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511.0000 Family Acanthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 102 (1789) (´Acanthi´), nom. cons.
ca. 192 genera, ca. 5500 spp. Phylogeny: Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022
Species listed in database: 5501
= Avicenniaceae Miq.; Pl. Preiss. [J.G.C.Lehmann] 1: 353 (1845), nom. cons.
= Justiciaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 60 (1838)
= Mendonciaceae Bremek.; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 56: 540 (1954)
= Meyeniaceae Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Nelsoniaceae (Nees) Sreem.; Phytologia 37: 412 (1977)
= Thunbergiaceae Lilja; Skånes Fl., ed. 2: 979 (1870)
511.5068 Genus Megalochlamys Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 345 (1899)
Distribution: Tropical Africa, S-Arabian Peninsula (2)
Species listed in database: 10
species :
Megalochlamys hamata (Klotzsch) Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 622 (1989)
Distribution: Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)
26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Blechum hamatum Klotzsch; Naturw. Reise Mossambique [Peters] 220 (1861)
= Ecbolium hamatum (Klotzsch) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 239 (1900)
= Ecbolium lugardiae N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 130 (1909)
= Megalochlamys strobilifera C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 241 (1900)
= Petalidium hamatum Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 299 (1895)
species :
Megalochlamys kenyensis Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 625 (1989)
subspecies :
subsp. kenyensis
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya
25 KEN UGA
subspecies :
subsp. australis Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 626 (1989)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo)
27 SAF
species :
Megalochlamys linifolia (Lindau) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 346 (1899)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Kenya; Yemen (SE-Yemen: coastal Hadhramaut)
24 ETH SOM 25 KEN 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicliptera linifolia Lindau; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 6: 80 (1896)
species :
Megalochlamys marlothii (Engl.) Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 345 (1899)
Distribution: Angola; Namibia; Botswana
26 ANG 27 BOT NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicliptera marlothii Engl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 265 (1889)
= Dicliptera schumanniana Schinz; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 31: 204 (1890)
species :
Megalochlamys ogadenensis Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 612 (1989)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia
24 ETH SOM
species :
Megalochlamys revoluta (Lindau) Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 616 (1989)
subspecies :
subsp. revoluta
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ecbolium revolutum (Lindau) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 239 (1900)
= Schwabea revoluta Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 59 (1894)
= Schwabea ecbolioides Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 58 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. cognata (N.E.Br.) Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 619 (1989)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo)
26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Ecbolium cognatum N.E.Br.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 130 (1909)
= Ecbolium schlechteri Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 72 (1905)
subspecies :
subsp. nyanzae Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 621 (1989)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Neuracanthus subuncinatus G.Taylor; J. Bot. 68: 84 (1930)
species :
Megalochlamys tanaensis Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 637 (1989)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
species :
Megalochlamys tanzaniensis Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 611 (1989)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Megalochlamys trinervia (C.B.Clarke) Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 635 (1989)
Distribution: Somalia; Kenya
24 SOM 25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ecbolium trinervium C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 239 (1900)
= Schwabea ecbolioides var. tomentosa Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 20: 59 (1894)
species :
Megalochlamys violacea (Vahl) Vollesen; Kew Bull. 44(4): 608 (1989)
Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Central African Republic; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Kenya; Malawi; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Aden Desert, W-Yemen)
22 BEN BKN GUI IVO MLI MTN SEN TOG 23 CAF 24 DJI ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN 26 MLW 35 OMA SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Barleria violaceum (Vahl) Hillc. & J.R.I.Wood; Kew Bull. 38(3): 446 (1983)
= Dianthera violacea Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 1: 6 (1790)
= Ecbolium anisacanthus (Schweinf.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 5: 238 (1900)
= Ecbolium violaceum (Vahl) Hillc. & J.R.I.Wood; Kew Bull. 38: 446 (1983)
= Ecbolium violaceum (Vahl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 981 (1891)
= Justicia anisacanthus Schweinf.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 18: 678 (1868)
= Justicia violacea (Vahl) Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 2: 15 (1791)
= Monechma ciliatum Hochst. ex Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 411 (1847), nom. inval.
= Monechma violaceum (Vahl) Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 411 (1847)
= Schwabea anisacanthus (Schweinf.) Lindau; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 3b: 346 (1895)
= Schwabea salicifolia Lindau; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 191 (1902)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life