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293.0000 Family Brassicaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 854, 1093, 1123 (1835), nom. cons.
339 genera, ca. 4050 spp. Updated phylogeny see Hendriks et al. (2022) and German et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 4088; hybrids: 111
= Arabidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 573 (1843)
= Cruciferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 237 (1789), nom. cons.
= Drabaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 215 (1820)
= Erysimaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 238 (1820)
= Isatidaceae Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1310 (1861)
= Raphanaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 169 (1847)
= Schizopetalaceae A.Juss.; Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 11: 419 (1848)
= Sisymbriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 583 (1820)
= Stanleyaceae Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 85 (1834)
= Thlaspiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1820)
293.2802 Genus Meniocus Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 3: 173 (1815), nom. cons.
Distribution: Mediterranean (mostly Turkey), temperate Asia.
Species listed in database: 7
species :
Meniocus aureus Fenzl; Pug. Pl. Nov. Syr. 13 (1842)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)
34 IRQ ISR JOR SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum meniocoides var. aureum (Fenzl) Zohary; Palestine J. Bot., Jerusalem Ser. 2: 162 (1941)
= Alyssum pleiospermum Fenzl; Reisen Eur. As. Afr. [Russegger] 54 (1841)
= Alyssum aureum (Fenzl) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 286 (1867)
= Meniocus grandiflorus Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 1: 105 (1841)
species :
Meniocus blepharocarpus (T.R.Dudley & Hub.-Mor.) Hadac & Chrtek; Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 1971(4): 260 (1973)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum blepharocarpum T.R.Dudley & Hub.-Mor.; J. Arnold Arbor. 45: 61 (1964)
species :
Meniocus heterotrichus (Boiss.) Hadac & Chrtek; Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 1971: 260 (1973)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Wardak, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan)
32 KAZ TKM 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum betpakdalense N.I.Rubtzov; Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., Biol. 52: Livr. 2, 87 (1947)
= Alyssum bungei Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 274 (1867)
= Alyssum heterotrichum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 15 (1846)
species :
Meniocus hirsutus Boiss. & A.Huet; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 5: 32 (1856)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum huetii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 287 (1867)
= Meniocus huetii (Boiss.) Hadac & Chrtek; Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 1971(4): 260 (1973), nom. superfl.
species :
Meniocus linifolius (Stephan ex Willd.) DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 325 (1821)
Distribution: E-Spain; North Macedonia; Romania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Central Anatolia, E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Faryab, Herat, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Parwan, Takhar, Zabul); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Negev Desert); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Kurram); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I])
12 SPA 13 NMA ROM 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR SYR TUR 35 KUW SAU 36 CHI 37 MON 40 PAK 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum cupreum Freyn & Sint.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 695 (1903)
= Alyssum draba M.Bieb. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 672 (1809)
= Alyssum illyricum Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. Suppl. [Willdenow] 44 (1814)
= Alyssum linearifolium Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 19 (1816)
= Alyssum linifolium Stephan ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(1): 467 (1800)
= Alyssum linifolium var. cupreum (Freyn & Sint.) T.R.Dudley; Aarbok Univ. Bergen, Mat.-Naturvidensk. Ser. 13: 6 (1963)
= Alyssum linifolium var. teheranicum Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 1269 (1904)
= Alyssum minimum Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. [Pallas] 2: 741 (1773), nom. illeg., non L.
= Farsetia linifolia Andrz. ex DC.; Syst. Nat. [Candolle] 2: 325 (1821)
= Meniocus australasicus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 297 (1854 publ. 1855)
species :
Meniocus meniocoides (Boiss.) Hadac & Chrtek; Acta Univ. Carol., Biol. 1971: 260 (1973)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Herat, Kabul); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
34 AFG IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum filifolium Wahlenb.; Isis [Oken] 21: 998 (1828)
= Alyssum kermanshahense Cowan ex Parsa; Fl. Iran [Parsa] 1: 733 (1951), anglice
= Alyssum meniocoides Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 17: 158 (1842)
= Alyssum tetraspermum Bertol.; Novi Comment. Acad. Sci. Inst. Bononiensis 6: 226 (1844)
= Anodontea meniocoides (Boiss.) D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 3: 643 (1842)
= Meniocus filifolius Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 1: 107 (1843)
species :
Meniocus stylaris Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 6: 16 (1859)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Alyssum stylare (Boiss. & Balansa) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 1: 287 (1867)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life