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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35251; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.2310 Genus Leibnitzia Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 25: 420 (1822)
Distribution: Middle Asia, E-Siberia, Russian Far East, Himalayas, China, Mongolia, Korea, Japan, N- and C-America (2)
Species listed in database: 6
= Anandria Less.; Linnaea 5: 346 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Cleistanthium Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 9: 350 (1851)
species :
Leibnitzia anandria (L.) Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 852 (1937)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand); Myanmar
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 40 IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anandria anandria (L.) Huth; Helios 11: 133 (1893), nom. inval.
= Anandria bellidiastrum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 40 (1838)
= Anandria bellidiastrum var. autumnalis Turcz. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 40 (1838)
= Anandria bellidiastrum var. vernalis Turcz. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 40 (1838)
= Anandria dimorpha Turcz. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 768 (1846), nom. superfl.
= Anandria dimorpha var. autumnalis (Turcz. ex DC.) Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 769 (1846)
= Anandria dimorpha var. vernalis (Turcz. ex DC.) Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 769 (1846)
= Anandria discoidea Less.; Linnaea 5: 347 (1830)
= Anandria laevipes Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 38 (1918)
= Chaptalia anandria (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 504 (1826)
= Chaptalia lyrata (Willd.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 504 (1826)
= Gerbera anandria (L.) Sch.Bip.; Flora 27: 782 (1844)
= Gerbera anandria var. densiloba Mattf.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11(102): 110 (1931)
= Gerbera anandria var. integripetala (Hayata) Yamam.; J. Soc. Trop. Agric. 8: 279 (1936)
= Gerbera bellidiastrum Benth.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 13: 348 (1873)
= Gerbera bonatiana f. cavaleriei H.Lév.; Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan 45 (1915)
= Gerbera cavaleriei Vaniot & H.Lév.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 550 (1906)
= Gerbera integripetala Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 27-28 (1916)
= Gerbera pterodonta Y.C.Tseng; Acta Bot. Austro Sin. 3: 9 (1986)
= Leibnitzia cryptogama Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 25: 421 (1822)
= Perdicium anandria (L.) R.Br.; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 5: 84 (1813)
= Perdicium lyratum (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 2: 280 (1830)
= Perdicium tomentosum Thunb.; Fl. Jap. [Thunberg] 319 (1784), et Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 769 (1784)
= Tussilago anandria L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 865 (1753)
= Tussilago bellidiastrum L.; Hort. Upsal. 259 (1748), nom. inval. (pre-Linnean)
= Tussilago lyrata Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1963 (1803)
species :
Leibnitzia knorringiana (B.Fedtsch.) Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 28: 594 (1963)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan
32 KGZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Gerbera knorringiana B.Fedtsch.; Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 15: 2 (1915)
species :
Leibnitzia lyrata (Sch.Bip.) G.L.Nesom; Phytologia 78(3): 169 (1995)
Name: Seemann´s sunbonnet
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chaptalia alsophila Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 158 (1905)
= Chaptalia confinis Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 158 (1905)
= Chaptalia ehrenbergii (Sch.Bip.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 255 (1881)
= Chaptalia leucocephala Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 193 (1906)
= Chaptalia lyrata (Sch.Bip.) D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 16: 243 (1830)
= Chaptalia mexicana Burkart; Darwiniana 6: 543 (1944)
= Chaptalia monticola Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 193 (1906)
= Chaptalia potosina Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 192 (1906)
= Chaptalia seemannii (Sch.Bip. ex Seem.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 255 (1881)
= Chaptalia sonchifolia Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 191 (1906)
= Gerbera ehrenbergii Sch.Bip.; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 813 (1856)
= Gerbera lyrata Sch.Bip.; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 313 (1856), non (Willd.) Spreng. 1826
= Gerbera seemannii Sch.Bip.; Flora 24(1. Intell.): 27 (1841)
= Gerbera selloi Sch.Bip.; Bot. Voy. Herald [Seemann] 313 (1856)
= Hieracium stipitatum Sessé & Moç. ex Don; (1833), non Jacq.
= Leibnitzia seemannii (Sch.Bip.) G.L.Nesom; Brittonia 35(2): 127 (1983)
= Thyrsanthema ehrenbergii (Sch.Bip.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 369 (1891)
= Thyrsanthema lyrata (Sch.Bip.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 369 (1891)
= Thyrsanthema seemannii (Sch.Bip.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 369 (1891)
species :
Leibnitzia nepalensis (Kunze) Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 297 (1938)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Anandria nepalensis (Kunze) A.Braun ex Kraus & M.Paul; Index Sem. (Halle) 1872: 3 (1872)
= Cleistanthium nepalense Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 9: 350 (1851)
= Gerbera connata Y.C.Tseng; Acta Bot. Austro Sin. 3: 7 (1986)
= Gerbera curvisquama Hand.-Mazz.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13(120): 660 (1937)
= Gerbera kunzeana A.Braun & Asch.; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1871(App.): 3 (1871)
= Gerbera nepalensis (Kunze) O.Hoffm.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 5: 345 (1893)
= Leibnitzia kuntzeana (A.Braun & Asch.) Pobed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 28: 592 (1963)
= Perdicium semiflosculare Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 166 (1825), nom. illeg.
species :
Leibnitzia occimadrensis G.L.Nesom; Brittonia 35(2): 130 (1983)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora)
79 MEX
species :
Leibnitzia ruficoma (Franch.) Kitam.; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 297 (1938)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Gerbera ruficoma Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 2(5): 68 (1888)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 9th, 2025)

Covering 356,641 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,731* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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