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323.0000 Family Chrysobalanaceae R.Br.; Narr. Exped. Zaire [Tuckey] 433 (1818), nom. cons.
20 genera, ca. 540 spp., mainly tropical America. Phylogeny see Sothers et al. 2016.
Species listed in database: 548
= Chrysobalaneae DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 525 (1825)
= Chrysobalaninae Focke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 3: 12 (1888)
= Chrysobalanineae J.Presl; Nowoceská Bibl. [Wseobecný Rostl.] 7: 467, 469 (1846)
= Chrysobalanoideae Arn.; Botany [Arnott] 107 (1832)
= Couepieae Prance & F.White; Philos. Trans., Ser. B, 320: 78 (1988)
= Grangeriinae Bonne; Res. Pédic. Fl. Rosacées 356 (1928)
= Hirtellaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 152 (1847)
= Hirtelleae Bonne; Res. Pédic. Fl. Rosacées 356 (1928)
= Hirtellinae Focke; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 3: 12 (1888)
= Licaniaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 336 (1820)
= Parinarieae Prance & F.White; Philos. Trans., Ser. B, 320: 78 (1988)
323.0004 Genus Maranthes Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 89 (1825)
Distribution: Tropical Africa (10); 1 S-Thailand, Malesia to Caroline and Solomon Is., Australia (Northern Territory and Queensland); C-America (1) from Nicaragua to Panama
Species listed in database: 12
= Exitelia Blume; Fl. Javae, Praef. vii (1828), nom. superfl.
= Grymania C.Presl; Epimel. Bot. 193 (1851)
species :
Maranthes aubrevillei (Pellegr.) Prance ex F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46: 295 (1976)
Distribution: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; ?Togo; ?Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 CMN GAB
Synonyms: hidden
= Parinari aubrevillei Pellegr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 78: 440 (1931)
species :
Maranthes chrysophylla (Oliv.) Prance ex F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 295 (1976)
subspecies :
subsp. chrysophylla
Distribution: Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon
22 GHA IVO LBR NGA 23 CMN GAB
Synonyms: hidden
= Ferolia chrysophylla (Oliv.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Parinari chrysophylla Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 2: 369 (1871)
subspecies :
subsp. coriacea F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 296 (1976)
Distribution: Cameroon; Gabon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 CMN GAB ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parinari iodocalyx Mildbr.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 57 (1921)
species :
Maranthes corymbosa Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 89 (1825)
Distribution: Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Taninthayi); S-Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Kelantan, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor); Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain, Admiralty Isl.); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland); Santa Cruz Isl.; Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Ngarakabesang)
41 AND MYA THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 SCZ 62 PLU
Conservation Status: endangered (Singapore)
Synonyms: hidden
= Exitelia corymbosa (Blume) Blume; Fl. Javae, Praef. vii (1828)
= Exitelia multiflora (Korth.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 5: 115 (1845)
= Ferolia corymbosa (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Ferolia griffithiana (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Ferolia minutiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891), nomen
= Ferolia salicifolia (C.Presl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Grymania salicifolia C.Presl; Epimel. Bot. 193 (1851)
= Maranthes multiflora Korth.; Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Bezitt., Bot. 259 (1844)
= Maranthes speciosa Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 357 (1855)
= Parinari corymbosa (Blume) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 356 (1855)
= Parinari griffithiana Benth.; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 334 (1849)
= Parinari maranthes Blume; Mélanges Bot. (1855). Cf. Flora 41: (1858) 256
= Parinari multiflora (Korth.) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 356 (1855)
= Parinari palauensis Kaneh.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 282 (1931)
= Parinari petiolata Malm; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 630 (1932)
= Parinari racemosum Vidal; Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila 29 (1880)
= Parinari salicifolia (C.Presl) Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 357 (1855)
= Petrocarya griffithiana (Benth.) Miers; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 336 (1879)
= Petrocarya maranthes (Blume) Miers; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 17: 336 (1879), nom. superfl.
species :
Maranthes floribunda (Baker) F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 297 (1976)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Maranthes polyandra subsp. floribunda (Baker) Prance; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 40: 184 (1966)
= Parinari bequaertii De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 108 (1914)
= Parinari bequaertii var. longistaminea Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 21: 188 (1951)
= Parinari floribunda Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1897: 265 (1897)
= Parinari polyandra subsp. floribunda (Baker) R.A.Graham; Kew Bull. [12]: 230 (1957)
species :
Maranthes gabunensis (Engl.) Prance; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 40: 184 (1966)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Cabinda; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
22 NGA 23 CAB CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parinari gabunensis Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 87 (1893)
= Parinari gabunensis var. mayumbensis De Wild.; Miss. Ém. Laurent 89 (1905)
= Parinari klaineana Pierre ex A.Chev.; Vég. Utiles Afrique Trop. Franç. 9: 202 (1917), nom. inval.
species :
Maranthes glabra (Oliv.) Prance; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 40: 184 (1966)
Distribution: Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Cameroon; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR NGA SIE 23 CAB CAF CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 26 ANG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ferolia glabra (Oliv.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Maranthes glabra var. gilletii (De Wild.) Mendes; Contr. Conhec. Fl. Angola 4: 16 (1970)
= Parinari gilletii De Wild.; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 5, 1: 245 (1906)
= Parinari glabra Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 2: 370 (1871)
= Parinari glabra var. gilletii (De Wild.) Hauman; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 21: 186 (1951)
= Parinari montana Engl.; Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped. (1907-1908), Bot. 2: 228 (1911), nom. illeg.
= Parinari tibatensis Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 141 (1911)
species :
Maranthes goetzeniana (Engl.) Prance; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 303 (1976)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Parinari goetzeniana Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 153 (1904)
species :
Maranthes kerstingii (Engl.) Prance ex F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 303 (1976)
Distribution: Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]
22 GHA NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN CON ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Parinari kerstingii Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 140 (1911)
species :
Maranthes panamensis (Standl.) Prance & F.White; Brittonia 37(1): 76 (1985)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama
80 COS NIC PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Couepia panamensis Standl.; Trop. Woods 42: 22 (1935)
species :
Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 40: 184 (1966)
Distribution: Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; South Sudan; Mozambique
22 BEN BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN 24 SSU 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Ferolia polyandra (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Parinari polyandra (Benth.) Dandy; Fl. Pl. Sudan 2: 105 (1952)
= Parinari polyandra var. argentea Aubrév.; Fl. Forest. Soudano-Guin. 207 (1950)
= Parinari polyandra var. cinerea Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 87 (1893)
= Parinari polyandra var. pleiocarpa Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 46: 140 (1911)
= Parinari polyandra var. villosa Aubrév.; Fl. Forest. Soudano-Guin. 207 (1950)
species :
Maranthes robusta (Oliv.) Prance ex F.White; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 46(3-4): 306 (1976)
Distribution: Ivory Coast; Ghana; ?Togo; Benin; Nigeria
22 BEN GHA IVO NGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ferolia robusta (Oliv.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 216 (1891)
= Parinari robusta Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 2: 370 (1871)
= Parinari robusta var. klainei Aubrév. & Pellegr.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 59 (1950)
species :
Maranthes sanagensis F.White; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 16(2): 232 (1976)
Distribution: Cameroon
23 CMN
Conservation Status: IUCN EN (Cameroon)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 5th, 2025)

Covering 356,783 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,637 synonyms,
in total 1,417,272* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

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