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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35209; hybrids: 676
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.5188 Genus Leontodon L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 798 (1753)
Distribution: temp. Eurasia to NW-Africa and Iran. The genus delimitation is still disputed - Thrincia is often excluded.
Species listed in database: 39; hybrids: 4
= Antodon Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 58 (1790)
= Apargia Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 113 (1771)
= Asterothrix Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], ed. 2, 48: 434 (1827)
= Baldingeria F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufsätze Böhm. Naturgesch. 1: 277 (1795)
= Colobium Ruth; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1: (1796) I. 36
= Deloderium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], ed. 2, 48: 430 (1827)
= Hemilepis Kunze; Index Sem. (Leipzig, Lipsiensis) (1838), ex Schltdl. in Bot. Zeit. 10: 875 (1852)
= Microderis A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 127 (1838)
= Plancia Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 49 (1790)
= Streckera Sch.Bip.; Flora 17: 483 (1834)
= Thrincia Roth; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 36 (1796), Catalect. fasc. 1: 97 (1797)
= Virea Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 112 (1763)
species :
Leontodon albanicus (F.K.Mey.) F.Conti; Phytotaxa 360(3): 288 (2018)
Distribution: S-Albania; NW-Greece
13 ALB GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon incanus subsp. albanicus F.K.Mey.; Haussknechtia Beih. 15: 170 (fig. 31) (2011)
species :
Leontodon anomalus Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2: 6: 9 (1850)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon incanus var. anomalus (Ball) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 402 (1904)
species :
Leontodon apulus (Fiori) Brullo; Braun-Blanquetia 2: 32 (1988)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon crispus var. apulus Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 401 (1904)
species :
Leontodon asperrimus (Willd.) Boiss. ex Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 6: 15 (1850)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Prespa National Park); Crimea; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
13 GRC 14 KRY 32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia strigosa M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 249 (1808)
= Asterothrix asperrima (Willd.) Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], ed. 2, 48: 434 (1827)
= Leontodon crispus subsp. asperrimus (Willd.) Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 17: 246 (1974)
= Leontodon masmenaeus Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 5: 117 (1856)
= Leontodon pectinatus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 733 (1875)
= Podospermum asperrimum (Willd.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet] 206 (1826)
= Scorzonera asperrima Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1507 (1803)
= Scorzonera hispida M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 210 (1798)
= Streckera claurae Sch.Bip.; Flora 17: 487 (1834)
species :
Leontodon balansae Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 89 (1856)
Distribution: ?Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Leontodon berinii (Bartl.) Roth; Man. Bot. 3: 1129 (1830)
Distribution: NE-Italy; Slovenia
13 ITA SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia arenaria Moretti ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 103 (1838)
= Apargia berinii (Bartl.) Jan ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 103 (1838)
= Apargia berinii Bartl.; Flora 3: 345 (1820)
= Apargia canescens Sieber ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 103 (1838)
= Leontodon berinii (Bartl.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 253 (1831)
species :
Leontodon biscutellifolius DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 103 (1838)
Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread on mainland, Thasos, Ionian Isl.); C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 ALB BIH BUL GRC KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia aspera Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 114 (1805)
= Apargia caucasica Rchb.; Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2, 2: 1373 (1829)
= Leontodon asper (Waldst. & Kit.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 252 (1831), non Forssk.
= Leontodon asper subsp. biscutellifolius (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
= Leontodon asper var. haussknechtii (Hausskn.) Halácsy
= Leontodon asper var. setulosus Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 372 (1892)
= Leontodon asperum (Waldst. & Kit.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 453 (1813) (non Forssk. (1775))
= Leontodon crispus subsp. asper (Waldst. & Kit.) Rohlena; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vestn. Král. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk., Tr. Mat.-Prír.) 1912: art. 1, p. 67 (1913)
= Leontodon haussnechtii Uechtr. ex Hausskn.; Mitt. Geogr. Ges. (Thüringen) Jena 5: 87 (1887)
species :
Leontodon boryi Boiss. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 103 (1838), nom. nov.
Distribution: SE-Spain (Sa. Nevada and surrounding mountains)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia hispida Bory; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 3: 5 (1820), non Willd. 1803
species :
Leontodon caroliaedoi Talavera & M.Talavera; Acta Bot. Malac. 40: 359 (2015)
Distribution: N-Spain (Sa. Cebollera)
12 SPA
species :
Leontodon caucasicus (M.Bieb.) Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki, ed. 2: ed. 2: 34 (1812)
Distribution: Ukraine; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan
14 KRY UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia caucasica M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 247 (1808)
= Apargia hyoseridiflora Saut. ex Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 359 (1866)
= Leontodon caucasicus var. jailae (Klokov) Geltman; Fl. Evropeiskoi Chasti S.S.S.R. 8: 30 (1989)
= Leontodon jailae Klokov; Fl. URSR 12: 210, 561 (1965)
species :
Leontodon crispus Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 34 (1779)
Distribution: Switzerland; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; N-Greece (rare); Turkey (etc.)
11 SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA MNT NMA SLV 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia crispa (Vill.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1551 (1803)
= Apargia salina G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.; Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3: 146 (1801)
= Apargia saxatilis Ten.; Cat. Hort. Neapol., ed. alt. 59 (1819)
= Apargia tergestina Hoppe ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 103 (1838)
= Asterothrix crispa (Vill.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 100 (1869)
= Leontodon asper var. saxatilis (Ten.) Halácsy
= Leontodon asperum var. setulosus Halácsy
= Leontodon autranii Chabert; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 360 (1896)
= Leontodon crispus subsp. rossianus (Degen & Lengyel) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.):813 (1931)
= Leontodon crispus var. intermedius Huter, Porta & Rigo ex Fiori
= Leontodon crispus var. setulosus (Halácsy) Kupicha; Fl. Turkey 5: 676 (1975)
= Leontodon froedinii var. setulosus (Halácsy) Kupicha; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(3): 432 (1975)
= Leontodon hispidus Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 112 (1771), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon pratensis Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 115 (1779)
= Leontodon rossianus Degen & Lengyel; Magyar Bot. Lapok 9: 91 (1910)
= Leontodon saxatilis (Ten.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 252 (1831), non Lam.
= Leontodon velebiticus Degen; Fl. Veleb. 3: 210 (1938)
= Leontodon visianii Fritsch; Excursionsfl. Oesterreich, ed. 2: 654 (1909)
species :
Leontodon djurdjurae Coss. & Durieu ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 541 (1889)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Leontodon eriopodus Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 57 (1927)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Leontodon farinosus Merino & Pau; Fl. Galicia [Merino] 2: 452 (1906)
Distribution: NW-Spain (Montes de Leon, Cordillera Cantabrica)
12 SPA
species :
Leontodon filii (Hochst.) Paiva & Ormonde; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 46: 447 (1972)
Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.)
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Microderis filii Hochst. ex Seub.; Fl. Azor. [Seubert] 34 (1844)
= Picris filii (Hochst. ex Seub.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 229 (1894)
= Thrincia nudicaulis subsp. azorica Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 54 (1918)
species :
Leontodon graecus Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 39 (1849)
Distribution: Greece (C- & S-Greece, Sporades, Ionian Isl., rare Kiklades, Samothraki); East Aegaean Isl. (Chios)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon crispus subsp. graecus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.):813 (1931)
= Leontodon graecus var. heldreichianus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 731 (1875)
= Leontodon heldreichianus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 731 (1875)
species :
Leontodon hellenicus Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 113: 272 (1966)
Distribution: C-Greece (Evritania)
13 GRC
species :
Leontodon hirtus L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1194 (1759)
Distribution: S-France; Italy; Hispaniola [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I])
12 FRA 13 ITA 81 his 85 cle
Remarks: to be expected in N-Spain
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia villarsii Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1553 (1803)
= Leontodon taraxaconoides Vand.; Fasc. Pl. [Vandelli] 17 (1771)
= Leontodon vagneri Margittai; Bot. Közlem. 32: 88 (1935)
= Leontodon villarsii (Willd.) Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur] 2: 514 (1807)
= Leontodon villarsii subsp. rosanii (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
species :
Leontodon hispidus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 799 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. hispidus
Name: Steifhaariger Löwenzahn (DE), Rough Hawkbit (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], S-Scotland, Shetland Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of mainland, Samothraki); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; ?Morocco; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Turkey (Anatolia); Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Georgia [I], Kansas [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa 91 fal
Remarks: status and delimitation of subspecies highly disputed. Some of them share the same distribution area and are probably ecotypes or separate, but weakly differentiated species.
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia alpina (Jacq.) Host; Syn. Pl. [Host] 423 (1797)
= Apargia communis Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 2: 558 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Apargia communis var. hispida Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 2: 558 (1826)
= Apargia hirta Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 110 (1841)
= Apargia hispida (L.) Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., Theil 2 [Hoffmann] 2: 113 (1796), isonym
= Apargia hispida (L.) Moench; Methodus [Moench] 541 (1794)
= Apargia hispida (L.) Martyn; Gard. Dict., ed. 9, 1(1): Apargia n. 1 (1795), isonym
= Apargia hispida (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1553 (1803), isonym
= Apargia hispida var. alpina (Jacq.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 54 (1836)
= Apargia hispida var. ericetorum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 654 (1830)
= Apargia incrassata Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 220 (1802)
= Apargia mutabilis Moritzi; Pfl. Schweiz [Moritzi] 362 (1832), nom. illeg.
= Apargia proteiformis (Vill.) Ambrosi; Fl. Tirolo Mer. [Ambrosi] 2: 564 (1857)
= Apargia pyrenaica Sternb. & Hoppe ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 58 (1821)
= Apargia sinuata Kit.; Linnaea 32: 404 (1864)
= Apargia sudetica Link ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 664 (1826)
= Apargia vulgaris Ruthe; Fl. Mark Brandenburg, 2. Aufl.: 474 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Apargia vulgaris var. hispida (L.) Ruthe; Fl. Mark Brandenburg, 2. Aufl.: 474 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Hedypnois hispida (L.) Durande; Fl. Bourgogne 1: 101 (1782)
= Hedypnois hispida (L.) Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson], ed. 2, 2: 342 (1778)
= Hedypnois hispida (L.) Sm.; Fl. Brit. 2: 823 (1800)
= Hieracium incanum Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 2: 383 (1777) non L. 1753
= Hieracium proteiforme (Vill.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 14: 83 (1906)
= Leontodon alpinus Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. [Jacquin] 1: 58 (1773)
= Leontodon asperrimus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 358 (1866), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon bugeysiacus Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 18: 314 (1926)
= Leontodon calvatus Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 36: 189 (1898)
= Leontodon chondrillifolius Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 112 (1771)
= Leontodon crispatus Griseb. & Schenk; Linnaea 25: 610 (1852)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. alpinus (Jacq.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. hispidus (L.) Celak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2(2) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2): 213 (1871), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. hispidus (L.) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia [Cattaneo] 1: 303 (1844)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. montanus Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 6: 9 (1850)
= Leontodon hastilis var. crispatus (Godr.) Rhiner; Ber. Thätigk. St. Gallischen Naturwiss. Ges. 1892-1893: 201 (1894)
= Leontodon hastilis var. hispidus (L.) Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1: 90 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon hastilis var. nitidus Welw. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 853 (1832)
= Leontodon hastilis var. opimus W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 420 (1837)
= Leontodon hastilis var. vulgaris W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 419 (1837)
= Leontodon hispidus subvar. alpinus (Jacq.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(2): 1028 (1929)
= Leontodon hispidus f. crispatus (Gren.) Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 109 (1893)
= Leontodon hispidus f. ericetorum (Klett & Richt.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(2): 1028 (1928)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. alpicola (Chenevard) Poldini; Stud. Geobot. 21: 8 (2001)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. alpinus (Jacq.) Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 244 (1976)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. montanus (Ball) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. opimus (W.D.J.Koch) Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 244 (1976)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. pseudincanus (Hayek) Soó; Acta Bot. Hung. 10: 375 (1964)
= Leontodon hispidus var. alpicola (Rouy) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1032 (1940), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon hispidus var. alpicola Chenevard; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 9: 47 (1905)
= Leontodon hispidus var. opimus (W.D.J.Koch) Bisch.; Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. Schweiz [Bischoff] 60 (1851)
= Leontodon hispidus var. pseudincanus Hayek; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 94: 199 (1917 publ. 1918)
= Leontodon hispidus var. vulgaris (W.D.J.Koch) Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 537 (1843)
= Leontodon major Mérat; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 22: 106 (1831)
= Leontodon pavonii Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 87 (1856)
= Leontodon pinetorum Pau; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 23: 105 (1925)
= Leontodon proteiformis var. crispatus Godr.; Fl. Lorraine 2: 61 (1843)
= Leontodon proteiformis var. hispidus (L.) T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern 269 (1869), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon proteiformis var. vulgaris (W.D.J.Koch) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 299 (1850)
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. alpicola Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 32 (1908)
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. alpinus (Jacq.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 184 (1894)
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. hispidus (L.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 417 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon protheiformis var. crispatus Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 299 (1850)
= Leontodon protheiformis var. opimus (W.D.J.Koch) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 10 (1879)
= Leontodon vulgaris Kitt.; Taschenb. Fl. Deutschl., ed. 2: 534 (1844) non Lam. 1779
= Picris acaulis Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Pfl. Erfurt [Bernhardi] 141 (1800)
= Picris hispida (L.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 210 (1785)
= Thrincia hispida (L.) Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 99 (1797)
= Virea hispida (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 429 (1821)
subspecies :
subsp. bourgaeanus (Willk.) Rivas Mart. & Sáenz de Rivas; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 35: 157 (1978)
Distribution: Portugal; C-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon bourgaeanus Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 217 (1865)
= Leontodon crispus subsp. bourgaeanus (Willk.) Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 17: 246 (1976)
= Leontodon hispidus Coss. & Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 217 (1865) non L.
subspecies :
subsp. brumatii (Rchb.) Wraber
Distribution: Italy; Slovenia
13 ITA SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia brumatii (Rchb.) Schied. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 110 (1841)
= Leontodon brumatii Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 253 (1831)
subspecies :
subsp. danubialis (Jacq.) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 353 (1887)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; etc.
11 AUT GER SWI
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia communis var. glabra Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 2: 558 (1826)
= Apargia danubialis (Jacq.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 114 (1771)
= Apargia guestphalica Boenn. ex Rchb.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 102 (1838), nom. inval.
= Apargia hastilis (L.) Host; Syn. Pl. [Host] 423 (1797)
= Apargia hispida subsp. hastilis (L.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 497 (1834)
= Apargia hispida var. guestphalica (Boenn.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 54 (1836)
= Apargia hispida var. hastilis (L.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 54 (1836)
= Apargia livida Moench; Methodus [Moench] 543 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Apargia proteiformis Ambrosi; Fl. Tirolo Mer. [Ambrosi] 2: 564 (1857)
= Apargia vulgaris var. hastilis (L.) 1834
= Hieracium danubiale (Jacq.) Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 2: 385 (1777)
= Leontodon danubialis Jacq.; Enum. Stirp. Vindob. 139, 270 (1762)
= Leontodon hastilis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 2123 (1763)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. danubialis (Jacq.) Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 6(31): 8 (1850)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. glabratus (W.D.J.Koch) Celak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2(2) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2): 213 (1871)
= Leontodon hastilis var. cernuus Peterm.; Flora 27: 477 (1844)
= Leontodon hastilis var. glabratus W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2, 2: 482 (1844), nom. inval.
= Leontodon hastilis var. tenuifolius Wallr.; Scholion zu Hampe´s Prodr. Fl. Hercyn.: 331 (1840)
= Leontodon hispidus subvar. tenerascens (Murr) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(2): 1028 (1928)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. glabratus (F.W.Schultz) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 18: 205 (1983), nom. superfl.
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. hastilis (L.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 370 (1894)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. hastilis (L.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 5: 256 (1885)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. hastilis (L.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 8: 641 (1959), nom. inval.
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. hastilis (L.) Pawlowska; Fl. Polska 13: 165 (1972), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon hispidus var. glabratus (Koch) Bisch.
= Leontodon hispidus var. glabratus (W.D.J.Koch) F.W.Schultz; Fl. Pfalz [F.W.Schultz] 261 (1845)
= Leontodon hispidus var. hastilis (L.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; Cat. Pl. Palat. 13 (1814)
= Leontodon hispidus var. tenerascens Murr; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 201 (1906)
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. hastilis (L.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 417 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. hastilis (L.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 68 (1923), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon protheiformis var. glabratus (F.W.Schultz) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 299 (1850)
= Leontodon protheiformis var. hastilis (L.) T.Marsson; Fl. Neu-Vorpommern 269 (1869), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon schischkinii V.N.Vassil.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 21: 398 (1961)
= Picris danubialis (Jacq.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 211 (1785)
= Virea hastilis (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 365, t. 159, f. 3 (1791)
= Virea hispida var. hastilis (L.) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 69 (1923), nom. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. dubius (Hoppe) Pawlowska; Fl. Polska 13: 166 (1972)
Name: Zweifelhafter Steifhaariger Löwenzahn (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; etc.
11 AUT GER SWI
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia dubia Hoppe; Bot. Taschenb. Anfänger Wiss. Apothekerkunst 1803: 246 (1803)
= Leontodon dubium (Hoppe) Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 755 (1839)
= Leontodon dubius (Hoppe) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 452 (1814)
= Leontodon dubius (Willd.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 252 (1831)
= Leontodon hastilis var. dubius (Hoppe) M.Loehr; Enum. Fl. Deutschland 389 (1852)
= Leontodon hispidus subvar. pseudohyoseroides (Murr) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(2): 1028 (1928)
= Leontodon hispidus var. dubius (Hoppe) Hegi
= Leontodon scaber Miel.; Flora 22: 492 (1839)
species :
Leontodon hochstetteri M.Moura & Silva; Phytotaxa 210(1): 35 (2015), pro hybr.
Distribution: Azores
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Microderis umbellata Hochst. ex Seub.; Fl. Azor. [Seubert] 33 (1844)
species :
Leontodon hyoseroides Welw. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 863 (1831)
Name: Schlitzblättriger Steifhaariger Löwenzahn (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Slovakia; France; Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT GER LIE SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: often included as subspecies in L. hispidus but well separated. Subsp. pseudocrispus is not always recognized
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia dubia Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1549 (1803), nom. illeg., non Hoppe
= Apargia ericetorum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 654 (1830)
= Apargia heterophylla Moench; Methodus [Moench] 543 (1794)
= Apargia hispida Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1553 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Apargia incana H.Mart.; Prodr. Fl. Mosq. 135 (1812)
= Apargia intermedia Schult. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 110 (1841)
= Hedypnois aculeata (Pers.) F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 621 (1817)
= Hedypnois hispida Sm.; Fl. Brit. 2: 823 (1800)
= Hieracium aureum Schltdl.; Linnaea 25: 306 (1853)
= Hieracium incanum Stephan; Enum. Stirp. Agr. Mosq.: no. 523 (1792)
= Hieracium proteiforme E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 14: 83 (1906)
= Hyoseris aculeata Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 369 (1807)
= Leontodon crispus DC. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879), nom. inval.
= Leontodon dubius Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 252 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon glaber Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 34: 120 (1876)
= Leontodon hastilis subsp. hyoseroides (Welw. ex Rchb.) Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 6(31): 9 (1850)
= Leontodon hastilis var. hyoseroides (Welw. ex Rchb.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 420 (1837)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. hyoseroides (Welw. ex Rchb.) Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 337 (1924)
= Leontodon hispidus var. dubius (Rchb.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1032 (1940)
= Leontodon hispidus var. hyoseroides (Welw. ex Rchb.) Bisch.; Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. Schweiz [Bischoff] 59 (1851)
= Leontodon longifolius Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 358 (1866)
= Leontodon permiatus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 359 (1866)
= Leontodon proteiformis Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 34 (1779)
= Leontodon protheiformis Balb. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 369 (1807)
= Leontodon protheiformis var. hyoseroides (Welw. ex Rchb.) Gren.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 299 (1850)
= Leontodon recognitus Monnier; Ess. Monogr. Hieracium 82 (1829)
= Leontodon setosus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 359 (1866)
= Leontodon tenorei Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
variant :
var. pseudocrispus (Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.) J.Duvign.; Nouv. Fl. Belg. 691 (1967)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; SE-France; N-Italy
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon hastilis var. pseudocrispus (Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.) Hausm.; Fl. Tirol [Hausmann] 3: 1448 (1854)
= Leontodon hispidus subsp. pseudocrispus (Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.) Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 337 (1924)
= Leontodon hispidus var. pseudocrispus Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.; Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. Schweiz [Bischoff] 60 (1851)
= Leontodon hyoseroides subsp. pseudocrispus (Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.) Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)
= Leontodon pseudocrispus (Sch.Bip. ex Bisch.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879), nom. inval.
species :
Leontodon incanus (L.) Schrank; Baier. Reise [Schrank] 14 (1786)
Name: Grauer Löwenzahn (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Albania; Romania
11 AUT GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH CRO ITA MNT ROM SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia incana (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 114 (1771)
= Hieracium incanum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 799 (1753)
= Leontodon alpinus Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 34 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon glabrescens (Posp.) Fritsch; Excursionsfl. Oesterreich, ed. 3: 600 (1922), in clavi
= Leontodon incanus var. angustifolius Bisch.; Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. Schweiz [Bischoff] 65 (1851)
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. incanus (L.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 68 (1923), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon protheiformis subsp. incanus (L.) R.C.V.Douin; Fl. Ill. France 6: 68 (1923)
= Leontodon spatulifolius Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 59 (1857)
= Leontodon tenuiflorus var. subglabratus (Ambrosi) Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 150 (1899)
= Virea incana (L.) Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 429 (1821 publ. 1822)
species :
Leontodon intermedius Huter et al.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 57: 116 (1907)
Distribution: Italy; Sicily
13 ITA SIC
species :
Leontodon kotschyi Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 40 (1849)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)
33 AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon hirtus Pall. ex Georgi; Beschr. Nation. Russ. Reich 3(4): 1210 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon asperum var. huetii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 730 (1875)
species :
Leontodon kulczynskii Popov & Chrshan.; Mater. Pozn. Fauna Fl. S.S.S.R., n. s., Bot. 13: Fasc. 5 (Sketch Veg. & Fl. Carpath.) 299 (1949)
Distribution: Romania; W-Ukraine
13 ROM 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon repens Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 148 (1859), nom. illeg.
species :
Leontodon libanoticus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 39 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
species :
Leontodon longirostris (Finch & P.D.Sell) Talavera; Herb. Univ. Hispalensis Fl. Selecta Cent. 1: 37 (1982)
Name: Langschnäbliger Löwenzahn (DE); Lechuguilla dienteleon (ES)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Corvo, Faial, Flores Isl., Graciosa, Pico, Sao Jorge, Sao Miguel, Sta. Maria, Terceira); Madeira (Porto Santo Isl., Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas); Canary Isl. (El Hierro, Fuerteventura, Gomera, La Palma, Lanzarote, Tenerife); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl.)
12 ADO BAL FRA GIB POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR
Remarks: frequently included as ssp. rothii in T. saxatilis but kept separate by Flora Iberica (2017). In Leontodon the valid name would be Leontodon longirostris.
Synonyms: hidden
= Colobium hispidum Roth; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 37 (1796) non Leontodon hispidus L. 1753
= Leontodon rothii Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 543 (1878), nom. inval.
= Leontodon saxatilis subsp. hispidus (Roth) Castrov. & M.Laínz; Mis Contrib. Fl. Asturias 71 (1982)
= Leontodon saxatilis subsp. longirostris (Finch & P.D.Sell) P.Silva; Bol. Soc. Brot. 60: 155 (1987)
= Leontodon saxatilis subsp. rothii (Ball) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 833 (1934)
= Leontodon saxatilis var. longirostris (Finch & P.D.Sell) Tiehm; J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 17(1): 23 (2023)
= Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. hispidus (Roth) Kerguélen; Lejeunia 120: 119 (1987)
= Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. longirostris Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 247 (1976)
= Thrincia hispida (Roth) Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 99. 1797 (1797)
= Thrincia nudicaulis subsp. hispida P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1033 (1940)
= Thrincia psilocalyx Lag. ex Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 8: 20, t. 749, f. 995 (1830)
= Thrincia saxatilis subsp. hispida (Roth) Holub & Moravec; Preslia 24: 81 (1952)
species :
Leontodon lusitanicus (M.Talavera & Talavera) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Portugal (PN Sintra-Cascais)
12 POR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status unconfirmed
Synonyms: hidden
= Thrincia lusitanica M.Talavera & Talavera; Acta Bot. Malac. 40: 349 (2015)
species :
Leontodon maroccanus (Pers.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 544 (1878)
Distribution: S-Spain; Gibraltar; Morocco; Algeria
12 GIB SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colobium maroccanum (Pers.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Hyoseris hispida Schousb.; Iagttag. Vextrig. Marokko 197 (1800)
= Thrincia maroccana Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 368 (1807)
= Thrincia maroccana subsp. ribatejana Talavera & M.Talavera; Acta Bot. Malac. 40: 354 (2015)
= Thrincia mauritanica Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 666 (1826)
species :
Leontodon oxylepis Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 40 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon biscutellifolius Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 41 (1849) non DC. 1838
variant :
var. divaricatus (Boiss.) Kupicha; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(3): 432 (1975)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon divaricatus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 41 (1849)
= Leontodon adhaerens Fenzl ex Ball; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 2, 6: 15 (1850)
species :
Leontodon pitardii Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 105 (1924)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Leontodon rigens (Aiton) Paiva & Ormonde; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 46: 448 (1972)
Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.)
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepis rigens Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 127 (1789)
= Hieracioides rigens (Aiton) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 346 (1891)
= Hypochaeris strigosa Sol. ex Lowe; Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 537 (1868)
= Microderis rigens (Aiton) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 128 (1838)
= Picris rigens (Aiton) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 2: 512 (1873)
species :
Leontodon rosanoi (Ten.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 104 (1838)
Distribution: Italy; +San Marino
13 ITA SMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia rosanoi Ten.; Index Sem. (Naples, Neapolitano) 1825: 11 (1825)
= Leontodon villarsii subsp. rosanoi (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
species :
Leontodon saxatilis Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 115 (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. saxatilis
Name: Zinnensalat, Nickender Löwenzahn (DE), Lesser Hawkbit (EN)
Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl. [I], Isles of Scilly); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. (Alderney, Guernsey, Jersey, Sark); Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (Korfu, Lefkada, Kiklades: Milos); Belarus; Crimea; Morocco; ?Tunisia; Zimbabwe [I]; Japan [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], California [I], Connecticut [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Nevada [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I]); Mexico [I]; Haiti [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Valparaíso [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I])
10 DEN GRB IRE SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA ROM SLV TUE 14 BLR KRY 20 MOR 26 zim 38 jap 50 aus 51 auc ctm nzl 60 nue 71 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 81 his 85 arg cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia alpina var. gouanii Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 58 (1829)
= Apargia gouanii Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4: 7 (1821)
= Apargia hirta (L.) Schkuhr; Bot. Handb. [Schkuhr] 25, t. CCXX (1798), isonym
= Apargia hirta (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 114 (1771)
= Apargia hyoseroides Vest; Flora 3: 7 (1820)
= Apargia laevis Moench; Methodus [Moench] 541 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Apargia nudicaulis (L.) Britton; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown], ed. 2, 3: 310 (1913)
= Aracium pygmaeum (Aiton) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 111 (1856)
= Baldingeria pygmaea F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufsätze Böhm. Naturgesch. 1: 277 (1795)
= Bohadschia hirta (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Samml. Phys. Aufsätze Böhm. Naturgesch. 1: 280 (1795)
= Colobium hirtum (L.) Roth; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1: (1796) I. 32, nom. illeg.
= Colobium taraxacoides (Vill.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(3): 307 (1977)
= Crepis hirta L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 807 (1753)
= Crepis nudicaulis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 805 (1753)
= Hedypnois hirta (L.) Sm.; Fl. Brit. 2: 824 (1800)
= Hedypnois hirta Londes; Verz. Gött. Pfl. 69 (1805), nom. inval.
= Hieracium thrincia E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 14: 84 (1806), nom. illeg.
= Hieracium villarsii Vill. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 58, 409 (1821)
= Hyoseris cichorioides Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 418 (1821)
= Hyoseris hirta (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 375 (1791)
= Hyoseris pygmaea Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 130 (1789)
= Hyoseris taraxacoides Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 33 (1779)
= Leontodon bauhini Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 57 (1899)
= Leontodon bollei Sch.Bip. ex A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 15: 885 (1935), pro syn.
= Leontodon crispus subsp. saxatilis (Lam.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 468 (1879)
= Leontodon gouanii Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 757 (1840)
= Leontodon hastilis var. arenarius Duby; Bot. Gall., pars prima 308 (1828)
= Leontodon hirtus var. humilis Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 249 (1825)
= Leontodon hirtus var. saxatilis (Lam.) Lej.; Fl. Spa 2: 321 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon hyoseroides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 104 (1838), nom. illeg., non Welw. ex Rchb.
= Leontodon leysseri (Wallr.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1312 (1893)
= Leontodon nudicalyx (Lag.) H.P.Fuchs ex Janch.; Cat. Fl. Austr., I. Pteridophyt. & Anthophyt. 88 (1963)
= Leontodon nudicaule (L.) Porter; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 348 (1894)
= Leontodon nudicaulis (L.) Banks ex Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 28 (1831)
= Leontodon nudicaulis subsp. taraxacoides (Vill.) Schinz & Thell.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 389 (1907), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon nudicaulis var. perennis Emb. & Maire
= Leontodon nudicaulis var. pristis Druce; J. Bot. 45: 423 (1907)
= Leontodon psilocalix Mérat; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 22: 106 (1831)
= Leontodon runcinatus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 228 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Leontodon saxatilis subsp. perennis (Emb. & Maire) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 833 (1934)
= Leontodon saxatilis var. arenarius (Duby) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (2006)
= Leontodon saxatilis var. pristis (Druce) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (2006)
= Leontodon taraxacoides (Vill.) Willd. ex Mérat; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 22: 108 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Leontodon taraxacoides f. leiolepis Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 353 (1924)
= Leontodon taraxaconaster Vand.; Fasc. Pl. [Vandelli] 18 (1771)
= Picris hirta (L.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 210 (1785)
= Rhagadiolus taraxacoides (Vill.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 227 (1785)
= Thrincia glabra Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3: 29 (1815)
= Thrincia hirta (L.) Roth; Catal. Bot. 1: 98 (1797)
= Thrincia hirta f. lasiolaena (Bisch.) Werner Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 240 (1922)
= Thrincia hirta f. liolaena (Bisch.) Werner Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 240 (1922)
= Thrincia hirta var. arenaria DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 6: 99 (1838)
= Thrincia hirta var. crassa Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 656 (1830)
= Thrincia hirta var. glabriuscula Peterm.; Flora 27: 476 (1844)
= Thrincia hirta var. gracilis Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 655 (1830)
= Thrincia hirta var. leiolaena Bisch.; Beitr. Fl. Deutschl. Schweiz [Bischoff] 43 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Thrincia hirta var. leysseri J.J.Schmitz & Regel; Fl. Bonn. 279 (1841)
= Thrincia hirta var. leysseri Wirtg.; Fl. Coblenz 110 (1841)
= Thrincia hirta var. psilocalyx (Lag.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 251 (1832)
= Thrincia laevis (Moench) Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 24 (1816)
= Thrincia leontodontoides Wallr.; Scholion zu Hampe´s Prodr. Fl. Hercyn.: 292 (1840)
= Thrincia leyseri Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 441 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Thrincia major Peterm.; Flora 27: 475 (1844)
= Thrincia nudicalyx Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 24 (1816)
= Thrincia nudicaulis (G.Banks) Dostál; Kvetena Ceske Socialist. Republ. 1520 (1950), nom. illeg.
= Thrincia nudicaulis (L.) Britten; J. Bot. 45: 33 (1907)
= Thrincia nudicaulis (L.) Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 28 (1831)
= Thrincia nudicaulis subsp. taraxacoides (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1033 (1940)
= Thrincia psilostachya Lag. ex Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Îles Canaries (Phytogr.) 3(2, 3): 468 (1850)
= Thrincia pygmaea (Aiton) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 369 (1807)
= Thrincia saxatilis (Lam.) Holub & Moravec; Preslia 24: 74 (1952)
= Thrincia saxatilis subsp. taraxacoides (Vill.) Holub & Moravec; Preslia 24: 81 (1952), nom. illeg.
= Thrincia taraxacoides (Vill.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 5: 49 (1829), nom. illeg.
= Thrincia taraxacoides (Vill.) Lacaita; J. Bot. 56: 104 (1918), nom. illeg.
= Thrixia hirta (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 496 (1867)
= Tolpis pygmaea (Aiton) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 691 (1841)
= Virea nudicaulis (L.) House; New York State Mus. Bull. 243-4: 69 (1923)
subspecies :
subsp. crassifolius (Welw. ex Mariz) P.Silva; Bol. Soc. Brot. 60: 155 (1987)
Distribution: N-Portugal; NW-Spain; SW-France
12 FRA POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon hastile var. arenaria Duby; Bot. Gall. 1: 30 (1828)
= Leontodon hirtus var. arenarius (Duby) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 667 (1913)
= Thrincia arenaria (Duby) Martrin-Donos; Fl. Tarn 396 (1864)
= Thrincia glabrata Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 159 (1825-1828)
= Thrincia hirta var. arenaria (Duby) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 99 (1838)
= Thrincia hirta var. crassifolia Welw. ex Mariz; Bol. Soc. Brot. 11(3/4): 149, 152 (1892)
subspecies :
subsp. mesorhynchus (Maire) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 833 (1934)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon nudicaulis subsp. mesorrhynchus Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 45 (1926)
= Thrincia mesorrhyncha (Maire) Pau
= Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. mesorhynchus (Maire) Valdés; Lagascalia 18(2): 308 (1996)
species :
Leontodon siculus (Guss.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur. 54 (1855)
Distribution: SW-Italy; Sicily
13 ITA SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia sicula Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 399 (1844)
= Leontodon siculus (Guss.) Finch & P.D.Sell; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 245 (1976), isonym
species :
Leontodon stenocalathius Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 97: 260 (1950)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Leontodon tenuiflorus (Gaudin) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 853 (1832)
Distribution: Switzerland; France; Italy; Slovenia
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA SLV
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia angustifolia Schleich. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 102 (1838)
= Apargia tenuiflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 6: 362 (1830)
= Leontodon incanus subsp. tenuiflorus (Gaudin) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(2): 1031 (1928)
= Leontodon incanus subsp. tenuiflorus (Rchb.) Schinz & R.Keller; Fl. Schweiz [Schinz], ed. 3, 1: 584 (1909)
species :
Leontodon tingitanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Batt.; Fl. Alger [Battandier & Trabut] 539 (1889)
Distribution: Portugal; S-Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Colobium tingitanum (Boiss. & Reut.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Leontodon tingitanum Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 539 (1889)
= Leontodon tingitanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 544 (1878)
= Thrincia tingitana Boiss. & Reut.; Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci. 1 (Pug. Pl. Nov. Gall.): 68 (1852)
species :
Leontodon tuberosus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 799 (1753)
Name: Knolliger Löwenzahn (DE); Tuber Hawkbit (EN)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (very widespread, incl. all islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
12 BAL COR FRA MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL SIC SLV TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Apargia bulbosa Balb.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Turin, Sci. Phys. 1808: 224 (1808)
= Apargia lyrata Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XLVI (1812)
= Apargia tuberosa (L.) Martyn; Gard. Dict., ed. 9, 1(1): Apargia n. 4 (1795)
= Apargia tuberosa (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 1549 (1803), isonym
= Colobium tripolitanum (Boiss.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 429 (1977)
= Colobium tuberosum (L.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8(2): 171 (1973)
= Hieracium tuberosum (L.) Balb. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 766 (1841), nom. inval.
= Hyoseris grumosa Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 82 (1813)
= Hyoseris tuberosa (L.) Savi; Fl. Pis. 2: 231 (1798)
= Leontodon olivieri Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 192 (1914)
= Leontodon tuberosus subsp. olivieri (DC.) Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 192 (1914)
= Picris tuberosa (L.) All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 210 (1785)
= Spitzelia tuberosa (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 268 (1875)
= Streckera tuberosa (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 197 (1869)
= Thrincia grumosa Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 325 (1804)
= Thrincia hispida subsp. tuberosa (L.) R.C.V.Douin; Fl. Ill. France 6: 61 (1923)
= Thrincia nudicaulis subsp. tuberosa (L.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 1033 (1940)
= Thrincia squamata Caball.; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 508 (1912)
= Thrincia tripolitana Sch.Bip. ex Buser; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. 319 (1888)
= Thrincia tuberosa (L.) DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4: 52 (1805)
species :
Leontodon ×carreiroi (Gand.) M.Moura & L.Silva; Phytotaxa 210(1): 39 (2015), pro hybr.
Distribution: Azores
21 AZO
Remarks: Leontodon rigens x L. saxatilis
Synonyms: hidden
= Leontodon carreiroi (Gand.) Palhinha; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Açores 133 (1966)
= Thrincia ×carreiroi Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 53 (1918)
= Thrincia ×subglabra Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 54 (1918)
species :
Leontodon ×friasi M.Moura & Silva; Phytotaxa 210(1): 38 (2015)
Distribution: Azores
21 AZO
Remarks: Leontodon hochstetteri x L. saxatilis
species :
Leontodon ×grassiorum Zidorn; Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 72: 34 (2017)
Distribution: Austria
11 AUT
species :
Leontodon ×vegetus Finch & P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (2006)
Distribution: England; etc.
10 GRB
Remarks: Leontodon hispidus x L. saxatilis
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life