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269.0000 Family Anacardiaceae R.Br.; Narr. Exped. Zaire [Tuckey] 431 (1818), nom. cons.
81 genera, ca. 900 spp. Phylogeny following Cole (2018) and Cole & Bachelier (2023, Anacardiaceae phylogeny poster)
Species listed in database: 939; hybrids: 5
= Amphipterygiaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024)
= Blepharocaryaceae Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 254 (1965)
= Comocladiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 144 (1820)
= Julianiaceae Hemsl.; J. Bot. 44: 379 (1906), nom. cons.
= Lentiscaceae Horan.; Tetractys 25 (1843)
= Pistaciaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 485 (1820)
= Podoaceae Baill. ex Franch.Pl.Delav.145 (1889)
= Rhoaceae Spreng. ex Sadler; Fl. Comit. Pest. 2: 135 (1826)
= Schinaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 55 (1837)
= Spondiadaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 594 (1820)
= Vernicaceae Schultz Sch.; Nat. Syst. Pflanzenr. 488 (1832)
269.0614 Genus Holigarna Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 22 (1814), et Pl. Coromandel 3: 79, t. 282 (1819)
Distribution: S-India (6), Myanmar (3). Phylogenetic position uncertain.
Species listed in database: 9
= Catutsjeron Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891), orth. var.
= Hadestaphylum Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 30 (1818)
= Katou-tsjeroe Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 84, 534 (1763)
species :
Holigarna albicans Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 38 (1876)
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mon); Thailand
41 MYA THA
species :
Holigarna arnottiana Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 36 (1876)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Holigarna longifolia Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 169 (1834) (non Roxb.)
= Holigarna racemosa Hohen. ex Engl.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 4: 498 (1883)
= Katou-tsjeroe arnottianum (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891)
= Mangifera racemosa Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2: 113 (1797)
species :
Holigarna beddomei Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 36 (1876)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Katou-tsjeroe beddomei (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891)
species :
Holigarna caustica (Dennst.) Oken; Allg. Naturgesch. 3(3): 1776 (1841)
Distribution: India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur, Tripura); Bangladesh; Myanmar (widespread)
40 BAN IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimycarpus racemosus var. longifolius (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Marchand; Rév. Anacardiac. 172 (1869)
= Hadestaphylum causticum Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab. 30 (1818)
= Holigarna caustica (Dennst.) Roxb. ex Greshoff; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 23: 42 (1900)
= Holigarna longifolia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. 22, Pl. Coromandel 3: 79, t. 82 (1824), Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 2: 80 (1832)
species :
Holigarna ferruginea Marchand; Rév. Anacardiac. 171 (1869)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Katou-tsjeroe ferrugineum (Marchand) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891)
species :
Holigarna grahamii (Wight) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 41: 306 (1872)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Holigarna grahamii Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 37 (1876) (non Kurz, 1872)
= Holigarna wightii N.P.Balakr.; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 63: 327 (1967)
= Katou-tsjeroe grahamii (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891)
= Semecarpus grahamii Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. [Wight] 1: t. 235 (1839)
species :
Holigarna helferi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 37 (1876)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kayin, Mon, Taninthayi); peninsular Thailand
41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Katou-tsjeroe helferi (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 152 (1891)
species :
Holigarna kurzii King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 512 (1896)
Distribution: NE-India (Manipur, Tripura); Andaman Isl. (South Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Kachin, Shan, Taninthayi, Yangon, Bago); Thailand; Vietnam
40 IND 41 AND MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Cassuvium albescens (Kurz) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 151 (1891)
= Semecarpus albescens Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 40: 51 (1871)
= Semecarpus heterophyllus Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 35 (1876), nom. illeg.
species :
Holigarna nigra Bourd.; Indian Forester 30: 95 (1904)
Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life