomaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 288 (1820)
= Labiatae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 110 (1789), nom. cons.
= Melissaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 245 (1820)
= Melittidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)
= Menthaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 969, 1095, 1106 (1835)
= Monardaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 2: 661 (1858)
= Nepetaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 245 (1820)
= Salazariaceae F.A.Barkley; Phytologia 32: 304 (1975)
= Salviaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 245 (1820)
= Saturejaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 2: 664. med (1858)
= Scutellariaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 373 (1843)
= Siphonanthaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 87 (1838)
= Stachydaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 366 (1843)
= Symphoremataceae Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 4(3): 13 (1849)
= Viticaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 106 (1789)
519.8201 Genus Gomphostemma Benth.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1292 (1830)
Distribution: lndia, Himalayas, Myanmar [Burma], China, Taiwan, Indochina, Malesia. Revision: Bongcheewin et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 33
= Taitonia Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 10: 277 (1938)
species :
Gomphostemma aborense Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920: 135 (1920)
Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)
40 IND
Remarks: last collected 1928
species :
Gomphostemma andamanensis L.J.Singh, M.C.Naik & Ekka; Feddes Repert. 134(x): 2 of 13 (2023)
Distribution: Andaman Isl.
41 AND
species :
Gomphostemma chinense Oliv.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 15: 54 (1884)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hainan); Taiwan; N-Vietnam
36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma callicarpoides (Yamam.) Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 32: 4 (1942)
= Gomphostemma chinense f. purpureum Zhi H.Chen & W.B.Liao; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 72(3): 289 (2021)
= Gomphostemma chinense var. cauliflorum C.Y.Wu & S.Chow; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 149 (1965)
= Gomphostemma formosanum Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 32: 4 (1942)
= Gomphostemma pseudocrinitum C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 144 (1965)
= Gomphostemma taiwanense S.S.Ying; Coloured Ill. Fl. Taiwan 4: 796 (1992), nom. inval.
= Taitonia callicarpoides Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 10: 278 (1938)
species :
Gomphostemma crinitum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); Bangladesh; E-Myanmar (Taninthayi); SW-Thailand; peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang Isl., Trengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka); Sumatera
36 CHI 40 BAN 41 MYA THA 42 MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma crinitum var. griffithii Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 74: 724 (1908)
species :
Gomphostemma curtisii Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 59: (1891) II. 315, et in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 111. 2 266 (1891)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Pahang); Sumatera; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak)
41 THA 42 BOR MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cyrtandromoea repens Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 57: 74 (1910)
species :
Gomphostemma dolichobotrys Merr.; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 8: 148 (1934)
Distribution: N-Sumatera
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma racemosum Steenis ex H.Keng; Gard. Bull. Singapore 24: 80 (1969)
species :
Gomphostemma eriocarpon Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma oblongum Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] t. 1457 (1849), nom. illeg.
species :
Gomphostemma flexuosum Bongch.; Kew Bull. 77: 53 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Vietnam
41 LAO THA VIE
species :
Gomphostemma grandiflorum Doan ex Suddee & A.J.Paton; Kew Bull. 61(4): 620 (2007)
Distribution: C-Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma grandiflorum Doan; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 4: 1034 (1936), gallice
species :
Gomphostemma hainanense C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 145 (1965)
Distribution: China (Hainan); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
species :
Gomphostemma hemsleyanum Prain ex Collett & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 116 (1891)
Distribution: +Myanmar
41 MYA
Remarks: known only from type collected 1888
species :
Gomphostemma heyneanum Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 2152 (1829) ex Benth., Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Tamil Nadu); S-Vietnam
40 IND 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma strobilinum var. heyneanum (Wall. ex Benth.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 696 (1885)
variant :
var. rottleri Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3: 249, t. 80 (1891)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Gomphostemma hirsutum Walsingham; Kew Bull. "65(3): 480 (-482; fig. 1, map)" (2011)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Gomphostemma javanicum (Blume) Benth.; Labiat. Gen. Spec. [Bentham] 650 (1833)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay, Taninthayi); Thailand; Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang Isl., Kelantan, Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatera (incl. Bangka Isl., Mentawai Isl.); Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, incl. Natuna Isl., Anambas Isl.); Brunei; SW-Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao, Visayas, Sulu Arch.); Jawa (incl. Madura Isl.); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
36 CHI 40 BAN IND 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY PHI SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma arbusculum C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 146 (1965)
= Gomphostemma cinereum Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 8: 3086 (1919)
= Gomphostemma intermedium Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 23 (1910)
= Gomphostemma javanicum f. phlomoides (Reinw. ex Blume) Murata; S. E. Asian Stud. 14: 189 (1976)
= Gomphostemma javanicum subsp. lucidum (Wall. ex Benth.) Murata; Tonan Aija Kenkyu (S.E. Asian Stud.) 14(2): 189 (1976)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. brevidens Murata; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 40: 101 (1989)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. helferi (Hook.f.) Murata; S. E. Asian Stud. 14: 189 (1976)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. lacteum (Ridl.) Kiew; Fl. Penins. Malaysia Ser. 2, 9: 92 (2022)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. rugosum (Prain) Murata; S. E. Asian Stud. 14: 190 (1976)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. scortechinii (Prain) Kiew; Fl. Penins. Malaysia Ser. 2, 9: 93 (2022)
= Gomphostemma javanicum var. serratifolium Kiew; Fl. Penins. Malaysia Ser. 2, 9: 94 (2022)
= Gomphostemma lacteum Ridl.; J. Bot. 62: 300 (1924)
= Gomphostemma latifolium C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 147 (1965)
= Gomphostemma lucidum var. canescens Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3: 263 (1891)
= Gomphostemma lucidum var. intermedium (Craib) C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 145 (1965)
= Gomphostemma lucidum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
= Gomphostemma oblongum var. helferi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 697 (1885)
= Gomphostemma oblongum var. setosum Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 653 (1923)
= Gomphostemma oblongum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
= Gomphostemma philippinarum Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 12: 551 (1848)
= Gomphostemma phlomoides (Reinw. ex Blume) Benth.; Labiat. Gen. Spec. [Bentham] 649 (1835)
= Gomphostemma rugosum (Benth.) Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3(2): 262 (1891)
= Gomphostemma scortechinii Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 59: (1891) II. 315, et in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 3: 2. 260 (1891)
= Gomphostemma scortechinii var. helferi (Hook.f.) Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3(2): 260 (1891)
= Prasium javanicum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 840 (1826)
= Prasium phlomoides Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 840 (1826)
species :
Gomphostemma keralense Vivek., Gopalan & R.Ansari; Kew Bull. 38(2): 189 (1983)
Distribution: S-India (Kerala)
40 IND
species :
Gomphostemma leptodon Dunn; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 170 (1913)
Distribution: China (Guangxi); N-Vietnam: C-Vietnam
36 CHI
species :
Gomphostemma longipetalum Bongch.; Kew Bull. 77: 45 (2022)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin)
41 MYA
species :
Gomphostemma mastersii Benth. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 699 (1885)
Distribution: India (Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram); Bangladesh; Thailand; N-Sumatera
40 BAN IND 41 THA 42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma furfuraceum Hallier f. [Bull.Herb.Boissier 6: 351 (1898)]
= Gomphostemma parvum Merr.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 192 (1933 publ. 1934)
species :
Gomphostemma melissifolium Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Sikkim); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Prasium melissifolium (Wall. ex Benth.) Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 3: 26 (1832)
species :
Gomphostemma microcalyx Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 59: (1891) II. 316, et in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 3: 2251 (1891)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Melaka); Sumatera; Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan); Jawa
42 BOR JAW MLY SUM
species :
Gomphostemma microdon Dunn; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 8: 170 (1913)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); N-Thailand; N-Laos; NW-Vietnam
36 CHI 41 LAO THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma deltodon C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 143 (1965)
species :
Gomphostemma niveum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 697 (1885)
Distribution: +Bangladesh
40 BAN
Remarks: known only from types
species :
Gomphostemma nutans Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 697 (1885)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur); Myanmar (Sagaing)
40 IND 41 MYA
species :
Gomphostemma ovatum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: Nepal; NE-India (Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma ovatum var. flaccidum Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3: 270 (1891)
species :
Gomphostemma parviflorum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); ?Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Chin, Kachin, Shan); N-Thailand; NW-Vietnam; Jawa
36 CHI 40 BAN IND 41 MYA THA VIE 42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma bartlettii Merr.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 19: 191 (1933 publ. 1934)
= Gomphostemma dichotomum Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Arch. Ind. [Moritzi et al.] 54 (1846)
= Gomphostemma multiflorum Benth.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 12: 552 (1848)
= Gomphostemma parviflorum var. farinosum Mukerjee; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 14: 208 (1940), nom. illeg.
= Gomphostemma parviflorum var. farinosum Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3(2): 253 (1891)
= Gomphostemma salarkhanianum Khanam & M.A.Hassan; Bangladesh J. Bot. 32: 63 (2003)
species :
Gomphostemma pedunculatum Benth. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 696 (1885)
Distribution: China (Yunnan); India (Meghalaya); N-Myanmar (Kachin); N-Thailand; NW-Laos
36 CHI 40 IND 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma inopinatum Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 69: 172 (1900)
= Gomphostemma nayarii A.S.Chauhan; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 28(1-4): 182 (1986 publ. 1988)
species :
Gomphostemma phetchaburiense Bongch. & Poopath; Blumea 67(1): 33 (2022)
Distribution: Thailand
41 THA
species :
Gomphostemma repentum Bongch.; Kew Bull. 77: 77 (2022)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kayah)
41 MYA
Remarks: known only from type specimen
species :
Gomphostemma stellatohirsutum C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 148 (1965)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Gomphostemma strobilinum Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
Distribution: NE-India (Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram); Myanmar (widespread); Thailand (widespread except Peninsula); NW-Laos
40 IND 41 LAO MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gomphostemma acaule Kurz ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 696 (1885)
= Gomphostemma dentatum Muschl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 270 (1907)
= Gomphostemma lacei Mukerjee; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 19: 305 (1938)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum subsp. acaule (Kurz ex Hook.f.) Murata; Tonan Aija Kenkyu (S.E. Asian Stud.) 14(2): 192 (1976)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum subsp. wallichii (Prain) Murata; Tonan Aija Kenkyu (S.E. Asian Stud.) 14(2): 191 (1976)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum var. acaule (Kurz ex Hook.f.) Prain; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 3(2): 247 (1891)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum var. elatius Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum var. variegatum Craib; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 96 (1924)
= Gomphostemma strobilinum var. viride (Wall. ex Benth.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 696 (1848)
= Gomphostemma viride Wall. ex Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 12 (1830)
= Gomphostemma wallichii Prain; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 59: (1891) II. 314, et in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calc. 3: 2. 245 (1891)
species :
Gomphostemma sulcatum C.Y.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 149 (1965)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Remarks: known only from type
species :
Gomphostemma thomsonii Benth. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 698 (1885)
Distribution: NE-India (Meghalaya)
40 IND
species :
Gomphostemma velutinum Benth.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: 13 (1830)
Distribution: NE-India (Assam, Meghalaya); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life