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491.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14337; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
491.2908 Genus Knoxia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 104 (1753)
Distribution: India, Himalayas, S-China, Indochina, Malesia, trop. Australia
Species listed in database: 14
= Afroknoxia Verdc.; Kew Bull. 36: 493 (1981)
= Baumannia K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 455 (1897), nom. illeg.
= Cuncea Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 135 (1825)
= Dentillaria Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Neobaumannia Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 132 (1931)
= Vissadali Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 145 (1763)

Search for: Knoxia roxburghii-var.-glauca

Nothing found!
species :
Knoxia congesta Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 286 (1923)
Distribution: Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam
41 CBD LAO VIE
species :
Knoxia hedyotoidea (K.Schum.) Puff & Robbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 110(4): 548 (1989)
Distribution: Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon
22 GHA NGA TOG 23 CMN
Synonyms: hidden
= Baumannia hedyotoidea K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 456 (1897)
= Neobaumannia hedyotoidea (K.Schum.) Hutch. & Dalziel; Fl. W. Trop. Afr. [Hutchinson & Dalziel] 2: 132 (1931)
= Neobaumannia hedyotoidea var. longipila Brenan; Kew Bull. [5]: 228 (1950)
species :
Knoxia hookeri Lakshmin.; Harvard Pap. Bot. 23(2): 333, fig. 1 (2018)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND NEP SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia hookeriana (R.Bhattacharjee & Deb) Subba Rao & Kumari; Fl. Visakhapatnam Distr. (Andhra Pradesh) 1: 404 (2003), nom. inval.
= Knoxia mollis var. hookeriana (R.Bhattacharjee & Deb) V.P.Prasad & Lakshmin.; Fl. Maharashtra, Dicot. 2: 142 (2001), nom. inval.
= Knoxia sumatrensis var. hookeriana R.Bhattacharjee & Deb; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 6: 92 (1985), no Latin descr. or type
species :
Knoxia lineata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 570 (1830)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Dentillaria lineata (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Oldenlandia lineata (DC.) Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 20 (1906), nom. illeg.
= Spermacoce lineata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 947 (1826), nom. illeg.
species :
Knoxia manika (Verdc.) Puff & Robbr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 110(4): 548 (1989)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Afroknoxia manika Verdc.; Kew Bull. 36(3): 495 (1981)
species :
Knoxia miquelii R.Kr.Singh; J. Biodivers. Conservation 8(4): 65 (2024), nom. nov.
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia stricta Miq.; Ann. Musc. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 260 (1869), nom. illeg.
species :
Knoxia plantaginea Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 1: 27, t. 32 (1830)
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mandalay)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Dentillaria plantaginea (Wall.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
species :
Knoxia platycarpa Arn.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 18: 344 (1836)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Dentillaria platycarpa (Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
variant :
var. hirsuta (Arn.) Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 152 (1859)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia hirsuta Arn.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 18: 344 (1836)
= Knoxia platycarpa var. foliosa Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 152 (1859)
species :
Knoxia rosettifolia E.T.Geddes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 172 (1927)
Distribution: N-Thailand
41 THA
species :
Knoxia roxburghii (Spreng.) M.A.Rau; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 10, suppl. 2: 40 (1969)
subspecies :
subsp. roxburghii
Distribution: India (Bihar, Odisha)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia laevis (Roxb.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 570 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Spermacoce laevis Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 374 (1820), nom. superfl.
= Spermacoce roxburghiana Schult.; Mant. 3 [Schultes & Schultes f.] 199 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Spermacoce roxburghii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 404 (1824)
variant :
var. glauca (W.W.Sm.) R.Bhattacharjee & Deb; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 6(1): 85 (1985)
Distribution: India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand
40 BAN IND 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Hedyotis glauca W.W.Sm.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911: 344 (1911)
= Knoxia wallichii Bruce ex Panigrahi; Bull. Bot. Soc. Bengal 21: 29 (1967)
subspecies :
subsp. brunonis (Hook.f.) R.Bhattacharjee & Deb; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 6(1): 85 (1985)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Nepal; India (Mizoram, West Bengal); Myanmar (Bago); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; Java
36 CHI 40 IND NEP 41 CBD MYA THA VIE 42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Dentillaria brachycarpa (R.Br. ex Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Knoxia brachycarpa R.Br. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 130 (1880)
= Knoxia brachycarpa var. congesta Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 289 (1924)
= Knoxia microcarpa Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46(2): 138 (1877)
= Knoxia roxburghii var. brunonis (Wall. ex G.Don) R.Bhattacharjee & Deb; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 6(1): 85 (1985)
= Knoxia valerianoides Thorel ex Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 3: 288 (1923)
= Spermacoce brunonis Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 621 (1834), descr.
species :
Knoxia spicata (Thwaites ex Trimen) Ridsdale; Blumea 41: 457 (1996)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia platycarpa var. spicata Thwaites ex Trimen; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 2: 342 (1894)
species :
Knoxia sumatrensis (Retz.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 570 (1830)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Punjab); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Nicobar Isl. (North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Shan); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Melaka); Sumatra; Sulawesi; Palawan (incl. Culion); Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales)
36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP SRL 41 CBD MYA NCB THA VIE 42 JAW MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Cuncea trifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 135 (1825)
= Dentillaria corymbosa (Willd.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Dentillaria heyneana (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Dentillaria mollis (R.Br. ex Wight & Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
= Ernodea nepalensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post.: 40 (1827)
= Knoxia corymbosa Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 151 (1859)
= Knoxia corymbosa var. parviflora F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 4: 41 (1864)
= Knoxia corymbosa Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 582 (1797) (nom. illeg.)
= Knoxia exserta DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 569 (1830)
= Knoxia heyneana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 570 (1830)
= Knoxia mollis R.Br. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 439 (1834)
= Knoxia mollis var. subcapitata Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 329 (1857)
= Knoxia stricta Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 122 (1788)
= Knoxia stricta Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 152 (1859)
= Knoxia stricta var. parviflora (F.Muell.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 621 (1929)
= Knoxia teres (Roxb.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 569 (1830)
= Knoxia umbellata Banks ex Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 373 (1820), Spreng. Syst. 1: 406 (1825)
= Knoxia umbellata Banks ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 406 (1824)
= Knoxia umbellifera Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 440 (1834)
= Spermacoce corymbosa Roth; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 3: 278 (1818), nom. superfl.
= Spermacoce exserta Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal. 10 (1814), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 374 (1820) non Benth.
= Spermacoce sumatrensis Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 4: 23 (1786)
= Spermacoce teres Roxb.; (Hort. Bengal. 10 (1814), nomen), Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 373 (1820)
= Timonius malaccensis King & Gamble; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 73: 56 (1904)
variant :
var. linearis (Gamble) R.Bhattacharjee & Deb; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 6(1): 93 (1985)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia linearis Gamble; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1920: 68 (1920)
species :
Knoxia wightiana Wall. ex Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. [Wight & Arnott] 1: 440 (1834)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Knoxia wightiana Wall. ex G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 629 (1834)
= Dentillaria wightiana (Wall. ex G.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
species :
Knoxia zeylanica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 104 (1753)
Distribution: Sri Lanka
40 SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Dentillaria zeylanica (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 280 (1891)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life