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089.0000 Family Lauraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 80 (1789), nom. cons.
55 genera, ca. 3300 spp. Systematics taken from Song et al. (2019)
Species listed in database: 3400
= Cassythaceae Bartl. ex Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 15 (1833), nom. cons.
= Perseaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 61 (1834)
089.0810 Genus Mespilodaphne Nees; Linnaea 8: 45 (1833)
Distribution: Tropical and subtropical America, few Madagascar, tropical and South Africa, Canary Isl. Circumscription see Trofimov et al. 2019.
Species listed in database: 44
= Dendrodaphne Beurl.; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1854: 145 (1856)
= Sassafridium Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 171 (1864)
species :
Mespilodaphne aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
Distribution: Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Quindío, Santander, Valle); Peru
80 COS NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Laurus aurantiodora Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 4: t. 349 (1804)
= Nectandra aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 3(1): 158 (1880)
= Nectandra aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2(1): 299 (1894)
= Ocotea aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 295 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees; Linnaea 21: 495 (1848)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 388 (1889)
= Laurus balanocarpa Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 4: t. 354 (1804)
species :
Mespilodaphne borbonica Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Agathophyllum heteromorphum Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Agathophyllum obtusatum (Nees) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Ceramocarpium obtusatum (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne heteromorpha Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne heteromorpha var. obtusata (Nees) Meisn.; (1864)
= Ocotea borbonica (Meisn.) Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 303 (1895)
= Ocotea obtusata (Nees) Kosterm.; Kew Bull. 33(3): 524 (1979)
= Oreodaphne obtusata Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 447 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne bullata (E.Mey.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 511 (1864)
Name: Stinkwood
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Laurus bullata (E.Mey.) Burch. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 449 (1836)
= Ocotea bullata E.Mey. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 118 (1864)
= Oreodaphne bullata (E.Mey.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 449 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne ceanothifolia Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 236 (1836)
Distribution: Venezuela (Bolívar); French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapa, Amazonas); WC-Brazil
82 FRG VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea ceanothifolia (Nees) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 365 (1889)
= Persea ceanothifolia Mart. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 236 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne complicata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 103 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea complicata (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 247 (1889)
= Ocotea conferta Coe-Teix.; Loefgrenia 4: 1 (1962) (possibly valid sp.)
species :
Mespilodaphne corymbosa Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Caazapa, Cordillera, Paraguari)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnobalanus reticulatus Meisn.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 3, 2: 138 (1870)
= Mespilodaphne gardneri var. kunthiana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne organensis Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 97 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne organensis var. lanceolata Meisn.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 3, 2: 132 (1870)
= Mespilodaphne pohlii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 97 (1864)
= Ocotea camanducaiensis Coe-Teix.; Rodriguésia 32(52): 92 (1980)
= Ocotea corymbosa (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 321 (1889)
= Ocotea gurgelii Vattimo-Gil; Rodriguésia Anos 18-19: 309.(1956)
= Ocotea organensis (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 321 (1889)
= Ocotea paulensis Vattimo-Gil; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 16: 41 (1959)
= Ocotea proboscidea Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 318 (1907)
= Ocotea pseudoacuminata Coe-Teix.; Rodriguésia 32(52): 111 (1980)
= Ocotea reticulata (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 303 (1889)
= Ocotea sansimonensis Coe-Teix.; Rodriguésia 32(52): 117 (1980)
species :
Mespilodaphne cupularis (Lam.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 104 (1864)
Distribution: Mauritius
29 MAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Agathophyllum cupulare (Lam.) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Agathophyllum marginatum (Nees) Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Agathophyllum neesianum Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Agathophyllum persoonianum Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 341 (1851)
= Balanopsis acuta Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 134 (1838)
= Balanopsis cupularis (Lam.) Raf.; Sylva Tellur. 134 (1838)
= Borbonia cupularis (Lam.) Gaertn.f.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 3: 225, t. 222 (1805)
= Calycodaphne cupularis (Lam.) Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 273 (1837)
= Calycodaphne dysoxylon Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 273 (1837)
= Calycodaphne floribunda (Sw.) Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 273 (1837)
= Ceramocarpium marginatum (Nees) Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 106 (1864)
= Laurus cupularis (Lam.) Pers. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Laurus mascarena Buc´hoz; Hist. Univ. Règne Vég. 10: Dec. 1, tab. 2 (1775)
= Laurus mauritiana Stadman ex Soy.-Will.; Ann. Bot. [Usteri] 18: 31 (1796)
= Laurus neesiana Schott ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 438 (1836)
= Mespilodaphne marginata (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 106 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne mauritiana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 104 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne mauritiana var. laevigata Meisn.; (1864)
= Mespilodaphne persooniana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Ocotea cupularis (Lam.) Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 303 (1895)
= Ocotea laevigata (Meisn.) Marais; Kew Bull. 33(3): 524 (1979)
= Ocotea marginata (Nees) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
= Ocotea mascarena (Buc´hoz) Kosterm.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 92 (1939)
= Oreodaphne cupularis (Lam.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 438 (1836)
= Oreodaphne marginata Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 460 (1836)
= Persea cupularis (Lam.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 269 (1825)
species :
Mespilodaphne cymbarum (Kunth) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 42 (2019)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Colombia (Amazonas, Guainía, Vaupés); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil
80 COS 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alseodaphne amara (Mart.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 2: 484 (1833)
= Alseodaphne cymbarum (Kunth) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 2: 484 (1833)
= Laurus coruscans Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 305 (1836)
= Licaria cymbarum (Kunth) Pittier; Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 6: 135 (1941)
= Misanteca cymbarum (Kunth) Lundell; Wrightia 4: 100 (1969)
= Nectandra barcellensis Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 155 (1864)
= Nectandra caparrapii Sand.-Groot ex Nates; Aceite Amacey Tamb. Llam. Aceite Caparrapi (Tesis de Grado) 13, 15, 43 (1889)
= Nectandra cymbarum (Kunth) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 305 (1836)
= Nectandra elaiophora Barb.Rodr.; Vellosia ed. 2, 1: 64 (1891)
= Nectandra oleifera Posada-Ar. ex Nates; Aceite Amacey Tamb. Llam. Aceite Caparrapi (Tesis de Grado) 43 (1889)
= Ocotea amara Mart.; Reise Bras. [Spix & Martius] 3: 1128 (1831)
= Ocotea barcellensis (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 337 (1889)
= Ocotea caparrapii (Sand.-Groot ex Nates) Dugand; Revista Acad. Colomb. Ci. Exact. 3: 396 (1940)
= Ocotea cymbarum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 166 (1817)
= Oreodaphne oleifera Posada-Ar.; Anales Acad. Med. Medellin 3: 212 (1891)
species :
Mespilodaphne cymosa (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Agathophyllum cymosum (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 111 (1864)
= Agathophyllum lindleyanum Blume; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 340 (1851)
= Agathophyllum tapak (Baill.) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
= Ceramophora cymosa Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Laurus coccineus Bojer ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15: t. 511 (1864)
= Laurus cupularis Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3(2): 447 (1792)
= Laurus cymosa Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 437 (1836)
= Laurus madagascariensis Juss. ex Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 448 (1885)
= Mespilodaphne lindleyana (Blume) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne tapak (Baill.) Danguy; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 26: 650 (1920)
= Ocotea cymosa (Nees) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
= Ocotea lindleyana (Blume) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
= Oreodaphne cymosa Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 437 (1836)
= Ravensara tapak Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 448 (1885)
species :
Mespilodaphne fasciculata (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 108 (1864)
Name: Laurier Citron (Trinidad & Tobago)
Distribution: Trinidad; Venezuela (Aragua, Bolívar, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Amapa, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); WC-Brazil
81 TRT 82 FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cinnamomum bahiense Vattimo-Gil; Rodriguésia 29(42): 128 (1977)
= Ocotea fasciculata (Nees) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 248 (1889)
= Ocotea duckei Vattimo-Gil; Rodriguésia Anos 23-24: 243 (1962)
= Ocotea nunesii Vattimo-Gil; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 15: 142 (1957)
= Ocotea scrobiculifera Vattimo-Gil; Rodriguésia 29(42): 129 (1977)
= Oreodaphne fasciculata Nees; Linnaea 21: 521 (1848)
species :
Mespilodaphne faucherei Danguy; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 26: 651 (1920)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea faucherei (Danguy) Danguy; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 79 (1839)
species :
Mespilodaphne foetens (Aiton) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 511 (1864)
Name: Stinklorbeer (DE); Til (ES)
Distribution: Azores (Sao Miguel Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma)
21 AZO CNY MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Borbonia foetens (Aiton) J.Presl; Přír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostl. 2: 57 (1825)
= Laurus foetens Sol. ex Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 39 (1789)
= Laurus maderensis Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3: 449 (1792)
= Laurus till Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 3: 324 (1813)
= Ocotea foetens (Aiton) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 2: 466 (1870)
= Ocotea foetens (Aiton) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 3: 158 (1880), isonym
= Oreodaphne foetens (Aiton) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 449 (1836)
= Persea foetens (Aiton) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 268 (1825)
= Persea foetida Ettingsh.; Blatt-Skel. Dikot. 46 (1861)
species :
Mespilodaphne fragrantissima (Ducke) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 43 (2019)
Distribution: Peru; N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas)
83 PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea fragrantissima Ducke; Trop. Woods, No. 60: 7, et in An. Prim. Reun. Sul-Amer. Bot. 1938 3: 62 (1939 publ. 1940)
species :
Mespilodaphne gardneri Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 (1864)
Distribution: Brazil (Alagoas, Paraíba, Pernambuco)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea gardneri (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 338 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne glauca (Nees & Mart.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 97 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne glauca var. virescens Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
= Ocotea brevithyrsus Mez; Arbeiten Königl. Bot. Gart. Breslau 1: 123 (1892)
= Ocotea glauca (Nees & Mart.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 362 (1889)
= Ocotea glauca var. virescens (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 362 (1889)
= Ocotea sylvatica (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 320 (1889)
= Oreodaphne glauca Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Linnaea 8: 42 (1833)
= Oreodaphne sellowii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 133 (1864)
= Oreodaphne sylvatica Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(2): 228 (1868)
species :
Mespilodaphne indecora (Schott) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aiouea tenuiflora Nees ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 510 (1864)
= Aiouea tenuiflora Nees ex Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 49 (1889)
= Ceramocarpium maximilianum Nees; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 108 (1864)
= Ocotea indecora (Schott) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 249 (1889)
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. cannella Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 103 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. intermedia Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. laxa Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. minor Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. stricta Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
= Ocotea indecora Schott ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
= Ocotea pretiosa var. indecora (Schott) Vattimo-Gil; Rodriguésia 37: 87 (1966)
= Oreodaphne indecora (Schott) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 407 (1836)
= Persea indecora Schott; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2), Cur. Post.: 405 (1827)
species :
Mespilodaphne leucophloea Nees; Linnaea 8: 45 (1833)
Distribution: SE-Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne indecora var. leucophloea (Nees & Mart.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 103 (1864)
= Ocotea leucophloea (Nees & Mart.) L.C.S.Assis & Mello-Silva; Novon 20(4): 379 (2010)
species :
Mespilodaphne ligulata (van der Werff) van der Werff; Novon 29: 49 (2021)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Amazonas)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea ligulata van der Werff; Novon 10(3): 273 (2000)
species :
Mespilodaphne macrophylla (Beurl.) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 43 (2019)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Quindío, Valle); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendrodaphne macrophylla Beurl.; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1854: 145 (1856)
= Laurus pubescens Willd. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 293 (1836)
= Laurus rubescens H.Buek; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle], Index 4: 198, cit. falsa (1874)
= Ocotea dendrodaphne Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 238 (1889)
= Ocotea ovandensis Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 6: 16 (1941)
= Ocotea quisara Mez & Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 33: 259 (1902)
= Persea macrophylla (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 270 (1825)
species :
Mespilodaphne madagascariensis Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 105 (1864)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne bernieri Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 453 (1885)
= Nesodaphne bernieri (Baill.) Palacký; (1907)
= Ocotea bernieri (Baill.) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
= Ocotea madagascariensis (Meisn.) Palacký; Cat. Pl. Madagasc. [Palacký] 2: 9 (1907)
species :
Mespilodaphne maximilianea (Nees & Mart. ex Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 108 (1864)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea maximilianea (Nees & Mart. ex Nees) P.L.R.Moraes; Komarovia 6(1): 34 (2009)
= Oreodaphne maximilianea Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 451 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne meyendorffiana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 (1864)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea meyendorffiana (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 314 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne microneura Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea microneura (Meisn.) Rohwer; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 20: 130 (1986)
species :
Mespilodaphne montana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea montana (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 319 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne morae (Gómez-Laur.) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 43 (2019)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea morae Gómez-Laur.; Novon 7(2): 145 (1997)
species :
Mespilodaphne moschata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 106 (1864)
Name: Nemoca, Nuez moscada macho, Nuez moscada del pais
Distribution: Puerto Rico; Venezuela (Sucre)
81 PUE 82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea moschata (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 269 (1889)
= Laurus moschata Pav. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 106, 237 (1864)
species :
Mespilodaphne notata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne petiolaris Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 (1864)
= Ocotea glaucina (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 340 (1889)
= Ocotea notata (Nees & Mart.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 339 (1889)
= Oreodaphne glaucina Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 134 (1864)
= Oreodaphne notata Nees & Mart.; Linnaea 8: 42 (1833)
species :
Mespilodaphne nutans (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 98 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea nutans (Nees) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 362 (1889)
= Oreodaphne kunthiana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 119 (1864)
= Oreodaphne nutans Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 421 (1836)
= Oreodaphne nutans var. sylvestris Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 421 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne opifera (Mart.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 510 (1864)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Bolívar, Caquetá, Chocó, Guaviare, Meta, Santander, Tolima, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Barinas, Bolívar, Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, Pando); N-Brazil (Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Ceara, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Alseodaphne opifera (Mart.) Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 2: 484 (1833)
= Laurus longifolia (Kunth) Willd. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 112, 237 (1864)
= Laurus opifera (Mart.) Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(2): 195 (1868)
= Ocotea grandifolia (Nees) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 290 (1889)
= Ocotea longifolia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 164 (1817)
= Ocotea microcarpa Poepp. ex Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 112 (1864)
= Ocotea opifera Mart.; Buchn. Repert. Pharm. 179 (1830)
= Ocotea rusbyana Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 303 (1889)
= Ocotea trianae Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 506 (1910)
= Oreodaphne grandifolia Nees; Linnaea 21: 517 (1848)
= Oreodaphne longifolia (Kunth) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 391 (1836)
= Oreodaphne opifera (Mart.) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 390 (1836)
= Persea longifolia (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 2: 270 (1825)
species :
Mespilodaphne paradoxa (Mez) Hammel; Phytoneuron 2020-84: 1 (2020)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea paradoxa Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30(Beibl. 67): 16 (1901)
= Mespilodaphne klepperae (van der Werff) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 43 (2019)
= Ocotea klepperae van der Werff; Novon 11: 508 (2001)
species :
Mespilodaphne prolifera Nees; Linnaea 8: 46 (1833)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea prolifera (Nees) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 276 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne pulchella Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 (1864)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Caazapa, Cordillera, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Cerro Largo); Argentina (Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne pulchella var. corymbifera Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne pulchella var. elliptica Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne pulchella var. ferruginea Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne pulchella var. floribunda Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne vaccinioides Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Ocotea pulchella (Nees & Mart.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 317 (1889)
= Ocotea pulchella Mart.; Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins. [Buch] 35: 172 (1830)
= Ocotea pulchella var. ferruginea Hassl.; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 3: 597 (1913)
= Ocotea pulchella var. vaccinioides Hassl.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 21: 86 (1919)
= Oreodaphne pulchella Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
= Oreodaphne pulchella var. angustifolia Nees; Linnaea 8: 41 (1833)
= Oreodaphne pulchella var. corniculata Nees; Linnaea 8: 41 (1833)
= Oreodaphne pulchella var. sericeola Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
species :
Mespilodaphne quixos (Lam.) Rohwer; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 43 (2019)
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Putumayo); Ecuador; N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Pernambuco, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
82 CLM 83 ECU 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrodiclidium cinnamomoides (Mutis ex Kunth) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 88 (1889)
= Aydendron suaveolens Nees; Linnaea 8: 37 (1833)
= Borbonia peruviana Juss. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 217 (1841)
= Laurus camelilla Willd. ex Meisn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 5(2): 199 (1868)
= Laurus cinnamomoides Mutis ex Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 169 (1817)
= Laurus odoratissima Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 16 (1841)
= Laurus odorifera Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 164 4: t. 58 (1825 publ. 1829)
= Laurus quixos Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3(2): 455 (1792)
= Licaria quixos (Lam.) Kosterm.; Reinwardtia 7: 146 (1965) (in obs.)
= Mespilodaphne pretiosa Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Linnaea 8: 45 (1833)
= Mespilodaphne pretiosa var. angustifolia Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 237 (1836)
= Mespilodaphne pretiosa var. latifolia Nees & Mart.; Linnaea 8: 45 (1833)
= Mespilodaphne pretiosa var. longifolia Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 103 (1864)
= Misanteca quixos (Lam.) Lundell; Wrightia 4: 101 (1969)
= Nectandra cinnamomoides (Mutis ex Kunth) Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 307 (1836)
= Ocotea cinnamomoides (Mutis ex Kunth) Kosterm.; J. Sci. Res. (Jakarta) 1: 116 (1952)
= Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 20: 111 (1986)
= Ocotea pretiosa (Nees & Mart. ex Nees) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 3: 158 (1880)
= Ocotea quixos (Lam.) Kosterm. ex O.C.Schmidt; Biblioth. Bot. 29: Heft 116, 88 (1937), Kosterm. in Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl.1938 35: 900, et in Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht, No.48, 900 (1938)
species :
Mespilodaphne racemosa Danguy; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 26: 650 (1920)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea alveolata Kosterm.; Pengum. Balai Besar Penjel. Kehut. Indonesia No. 60, 5 (1957)
= Ocotea discoidea Kosterm.; Pengum. Balai Besar Penjel. Kehut. Indonesia No. 60, 12 (1957)
= Ocotea laevis Kosterm.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 82 (1939)
= Ocotea platydisca Kosterm.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 87 (1939)
= Ocotea racemosa (Danguy) Kosterm.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 86 (1939)
= Ocotea similis Kosterm.; Pengum. Balai Besar Penjel. Kehut. Indonesia No. 60, 23 (1957)
species :
Mespilodaphne sassafras Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 102 (1864)
Distribution: NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea sassafras (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 247 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne sprucei Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 97 (1864)
Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); N-Brazil (Amazonas)
82 VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnobalanus sprucei (Meisn.) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 140 (1864)
= Ocotea sprucei (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 323 (1889), et ex C. K. Allen, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 10: No. 5. 102 (1964), descr. ampl.
species :
Mespilodaphne staminea (Griseb.) Trofimov; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 44 (2019)
Name: Lignum dorum, Spicewood (Jamaica)
Distribution: Jamaica
81 JAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Nectandra staminea Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 282 (1860)
= Oreodaphne fragrans Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 127 (1864)
= Synandrodaphne antillana Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 176 (1864)
= Ocotea staminea (Griseb.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 240 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne thouvenotii Danguy; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 26(7): 651-652 (1920)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea capuronii Kosterm.; Pengum. Balai Besar Penjel. Kehut. Indonesia No. 60, 7 (1957)
= Ocotea thouvenotii (Danguy) Kosterm.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8(2): 78 (1939)
species :
Mespilodaphne trichantha Baker; (1887)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea trichantha Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 515 (1887)
species :
Mespilodaphne trichophlebia (Baker) Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 448 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Mespilodaphne acuminata (Baker) Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 448 (1885)
= Ocotea acuminata Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 242 (1883)
= Ocotea trichophlebia Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 242 (1883)
species :
Mespilodaphne tristis (Nees & Mart. ex Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay
84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Cryptocarya dubia Spreng. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 400 (1836)
= Cryptocarya monticola Mart. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 400 (1836)
= Mespilodaphne cordata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne nummularia Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne phillyreoides (Nees) Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne phillyreoides var. oblonga Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne phillyreoides var. obovata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne rigens Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 99 ad n. 11 (in obs. (1864))
= Mespilodaphne tristis var. major Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne tristis var. obovata Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne tristis var. ovalifolia Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 101 (1864)
= Mespilodaphne tristis var. subacuta Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 100 (1864)
= Ocotea aenea Mart. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 394 (1836)
= Ocotea areolata Mez; Arbeiten Königl. Bot. Gart. Breslau 1: 125 (1892)
= Ocotea cordata (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 313 (1889)
= Ocotea grandis Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 336 (1889)
= Ocotea nummularia (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 313 (1889)
= Ocotea phillyreoides Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 315 (1889)
= Ocotea rigens (Nees & Mart.) Rohwer; Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 20: 215 (1986)
= Ocotea tristis (Nees & Mart.) Mez ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 304 (1836)
= Oreodaphne phillyreoides Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 400 (1836)
= Oreodaphne rigens Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
= Oreodaphne tristis Nees & Mart. ex Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
= Oreodaphne tristis var. concolor Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
= Oreodaphne tristis var. oblongifolia Nees; Linnaea 8: 40 (1833)
= Tetranthera racemosa Spreng. ex Nees; Syst. Laur. [Nees] 394 (1836)
species :
Mespilodaphne vaginans Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 104 (1864)
Distribution: Venezuela (Aragua)
82 VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea vaginans (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 245 (1889)
species :
Mespilodaphne veraguensis (Meisn.) Rohwer; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 190(1): 44 (2019)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Risaralda, Valle); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ocotea bakeri S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 65 (1917)
= Ocotea escuintlensis Lundell; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 6: 15 (1941)
= Ocotea veraguensis (Meisn.) Mez; Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 5: 240 (1889)
= Sassafridium veraguense Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 15(1): 171 (1864)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life