485.0000 Family Heliotropiaceae Schrad.; Commentat. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. Recent. 4: 192 (Asperifol. Linnei Comm. 22) (1819), nom. cons.

5 genera, ca. 520 spp.. Often included in Boraginaceae s. l. Separate family following Kubitzki Vol. 14

Species listed in database: 506

485.0004 Genus Heliotropium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 130 (1753)

Distribution: Temperate to tropical regions (mostly Old World), especially more or less arid areas. There are numerous species delimitation problems based on high plasticity of species. Tournefortia is frequently recombined in Heliotropium s. lat., but not all combinations are yet available. Several species of Heliotropium still await transfer in Euploca (etc.)

Species listed in database: 240

species :

Heliotropium abbreviatum Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 224 (1895)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Potosí, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy)

83 BOL 85 ARG

species :

Heliotropium acuminatum (DC.) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 91 (2018)

Distribution: La Réunion

29 REU

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia acuminata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 520 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium acutiflorum Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 406 (1842)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran); China (N-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 IRN 36 CHI

species :

Heliotropium adenogynum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 42 (1928)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium aegyptiacum Lehm.; Index Sem. (Hamburg) 8 (1820)

Distribution: Egypt (Nile Valley, SE-Egypt); Central African Republic; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Samha Isl.; Soqotra; Kenya; Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Yemen (Tihama)

20 EGY 23 CAF 24 CHA DJI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN 35 SAU YEM

Remarks: unification of H. aegyptiacum and H. cinerascens see Fl. of tropical East Africa

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium cimaliense Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 439 (1905)

= Heliotropium cinerascens Steud. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 534 (1845)

= Heliotropium ellipticum R.Br.; Voy. Abyss. [Salt] App. 62 (1814), nomen

= Heliotropium pallens Delile; Cent. Pl. Afr. Voy. Méroé 69 (1826)

species :

Heliotropium agdense Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 297 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium albiflorum Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 267 (1889)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium erongense Dinter ex Friedr.-Holzh.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 339 (1953)

species :

Heliotropium albovillosum Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 44, t5 6, f. 1 (1967)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)

34 IRQ

species :

Heliotropium alii Y.J.Nasir; Candollea 42(2): 553 (1987)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium ammophilum Craven; Austral. Syst. Bot. 9(4): 547 (1996)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Heliotropium amplexicaule Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 21 (1794)

Name: Clasping heliotrope

Distribution: Italy [I]; Algeria [I]; Egypt [I]; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I]; India [I] (Karnataka [I]); Java [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Fiji [I]; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I]); Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I]); Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); SE-Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Canelones, Montevideo, Soriano, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman); Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I])

13 ita 20 alg egy 21 mdr 26 zim 27 saf 40 ind 42 jaw 50 aus 60 fij 63 haw 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 81 pue vir 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG cle URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea anchusifolia (Poir.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894)

= Cochranea anchusifolia var. latifolia Hicken; Apuntes Hist. Nat. 2: 194 (1910)

= Heliophytum anchusifolium (Poir.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliophytum anchusifolium var. angustifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliophytum anchusifolium var. latifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliophytum lithospermifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium f. grandiflorum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium f. medium Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium f. parviflorum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 23 (1813)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium var. angustifolium Griseb.; Symb. Fl. Argent. 271 (1879)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium var. angustifolium Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium var. latifolium (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium anchusifolium var. lithospermifolium (DC.) Griseb.

= Heliotropium bolivianum Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 225 (1895)

= Heliotropium lithospermifolium (DC.) Speg.; Contr. Fl. Sierra Vent. 44 (1896)

= Heliotropium montevidense Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 1: 66 (1901)

= Heliotropium semiamplexicaule Larrañaga; Escritos Damaso Antonio Larrañaga 2: 73 (1923)

species :

Heliotropium anchusanthum Hiern; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 1: 718 (1898)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Heliotropium angiospermum Murray; Prodr. Stirp. Gott. 217 (1770)

Name: Cotorrilla, Rabo de alacrán, Scorpion tail

Distribution: Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I]); USA (Florida, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Bonaire; Curacao; San Andres y Providencia (San Andres, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Boyacá, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Cordillera); Chile (Tarapacá)

61 mrq 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC 81 ABA AGU BAH BBD BON CAY CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB SBA STE STK STL STM STV TCI TRT VEN VIR 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 CLE PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum parviflorum (Murray) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliophytum parviflorum var. subellipticum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliophytum portoricensis Bello; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 297 (1881)

= Heliotropium foetidum Salzm. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 551 (1845)

= Heliotropium lancifolium Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic. 31 (1893)

= Heliotropium latifolium Willd. ex Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 33 (1818)

= Heliotropium oblongifolium M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11: It. 336 (1844)

= Heliotropium parviflorum L.; Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus] 201 (1771)

= Heliotropium patibilcense Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 87 (1818)

= Heliotropium rugosum M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): (1844) 336, non Phil.

= Heliotropium scorpioides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 89 (1818)

= Heliotropium synzystachyum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 3 (1799)

= Schobera angiosperma (Murray) Britton; Sci. Surv. Porto Rico & Virgin Islands 6: 6: 134 (1925)

= Schobera hirsuta Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 158 (1838)

= Tournefortia synzystachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 539 (1819)

species :

Heliotropium angustiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 91 (2018)

Distribution: Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Caquetá, Chocó, Guaviare, Santander, Sucre); Venezuela (Barinas, Delta Amacuro, Lara, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)

80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia hirsutissima Billb. ex Beurl.; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1854: 140 (1856)

= Tournefortia angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 25, t. 151 (1799)

species :

Heliotropium anomalum Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 66 (1832)

Distribution: New Caledonia (Île des Pins, Loyalty Isl.); Niue; S-Line Isl. (Caroline Atoll, Kiritimati); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Palmerston); Society Isl. (Mopelia Atoll, Tahiti, Mopelia, Bora Bora, Tetiaroa Atoll, Tupai); Tuamotu Arch. (Makatea Isl., Rangiroa Atoll, Takapoto Atoll, Fagatau, Fakahina, Ahunui, Paroa, Ahii, Mengomengo, Takaroa, Arutua, Manihi, Takume, Raroia); Austral Isl. (Rurutu, Tubuai); Pitcairn Isl.; Henderson Isl.; Northern Marianas (Saipan, Tinian, Guam); Fed. States of Micronesia (Fais); Wake Isl.

60 NUE NWC 61 AUI COO HEN LIN PIT SCI TUA 62 MIC MRN WAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Pentacarya heliotropoides DC. ex Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner] 1: 279 (1840), nom. superfl.

variant :

var. argenteum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 339 (1862)

Distribution: Henderson Isl.; Hawaii (Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl., perhaps formerly Lanai & Kahoolawe)

61 HEN 63 HAW

Conservation Status: IUCN R (Hawaii)

Synonyms: hidden

= Lithospermum incanum G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 12 (1786)

= Pentacarya heliotropioides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 559 (1845)

= Heliotropium anomalum var. candidum H.St.John; Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand, Bot. 1: 192 (1962)

variant :

var. mediale I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 18: 21 (1937)

Distribution: N-Line Isl. (Tabueran, Kiritimati)

61 LIN

species :

Heliotropium antiatlanticum Emb. ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 200 (1932)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium bacciferum subsp. antiatlanticum (Emb.) Sauvage & Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Ser. Bot. 3: 72 (1954)

= Heliotropium undulatum subsp. antiatlanteum (Emb.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 592 (1934)

species :

Heliotropium antioquianum J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 93 (2022), nom. nov.

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Boyacá, Caldas, Cundinamarca, Tolima)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia hispida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 82 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium arbainense Fresen.; Mus. Senckenberg. 1: 168 (1833)

Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt, SE-Egypt); Sudan; Ethiopia; Iran (E-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir)

20 EGY 24 ETH SUD 34 IRN ISR JOR SIN 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium maroccanum Raddi ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 537 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium arborescens L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 913 (1759)

Name: Garden heliotrope

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; European Russia [I]; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Taiwan [I]; India [c]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Java [I]; Niue [I]; Guam [I]; USA [I] (New York [I]); Cuba [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

11 ger slo 14 rus 21 mdr 38 tai 40 ind 41 and ncb 42 jaw 60 nue 62 gum 75 usa 81 cub his pue 82 clm 83 BOL ecu PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium arborescens var. grisellum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 40 (1928)

= Heliotropium corymbosum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 2, t. 107 (1799)

= Heliotropium corymbosum var. grisellum (I.M.Johnst.) Luebert; Gayana, Bot. 77(2): 118 (2020)

= Heliotropium grandiflorum Donn; Hort. Cantabrig., ed. 6: 42 (1811)

= Heliotropium odoratissimum Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montauban 47 (1789)

= Heliotropium odoratum Moench; Methodus [Moench] 415 (1794)

= Heliotropium odorum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 112 (1796)

= Heliotropium peruvianum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 287 (1762)

= Heliotropium peruvianum var. voltaireanum Paxton; Paxton´s Mag. Bot. 16: t. 99 (1849)

= Heliotropium voltaireanum (Paxton) Loudon; Suburb. Gard., ed. 2: 69 (1850)

= Synzistachium peruvianum (L.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 89 (1838)

species :

Heliotropium argenteum Willd. ex Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 73 (1818)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium lanatum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 89 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium arguzioides Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 406 (1842)

Distribution: SE-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Faryab, Herat, Kandahar, Qunduz); China (N-Xinjiang)

14 RUS 32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium leucocladum Rech.f. & Riedl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 115: 101 (1968)

= Heliotropium radula Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 101 (1849)

= Heliotropium xinjiangense Y.L.Liu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(4): 319 (1984)

species :

Heliotropium asperrimum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 493 (1810)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria); Galapagos [I]

50 AUS 83 gal

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium foliatum Lehm.; Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 2: 238 (1848), nom. illeg.

species :

Heliotropium astrotrichum (DC.) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4: 92 (2018)

Distribution: Cayman Isl.; Jamaica

81 CAY JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia cymosa Jacq.; Collectanea [Jacquin] 1: 96 (1787)

= Tournefortia astrotricha DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 520 (1845)

variant :

var. subglabrum (Stearn) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4: 92 (2018)

Distribution: Cayman Isl.; Jamaica

81 CAY JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia astrotricha var. subglabra Stearn; J. Arnold Arbor. 52(4): 633 (1971)

species :

Heliotropium aucheri DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 533 (1845)

subspecies :

subsp. aucheri

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Pakistan (Baluchistan)

34 IRN IRQ 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium sericocarpum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 322 (1869)

subspecies :

subsp. carmanicum (Bunge) Akhani & Förther; Sendtnera 2: 205 (1994)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium carmanicum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 324 (1869)

species :

Heliotropium auroargenteum (Killip) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 92 (2018)

Distribution: Venezuela (Merida)

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia auroargentea Killip; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 333 (1927)

species :

Heliotropium azzanum O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10 (Fl. Trop. Arab.): 208 (1939)

Distribution: Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut)

35 OMA YEM

species :

Heliotropium bacciferum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 38 (1775)

Distribution: Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Cameroon; Chad (Tibesti, etc.); Sudan; Somalia; Madagascar; Comores; Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); Israel (Rift Valley, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, Tihama); Turkmenistan; Pakistan; India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I])

20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 22 BKN MLI MTN SEN 23 CMN 24 CHA SOM SUD 29 COM MDG 32 TKM 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK 50 aus

Remarks: bacciferum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Dialion undulatum (Vahl) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 89 (1838)

= Heliotropium arenarium F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 6: 116 (1868)

= Heliotropium bacciferum var. fartakense (O.Schwartz) Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 163 (1970)

= Heliotropium cressoides Franch.; Sert. Somal. [Révoil, ed.] 46 (1882)

= Heliotropium fartakense O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10 (Fl. Trop. Arab.): 207 (1939)

= Heliotropium makallense O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 207 (1939)

= Heliotropium nubicum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 330 (1869)

= Heliotropium paradoxum Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 167 (1875)

= Heliotropium undulatum Kralik ex Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 89 (1874)

= Heliotropium undulatum Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 1: 13 (1790) (nom. illeg.)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. nubicum (Bunge) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 32: 214 (1941)

variant :

var. suberosum (C.B.Clarke) Bhandari; Fl. Indian Desert 234 (1978)

Distribution: India (Rajasthan)

40 IND

Conservation Status: IUCN I

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium undulatum var. suberosum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 151 (1883)

variant :

var. tuberculosum (Boiss.) Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 162 (1970)

Distribution: S-Iran; Saudi Arabia; Bahrain; Pakistan (Karachi, Makran); India (Gujarat, Rajasthan)

34 IRN 35 BAR SAU 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium bacciferum subsp. tuberculosum (Boiss.) Riedl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 113: 167 (1966)

= Heliotropium kotschyi Bunge; Reliq. Bot. [Lehmann] 404 (1851)

= Heliotropium tuberculosum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 147 (1879)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. tuberculosum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1: 89 (1849)

species :

Heliotropium balfourii Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894), nom. nov.

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium odorum Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 81 (1883), nom. illeg.

species :

Heliotropium baluchistanicum Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 172 (1970)

Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan)

40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium benadirense Chiov.; Ric. Idrogeol. Bot. Entomol. Somalia Ital. Merid. [Stefanini & Paoli] 1: 119 (1916)

Distribution: Somalia; Kenya

24 SOM 25 KEN

species :

Heliotropium biannulatiforme Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 227 (1931)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan

32 KGZ TKM UZB

species :

Heliotropium biannulatum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 300 (1869)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Parwan); Pakistan (Khyber, Peshawar)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium dicricophorum Rech.f. & Riedl; Biol. Skr. 13(4) [Symb. Afghan. 5]: 186 (1963)

= Heliotropium khyberanum Rech.f. & Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48, 35 (1967)

species :

Heliotropium biblianum Craven; Blumea 50(2): 379 (2005)

Distribution: Nicobar Isl.; ?peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo (incl. Natuna Isl., Anambas Isl.); Philippines; Java; New Guinea (Irian Jaya); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

41 NCB 42 BOR JAW NWG PHI SNG SUM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium scandens Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5(4): 18 (1790), nomen

= Tetrandra glabra (Hassk.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 929 (1858)

= Tetrandra wallichii Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 928 (1859)

= Tetrandra zollingeri Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 928 (1859)

= Tournefortia glabra (Hassk.) Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 5 (1845), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia tetrandra Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 845 (1826)

= Tournefortia tetrandra var. angustifolia Moritzi; (1845) (nom. nud.)

= Tournefortia tetrandra var. glabra Hassk.; Flora 25(2, 1. Beibl.): 27 (1842)

= Tournefortia tetrandra var. longiflora Hassk.; Pl. Jav. Rar. [Hasskarl] 492 (1848)

= Tournefortia tetrandra Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 911 (1829), nom. inval.

= Tournefortia wallichii A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 527 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium bogdanii Czukav.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 18(2): 60 (1975)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

species :

Heliotropium borasdjunense Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 55: 6 (1944)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium bovei Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 87 (1849)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jazira, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania)

11 ger 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium prusianum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 310 (1869)

= Heliotropium smyrnaeum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 311 (1869)

species :

Heliotropium brevilimbe Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 89 (1849) et Fl. 4: 145 (1875)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium brevilobatum (K.Krause) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 93 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Magdalena, Nariño); Ecuador

82 CLM 83 ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia brevilobata K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 630 (1906)

species :

Heliotropium bucharicum B.Fedtsch.; Rastitel´n Turkest. [B.Fedtschenko] 659 (1915), nomen, et Bull. Jard. Bot. Petersb. 15: 1, descr.

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; NE-Afghanistan

32 TZK UZB 34 AFG

species :

Heliotropium buruense Craven; Blumea 50(2): 379 (2005), nom. nov.

Distribution: Moluccas (Buru)

42 MOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia oppositifolia Riedl; Blumea 41(2): 444 (1996)

species :

Heliotropium cabulicum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 328 (1869)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Logar, Wardak, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan); Pakistan (Kurram, Waziristan)

34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium caribaeum (Griseb.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 1 (2020)

Distribution: Guadeloupe (Les Saintes Isl.); Dominica; Martinique

81 DOM GDL MAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia psilostachya var. caribaea DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 525 (1845)

= Tournefortia caribaea (A.DC.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 484 (1862)

species :

Heliotropium chaudharyanum Al-Turki, Omer & Ghafoor; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(2): 215 (2001)

Distribution: Saudi Arabia

35 SAU

species :

Heliotropium chenopodiaceum (A.DC.) Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 4: 458 (1849)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea chenopodiacea (A.DC.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 132 (1868)

= Cochranea sentis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 351 (1895)

= Heliophytum chenopodiaceum A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

variant :

var. ericoideum (Miers) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 121: 244 (1907)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea ericoidea Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 130 (1868)

= Cochranea pearcei (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 352 (1895)

= Eritrichium glabratum Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile 1891: 56 (1891)

= Heliotropium pearcei Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 1: 65 (1861)

species :

Heliotropium chorassanicum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 301 (1869)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Faryab, Ghorat, Herat); Bangladesh [I]

32 TKM 34 AFG IRN 40 ban

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium chorassanicum var. lasiocarpum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 301 (1869)

= Heliotropium chorassanicum var. leiocarpum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 302 (1869)

= Heliotropium longicalyx Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 47 (1951)

species :

Heliotropium ciliatum Kaplan; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 187 (1927)

Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]

26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium ciliatum var. lanceolatum Kaplan; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 187 (1927)

= Heliotropium gibbosum Friedr.-Holzh.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 3: 616 (1960)

= Heliotropium pustulatum Kaplan; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 187 (1927)

= Heliotropium tuberculosum (Cham.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 94 (1893)

= Tournefortia tuberculosa Cham.; Linnaea 4: 467 (1829)

species :

Heliotropium circinatum Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 78 (1844)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: circinatum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium kotschyanum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 312 (1869)

= Heliotropium neglectum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42(1): 312 (1869)

species :

Heliotropium confertiflorum Boiss. & Noë ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 132 (1856)

Distribution: Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia)

34 IRQ

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium boissieri Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 96 (1894)

species :

Heliotropium congestum Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 336 (1894)

Distribution: Yemen (SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut)

35 YEM

species :

Heliotropium coriaceum Lehm.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 14(2): 810 (1829)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca)

79 MEX

species :

Heliotropium crassifolium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 131 (1856) et Fl. 4: 128 (1875)

Distribution: Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia)

34 IRQ

species :

Heliotropium crispatum F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 4: 395 (1868)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Heliotropium crispum Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 151 (1798)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Mauritania

20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 22 MTN

Synonyms: hidden

= Bourjotia erosa (Lehm.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 90 (1874)

= Bourjotia kralikii Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 89 (1874)

= Heliophytum erosum (Lehm.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliophytum erosum var. prostratum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliotropium bacciferum subsp. erosum (Lehm.) Riedl; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 17(2): 299 (1985), isonym

= Heliotropium bacciferum subsp. erosum (Lehm.) Sauvage & Vindt; Trav. Inst. Sci. Chérifien, Sér. Bot. 3: 72 (1954)

= Heliotropium bacciferum var. erosum (Lehm.) Hadidy; Fl. Egypt Checkl. 118 (1995)

= Heliotropium canariense Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 728 (1819)

= Heliotropium erosum Lehm.; Neue Schriften Naturf. Ges. Halle 3(2): 15 (1817)

= Heliotropium erosum var. prostratum (DC.) Pit. & Proust; Îles Canaries [Pitard & Proust] 272 (1909)

= Heliotropium kralikii Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 89 (1874)

= Heliotropium maroccanum Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 56 (1819)

= Heliotropium suffruticescens Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 90 (1874)

= Heliotropium undulatum f. stenophyllum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 437 (1938)

= Heliotropium undulatum subsp. erosum (Lehm.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 306 (1931)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. crispum (Desf.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 592 (1934)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. kralikii (Pomel) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 306 (1931)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. maroccanum (Lehm.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 569 (1878)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. monodianum Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 306 (1931)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. suffruticescens (Pomel) Maire; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 3: 177 (1933)

species :

Heliotropium curassavicum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 130 (1753)

Name: Cotorrera de playa, Alacranillo de mar (ES); Seaside heliotrope, Salt heliotrope (EN); Curacao-Sonnenwende (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; Baleares [I]; France [I]; Sardinia [I]; Italy [I]; Sicily [I]; Isole Pelagie [I] (Lampedusa [I]); Albania [I]; Romania [I]; C-Greece [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Egypt [I] (Eastern Desert [I]); Azores [I] (Sao Miguel Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Fuerteventura [I], Gran Canaria [I], Tenerife [I]); Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Sao Vicente Isl. [I], Sal Isl. [I], Ilha da Boa Vista [I], Ilha de Maio [I]); Tanzania [I]; Angola [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Ascension Isl. [I]; Madagascar [I]; East Aegaean Isl. [I] (Lesvos [I], Chios [I]); Turkey [I] (W-Anatolia [I]); Saudi Arabia [I] (Hejaz [I]); Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates [I]; Bahrain [I]; Pakistan [I]; India [I] (Andhra Pradesh [I], Delhi [I], Karnataka [I], Punjab [I], Rajasthan [I], Tamil Nadu [I], West Bengal [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Thailand [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Hawaii (Lanai, French Frigate Shoals, Nihoa, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Kahoolawe Isl., Hawaii Isl.); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Maine, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Bermuda; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro, Isla Clarion); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Clipperton Isl.; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Guadeloupe; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; San Andres y Providencia (San Andres, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, La Guajira, Magdalena); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Dependencias Federales, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; ?French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Bolivia (Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Paraíba); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Formosa, La Rioja, Rio Negro, Santiago del Estero, San Luis); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins)

11 ger 12 bal fra por sar spa 13 alb grc ita pel rom sic 20 alg egy lby mor tun 21 azo cny cvi 25 tan 26 ang moz 27 bot nam saf 28 asc 29 mdg 34 eai tur 35 bar qat sau uae 40 ban ind pak srl 41 tha 42 jaw phi 50 aus 63 HAW 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX RGI 80 BLZ CLI COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA AGU ARU BAH BBD BER BON CAY CUB CUR GDL GRE HIS PUE SBA STE STK STL STM STV TCI VEN VIR 82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Coldenia succulenta Peter; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, Math.-Phys. Kl., Ser. 2, 13(2): 90 (1928)

= Heliotropium angustifolium Raf.; Herb. Raf. 79 (1833)

= Heliotropium chenopodioides Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 1: 175 (1809)

= Heliotropium chilense Bertero; Mercurio Chileno 614 (1829)

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. chenopodioides (Willd.) Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 1: 34 (1818)

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. parviflorum Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 227 (1886)

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. violaceum Ram.Goyena; Fl. Nicarag. 2: 641 (1911)

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. virens DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 538 (1845)

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. xerophilum A.Nelson & J.F.Macbr.; Bot. Gaz. 61: 35 (1916)

= Heliotropium glaucophyllum Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 147 (1802), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium glaucum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 113 (1796)

= Heliotropium lehmannianum Bruns; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 8: 68 (1929)

= Heliotropium portulacoides DC. ex Bello; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 10: 298 (1881)

= Heliotropium virens E.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 538 (1845), nom. inval.

= Heliotropium xerophilum Cockerell; Bot. Gaz. 33: 379 (1902)

variant :

var. argentinum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 15 (1928)

Distribution: Bolivia; S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Maldonado, Montevideo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, San Luis, Tucuman)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

variant :

var. fruticulosum I.M.Johnst.; Wrightia 2: 15 (1959)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, San Juan)

85 ARG

variant :

var. obovatum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 538 (1845)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium curassavicum subsp. obovatum (DC.) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 31(2): 353 (1982)

= Heliotropium spathulatum Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 262 (1903)

variant :

var. oculatum (A.Heller) I.M.Johnst. ex Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 42 (1935)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Utah); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Veracruz, etc.)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium curassavicum subsp. oculatum (A.Heller) Thorne; Aliso 9(2): 191 (1978)

= Heliotropium oculatum A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 1: 58 (1904)

= Heliotropium spathulatum subsp. oculatum (A.Heller) Ewan

species :

Heliotropium cuspidatum (Kunth) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2019-63: 1 (2019)

Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Haiti; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Bolívar, Boyacá, Caquetá, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Santander); Venezuela (Apure, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Tachira, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Acre)

80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 HIS TRT 82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia cuspidata Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 83 (1818)

= Tournefortia obscura A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 517 (1845)

= Tournefortia setifera Urb. & Ekman; Ark. Bot. 22A(17): 94 (1929)

species :

Heliotropium dasycarpum Ledeb.; Pl. Nov. Casp.-Caucasus [Eichwald] 11 (1831-1833 publ. 1835)

subspecies :

subsp. dasycarpum

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Farah, Ghazni, Ghorat, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Nangarhar, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost); Pakistan (Gilgit, Quetta); India (Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium arenicola Rech.f. & Riedl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 115: 100 (1968)

= Heliotropium brahuicum Stocks; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 4: 173 (1852)

= Heliotropium dasycarpum var. gymnostomum Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 165 (1970)

= Heliotropium gymnostomum Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 18: t. 1755 (1888)

= Heliotropium martii Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894)

= Heliotropium schrenkianum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 102 (1847)

subspecies :

subsp. transoxanum (Bunge) Akhani & Förther; Sendtnera 2: 230 (1994)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Balkh, Farah, Faryab, Helmand, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kandahar, Nimroz, Samangan)

32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium desertarum Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12: 150 (1860)

= Heliotropium gillianum (Riedl) Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 167 (1970)

= Heliotropium gymnostomum var. aucheriiforme Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 241 (1931)

= Heliotropium popovii Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48. 27 (1967)

= Heliotropium popovii subsp. gillianum Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 28 (1967)

= Heliotropium taftanicum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 46 (1951)

= Heliotropium transoxanum Bunge; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 7: 402 (226) (1851), et Beitr. Fl. Russl. 226 (1852)

species :

Heliotropium dentatum Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 81 (1884)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

Conservation Status: IUCN V

species :

Heliotropium denticulatum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 145 (1875)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium derafontense Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 464 (1905)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium digynum (Forssk.) Asch. ex C.Chr.; Dansk Bot. Ark. 4 3: 14 (1922)

Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, SE-Egypt); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Israel (C-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir); Kuwait; United Arab Emirates

20 ALG EGY TUN 34 IRQ ISR JOR SIN 35 KUW SAU UAE

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium callosum Spreng.; Novi Provent. [Sprengel] 21 (1818)

= Heliotropium eriocarpum Delile ex Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 55 (1818)

= Heliotropium lineatum Delile; Descr. Égypte, Hist. Nat. 2(Mém.): 37 (1813)

= Heliotropium luteum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3-22 (1813) (nom. illeg.)

= Lithospermum digynum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 40 (1775)

species :

Heliotropium disciforme Akhani; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 23(2): 569 (1991)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium dissitiflorum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 88 (1849) et Fl. 4: 132 (1875)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium dolosum De Not.; Repert. Fl. Ligust. 284 (1844)

Name: Großfrüchtige Sonnwende (DE); Largefruit Heliotrope (EN)

Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered, but widespread in Kiklades); Crete; Ukraine; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Syria (Jazira); Saudi Arabia (Asir); United Arab Emirates

13 BUL GRC ITA KRI NMA PEL ROM SIC TUE 14 KRY UKR 33 ARM GEO 34 CYP EAI IRN SYR TUR 35 SAU UAE

Remarks: europaeum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium eichwaldii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 131 (1875) et auct. non Steud. (1840)

= Heliotropium macrocarpum Guss.; Enum. Pl. Inarim. 214, t. 7 (1855)

species :

Heliotropium drepanophyllum Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 336 (1894)

Distribution: Egypt; Somalia; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (coastal Hadhramaut); Yemen (Inner Hadhramaut)

20 EGY 24 SOM 35 OMA YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Nogalia drepanophylla (Baker) Verdc.; Kew Bull. 43(3): 432 (1988)

= Nogalia drepanophylla subsp. suaediformis Verdc.; Kew Bull. 43(3): 434 (1988)

species :

Heliotropium ellipticum Ledeb.; Pl. Nov. Casp.-Caucasus [Eichwald] 10 (1831 publ. 1835)

Distribution: E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Ethiopia; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Yemen (Inner Hadhramaut); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Waziristan); India (Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

14 KRY RUS UKR 24 ETH 32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR 35 YEM 40 IND PAK

Remarks: europaeum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium eichwaldii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 744 (1840-41) (nom. illeg.)

= Heliotropium europaeum Aitch.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 178 (1882) non L.

= Heliotropium europaeum var. ellipticum (Ledeb.) Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(1): 75 (1868)

= Heliotropium littorale Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 565 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium parviflorum Steven ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 131 (1875)

= Heliotropium stevenianum Andrz.; Ischisl. Rast. Podolsk. Gub. 2: 116 (1862)

= Heliotropium stevenianum Andrz. ex Hohen.; Enum. Pl. Talysch [Hohenacker] 75 (1838)

= Heliotropium striatum Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 376 (1882)

= Heliotropium strictum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 3: 100 (1847)

species :

Heliotropium elongatum (Lehm.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 96 (1893)

Distribution: Malawi [I]; Java [I]; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Pará, Tocantins); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari); Uruguay (Cerro Largo); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe)

26 mlw 42 jaw 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum elongatum (Lehm.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 555 (1845)

= Tiaridium elongatum Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 18 (1818)

variant :

var. burchellii I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 19 (1928)

Distribution: N-Brazil; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil

84 BRA

species :

Heliotropium eremobium Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 321 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium eremogenum I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 18: 20 (1937)

Distribution: Chile (Tarapacá, Antofagasta)

85 CLE

species :

Heliotropium erianthum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 41 (1928)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium eritrichoides Kotschy; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1, 52: 259 (1866)

Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir)

35 SAU

species :

Heliotropium esfahanicum Khat.; Iran. J. Bot. 8(2): 184 (2000)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium esfandiarii Akhani & Riedl; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 23(2): 615 (1991)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium europaeum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 130 (1753)

Name: Europäische Sonnenwende, Sonnwendkraut (DE); European heliotrope (EN); Hierba verruguera (ES)

Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg [I], Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], +Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete; Belarus; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma); South Africa [I] (W-Cape Prov. [I]); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.); Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz); United Arab Emirates; Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, Tihama); China [I] (W-Gansu [I], Xinjiang [I]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I]

11 AUT GER HUN SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 27 saf 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN ISR JOR TUR 35 SAU UAE YEM 36 chi 50 aus 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex

Remarks: europaeum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium album St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 614 (1889)

= Heliotropium canescens Moench; Methodus [Moench] 415 (1794), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium carduchorum C.Koch; Linnaea 22(2): 627 (1849)

= Heliotropium commutatum Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 29 (1819)

= Heliotropium dioscoridis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 1: 508 (1897)

= Heliotropium erectum Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 281 (1779)

= Heliotropium europaeum subsp. tenuiflorum (Guss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 508 (1881)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. gymnocarpum Borbás; (1932)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. hebecarpum H.Lindb.; Itin. Medit., Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., n. s. 1(2): 125 (1932)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. hispidula P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 335 (1957)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. tenuiflorum Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 205 (1827)

= Heliotropium glandulosum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 493 (1810)

= Heliotropium gymnocarpum Borbás; Magyar Tud. Akad. Értes. 14: 405 (1876)

= Heliotropium humile Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 118 (1796)

= Heliotropium lacunarium F.Muell.; Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 20 (1855)

= Heliotropium majus Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd., t. 299 (1764), opus utique rej.

= Heliotropium oblongifolium Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann], Suppl. 19 (1819)

= Heliotropium pycnanthum P.Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 462 (1897)

= Heliotropium subcanescens Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 564 (1851)

= Heliotropium tenuiflorum (Guss.) Guss.; Enum. Pl. Vasc. 213 (1844)

= Heliotropium vulgare Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montauban 47 (1789)

species :

Heliotropium fedtschenkoanum Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 229 (1931)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

species :

Heliotropium ferrugineogriseum Nábělek; Spisy Přír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 70: 16, t. 3 (1926)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: circinatum agg.

Conservation Status: IUCN I

species :

Heliotropium filiflorum (Griseb.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Name: Herbe a chique, Mal moulo-ou (Lesser Antilles), Nigua (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Eustatius; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Barbados

81 ABA BBD DOM GDL MAR MTS PUE SAB STE STL STM STV VIR

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia cymosa Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 253 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia filiflora Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 483 (1862)

species :

Heliotropium filifolium (Miers) I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 32 (1928)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); Chile (Atacama)

83 BOL 85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea filifolia Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 131 (1868)

= Cochranea kingii Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 350 (1895)

= Heliotropium chenopodiaceum var. filifolium (Miers) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 121: 244 (1907)

= Heliotropium kingii (Phil.) Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 196 (1910)

species :

Heliotropium floridum (A.DC.) Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 4: 457 (1849)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea florida (A.DC.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2(8): 129 (1868)

= Heliophytum floridum A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliotropium floridum var. latifolium Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 43: 516 (1873)

species :

Heliotropium foetidissimum (L.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Distribution: Jamaica; Hispaniola; Venezuela (Aragua, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Tachira); Peru

81 HIS JAM 82 VEN 83 PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Messerschmidia corymbosa G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 371 (1837)

= Tournefortia corymbosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 541 (1819)

= Tournefortia cymosa L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 1: 202 (1762)

= Tournefortia dichotoma Moc. & Sessé ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 518 (1845)

= Tournefortia foetida Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 165 (1805)

= Tournefortia foetidissima L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 140 (1753)

species :

Heliotropium fragillimum Rech.f.; Biol. Skr. 13(4) [Symb. Afghan. 5]: 186 (1963)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Helmand, Kandahar)

34 AFG

species :

Heliotropium fuliginosum (Kunth) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 94 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Lara, Merida, Sucre, Tachira); Ecuador

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia rugosa Willd.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 540 (1819)

= Tournefortia fuliginosa Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 81 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium gaubae Rech.f. & Riedl; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 110: 516 (1963)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium laricum Parsa; Kew Bull. [3]: 211 (1948) (non Bornm. (1941))

species :

Heliotropium geissei F.Phil. ex Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 352 (1895)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago)

85 ARG CLE

species :

Heliotropium genovefae I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 378 (1939)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)

81 HIS

species :

Heliotropium gibberosum (Urb.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia gibberosa Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 349 (1912)

species :

Heliotropium giessii Friedr.-Holzh.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 3: 616 (1960)

Distribution: S-Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga)

25 KEN TAN 26 ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium erectum Friedr.-Holzh.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 338 (1953), non Vell.

species :

Heliotropium gigantifolium (Killip ex J.S.Mill.) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 94 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Putumayo); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia gigantifolia Killip ex J.S.Mill.; Novon 10(1): 49 (2000)

species :

Heliotropium glabriusculum (Torr.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 10: 50 (1875)

Name: Greeneye heliotrope

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum glabriusculum Torr.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 2(1): 139 (1859)

species :

Heliotropium glabrum (L.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Name: Nigua (Cuba), Nigua hedionda (Dominican Republic)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Sucre, Valle); Ecuador; Peru

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CAY CUB HIS JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia glabra L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 141 (1753)

= Tournefortia macrophylla Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 416 (1792)

= Tournefortia foetidissima Descourt. ex Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 483 (1862) non L.

species :

Heliotropium glutinosum Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 38 (1860)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea glutinosa (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 349 (1895)

species :

Heliotropium gossypii Ponert; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 337, f. 1 (1973)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium gracilipes (I.M.Johnst.) J.I.M.Melo; Kew Bull. 77(4): 970 (2022)

Distribution: Venezuela (Sucre)

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia gracilipes I.M.Johnst.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(3): 511 (1953)

species :

Heliotropium gracillimum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 294 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium grande Popov; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 12: 32 (1953), et Fl. URSS 19: 126 (1953)

Distribution: Turkmenistan

32 TKM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium gymnostomum Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 239 (1931) (non Hemsl. (1883))

species :

Heliotropium greuteri Riedl; Nouv. Fl. Liban Syrie 3: 53, Pl. XXVII no. 3 (1977)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Syria (Jazira)

34 SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium grandiflorum Aucher ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 532 (1845) (non Donn (1811))

species :

Heliotropium griffithii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 131 (1856)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan)

34 AFG

species :

Heliotropium gypsaceum Rech.f. & Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 46 (1967)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium halacsyi Riedl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 69: 89 (1966)

Distribution: Greece (Epirus, NW-Greece, Ionian Isl., rare Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

species :

Heliotropium halame Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 12.150 (1860)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium haussknechtii Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 310 (1869)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: circinatum agg.

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Heliotropium hirsutissimum Grauer; Pl. Min. Cogn. Decuria 1 (1784)

Name: Behaarte Sonnenwende (DE); Hairy Heliotrope (EN)

Distribution: Bulgaria [I]; European Turkey; Greece (mostly C- & S-Greece, most islands incl. Limnos, Ionian Isl.); Crete; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Negev Desert); Saudi Arabia (Rub al Khali, Asir)

13 bul GRC KRI TUE 20 EGY LBY 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium villosum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 741 (1798)

species :

Heliotropium huascoense I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 34 (1928)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo)

85 CLE

Remarks: sometimes included in H. stenophyllum

species :

Heliotropium incanum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 2, t. 108 (1799)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium inconspicuum Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 203 (1910)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea parviflora Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 350 (1895)

species :

Heliotropium indicum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 139 (1753)

Name: Cotorrera, Moco de pavo, Pico de cotorra, Yerba cotorra, Indian heliotrope; Bright Eye, Eye-Bright, Fedogoso, Scorpion Bush, Scorpion Weed, Veven Lache-Eskupyon (Trinidad & Tobago)

Distribution: Mauritania [I]; Senegal [I]; Gambia [I]; Guinea-Bissau [I]; Guinea [I]; ?Liberia [I]; Mali [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Ivory Coast [I]; Ghana [I]; Togo [I]; Benin [I]; Niger [I]; Nigeria [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Annobon Isl. [I]; Gabon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Central African Republic [I]; D.R.Congo [Zaire] [I]; Burundi [I]; Chad [I]; Sudan [I]; South Sudan [I]; Ethiopia [I]; Tanzania [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Malawi [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I] (incl. Caprivi Strip [I]); Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (Limpopo [I], KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Madagascar [I]; Aldabra [I] (Farquhar Isl. [I]); China [I] (Fujian [I], Hainan [I], SW-Yunnan [I]); Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I] (almost throughout [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I] (North Andamans [I], Middle Andamans [I], South Andamans [I], Little Andaman Isl. [I]); Nicobar Isl. [I] (Car Nicobar Isl. [I], North Nicobars [I], Central Nicobars [I], Great Nicobar Isl. [I], Little Nicobar Isl. [I]); Myanmar [I] (Yangon [I]); Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Singapore [I]; Sumatra [I]; Borneo [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I] (throughout [I]); Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Lombok [I], Sumbawa [I], Bali [I], Sumba [I], Flores [I], Timor [I]); Moluccas [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I] (Irian Jaya [I], Papua New Guinea [I]); Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I]); Vanuatu [I]; Palau [I] (Koror [I], Kosrae [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Sarigan [I], Saipan [I], Tinian [I], Rota [I]); Guam [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I], West Virginia [I]); Mexico [I] (Campeche [I], Chiapas [I], Colima [I], Guerrero [I], Jalisco [I], México State [I], Michoacan [I], Morelos [I], Nayarit [I], Oaxaca [I], Puebla [I], Quintana Roo [I], San Luis Potosi [I], Sinaloa [I], Tabasco [I], Tamaulipas [I], Veracruz [I], Yucatan [I], Zacatecas [I]); Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Guana [I], St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I], Tortola [I], Virgin Gorda [I]); St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Barbuda [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Marie-Galante [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; San Andres y Providencia [I] (San Andrés [I], Providencia y Santa Catalina [I]); Colombia [I] (Amazonas [I], Antioquia [I], Arauca [I], Atlántico [I], Bolívar [I], Caldas [I], Casanare [I], Cauca [I], Cesar [I], Chocó [I], Córdoba [I], Cundinamarca [I], Guainía [I], La Guajira [I], Magdalena [I], Meta [I], Norte de Santander [I], Santander [I], Sucre [I], Tolima [I], Valle [I]); Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela [I] (Amazonas [I], Anzoategui [I], Apure [I], Aragua [I], Barinas [I], Bolívar [I], Carabobo [I], Cojedes [I], Delta Amacuro [I], Venezuela Distrito Federal [I], Falcon [I], Guarico [I], Merida [I], Miranda [I], Monagas [I], Nueva Esparta [I], Sucre [I], Tachira [I], Yaracuy [I], Zulia [I]); Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador; Galapagos [I]; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Amapa, Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brazília Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Misiones, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

22 ben bkn gam gha gnb gui ivo mli mtn nga ngr sen tog 23 ann bio bur caf cmn con gab pri sao zai 24 cha eth ssu sud 25 tan 26 ang mlw moz zam zim 27 bot nam saf 29 ald mdg 36 chi 38 nns tai 40 ban bhu ind nep srl 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 bor jaw lsi mly mol nwg phi scs sng sul sum xms 43 sol 50 aus 60 van 62 gum mrn plu 74 usa 75 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos els gua hon nic pan 81 aba bah bbd cay cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue stk stl stm stv trt ven vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 BOL ECU gal PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Eliopia riparia Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 90 (1838)

= Eliopia serrata Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 90 (1838)

= Heliophytum foetidum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliophytum indicum (L.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 556 (1845)

= Heliophytum velutinum (Lehm.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 557 (1845)

= Heliotropium africanum Schumach. & Thonn.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 87 (1827)

= Heliotropium anisophyllum P.Beauv.; Fl. Oware 2: 62 (1817)

= Heliotropium cordifolium Moench; Methodus [Moench] 415 (1794)

= Heliotropium foetidum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 112 (1796)

= Heliotropium horminifolium Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)

= Heliotropium lanceolatum Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5(4): 18 (1790), nomen

= Heliotropium parviflorum Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 80 (1837)

= Tiaridium anisophyllum (P.Beauv.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 364 (1837)

= Tiaridium indicum (L.) Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 14 (1818)

= Tiaridium indicum var. mexicanum M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11: 337 (1844)

= Tiaridium velutinum Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 15 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium jaffuelii I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 18: 19 (1937)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta)

85 CLE

species :

Heliotropium jizanense Al-Turki, Omer & Ghafoor; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 137(2): 219 (2001)

Distribution: Saudi Arabia

35 SAU

species :

Heliotropium johnstonii Ragonese; Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 3: 80 (1950)

Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero, San Juan)

85 ARG

species :

Heliotropium kaserunense Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 61B: 87 (1941)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium kavirense Riedl; Iran. J. Bot. 1: 33 (1976)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium keralense Sivar. & Manilal; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 51(3-4): 348 (1972 publ. 1973)

Distribution: India (Assam, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.

40 IND 41 AND NCB

species :

Heliotropium khayyamii Akhani; Phytotaxa 249(1): 41 (2016)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium krauseanum Fedde; Just´s Bot. Jahresber. 34(3): 72 (1908)

subspecies :

subsp. krauseanum

Distribution: Peru; Chile (Tarapacá)

83 PER 85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium saxatile Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 633 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. jahuayense Luebert; Kew Bull. 68(1): 26 (2013)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium kumense Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 320 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium kuriense Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 463 (1905)

Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium kurtzii Gangui; Trab. Mus. Bot. (Cordoba) 2(1): 520 (1955)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquén)

85 ARG

species :

Heliotropium laevigatum (Lam.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Name: Bejuco cachaza, Bejuco cayaya macho, Cayaya, Cayaya hembra, Nigua (Cuba), Nigua (Dominican Republic), Crete coq, Herbe a chiques, Herbe a malingres, Herbe a milingres, Liane a chiques, Racine chique, Racines chiques (Haiti), Liane a chique, May wet, Mirette (Lesser Antilles), Niguita (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolívar, Caquetá, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Canindeyu)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BBD CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB STK STL STM STV TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Spilocarpus gracilis Lem.; Jard. Fleur. 4(Misc.): 79 (1854)

= Tournefortia aubletii J.F.Macbr.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 51: 541 (1916)

= Tournefortia bicolor subvar. latifolia (Lam. ex Griseb.) M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 256 (1890)

= Tournefortia bicolor var. brachysepala Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 483 (1862)

= Tournefortia bicolor var. laevigata Lam. ex Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 483 (1862)

= Tournefortia glabra Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 118 (1775), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia hirsutissima f. bicolor (Sw.) D.L.Nash; Fl. Veracruz 18: 141 (1981)

= Tournefortia laevigata Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 416 (1792)

= Tournefortia laevigata var. latifolia (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 519 (1845)

= Tournefortia laevis Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 48 (1894)

= Tournefortia latifolia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 540 (1819)

= Tournefortia laurifolia Poepp. ex Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 465 (1829), nom. inval.

= Tournefortia nitida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 84 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium lamarckii Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020), nom. nov.

Name: Cayaya, Nigua, Nigua de paredon, Sabrosa (Cuba)

Distribution: Cuba; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Thomas)

81 CUB HIS PUE VIR

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia scabra Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 417 (1791)

species :

Heliotropium lamondiae Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 168 (1970)

Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan)

40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 4, t. 111 (1799)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium laricum Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 61, B: 89 (1941)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium lasianthum Riedl; Kew Bull. 33: 517, f. 1 (1979)

Distribution: Iraq (W-Iraq: Desert)

34 IRQ

species :

Heliotropium lasiocarpum Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. [St. Petersburg (Petropolitanus)] 4: 38 (1837)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Limnos); E-European Russia; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Kalimnos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Qunduz, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar, Zabul); Cyprus (N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (N-Saudi Arabia, Asir); United Arab Emirates; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, Tihama); China (N-Henan, SW-Shanxi, N-Xinjiang); Pakistan (Chitral, N. W. Frontier Prov., Kurram, Lahore, Pakistani Punjab, Gilgit); India (Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

13 GRC 14 RUS 20 EGY 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 OMA SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium eichwaldii var. lasiocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 150 (1883)

= Heliotropium ellipticum var. lasiocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Popov; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 42: 220 (1931)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. lasiocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 176 (1970)

= Heliotropium europaeum var. tenuiflorum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 130 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium tenuiflorum (Boiss.) Guss.; Enum. Pl. Inarim. 213 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium tenuifolium Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 293 (1869), nom. illeg.

species :

Heliotropium leiocarpum Morong; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 168 (1893)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraná); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium leiocarpum f. albiflora Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 483 (1905)

= Heliotropium leiocarpum f. minor Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 2: 816 (1902)

species :

Heliotropium lignosum Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 167 (1875)

Distribution: Sudan; Eritrea; Somalia; Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut); Pakistan (Karachi)

24 ERI SOM SUD 35 SAU YEM 40 PAK

Remarks: sometimes included in H. bacciferum s. l.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium bacciferum subsp. lignosum (Vatke) Kazmi; J. Arnold Arbor. 51: 163 (1970)

= Lithospermum lignosum Schweinf. ex Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 167 (1875)

species :

Heliotropium lilloi (I.M.Johnst.) Luebert; Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 52(4): 794 (2017)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)

83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium lilloi (I.M.Johnst.) J.I.M.Melo; Harvard Pap. Bot. 23(1): 15 (2018), isonym

= Tournefortia lilloi I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 92: 71 (1930), nom. nov.

= Tournefortia undulata Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 25 (1799)

species :

Heliotropium linariifolium Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 38 (1860)

Distribution: Chile (Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium longiflorum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 354 (1895)

species :

Heliotropium lineare (A.DC.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 96 (1894)

Distribution: Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Mpulamanga, Free State, N-Cape Prov.); Lesotho

27 BOT LES NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum lineare A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 555 (1845)

= Heliotropium kuntzei Gürke; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 205 (1898)

= Tournefortia linearis (A.DC.) E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 226 (1843)

= Tournefortia linearis E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 226 (1843), nom. inval.

species :

Heliotropium lippioides K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 632 (1906)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium litvinovii Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 218 (1931)

Distribution: Turkmenistan

32 TKM

species :

Heliotropium longiflorum (A.DC.) Jaubert & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 4: 96 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. longiflorum

Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir, Hejaz); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)

35 OMA SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum longiflorum Hochst. & Steud. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 555 (1845)

= Heliotropium graminifolium Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 319 (1932)

= Heliotropium pseudolongiflorum Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 315 (1932)

variant :

var. stenophyllum Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10: 209 (1939)

Distribution: Sudan; ?South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; ?Oman; Yemen

24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN UGA 35 YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium somalense Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 166 (1875)

subspecies :

subsp. undulatifolium (Turrill) Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 68 (1991)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; ?Angola

25 KEN TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium engleri Gürke ex Vaupel; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 531 (1912)

= Heliotropium undulatifolium Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1915: 76 (1915)

species :

Heliotropium longistylum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 515 (1873)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea longistyla (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 349 (1895)

= Heliotropium vernicosum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 355 (1895)

species :

Heliotropium luzonicum (I.M.Johnst.) Craven; Blumea 50(2): 379 (2005)

subspecies :

subsp. luzonicum

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon); New Guinea (Irian Jaya)

42 NWG PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia luzonica I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 156 (1935)

subspecies :

subsp. angustissimum (Riedl) Craven; Blumea 50(2): 379 (2005)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia luzonica subsp. angustissima Riedl; Blumea 41: 443 (1996)

subspecies :

subsp. sublucens (I.M.Johnst.) Craven; Blumea 50(2): 379 (2005)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia luzonica subsp. sublucens (I.M.Johnst.) Riedl; Blumea 41: 443 (1996)

= Tournefortia luzonica var. sublucens I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 157 (1935)

species :

Heliotropium macrodon (Fresen.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Parabouchetia brasiliensis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 662 (1887)

= Schleidenia macrodon Fresen.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 35 (1857)

species :

Heliotropium macrolimbe Riedl; Biol. Skr. 13(4) [Symb. Afghan. 5]: 192 (1963)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Helmand, Kandahar)

34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium luteoviride Rech.f. & Riedl; Biol. Skr. 13(4) [Symb. Afghan. 5]: 191 (1963)

species :

Heliotropium macrostachyum (DC.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 375 (1882)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum macrostachyum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 556 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium magistri Raenko; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 73(11): 1607 (1988)

Distribution: Turkmenistan

32 TKM

species :

Heliotropium makranicum Rech.f. & Esfand.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 44 (1951)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium mamamense Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 308 (1869)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium teheranicum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 309 (1869)

species :

Heliotropium mandonii I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 43 (1928)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL ECU PER

species :

Heliotropium maranjonense Luebert & Weigend; Phytotaxa 49: 36 (2012)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium maris-mortui Zohary; Palestine J. Bot., Jerusalem Ser. 2: 177 (1941)

Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley)

34 ISR

species :

Heliotropium megalanthum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 35 (1928)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea corymbosa Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 126 (1868)

= Cochranea crassifolia (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 349 (1895)

= Heliotropium corymbosum (Miers) Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 200 (1910), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium crassifolium Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 43: 515 (1873), nom. illeg.

species :

Heliotropium melanochaeta (DC.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2019-63: 2 (2019)

Distribution: French Guiana; NE-Brazil (Bahia)

82 FRG 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia melanochaeta DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 520 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium mesinanum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 313 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium messerschmidioides Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 438 (1891)

Name: Duraznillo (ES)

Distribution: Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma)

21 CNY

Synonyms: hidden

= Ceballosia fruticosa (L.f.) G.Kunkel; Kanar. Ins. und Pflanzenw. 158 (1980), generic name not validly publ.

= Ceballosia fruticosa (L.f.) G.Kunkel ex Förther; Sendtnera 5: 130 (1998)

= Messerschmidia floribunda Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 112 (1796)

= Messerschmidtia fruticosa L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 132 (1782)

= Tournefortia fruticosa (L.f.) Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. 6: t. 464 (1820), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia messerschmidia Sweet; Hort. Bot. Vindob. 31 (1818)

variant :

var. angustifolium (Lam.) Kunkel; Monogr. Biol. Canar. 3: 61 (1972)

Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera)

21 CNY

Synonyms: hidden

= Ceballosia fruticosa var. angustifolia (Lam.) G.Kunkel; Kanar. Ins. und Pflanzenw. 158 (1980), nom. inval.

= Ceballosia fruticosa var. angustifolia (Lam.) G.Kunkel ex Förther; Sendtnera 5: 130 (1998)

= Messerschmidia angustifolia Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2: 415 (1796)

= Messerschmidia fruticosa f. angustifolia (Lam.) Kunkel; Cuad. Bot. Canaria 5: 48 (1969)

= Messerschmidtia angustifolia (Lam.) Pit.; Îles Canaries [Pitard & Proust] 272 (1908)

= Tournefortia angustifolia (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 539 (1819)

species :

Heliotropium micranthos (Pall.) Bunge; Beitr. Fl. Russl. 223 (1852)

Distribution: E-European Russia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran); China (N-Xinjiang)

14 RUS 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 IRN 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Beruniella micranthos (Pall.) Zakirov & Nabiev; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 8: 169 (1986)

= Heliotropium micranthos (Pall.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 138 (1879), isonym

= Onosma micranthos Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. [Pallas] 2: 734 (1776)

= Tournefortia micranthos (Pall.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 10: 67 (1846)

species :

Heliotropium microspermum E.J.Thomps.; Austrobaileya 8(3): 335 (2011)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

species :

Heliotropium microstachyum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 3, t. 110 (1799)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Tarija); Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santa Fe, San Juan, Tucuman)

83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Coldenia phaenocarpa Phil.; Anales Mus. Nac., Santiago de Chile 56 (1892)

= Heliophytum brachystachyum A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliophytum brachystachyum A.DC. ex Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894)

= Heliotropium bangii Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 414 (1907)

= Heliotropium brachystachyum (A.DC.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 97 (1894)

= Heliotropium phaenocarpum Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 195 (1910)

= Tournefortia microstachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 538 (1819)

species :

Heliotropium minutiflorum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 324 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium molle (Torr.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 375 (1939)

Name: Soft heliotrope

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum molle Torr.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 138 (1859)

= Tournefortia mollis (Torr.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 10: 50 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia monclovana S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 18: 120 (1883)

species :

Heliotropium muelleri (I.M.Johnst.) Craven; Blumea 50(2): 380 (2005)

Distribution: Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (?Bali, Sumba); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Queensland, N-Western Australia)

42 LSI NWG PHI 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia mollis F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 1: 59 (1859), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia muelleri I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 157 (1935)

species :

Heliotropium multiflorum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 44 (1951)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium murinum Craven; Austral. Syst. Bot. 9(4): 552 (1996)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

species :

Heliotropium myosotifolium (A.DC.) Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 201 (1910)

Distribution: Chile (Tarapacá, Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea hebecula Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2(8): 130 (1868)

= Cochranea hispidula Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2(8): 132 (1868)

= Cochranea myosotifolia (A.DC.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 128 (1868)

= Heliophytum stenophyllum var. myosotifolium A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliotropium canum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 356 (1895)

= Heliotropium hispidulum (Miers) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 121: 243 (1907)

= Heliotropium hispidulum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 356 (1895)

= Heliotropium stenophyllum var. myosotifolium (A.DC.) Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 4: 456 (1849)

species :

Heliotropium myosotoides Banks & Sol.; Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2 [Russell]: 2: 245 (1794)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel)

34 IRN ISR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium aleppicum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 88 (1849) et Fl. 4: 129 (1875)

species :

Heliotropium nicotianifolium Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 23 (1813)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Cordillera, Paraguari); Uruguay (Colonia, Paysandu, Rio Negro, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

83 BOL 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum nicotianifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliophytum sidifolium (Cham.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliotropium sidifolium Cham.; Linnaea 4: 460 (1829)

= Tournefortia heliotropioides Hook.; Bot. Mag. 58: t. 3096 (1831)

species :

Heliotropium nodulosum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 45 (1951)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium noeanum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 3: 132 (1856)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ

variant :

var. edentatum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(2): 128 (1879)

Distribution: Iraq; Iran

34 IRN IRQ

species :

Heliotropium olgae Bunge; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 3(1): 114 (1874)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB

species :

Heliotropium oliganthum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 58: 46 (1951)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran, SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium oliverianum Schinz; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 268 (1888)

Distribution: Namibia

27 NAM

species :

Heliotropium ophioglossum Stocks ex Aitch.; Cat. Pl. Punjab Sindh 94 (1869)

Distribution: Somalia; Soqotra; Saudi Arabia; Yemen (SW-Yemen); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sind, Karachi); India (Maharashtra)

24 SOC SOM 35 SAU YEM 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium ditrichum Stocks ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 145 (1875)

= Heliotropium ophioglossum Stocks ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 145 (1875)

= Heliotropium stylosum Franch.; Sert. Somal. [Révoil, ed.] 45 (1882), nom. illeg.

= Heliotropium vierhapperi O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10 (Fl. Trop. Arab.): 210 (1939)

species :

Heliotropium oxapampanum Luebert & Weigend; Phytotaxa 49: 41 (2012)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium pamparomasense Luebert & Weigend; Phytotaxa 49: 38 (2012)

Distribution: Peru

83 PER

species :

Heliotropium pannifolium Burch. ex Hemsl.; Rep. Voy. Challenger, Bot. 1(2): 78 (1884)

Distribution: +St. Helena

28 STH

Conservation Status: IUCN Ex

species :

Heliotropium paronychioides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 565 (1845)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, San Juan); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos)

85 ARG CLE

species :

Heliotropium parvulum Popov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 333 (1951)

Distribution: Kazakhstan

32 KAZ

species :

Heliotropium patagonicum (Speg.) I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 8 (1928)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Santa Cruz)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Valentina patagonica Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 53: 78 (1902)

= Valentiniella patagonica (Speg.) Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, Ser. 2, 9: 9 (1903)

species :

Heliotropium paulayanum Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 55: 463 (1905)

Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium pectinatum Vaupel; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 530 (1912)

subspecies :

subsp. pectinatum

Distribution: S-Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Zanzibar

24 SOM 25 KEN TAN

subspecies :

subsp. mkomaziense Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 61 (1991)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

subspecies :

subsp. septentrionale Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 61 (1991)

Distribution: N-Kenya

25 KEN

subspecies :

subsp. harareense (E.S.Martins) Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 59 (1991)

Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe

25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium harareense E.S.Martins; Garcia de Orta, Ser. Bot. 9(1-2): 74 (1987 publ. 1988)

species :

Heliotropium petiolare (A.DC.) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 92 (2018)

Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia acutiflora M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 333 (1844)

= Tournefortia nelsonii Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 23: 10 (1897)

= Tournefortia petiolaris A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 520 (1845)

species :

Heliotropium philippianum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 36 (1928)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)

85 CLE

species :

Heliotropium phylicoides Cham.; Linnaea 4: 460 (1829)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); Uruguay (Colonia, Lavalleja, Salto); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum phylicoides (Cham.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 554 (1845)

= Heliotropium phylicoides f. luciliifolium Arechav.; Anales Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo 7: (Fl. Urug. 4): 175 (1911)

species :

Heliotropium pileiforme Czukav.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 18(2): 58 (1975)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Heliotropium pinnatisectum Pérez-Mor.; Darwiniana 12: 629 (1963)

Distribution: Argentina (Neuquén)

85 ARG

species :

Heliotropium pleiopterum F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 9: 121 (1875)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory)

50 AUS

species :

Heliotropium pseudoindicum H.Chuang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 5(1): 59 (1983)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Heliotropium pterocarpum (DC. & A.DC.) Hochst. & Steud. ex Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 331 (1869)

Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Nigeria; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Yemen (Aden Desert, SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, Tihama)

20 EGY 22 MTN NGA 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 35 SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Bourjotia pterocarpa (DC.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 90 (1874)

= Heliophytum pterocarpum DC. & A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliotropium kassasii Täckh. & Boulos; Publ. Cairo Univ. Herb. 4: 21 (1971)

species :

Heliotropium pycnophyllum Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 38 (1860)

Distribution: India [I] (widespread); Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)

40 ind 85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea pycnophylla (Phil.) Phil. ex Reiche; Fl. Chile [Reiche] 5: 196 (1910)

= Heliotropium breanum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 357 (1895)

= Heliotropium brevifolium Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 357 (1895)

species :

Heliotropium ramosissimum (Lehm.) Sieber ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 536 (1845)

Name: Wavy heliotrope (EN); Ästige Sonnenwende (DE); Camellera (ES)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Madeira (Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Sal Isl., Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Mauritania; N-Mali; Burkina Faso; N-Chad (incl. Tibesti, Ennedi); Djibouti; Turkmenistan; Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, C-Saudi Arabia, Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Rub al Khali, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Bahrain; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, Inner Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Karachi, Peshawar, Khyber, Rawalpindi, etc.); India (Gujarat, Karnataka, Punjab, Rajasthan); USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I])

20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY CVI MDR 22 BKN MLI MTN 24 CHA DJI 32 TKM 34 IRN IRQ SYR 35 BAR KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK 75 usa

Remarks: bacciferum agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum kotschyi Bunge; Reliq. Bot. [Lehmann] 404 (1851)

= Heliotropium affghanum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 143 (1875)

= Heliotropium assyricum Aucher ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 537 (1845)

= Heliotropium bacciferum var. crispum (Desf.) Sauvage & Vindt

= Heliotropium balansae Riedl; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 17(2): 295 (1985)

= Heliotropium eriocarpum Schimp. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 537 (1845)

= Heliotropium kotschyi Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 95 (1893)

= Heliotropium moroccanum G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 360 (1837), non Lehm.

= Heliotropium persicum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 4(1): 147 (1875) (non Lam. (1789))

= Heliotropium plebeium Banks ex Buch; Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins. [Buch] 144 (1828)

= Heliotropium ramosissimum (Lehm.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 536 (1845)

= Heliotropium ramosissimum var. trichocarpum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 537 (1845)

= Heliotropium sarothroclados Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 61: B. 89 (1941)

= Heliotropium turcomanicum Popov & Korovin; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 246 (1931)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. persicum (Lam.) Maire; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 3: 177 (1933)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. persicum Maire; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 3: 177 (1933)

= Heliotropium undulatum var. ramosissimum Lehm.; Icon. Descr. Nov. Stirp. 4: 24, t. 40 (1823)

= Lithospermum hispidum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 39 (1775)

species :

Heliotropium rechingeri Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48. 25 (1967)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium remotiflorum Rech.f. & Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 35 (1967)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Kandahar); Pakistan (Makran, etc.)

34 AFG IRN 40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium riebeckii Schweinf. & Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 256 (1906)

Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium riedlii Craven; Blumea 50(2): 380 (2005)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia minutiflora Riedl; Blumea 41(2): 443 (1996)

species :

Heliotropium roigii (Britton) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 2 (2020)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia roigii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 462 (1926)

species :

Heliotropium rollotii (Killip) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 94 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia rollotii Killip; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 334 (1927)

species :

Heliotropium romeroi (I.M.Johnst.) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 94 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Nariño)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia romeroi I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 37: 294 (1956)

= Tournefortia spicata J.S.Mill.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 619 (1989)

species :

Heliotropium rotundifolium Sieber ex Lehm.; Icon. Descr. Nov. Stirp. 19, t. 30 (1821)

Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

20 EGY 34 ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR

species :

Heliotropium rudbaricum (Bornm.) Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48: 24 (1967)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium minutiflorum Bunge var. rudbaricum Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 78 (1907)

species :

Heliotropium rufipilum (Benth.) I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 44 (1928)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON NIC 83 BOL ECU GAL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium jaliscense J.F.Macbr.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11. 542 (1916)

= Heliotropium physocalycium Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 49: 457 (1910)

= Heliotropium rufipilum var. anadenum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 44 (1928)

= Heliotropium urbanianum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 37: 633 (1906)

= Tournefortia rufipila Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 140 (1844)

species :

Heliotropium ruhanyi Riedl & Esfand.; Bot. Abteil. Pl. Pests Diseases Res. Inst. 8: 1 (1976)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium ruiz-lealii I.M.Johnst.; Wrightia 2: 13 (1959)

Distribution: Argentina (San Juan)

85 ARG

species :

Heliotropium rusbyi Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 92 (2018), nom. nov.

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia andina Britton ex Rusby; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 148 (1899)

species :

Heliotropium samoliflorum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 314 (1969)

subspecies :

subsp. samoliflorum

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN

subspecies :

subsp. erzurumicum Dönmez; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 45(5): 397 (2008)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Heliotropium saonae Alain; Phytologia 47(3): 189 (1980)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS

species :

Heliotropium sarmentosum (Lam.) Craven; Blumea 50(2): 380 (2005)

Distribution: Seychelles [I]; Bangladesh; Andaman / Nicobar Isl.; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Flores, Timor, Alor, Wetar); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Queensland); Vanuatu

29 sey 40 BAN 41 LAO VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM 43 SOL 50 AUS 60 VAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Bourreria setosa (Roxb.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 390 (1837)

= Ehretia setosa Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 342 (1824)

= Tournefortia acclinis F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 4: 95 (1864)

= Tournefortia frangulifolia Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 334 (1841)

= Tournefortia glabrifolia Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 544 (1928)

= Tournefortia hirsutissima Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 128 (1837), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia horsfieldii Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 927 (1858)

= Tournefortia macrophylla K.Schum. & Lauterb.; Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 520 (1901), nom. illeg.

= Tournefortia orientalis R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 497 (1810)

= Tournefortia sarmentosa Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2(1): 416 (1792)

= Tournefortia sarmentosa var. magnifolia Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 1097 (1928)

= Tournefortia urvilleana Cham.; Linnaea 4: 465 (1829)

species :

Heliotropium scabridum (Kunth) J.I.M.Melo; Phytotaxa 568(1): 96 (2022)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Nariño, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Portuguesa, Tachira, Trujillo); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia scabrida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 3: 83 (1818)

species :

Heliotropium schahpurense Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 61B: 8 8 (1941)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium schreiteri I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 10 (1928)

Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Cordoba, Formosa, Salta)

85 ARG PAR

species :

Heliotropium schweinfurthii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. 350 (1888)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)

34 LEB

species :

Heliotropium sclerocarpum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 515 (1873)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama)

85 CLE

Remarks: sometimes included in H. chenopodiaceum

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea sclerocarpa (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 351 (1895)

= Heliotropium chenopodiaceum var. sclerocarpum (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 121: 244 (1907)

species :

Heliotropium scotteae Rendle; J. Bot. 70: 161 (1932)

Distribution: N-Kenya

25 KEN

species :

Heliotropium seravschanicum Popov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 42: 222 (1931)

Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan

32 TZK UZB

species :

Heliotropium serpentinicum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 202 (1948)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., S-Iran)

34 IRN

variant :

var. brachystylum Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 203 (1948)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium shirazicum Mozaff. ex Negaresh; Phytotaxa 351(3): 246 (2018)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium shirazicum Mozaff.; Iran. J. Bot. 12(2): 109 (2006), nom. inval.

species :

Heliotropium shoabense Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 465 (1905)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium sibiricum (L.) J.I.M.Melo; Kew Bull. 77(4): 970 (2022)

Name: Siberian sea rosemary

Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Primorye); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (N-Iran); China (Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu); USA [I] (Oregon [I])

13 BUL ROM TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TKM UZB 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 73 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Argusia cimmerica Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 560 (1851)

= Tournefortia sibirica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 141 (1753)

= Argusia messerschmidia Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 560 (1851)

= Argusia repens Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 167 (1838)

= Argusia sibirica (L.) Dandy; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65(2): 256 (1972)

= Heliotropium japonicum A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 6: 403 (1859)

= Messerschmidia argunia Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 130, t. 109, f. 3 (1791), orth. var.

= Messerschmidia argusia L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 2: 149 (1767), nom. illeg.

= Messerschmidia sibirica (L.) L.; Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus] 334 (1771)

= Messerschmidia sibirica var. latifolia (A.DC.) H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 1: 178 (1948)

= Tournefortia argusia (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 540 (1819)

= Tournefortia argusia var. latifolia A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 514 (1845)

= Tournefortia sibirica var. grandifolia H.J.P.Winkl.

variant :

var. angustior (A.DC.) comb.ined.

Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi)

32 KAZ 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Argusia rosmarinifolia (Roem. & Schult.) Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 559 (1851)

= Messerschmidia rosmarinifolia Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 844 (1819)

= Messerschmidia sibirica subsp. angustior (A.DC.) Kitag.

= Messerschmidia sibirica var. angustior (A.DC.) W.T.Wang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(2): 34 (1989)

= Messerschmidia sibirica var. rosmarinifolia (Turcz.) Popov

= Tournefortia argusia var. angustior A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 514 (1845)

= Tournefortia rosmarinifolia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 693 (1841), nom. inval.

= Tournefortia sibirica var. angustior (A.DC.) G.L.Chu & M.G.Gilbert; Novon 5: 17 (1995)

= Tournefortia sibirica var. rosmarinifolia Turcz.

species :

Heliotropium simile Vatke; Linnaea 43: 317 (1882)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania

24 ETH 25 KEN TAN

species :

Heliotropium sinuatum (Miers) I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 26 (1928)

Distribution: Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea conferta var. auriculata Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 126 (1868)

= Cochranea rosmarinifolia (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 349 (1895)

= Cochranea sinuata Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 127 (1868)

= Heliophytum floridum var. bridgesii DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 553 (1845)

= Heliotropium floridum var. bridgesii (DC.) Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 4: 457 (1849)

= Heliotropium izagae Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 355 (1895)

= Heliotropium rosmarinifolium Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 43: 514 (1873)

species :

Heliotropium smaragdinum (Proctor) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 3 (2020)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia smaragdina Proctor; J. Arnold Arbor. 63(3): 296 (1982)

species :

Heliotropium sogdianum Bunge; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 7: 402 (1847)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol)

32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG

Synonyms: hidden

= Argusia sogdiana (Bunge) Czerep.; Sosud. Rast. S.S.S.R. 112 (1981)

= Messerschmidtia sogdiana (Bunge) Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48, 9 (1967)

= Tournefortia sogdiana (Bunge) Popov; Bull. Sect. Turkest. Soc. Russe Géogr. 15: 52 (1922), in adnot.

species :

Heliotropium sokotranum Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 462 (1905)

Distribution: ?Samha Isl.; Soqotra

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium stamineum (Griseb.) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-11: 3 (2020)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia staminea Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 484 (1862)

species :

Heliotropium stenophyllum Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 38 (1830)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea conferta Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 125 (1868)

= Cochranea stenophylla (Hook. & Arn.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 4, 2: 128 (1868)

= Heliophytum rosmarinifolium Bertero ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845), nom. inval.

= Heliophytum stenophyllum (Hook. & Arn.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliophytum stenophyllum var. rosmarinifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 552 (1845)

= Heliotropium rosmarinifolium Bertero ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 744 (1841) nom. nud.

= Heliotropium stenophyllum var. rosmarinifolium (Bertero ex A.DC.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 121: 242 (1907), isonym

= Heliotropium stenophyllum var. rosmarinifolium (Bertero ex A.DC.) Clos; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 4: 456 (1849)

= Meladendron chilense Molina; Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili, ed. 2: 143 (1810)

species :

Heliotropium steudneri Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 167 (1875)

subspecies :

subsp. steudneri

Distribution: Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Yemen (SW-Yemen)

24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ 35 YEM

Remarks: situation in the Ethiopian region unclear. H. nelsonii and H. abyssinicum are frequently considered separate species

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium abyssinicum Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 68 (1875)

= Heliotropium bottae Deflers; Voyage Yemen 172, t. 5 (1889)

= Heliotropium chiatellinii Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 321 (1932)

= Heliotropium dissimile N.E.Br.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 4(2.1): 42 (1905)

= Heliotropium eduardii Martelli; Fl. Bogos. 59 (1886)

= Heliotropium gorinii Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 317 (1932)

= Heliotropium hildebrandtianum Cufod.; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 32: Suppl., 774 (1962)

= Heliotropium hirsutissimum Vatke; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 25: 167 (1875)

= Heliotropium nelsonii C.H.Wright; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 4(2): 9 (1904)

= Heliotropium rogersii Kaplan; Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 188 (1927)

= Heliotropium steudneri var. oppositifolium Chiov.; Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 120 (1916)

= Heliotropium steudneri var. petiolosum Chiov.; Res. Sci. Somalia Ital. 120 (1916)

variant :

var. iringensis Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 65 (1991)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

subspecies :

subsp. bullatum Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Boraginac. 65 (1991)

Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

25 KEN TAN UGA

species :

Heliotropium styligerum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 484 (1880)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Heliotropium suaveolens M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 116 (1820)

subspecies :

subsp. suaveolens

Name: Wohlriechende Sonnenwende (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; ?Corsica; ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered mainland, rare Kiklades); E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Samos, Leros, Nisyros, Karpathos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel)

11 ger 13 BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR TUR

Remarks: suaveolens agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium europaeum subsp. suaveolens (M.Bieb.) Litard; Prodr. Fl. Corse 3(2): 88 (1955)

= Heliotropium humile Schult.; Observ. Bot. [Schultes] 27 (1809)

= Heliotropium inodorum Szov. ex Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24: 563 (1851)

= Heliotropium intermedium Andrz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 563 (1851), et Izv. Univ. Kiev, No. 7 (Enum. Pl. Podol.) 116 (1862) ex Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 535 (1845)

= Heliotropium odorum Szov. ex Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 567 (1851)

= Heliotropium turcicum Friv.; Flora 19: 436 (1836)

subspecies :

subsp. bocconei (Guss.) Brummitt; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 64: 67 (1971)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Corsica; Italy; Sicily

11 ger 12 COR 13 ITA SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium aetnicum Jan; Elench. Pl. [Jan] 3 (1831)

= Heliotropium bocconei Guss.; Index Sem. (Boccadifalco) 1825: 6 (1825)

= Heliotropium villosum C.Presl; Fl. Sicul. [Presl] 1: 34 (1826)

species :

Heliotropium submolle Klotzsch; Allg. Gartenzeitung [Otto & Dietrich] 20: 89 (1852)

Distribution: Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru

83 ECU GAL PER

species :

Heliotropium subspinosum Thulin & A.G.Mill.; Nordic J. Bot. 23(5): 527 (2005)

Distribution: Somalia

24 SOM

species :

Heliotropium sudanicum F.W.Andrews; Kew Bull. [8]: 440 (1953)

Distribution: Sudan; Tanzania; Saudi Arabia (Asir, C-Saudi Arabia, Rub al Khali); Saudi Arabia (Nejd Desert)

24 SUD 25 TAN 35 SAU

species :

Heliotropium sultanense Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 315 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium supinum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 130 (1753)

Name: Dwarf heliotrope (EN); Niedrige Sonnenwende (DE); Hierba de alacran (ES)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (scattered, incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad (incl. Ennedi); Sudan; Ethiopia; Djibouti; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Leros, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Pakistan (Karachi, Mirpur); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (widespread); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I])

11 ger HUN 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SRB TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 22 BEN MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA DJI ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 32 KAZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 MYA 50 aus 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium ambiguum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 533 (1845)

= Heliotropium capense Sw. ex Lehm.; Neue Schriften Naturf. Ges. Halle 3(2): (1817) 13, Asperif. 50

= Heliotropium capense Thunb.; Fl. Cap. [Thunberg] 1: 248 (1811)

= Heliotropium coromandelianum Raddi ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 533 (1845)

= Heliotropium europaeum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 38 (1775) non L. 1753

= Heliotropium heliotropioides Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 39 (1775)

= Heliotropium hirsutum E.D.Clarke; Travels Eur. Asia & Africa 2: 451 (1812)

= Heliotropium lineatum Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 1: 13 (1790), nom. superfl.

= Heliotropium malabaricum Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 4: 24 (1786)

= Heliotropium supinum var. malabaricum (Retz.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 149 (1883)

= Lithospermum heliotropoides Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 39 (1775)

= Piptoclaina malabarica (Retz.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 364 (1837)

= Piptoclaina supina (L.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 364 (1837)

= Scorpianthes lineatum Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 89 (1838), nom. superfl.

species :

Heliotropium szovitsii (Steven) Stschegl.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 26(1): 328 (1853)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Bucanion szovitsii Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 24(1): 568 (1851)

= Heliotropium kowalenskyi Stschegl.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 26(1): 326 (1853)

= Heliotropium szowitsii (Steven) Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 308 (1869)

species :

Heliotropium taltalense (Phil.) I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 27 (1928)

Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Cochranea rugosa (Phil.) Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 351 (1895)

= Cochranea taltalensis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 349 (1895)

= Heliotropium rugosum Phil.; Fl. Atacam. 38 (1860)

species :

Heliotropium thermophilum Kit Tan, A.Çelik & Gemici; Advanced Sci. Lett. 1(1): 132 (2008)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Heliotropium tiaridioides Cham.; Linnaea 4: 453 (1829)

Distribution: Brazil; S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapa, Central, Itapua); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum tiaridioides (Cham.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 555 (1845)

= Heliotropium monostachyum var. tiaridioides (Cham.) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 2: 816 (1902)

= Heliotropium transalpinum var. tiaridiodes (Cham.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 186 (1935)

= Tiaridium heliotropioides Cham.; Linnaea 4: 453 (1829)

species :

Heliotropium transalpinum Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 68 2: t. 40 (1825 publ. 1829)

Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Colombia (Cesar); Ecuador; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Paraguari); Uruguay (Artigas, Salto); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones)

79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC 82 CLM 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliophytum monostachyum (Cham.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 556 (1845)

= Heliophytum monostachyum var. ovatum Fresen.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 47 (1857)

= Heliophytum persicariifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 556 (1845)

= Heliotropium monostachyum Cham.; Linnaea 4: 455 (1829)

= Heliotropium monostachyum var. ovatum Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 483 (1905)

= Heliotropium persicariifolium Britton; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 169 (1893)

= Heliotropium tiaridioides var. schizocarpum I.M.Johnst.; Contr. Gray Herb. 81: 7 (1928)

= Tiaridium monostachyum (Cham.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 365 (1837)

variant :

var. arcanum Di Fulvio & Ariza; Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 39(1-2): 119 (2004)

Distribution: Bolivia; Paraguay (Caaguazu, Misiones); Argentina (Formosa, Jujuy, Salta)

83 BOL 85 ARG PAR

species :

Heliotropium trichostomum Bunge; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 42: 319 (1869)

Distribution: Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Heliotropium tubulosum E.Mey. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 537 (1845)

Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)

27 NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium burmanni Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 736 (1819)

= Heliotropium tomentosum Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 4 (1768)

species :

Heliotropium tzvelevii T.N.Popova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 11: 270 (1974)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE

species :

Heliotropium ulei (Vaupel) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2019-63: 2 (2019)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz)

82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Tournefortia ulei Vaupel; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6: 186 (1914)

species :

Heliotropium ulophyllum Rech.f. & Riedl; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 48, 31 (1967)

Distribution: Pakistan (Quetta)

40 PAK

species :

Heliotropium velutinum (Sm.) Govaerts; Skvortsovia 4(3): 93 (2018)

Distribution: Kenya; Zanzibar; Mozambique; Mozambique Channel Isl. [Îles Éparses] (Juan de Nova Isl.); Mauritius (Cargados Carajos Isl., Tromelin Isl.); La Réunion; Îles Glorieuses; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Asuncio Isl., Cosmoledo Isl., Astove Isl., Providence Isl., Farquhar Isl.); Agalega Isl.; Seychelles (African Banks Isl., Desroches Isl., Coetivy Isl., Darros Isl.); Chagos Arch. (Diego Garcia); China (Hainan); Japan (Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Bonin Isl. (Keetaajima, Chichijima, Minamijima, Anejima, Hirashima); Taiwan; India (Tamil Nadu); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Maldives; Sri Lanka; Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobars, Central Nicobars, Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia (Langkawi Isl., P. Babi Tengah and P. Tinggi, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Batanes, Luzon to Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Timor); Moluccas (Sula Arch.); Cocos [Keeling] Isl.; North Keeling Isl.; Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, Mapia Isl.); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland); Ashmore & Cartier Isl. (Ashmore Reef); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Rotuma Isl.; Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua, Lifuka, Vava´u, Late); Niue; Fiji; Wallis & Futuna (Alofi Isl., Futuna Isl., ´Uvea Isl. and islets [Wallis]); American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu´u, Ofu, Olosega, Ta´u, Rose Atoll); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu, Savai´i, Aleipata Isl.); Tuvalu (Nui Atoll); Tokelau (Nukunonu, Fakaofo, Atafu, Swains Isl.); Phoenix Isl. (Kanton, Enderbury, Manra, Nikumaroro, Orona); Gilbert Isl. (Butaritari, Tarawa, Nonouti, Tabiteuea, Onotoa); Banaba [Ocean] Isl.; Nauru; N-Line Isl. (Palmyra Atoll, Teraina, Tabueran, Kiritimati); S-Line Isl. (Caroline Atoll); Cook Isl. (widespread, incl. N-Cook Isl., Rarotonga); Society Isl. (Mopelia Atoll, Tahiti, Raiatea, Tetiaroa Atoll, Tupai); Gambier Isl. (Mangareva); Tuamotu Arch. (Makatea Isl., Rangiroa Atoll, Takapoto Atoll, etc.); Austral Isl. (Rapa Iti, Rimatara, Raivavae, Tubuai); Oeno Atoll; Pitcairn Isl.; Henderson Isl. (incl. Ducie Atoll); Marcus Isl. [Minami-Torishima]; Palau (Kayangel, Koror, Malakal, Urukthapel, Ngeanges, Angaur, Ngaremdiu, Sonsorol, Helen Reef); Northern Marianas (Saipan, Tinian, Rota); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Fais, Eauripik, Woleai, Faraulep, Ifalik, Lamotrek, Satawal, Puluwat, Namonuito, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Fefan, Piis, Nama, Losap, Namoluk, Etal, Lukunor, Satawan, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi, Ant, Pohnpei, Mokil, Pingelap, Kosrae); Marshall Isl. (Bokak, Bikar, Enewetok, Bikini, Rongelap, Rongerik, Taka, Utirik, Ujelang, Ujae, Wotho, Lae, Kwajalein, Ailuk, Jemo, Likiep, Aur, Ailinglapalap, Majuro, Arno, Kili, Jaluit); Wake Isl.; Hawaii [I] (Kure Isl. [I], Midway Isl. [I], Pearl and Hermes Reef [I], Lisianski Isl. [I], Lanai [I], French Frigate Shoals [I], Niihau [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I])

25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 29 AGA ALD CGS IGL MAU MCI REU SEY 36 CHI 38 JAP NNS OGA TAI 40 IND LDV MDV SRL 41 NCB VIE 42 BOR CKI JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SCS SUL SUM XMS 43 BIS SOL 50 ASH AUS 60 ASA FIJ GIL NRU NUE NWC OCE PHX ROT SAM TOK TON TUV VAN WAL 61 AUI COO GBI HEN LIN PIT SCI TUA 62 GUM MCU MIC MRN MRS PLU WAK 63 haw

Synonyms: hidden

= Argusia argentea (L.f.) Heine; Fl. Nouv.-Calédonie & Dépend. 7: 109, t. 24 (1976)

= Argusia argentea (L.f.) Murata; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 39(4-6): 164 (1988), isonym

= Heliotropium arboreum (Blanco) Mabb.; Mabberley´s Pl.-Book 1101 (2017)

= Heliotropium foertherianum Diane & Hilger; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 125(1): 46 (2003), nom. nov. superfl.

= Messerschmidia argentea (L.f.) I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16(2): 164 (1935)

= Tournefortia arborea Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 129 (1837)

= Tournefortia arborescens Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 417 (1792)

= Tournefortia argentea L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 133 (1782)

= Tournefortia velutina Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 36: no. 3 (1817)

species :

Heliotropium verdcourtii Craven; Blumea 50(2): 378 (2005), nom. nov.

Name: Cattle Tongue Greasy Bush, Jigger Bush, Rough Bush (Trinidad & Tobago); Nigua, Chiggery grapes

Distribution: USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola); St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Kitts; Antigua; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Vincent; Tobago; Trinidad; San Andres y Providencia (San Andres, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Santander, Valle); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Pando)

78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE SAB STK STM STV TRT VEN VIR 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Bourreria cumanensis (A.DC.) Gürke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3a: 87 (1893)

= Cordia pellita Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 800 (1819)

= Ehretia cumanensis A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 511 (1845)

= Ehretia cymosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 805 (1819), nom. inval.

= Ehretia laevis var. cymosa Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 805 (1819)

= Heliotropium album (Splitg. ex de Vriese) Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2019-63: 1 (2019), non H. album St.-Lag.

= Heliotropium funkiae Feuillet; Phytoneuron 2020-12: 1 (2020), nom. nov.

= Messerschmidia hirsutissima (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 541 (1819)

= Messerschmidia tomentosa (Mill.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 371 (1837)

= Messerschmidtia hirsutissima (L.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 4: 541 (1819)

= Oskampia hirsuta Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 123 (1838)

= Pittonia hirsuta Pritz.; Icon. Bot. Index [Pritzel] 855 (1855)

= Tournefortia alba Splitg. ex de Vriese; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1: 347 (1848)

= Tournefortia asperrima M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 333 (1844)

= Tournefortia bicolor Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 40 (1788)

= Tournefortia bicolor var. calycosa Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 14: 27 (1889)

= Tournefortia billbergiana Beurl.; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1854: 139 (1856)

= Tournefortia calycosa (Donn.Sm.) D.L.Nash; Fl. Veracruz 18: 131 (1981)

= Tournefortia carnosa Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 6 (1768)

= Tournefortia elliptica M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 332 (1844)

= Tournefortia hirsutissima L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 140 (1753)

= Tournefortia hirsutissma f. bicolor (Sw.) D.L.Nash; Fl. Veracruz 18: 141 (1981)

= Tournefortia odorata Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 48 (1894)

= Tournefortia schomburgkii A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 517 (1845)

= Tournefortia tepicana M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 15: 148 (1929)

= Tournefortia tomentosa Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 5 (1768)

species :

Heliotropium veronicifolium Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 232 (1874)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz, Tarija); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Concepcion); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

83 BOL 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium repens Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 233 (1874)

= Heliotropium repens var. medium Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium repens var. stenophyllum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 205 (1898)

= Heliotropium salsum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 233 (1874)

species :

Heliotropium wagneri Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 465 (1905)

Distribution: Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Samha Isl.

24 SOC

species :

Heliotropium wissmannii O.Schwartz; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 10 (Fl. Trop. Arab.): 205 (1939)

Distribution: Yemen (SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut)

35 YEM

species :

Heliotropium zeylanicum (Burm.f.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 2: 393 (1793)

Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Comores; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Qatar [I]; Yemen (Aden Desert, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Jhelum, Salt Range, Karachi, Sind, Rawalpindi); India (Andhra Pradesh, Delhi, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Sri Lanka; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

20 EGY 22 BKN MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN 23 CMN ZAI 24 CHA DJI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 29 COM 35 qat SAU YEM 40 IND PAK SRL 42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Heliotropium curassavicum var. zeylanicum Burm.f.; Fl. Ind. [N.L.Burman] Prodr. Fl. Cap. 4 1, t. 16 (1768)

= Heliotropium inconspicuum Dinter ex Vaupel; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 530 (1912)

= Heliotropium linifolium Lehm.; Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 35 (1818)

= Heliotropium paniculatum B.Heyne ex C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 4: 148 (1883)

= Heliotropium saltianum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 774 (1841), nom. inval.

= Heliotropium subulatum (Hochst. ex A.DC.) Vatke; Linnaea 43: 316 (1882)

= Heliotropium subulatum var. arenarium Vatke; Linnaea 43: 316 (1882)

= Heliotropium zeylanicum var. arenarium (Vatke) Chiov.; Fl. Somala 3: 141 (1936)

= Heliotropium zeylanicum var. subulatum (Hochst. ex A.DC.) Chiov.; Fl. Somala 3: 140 (1936)

= Messerschmidia hispida Benth.; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 306 (1835)

= Myosotis fruticosa L.; Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus] 201 (1771)

= Tournefortia edgeworthii A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 529 (1845)

= Tournefortia royleana A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 527 (1845)

= Tournefortia stenoraca Klotzsch; Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 6(Bot. 1): 250 (1861)

= Tournefortia subulata Hochst. ex.A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 528 (1845)

= Tournefortia zeylanica (Burm.f.) Wight; Ill. Ind. Bot. (Madras) 2: t. 170 (1850)

species :

Heliotropium ziegleri Akhani; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 155(3): 422 (2007)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.10 (Oct. 12th, 2025)

Covering 357,450 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
**in total 1,419,285* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

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How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (11)

Genus (5)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.10 (Oct. 12th, 2025)

Covering 357,450 accepted species,8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,in total 1,419,285* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 357,450 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
**in total 1,419,285* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]