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495.0000 Family Apocynaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 143 (1789), nom. cons.
372 genera, ca. 6500 spp. According to modern authors and PCR Asclepiadaceae is only a subfamily of Apocynaceae.
Species listed in database: 6702; hybrids: 10
= Asclepiadaceae Borkh.; Bot. Wörterb. 1: 31 (1797), nom. cons.
= Carissaceae Bertol; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 23: 212 (1891)
= Cerberaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 119 (1820)
= Cynanchaceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han. 245, 251 (1836)
= Ophioxylaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 24 (1835)
= Pacouriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Periplocaceae Schltr.; Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 351 (1905), nom. cons.
= Plumeriaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Stapeliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 70 (1834)
= Vincaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 299 (1818)
= Willughbeaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 256 (1858)
495.3334 Genus Kibatalia G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 86 (1837)
Distribution: Tropical Africa, W-Malesia
Species listed in database: 15
= Paravallaris Pierre ex Hua; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris n. s. 1: 30 (1898)
= Kickxia Blume; Fl. Javae, Praef. p. vii (1828) (Kixia), et Rumphia 4: 25 (1848)
= Hasseltia Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1045 (1826)
= Kibatalia G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 86 (1837)
species :
Kibatalia arborea (Blume) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 4: 86 (1837)
Distribution: Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Pahang, Selangor); Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Palawan; Java
41 MYA THA 42 BOR JAW MLY PLW SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Hasseltia arborea Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1046 (1826)
= Kixia arborea (Blume) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 846 (1841)
= Tabernaemontana ovalis Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 229 (1861)
species :
Kibatalia blancoi (Rolfe ex Stapf) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 309 (1920 publ. 1921)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Guimaras, Negros, Leyte)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Kibatalia merrittii (Merr.) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 220 (1936)
= Kixia arborea Fern.-Vill.; Fl. Filip. [Blanco], ed. 3, Nov. App. 4(13A): 132 (1880), nom. illeg.
= Kixia blancoi Rolfe ex Stapf; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1905: 52 (1905)
= Kixia merrittii Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 315 (1909)
species :
Kibatalia borneensis (Stapf) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 309 (1920 publ. 1921)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo
42 BOR SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Kixia borneensis Stapf; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 27: t. 2693 (1901)
species :
Kibatalia elmeri Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 223 (1936)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Catanduanes)
42 PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Kibatalia fragrans Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 10: 3694 (1939), no latin descr.
species :
Kibatalia gitingensis (Elmer) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 216 (1936)
Distribution: Philippines (Sibuyan, Luzon, Leyte)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Kixia gitingensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1455 (1912)
= Vallaris angustifolia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 7: 335 (1912)
= Vallaris gitingensis (Elmer) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 70 (1915)
species :
Kibatalia laurifolia (Ridl.) Woodson; Sunyatsenia 3: 102 (1936)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Langkawi Isl.)
41 CBD THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Kibatalia microphylla (Pit.) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 214 (1936)
= Paravallaris laurifolia (Ridl.) Kerr; Fl. Siam 2: 455 (1939)
= Paravallaris microphylla Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 1181 (1933)
= Trachelospermum laurifolium Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 5: 163 (1915)
species :
Kibatalia longifolia Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 307 (1920 publ. 1921)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
species :
Kibatalia macgregori (Elmer) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 224 (1936)
Distribution: Philippines (Sibuyan)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Kixia macgregori Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1457 (1912)
species :
Kibatalia macrophylla (Pierre ex Hua) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 214 (1936)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); NW-India (Uttarakhand, Kumaon); Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
36 CHI 40 IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Kibatalia anceps (Dunn & R.S.Williams) Woodson; Sunyatsenia 3(2-3): 101 (1936)
= Paravallaris macrophylla Pierre ex Hua; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 272 (1904)
= Paravallaris yunnanensis Tsiang & P.T.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 11(4): 373, t. 47 (1973)
= Trachelospermum anceps Dunn & R.S.Williams; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920(10): 343 (1920)
= Vallaris anceps (Dunn & R.S.Williams) C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1931(1): 28 (1931)
= Vallaris arborea C.E.C.Fisch.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 92 (1927)
species :
Kibatalia maingayi (Hook.f.) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 213 (1936)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor, Kedah); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Philippines (Mindanao)
41 THA 42 BOR BRN MLY PHI SNG SUM
Conservation Status: critically endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Holarrhena daronensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 4: 1455 (1912)
= Kibatalia daronensis (Elmer) Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 218 (1936)
= Paravallaris maingayi (Hook.f.) Kerr; Fl. Siam 2: 456 (1939)
= Vallaris daronensis (Elmer) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 70 (1915)
= Vallaris maingayi Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 651 (1882)
species :
Kibatalia merrilliana Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 225 (1936)
Distribution: Philippines (Leyte, Samar)
42 PHI
species :
Kibatalia puberula Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 30: 423 (1926)
Distribution: Philippines (Samar)
42 PHI
species :
Kibatalia stenopetala Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 308 (1920 publ. 1921)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao, Dinagat)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Kibatalia luzonensis Woodson; Philipp. J. Sci. 60: 218 (1936)
species :
Kibatalia villosa Rudjiman; Agric. Univ. Wageningen Pap. 86(5): 82 (1986 publ. 1987)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Johor); Borneo (Kalimantan, Sarawak)
42 BOR MLY
species :
Kibatalia wigmanii (Koord.) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 310 (1920 publ. 1921)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Kixia wigmanii Koord.; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 528 (1898)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 5th, 2025)

Covering 356,783 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,637 synonyms,
in total 1,417,272* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life