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515.0000 Family Bignoniaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 137 (1789), nom. cons.
80 genera, ca. 900 spp.
Species listed in database: 907; hybrids: 4
= Crescentiaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 20, 24 (1829)
515.1211 Genus Mansoa DC.; Biblioth. Universelle Genève 17: 128 (1838)
Distribution: Tropical America from Mexico to Argentina
Species listed in database: 17
= Bayonia Dugand; Caldasia 4: 62 (1946)
= Chodanthus Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 141 (1906)
= Danielia Mello ex Verl.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 39: 154 (1868), nom. illeg.
= Hanburyophyton Bureau ex Warm.; Symb. Fl. Bras. Centr. 40: 1226 (1893)
= Onohualcoa Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 7: 52 (1942)
= Pseudocalymma A.Samp. & Kuhlm.; O. Campo, Rio de Janeiro 4: (11) 15 (1933)
species :
Mansoa alliacea (Desv. ex Beauverd) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66(4): 782 (1979 publ. 1980)
Name: Garlic Vine, Liane d´Ail (Trinidad & Tobago); Bejuco de ajo, Mata de ajo
Distribution: India [I] (Bihar [I], Haryana [I], Maharashtra [I], Rajasthan [I], Uttarakhand [I], Uttar Pradesh [I], West Bengal [I]); Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Borneo [I]; Palau [I]; Bahamas [I]; Jamaica [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia (Magdalena, Tolima); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)
40 ban ind 41 mya tha 42 bor 62 plu 81 bah his jam mar pue stv trt 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenocalymma alliaceum (Lam.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 3, 7: 394 (1861)
= Adenocalymma obovatum Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 307 (1916)
= Adenocalymma pachypus (K.Schum.) Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 110 (1896)
= Adenocalymma sagotii Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 110 (1896)
= Anemopaegma pachypus K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 215 (1894)
= Bignonia alliacea Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 421 (1785)
= Bignonia citrifolia Vitman; Summa Pl. 3: 511 (1789)
= Pachyptera alliacea (Lam.) A.H.Gentry; Brittonia 25(3): 236 (1973)
= Pseudocalymma alliaceum (Lam.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 210 (1937)
= Pseudocalymma alliaceum var. macrocalyx Sandwith; Kew Bull. [8]: 468 (1953 publ. 1954)
= Pseudocalymma pachypus (K.Schum.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 211 (1937)
= Pseudocalymma sagotii (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 210 (1937), orth. var.
= Pseudocalymma sagotii var. macrocalyx (Sandwith) L.O.Williams; Phytologia 25: 458 (1973)
species :
Mansoa angustidens (DC.) Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 200 (1896)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenocalymma asperulum Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 113 (1896)
= Cuspidaria angustidens DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 179 (1845)
species :
Mansoa difficilis (Cham.) Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 201 (1896)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Paraíba, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenocalymma glomeratum Sprague; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 81 (1905)
= Adenocalymma splendens Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 115 (1896)
= Arrabidaea grandiflora Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6(1): 26 (1898)
= Bignonia difficilis Cham.; Linnaea 7: 714 (1832)
= Chodanthus praepensus (Miers) Sandwith; Kew Bull. [8]: 465 (1954)
= Chodanthus splendens (Bureau & K.Schum.) Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 142 (1906)
= Chodanthus splendens var. glomeratus Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 14 (1907)
= Chodanthus splendens var. grandiflora (Hassl.) Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 142 (1906)
= Clytostoma punctatum Bureau ex Glaziou; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 526 (1911), opus utique oppr.
= Cydista difficilis (Cham.) Miers; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 3: 192 (1863)
= Cydista praepensa Miers; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 3: 190 (1863)
= Mansoa acuminatissima Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 200 (1896)
= Mansoa laevis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 182 (1845)
species :
Mansoa gentryi M.M.Silva; Phytotaxa 258(1): 50 (2016)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Mansoa glaziovii Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 203 (1896)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa hirsuta DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 182 (1845)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa hymenaea (A.DC.) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66(4): 782 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: Thailand [I]; Vietnam [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Puerto Rico [I]; Colombia (Magdalena, Meta, Valle); Venezuela (Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Yaracuy); Ecuador; Peru; NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
41 tha vie 42 jaw phi 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 pue 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenocalymma alboviolaceum Loes.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 65: 100 (1923)
= Adenocalymma ciliolatum S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 90 (1917)
= Adenocalymma hosmeca Pittier; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 256 (1917)
= Adenocalymma laevigatum Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 113 (1896)
= Adenocalymma laevigatum Mart. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 200 (1845), pro syn.
= Adenocalymma macrocarpum Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 40: 9 (1905)
= Adenocalymma pohlianum Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 114 (1896)
= Bignonia hymenaea DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 158 (1845)
= Bignonia laevigata Klotzsch ex Bureau & K.Schum.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(2): 113 (1896), pro syn.
= Cuspidaria hymenaea (DC.) M.R.Almeida; Fl. Maharashtra 3B: 447 (2001)
= Pachyptera hymenaea (DC.) A.H.Gentry; Brittonia 25(3): 236 (1973)
= Petastoma langlasseanum Kraenzl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 56 (1921)
= Petastoma tonduzianum Kraenzl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 56 (1921)
= Pseudocalymma alliaceum var. microcalyx Sandwith; Kew Bull. [8]: 467 (1953 publ. 1954)
= Pseudocalymma hymenaeum (DC.) Sandwith; Candollea 7: 247 (1937)
= Pseudocalymma laevigatum (Bureau & K.Schum.) A.Samp. & Kuhlm.; O. Campo, Rio de Janeiro 4: (11) 15 (1933)
= Pseudocalymma langlasseanum (Kraenzl.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 210 (1937)
= Pseudocalymma macrocarpum (Donn.Sm.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 210 (1937)
= Pseudocalymma pohlianum (Bureau & K.Schum.) Sandwith; Recueil Trav. Bot. Néerl. 34: 211 (1937)
species :
Mansoa ivanii M.M.Silva; Phytotaxa 258(1): 53 (2016)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa lanceolata (DC.) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66(4): 780 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Anemopaegma lanceolatum (DC.) Bureau ex K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 215 (1894)
= Bignonia xanthinum Mart. ex Bureau; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 5, 4: 3 (1894), pro syn.
= Pleonotoma lanceolata (DC.) Miers; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 3: 184 (1863)
= Tabebuia lanceolata DC.; Biblioth. Universelle Genève 17: 131 (1838)
species :
Mansoa longicalyx M.M.Silva; Phytotaxa 258(1): 55 (2016)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa minensis M.M.Silva; Phytotaxa 258(1): 57 (2016)
Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa montecillensis (A.Molina) C.Nelson; Fontqueria 48: 28 (1997 publ. 1998)
Distribution: Honduras
80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Chodanthus montecillense A.Molina; Ceiba 18(1-2): 105 (1974)
species :
Mansoa onohualcoides A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(1): 63 (1976)
Distribution: Surinam; NE-Brazil (Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo)
82 SUR 84 BRA
species :
Mansoa paganuccii M.M.Silva; Phytotaxa 258(1): 59 (2016)
Distribution: Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
species :
Mansoa parvifolia (A.H.Gentry) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66(4): 783 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Santander); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre)
80 COS HON NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pachyptera parvifolia A.H.Gentry; Phytologia 26(6): 447 (1973)
species :
Mansoa standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66: 783 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Amazonas, Magdalena, Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Miranda, Portuguesa, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz); N-Brazil (Pará)
80 COS GUA NIC PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Pachyptera standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H.Gentry; Brittonia 25(3): 236 (1973)
= Pseudocalymma standleyi Steyerm.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 235 (1947)
species :
Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 63(1): 62 (1976)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Trinidad; Colombia (Atlántico, Bolívar, Caquetá, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Santander, Sucre, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Monagas); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 TRT 82 CLM GUY SWC VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Adenocalymma fissum Loes.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 65: 102 (1923)
= Adenocalymma helicocalyx Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 478 (1891)
= Adenocalymma micradenium Standl.; Trop. Woods, No. 45: 16 (1936)
= Adenocalymma moritzii Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 308 (1916)
= Adenocalymma perezii Standl. & L.O.Williams; Ceiba 3: 61 (1952)
= Adenocalymma seleri Loes.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 65: 101 (1923)
= Adenocalymma verruciferum (Schltdl.) Miers; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 3, 7: 393 (1861)
= Bayonia fissa (Loes.) Dugand; Caldasia 4: 65 (1946)
= Bayonia helicocalyx (Kuntze) Dugand; Caldasia 4: 63 (1946)
= Bignonia verrucifera Schltdl.; Linnaea 26: 655 (1854)
= Onohualcoa fissa (Loes.) Sandwith; Kew Bull. [1]: 88 (1947)
= Onohualcoa helicocalyx (Kuntze) Sandwith; Kew Bull. [1]: 88 (1947)
= Onohualcoa seleri (Loes.) Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 7. 52 (1942)
= Onohualcoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H.Gentry; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60(3): 885 (1973 publ. 1974)
= Setilobus vicentinus Kraenzl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 122 (1921)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.05 (May 23rd, 2025)

Covering 356,547 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,107 synonyms,
in total 1,416,616* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life