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256.0000 Family Cucurbitaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 393 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 100 genera, ca. 1050 spp. Phylogeny: Schaefer & Renner (2011)
Species listed in database: 1085; hybrids: 3
= Bryoniaceae G.Mey.; Chloris Han. 6, 112 (1836)
= Cyclantheraceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 716, 980 (1870)
= Nhandirobaceae T.Lestib.; Botanogr. Élém. 515 (1826)
= Zanoniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 28, 29 (1829)
256.1111 Genus Marah Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 38 (1855)
Distribution: W-North America from British Columbia to Baja California
Species listed in database: 8
= Megarrhiza Torr. & A.Gray; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 12(2), Bot. [Stevens] 61 (1860)
species :
Marah fabacea (Naudin) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
Name: California manroot
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis fabacea Naudin; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 12: 154 (1859)
= Echinocystis fabacea var. agrestis Congdon; Zoë 5: 133 (1901)
= Echinocystis fabacea var. inermis (Congdon) Jeps.; Fl. Calif. [Jepson] 2: 554 (1936)
= Echinocystis inermis Congdon; Zoë 5: 134 (1901)
= Echinocystis scabrida Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 500 (1903)
= Marah fabacea var. agrestis (Greene) Stocking; Madroño 13: 130 (1955)
= Marah inermis (Congdon) Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 153 (1913)
= Megarrhiza californica Torr.; Pacif. Railr. 12(2), Bot. [Stevens]: 61 (1860)
= Micrampelis fabacea (Naudin) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
= Micrampelis fabacea var. agrestis Greene; Fl. Francisc. 2: 236 (1891)
species :
Marah gilensis (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
Name: Gila manroot
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis gilensis (Greene) Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: IV. 189 (1885)
= Micrampelis gilensis (Greene) Britton; Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 8: 67 (1889)
= Megarrhiza gilensis Greene; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 8: 97 (1881)
species :
Marah guadalupensis (S.Watson) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
Distribution: USA (California: Channel Isl.); Mexico (Baja California Norte); Isla Guadalupe
76 USA 79 GLP MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis guadalupensis (S.Watson) Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 819 (1881)
= Marah macrocarpa var. major (Dunn) Stocking; Madroño 13: 134 (1955)
= Marah major Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 151 (1913)
= Megarrhiza guadalupensis S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 115, 138 (1876)
= Micrampelis guadalupensis (S.Watson) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
species :
Marah horrida (Congdon) Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 151 (1913)
Name: Sierra manroot
Distribution: USA (California: Los Angeles Co. to El Dorado Co.)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis horrida Congdon; Erythea 7: 184 (1900)
species :
Marah macrocarpa (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
Name: Cucamonga manroot
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis macrocarpa f. leptocarpa (Greene) Parish; Muhlenbergia 3: 125 (1907)
= Echinocystis macrocarpa Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: IV. 188 (1885)
= Marah leptocarpa (Greene) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
= Megarrhiza californica S.Watson; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 1: 241 (1876), partim.
= Megarrhiza macrocarpa (Greene) Rattan; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 14: 158 (1887)
= Megarrhiza macrocarpa (Greene) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 43 (1935)
= Micrampelis leptocarpa Greene; Pittonia 2: 282 (1892)
= Micrampelis macrocarpa (Greene) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
species :
Marah micrantha Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 150 (1913)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California: Cedros Isl.)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Marah macrocarpa var. micrantha (Dunn) Stocking; Madroño 13: 134 (1955)
species :
Marah oregana (Torr. & A.Gray) Howell; Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 1: 239 (1898)
Name: Coastal manroot
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis oregana (Torr. & A.Gray) Cogn.; Diagn. Cucurb. Nouv. 2: 87 (1877)
= Marah oregana (Torr. & A.Gray) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
= Megarrhiza oregona (Torr. & A.Gray) Torr.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 12(2): 61 (1861)
= Micrampelis oregona (Torr. & A.Gray) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
= Sicyos oregana Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 542 (1840)
species :
Marah watsonii (Cogn.) Greene; Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 36 (1910)
Name: Taw manroot
Distribution: USA (NC-California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Echinocystis marah Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 817 (1881)
= Echinocystis muricata Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 1: 57 (1855)
= Echinocystis watsonii Cogn.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 3: 819 (1881)
= Marah muricata Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. 2, 1: 37 (1873)
= Megarrhiza marah S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 138 (1876)
= Megarrhiza muricata (Kellogg) S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 139 (1876)
= Micrampelis marah (S.Watson) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
= Micrampelis muricata Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890)
= Micrampelis watsonii (Cogn.) Greene; Pittonia 2: 129 (1890), et Man. Bot. San Francisco Bay 144 (1894)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life