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251.0000 Family Urticaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 400 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 55 genera, ca. 2050 spp. Phylogeny: Wu et al. (2013)
Species listed in database: 2091; hybrids: 6
= Cecropiaceae C.C.Berg; Taxon 27: 39 (1978)
= Parietariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přír. Rostlin 261 (1820)
251.1001 Genus Leucosyke Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 76 1845 (1846)
Distribution: China, Taiwan, Indochina, Malesia (mostly Philippines), Oceania
Species listed in database: 31
= Missiessya Gaudich. ex Wedd.; Voy. Bonite, Bot. t. 93 (1844)
species :
Leucosyke arcuatovenosa Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 246 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke aspera C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 23 (1911)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Sibuyan, Panay)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke benguetensis Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 247 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke borneensis (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 267 (1859)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya borneensis Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 164 (1857)
species :
Leucosyke brunnescens C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 25 (1911)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
variant :
var. grossoserrata Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 243 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke buderi Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 245 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke capitellata (Poir.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 235 (27) (1869)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Polillo, Mindoro, Masbate, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Basilan, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Vanuatu
42 BOR BRN JAW LSI NWG PHI PLW SUL 43 BIS SOL 60 VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucocnide alba (Zoll. & Moritzi) Miq.; Pl. Jungh. [Miquel] 37 (1851)
= Leucosyke alba (Blume) Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 100 (1854)
= Leucosyke angusta Unruh; Philipp. J. Sci. 84: 167 (1956)
= Leucosyke bimensis Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 100, 103 (1854)
= Leucosyke capitellata var. celtidifolia (Gaudich.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 161 (1869)
= Leucosyke celtidifolia (Gaudich. ex Wedd.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 266 (1859)
= Leucosyke elongata (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 266 (1859)
= Leucosyke falcata (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 266 (1859)
= Leucosyke kjellbergii Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 248 (1943)
= Leucosyke leytensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 10: 269 (1915)
= Leucosyke montana H.J.P.Winkl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 605 (1922)
= Leucosyke mutabilis (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 266 (1859)
= Leucosyke palawanensis Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 229 (1943)
= Leucosyke samarensis Unruh; Philipp. J. Sci. 84: 172 (1956)
= Leucosyke villosa (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 266 (1859)
= Missiessya alba (Zoll. & Moritzi) Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Missiessya aspera Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Missiessya bimensis (Zoll. & Moritzi) Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Missiessya capitellata (Poir.) Bakh.f.; Blumea 6: 365 (1950)
= Missiessya celtidifolia Gaudich.; Voy. Bonite, Bot. t. 93 (1844)
= Missiessya celtidifolia Gaudich. ex Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Missiessya elongata Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 163 (1857)
= Missiessya fagifolia Gaudich.; Voy. Bonite, Bot. I. 93 (1844)
= Missiessya fagifolia Gaudich. ex Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Missiessya falcata Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 164 (1856)
= Missiessya mutabilis Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 163 (1857)
= Missiessya villosa Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 163 (1857)
= Urtica alba Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 499 (1826), nom. illeg.
= Urtica capitellata Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 227 (1816)
= Urtica melastomoides Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 842 (1826)
= Urtica sphaerocephala Roxb.; Hort. Bengal. (103) (1814), nomen
species :
Leucosyke caudata Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 248 (1943)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Leucosyke celebica (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 267 (1859)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya celebica Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1857)
species :
Leucosyke clemensii Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 230 (1943)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Leucosyke corymbulosa (Wedd.) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 235(30) (1869)
Distribution: Vanuatu; Fiji; Wallis & Futuna (Alofi Isl., Futuna Isl.); American Samoa (Tutuila); [Western] Samoa (´Upolu, Savai´i); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga)
60 ASA FIJ SAM VAN WAL 61 COO
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya corymbulosa Wedd.; Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8: 476 (1855 publ. 1856)
species :
Leucosyke elmeri Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 246 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke forbesii Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 220 (1943)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Leucosyke hispidissima (Wedd.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 265 (1859)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon, Sibuyan, Panay)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucosyke magallanensis Elmer; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 2: 677 (1910)
= Missiessya hispidissima Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
species :
Leucosyke javanica Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 76 (1854)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java; Sulawesi
42 JAW SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Boehmeria candidissima (Blume) Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. [Hasskarl] 79 (1844)
= Leucocnide candidissima (Blume) Miq.; Pl. Jungh. [Miquel] 1: 37 (1851)
= Leucosyke candidissima (Blume) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 235 (26) (1869)
= Missiessya candidissima (Blume) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1857)
= Missiessya javanica (Zoll. & Moritzi) Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 195 (1854)
= Touchardia candidissima (Blume) Blume; Mus. Bot. 2: 165 (1856)
= Urtica candidissima Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 498 (1826)
species :
Leucosyke media Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 216 (1943)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Leucosyke mindorensis C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 22 (1911)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindoro)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke negrosensis C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 27 (1911)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Negros, Panay, Mindanao)
42 PHI PLW
species :
Leucosyke nivea C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 21 (1911)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao, Leyte)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke ochroneura (Blume) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 235(29) (1869)
Distribution: Moluccas
42 MOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya ochroneura Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1857)
= Urtica ochroneura Zipp. ex Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1857), nomen
species :
Leucosyke ovalifolia C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6: 26 (1911)
Distribution: Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Culion, Panay)
42 PHI PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucosyke merrillii Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 225 (1943)
species :
Leucosyke pulchra (Ridl.) H.J.P.Winkl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 606 (1922)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Debregeasia pulchra Ridl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 9: 156 (1916)
species :
Leucosyke puya (Hook.) den Baaker & Mabb.; Mabberley´s Pl.-Book 1021 (2008)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); SW-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odishä, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay, Shan); Laos; Vietnam; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA VIE 42 JAW LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Boehmeria esquirolii H.Lév. & Blin in H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10(257-259): 372 (1912)
= Boehmeria frutescens D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 59 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Boehmeria nivea var. crassifolia C.H.Wright; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26(178): 486 (1899)
= Boehmeria puya Hook.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 316 (1851), nom. cons.
= Maoutia puya (Buch.-Ham. & Wall. ex Hook.) Wedd.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 1: 194 (1854)
= Urtica puya Buch.-Ham. & Wall. ex Hook.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 316 (1851)
species :
Leucosyke quadrinervia C.B.Rob.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 6(1): 28-29 (1911)
Distribution: Taiwan (Lan Yu Isl., Lu Dao Isl.); Philippines (Batanes, Babuyan, Camiguin)
38 TAI 42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke rizalensis Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 247 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Leucosyke rubiginosa Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 267 (1859)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya rubiginosa Blume; Mus. Bot. 2: 164 (1856)
species :
Leucosyke salomonensis Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 217 (1943)
Distribution: Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.
43 BIS SOL
species :
Leucosyke sumatrana (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(2): 267 (1859)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Missiessya sumatrana Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1856)
= Urtica alba Korth. ex Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 165 (1857)
species :
Leucosyke superfluens Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 232 (1943)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
species :
Leucosyke weddellii Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 226 (1943)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
variant :
var. acuminata Unruh; Philipp. J. Sci. 84: 173 (1955)
Distribution: Palawan
42 PLW
species :
Leucosyke winkleri-huberti Unruh; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 73: 224 (1943)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life