132.0000
Family
Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30559; hybrids: 1431
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl.: 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl.: 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam.: 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat.: 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., ser. 4, sect. B Adansonia 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot.: 73 (1835)
132.4309
Genus
Ophrys L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 945, 948 (1753)
Distribution: mostly Mediterranean and Anatolia, few to W-Asia and central Europe. The taxonomy of the genus is very problematic due to many recently described microspecies and various conflicting species concepts. Some authors recognize almost 400 microtaxa. Molecular results indicate that possibly only 10-50 very variable species are involved. We follow here Hennecke (2021) who recognizes 82 species based on molecular results which seems to be a reasonable compromise. Also almost all infraspecific taxa are classified as varieties and not as subspecies.
Species listed in database: 83; hybrids: 462
= Arachnites F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 74 (1793)
= Myodium Salisb.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 289 (1812)
species :
Ophrys aegaea
Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 19(4): 918 (1987)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Kasos, Amorgos, Iraklia Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (Kasos, Karpathos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: lesbis agg., pollinator Anthophora orientalis, probably derived from O. argolica x ferrum-equinum
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. aegaea (Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. aegaea (Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 720 (2005)
species :
Ophrys aeoli
P.Delforge; Natural. Belges 78 (3) (Orchid. 10): 153-176 (1997)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Amorgos, Astypaleia)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. aeoli (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 99 (2004)
species :
Ophrys aesculapii
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 249 (1928)
Name: Äskulap-Ragwurz
Distribution: C-Greece; S-Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Of hybridogenous origin O. ferrum-equinum x sicula
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aesculapii subsp. pseudoaraneifera Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 250 (1928)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. aesculapii (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 383 (1970)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. renzii Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 278 (1929)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. aesculapii (Renz) Soó ex J.J.Wood; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(6): 232 (1980)
= Ophrys ×renzii (Soó) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 278 (1929)
species :
Ophrys amanensis
(Nelson ex Renz & Taubenheim) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991)
subspecies :
subsp. amanensis
Distribution: S-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys amanensis subsp. iceliensis (Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 80 (2004)
= Ophrys hittitica Kreutz & Ruedi Peter; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 128 (prepr. 30 Sept. 1997) (tentative synonym)
= Ophrys iceliensis Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 32 (3/4): 527-537 (2000)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. amanensis (E.Nelson ex Renz & Taubenheim) H.A.Pedersen, P.J.Cribb & Rolf Kühn; Field Guide Orchids Europe Medit. 242 (2019)
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. amanensis E.Nelson ex Renz & Taubenheim; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 271 (1983)
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. hittitica (Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 369 (2022)
subspecies :
subsp. antalyensis
(Kreutz & Seckel) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 80 (2004)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys antalyensis Kreutz & Seckel; Kreutz, Orchideen Türkei 752 (1998)
species :
Ophrys andria
P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 75(4): 136 (1994)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Andros, Tinos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. andria (P.Delforge) Faurh.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 22(2): 7 (2005 publ. 2006)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. andria (P.Delforge) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
variant :
var. halkionis
G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 13(1): 9 (1996)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Naxos, Tinos, Kimolos, Kea, Siros, Serifos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys andria subsp. halkionis (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 107 (2005)
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. halkionis (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 175 (2007)
= Ophrys thesei P.Delforge; Natural. Belges 78 (3) (Orchid. 10): 153-176 (1997)
species :
Ophrys annae
Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 73(3): 110 (1992)
Distribution: S-Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. annae (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Engel & Quentin; Orchidophile (Asnières) 124: 205 (1996)
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. annae (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) H.Baumann, Giotta, Künkele, R.Lorenz & Piccitto; J. Eur. Orch. 27(2): 217 (1995)
variant :
var. aliceae
(Argiolas) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 329 (2021)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica var. aliceae Argiolas; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(2): 350 (2018)
species :
Ophrys apifera
Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson] ed. I, 340 (1762)
Name: Bienen-Ragwurz (DE); Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Greece (widespread, rare Kiklades); Crete; European Turkey; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; W-Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Cyprus; Syria; Israel
10 GRB IRE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 33 GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI ISR SYR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Apiferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites apifer (Huds.) Hoffm.; Deutsch. Fl. ed. 2, 2: 180 (1895)
= Ophrys albiflora Spruner ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 79 (1882)
= Ophrys apifera f. austroalsatica Sprunger & Rolf Kühn; Orchidee, Taxon. Mitt. 8(8): 52 (2022)
= Ophrys apifera f. flaveola Klaver & Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(1): 48 (2016)
= Ophrys apifera f. purpurea (Tausch) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. muteliae (Mutel) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. purpurea (Tausch) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
= Ophrys apifera var. cordatitepala Chodat; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, ser. 2, 5: 15 (1913)
= Ophrys apifera var. filitepala Chodat; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2, 5: 15 (1913)
= Ophrys apifera var. muteliae Mutel; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 3: 243 (1835)
= Ophrys apifera var. purpurata Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 97 (1851)
= Ophrys apifera var. purpurea (Tausch) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 698 (1882)
= Ophrys apifera var. speciosa Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 698 (1882)
= Ophrys apifera var. subterrostrunca Brot.; Phytogr. Lusitan. Select. 1: 32 (1817)
= Ophrys aquisgranensis Kaltenb.; Verh. Rheinl. 7: 519, t. 7 (1850)
= Ophrys arachnites Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8: 7 (1768)
= Ophrys broteroi Welw. ex Nyman; Consp. 698 (1882)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. apifera (Huds.) Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 13 (1869)
= Ophrys oestrifera M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 369 (1808)
= Ophrys picta var. oestrifera (M.Bieb.) Bory & Chaub.; Exp. Sci. Morée, Bot. 62 (1832)
= Ophrys purpurea Tausch; Flora 14: 222 (1831)
= Ophrys ripaensis Porta; Atti Acc. Rovereto, Ser. 3: 11: fasc. 2, 7 (1905), Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 485
= Ophrys rostrata Ten.; Ind. Sem. Hort. Neap. 15 (1830)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. oestrifera (M.Bieb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16 (3-4): 386 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Orchis apifera Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 7 (1796)
variant :
var. almaracensis
Pérez-Chisc., Durán Oliva & Gil Llano; Stud. Bot. (Salamanca) 9: 114, 113 (1990 publ. 1991)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. almaracensis (Pérez-Chisc., Durán Oliva & Gil Llano) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 246 (2007)
variant :
var. atrofusca
J.Dierckx, Kreutz, D.Riepe & L.Segers; J. Eur. Orch. 48(2-4): 329 (2016)
Distribution: Belgium
11 BGM
variant :
var. aurita
(Moggr.) Gremli; Neue Beitr. Fl. Schweiz 4: 31 (1887)
Distribution: Germany; Switzerland; France; etc.
11 GER SWI 12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys insectifera subvar. aurita Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Leop. Carol. 35: 13, tab. 4 (1869)
= Ophrys apifera f. aurita (Moggr.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 3: 34 (1928)
variant :
var. austriaca
(Wiesb. ex Dichtl) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österr. 198 (1890)
Distribution: Austria; etc.
11 AUT
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys austriaca Wiesb. ex Dichtl; Deutsch. Bot. Monatsschr. 1: 148 (1883)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. austriaca (Wiesb. ex Dichtl) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
variant :
var. badensis
Lewis & Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 44(2): 403 - 412 (2012)
Distribution: rare but throughout the range of the species
Remarks: this form was treated usually as "var. friburgensis", but the name friburgensis applies to var. botteronii
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. badensis (L.Lewis & Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 242 (2012)
variant :
var. basiliensis
S.Schwegler & Matthies; Orchid Rev. 112(1258): 214 (2004)
Distribution: Switzerland
11 SWI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. basiliensis (S.Schwegler & Matthies) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 259 (2006)
variant :
var. belgarum
Turner Ettl.; Watsonia 22(1): 107 (1998)
Distribution: England; Belgium; etc.
10 GRB 11 BGM
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. belgarum (Turner Ettl.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 246 (2007)
variant :
var. botteronii
(Chodat) Brand; Koch, Syn. Deutsch. Schweiz. Fl. ed 3 3: 2438 (1905)
Distribution: rare but throughout the range of the species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera proles botteronii (Chodat) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 651 (1907)
= Ophrys apifera f. botteronii (Chodat) P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 5: 365 (1996)
= Ophrys apifera f. friburgensis (Freyhold) M.Schulze; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 49: 269 (1899)
= Ophrys apifera f. friburgensis (Freyhold) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006), isonym
= Ophrys apifera subsp. botteronii (Chodat) Nägeli; Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 2: 324 (1909)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. friburgensis (Freyhold) P.Fourn.; Fl. Compl. plaine franc. 516 (1928)
= Ophrys apifera var. friburgensis Freyhold; Tagebl. Versamml. Deutsch. Naturf. Aerzte 52: 220 (1879)
= Ophrys botteronii Chodat; [Notice sur Polyg. d´Eur. & d´Or. (1887)], Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve v. (1889) 187
= Ophrys epeirophora Peter; Flora 66: 10 (1883)
= Ophrys friburgensis (Freyhold) O.Nägeli; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 21: 178 (1912)
variant :
var. brevilabellata
Kreutz, R.Selig & Zelesny; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 93 (2007)
Distribution: France (Cevennes)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. brevilabellata (Kreutz, R.Selig & Zelesny) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
variant :
var. cambrensis
M.J.Clark; J. Eur. Orch. 46(3/4): 726 (2014)
Distribution: Wales
10 GRB
variant :
var. chlorantha
(Hegetschw.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 698 (1882)
Distribution: rare throughout the range of the species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. chlorantha (Hegetschw.) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. chlorantha (Hegetschw.) Arcang.; Comp. fl. ital. ed. 1: 661 (1882)
= Ophrys chlorantha Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz 876 (1839)
variant :
var. curviflora
A.Soulié; Orchidophile (Asnières) 163: 296 (2004)
Distribution: W-Germany; France (Aveyron)
11 GER 12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. curviflora (A.Soulié) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
variant :
var. emanuelae
Benigni, Barigelli & Petroselli; Micol. Marche, n. s. 5(1): 43 (2021)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. emanuelae (Benigni, Barigelli & Petroselli) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
variant :
var. fulvofusca
M.P.Grasso & Scrugli; Orchidee (Hamburg) 38(1): 47 (1987)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. fulvofusca (M.P.Grasso & Scrugli) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 246 (2007)
variant :
var. immaculata
Bréb.; Fl. Normandie ed. 2: 261 (1849)
Distribution: very rare through the range of the species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera lusus immaculata (Bréb.) Soó; Keller, Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 70 (1931)
= Ophrys apifera f. bicolor (O.Nägeli) P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain & Ireland 5: 365 (1996)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. immaculata (Bréb.) O.Nägeli; Jahresh. Vereins Vaterl. Naturk. Wurttemberg 72: 217 (1916)
= Ophrys apifera var. bicolor (O.Nägeli) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ikon. Ophrys 178 (1962), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys bicolor O.Nägeli; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 23: 64 (1914)
= Ophrys immaculata (Bréb.) O.Nägeli; Jahresh. vaterl. Ver. Naturk. Württ. 72: 217 (1916)
= Ophrys mangini Tallon; Actes Reserve Zool. Bot. Camargue 24: 76 (1941)
variant :
var. jenensis
Voelckel & E.Theel; Orchidee (Hamburg) 3(14)E: 95 (2017)
Distribution: Germany
11 GER
variant :
var. jurana
(Ruppert ex W.Zimmerm.) J.Schuster; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 60: 435 (1935)
Distribution: rare through the range of the species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera subsp. jurana Ruppert ex Zimm.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 17: 2 (1911)
= Ophrys jurana (Ruppert ex Zimm.) Neuberger; Schulfl. Baden, ed. 7-8: 57 (1925)
variant :
var. laetitiae
Klaver; GIROS Notiz. 45: 16 (2010)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. laetitiae (Klaver) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
variant :
var. libanotica
Addam & Bou-Hamdan; Journal of Botanical Research 6: 39-46 (2015), et J. Ecol. Environm. Sci. 7(2): 178 (2016)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
variant :
var. maculata
Jakely & Könighofer; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 38(2): 35 (2021)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
variant :
var. patinata
U.Grabner & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 62 (2010 publ. 2011)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. patinata (U.Grabner & Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 242 (2012)
variant :
var. punctata
Jakely & Könighofer; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 38(2): 41 (2021)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
variant :
var. quintianensis
Berzacola; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(1): 21 (2022)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. quintianensis (Berzacola) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
variant :
var. renatae
K.Barbieri, L.Barbieri & Contorni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 448 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
variant :
var. saraepontana
(Ruppert) H.Baumgartner bis & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 215 (2010 publ. 2011)
Distribution: Germany
11 GER
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×saraepontana Ruppert; Verh. Nat. Ver. Preuss. Rheinl. 81: 181 (1925), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 31: 325 (1924 publ. 1926)
variant :
var. tilaventina
Nonis & Liverani; Caesiana 9: 57 (1997)
Distribution: Italy (Pordenone)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= xCephalophrys ×integra (Sacc.) Cox; Orchid World 2: 114 (1912)
= Ophrys apifera f. tilaventina (Nonis & Liverani) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
= Ophrys ×integra Sacc.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 3: 165 (1871)
variant :
var. trollii
(Hegetschw.) Rchb.f.; Icon. fl. Germ. Helv. 13/14: 97 (1851)
Distribution: very rare through the range of the species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera subsp. trollii (Hegetschw.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. trollii (Hegetschw.) O.Bolòs; Bull. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat., 59 Bot. 8: 145 (1991)
= Ophrys apifera f. trollii (Hegetschw.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain & Ireland 5: 365 (1996)
= Ophrys trollii Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz 874, t. 8 (1839)
= Ophrys trollii var. virescens Chodat; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève sér. 2,: f. 17 (1913)
variant :
var. urbinensis
Klaver; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(2): 288 (2016)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apifera f. urbinensis (Klaver) Biagioli, De Simoni, Doro & Klaver; Orchidee Ital. Guida Orchidee Spont. 454 (2024)
species :
Ophrys apulica
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 82 (1975)
Name: Apulische Ragwurz
Distribution: C-Italy; SE-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, pollinator Tetralonia berlandi
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. apulica O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 21: 20 (1970)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. apulica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Buttler; Willdenowia 16(1): 115 (1986), isonym
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. apulica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. robertiarum D´Alonzo & Perilli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 19 (2017)
species :
Ophrys arachnitiformis
Gren. & Philippe; Mem. Soc. Emul. Doubs, ser. 3, 4: 391 (1860), pro hybr.
Distribution: C-Spain (Aragon); N-Spain (Navarra, etc.); SE-France; NW-Italy; San Marino
12 FRA SPA 13 ITA SMA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Of hybridogenous origin O. holosericea x sphegodes, but partially stabilized and therefore deserving to be listed as full species
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites subsp. arachnitiformis (Gren. & M.Philippe) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 262 (1890)
= Ophrys arachnites var. obscura (Beck) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 293 (1890)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis f. nicaeensis (Barla) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis f. specularia (Rchb.f.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis var. cornuta Gren.; Rech. Orchid. Toulon 9 (1859)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis var. explanata Gren.; Rech. Orchid. Toulon 10 (1859)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis var. mammosa Gren.; Rech. Orchid. Toulon 10 (1859)
= Ophrys araneifera var. ruppertii (A.Fuchs) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 27 (1927)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. arachnitiformis (Gren. & M.Philippe) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 287 (1908)
= Ophrys aranifera var. nicaeensis Barla; Fl. Illus. Nice, Orchid. 66 (1868)
= Ophrys aranifera var. specularia Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13/14: 90, 91 (1851)
= Ophrys classica Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 351 (2000)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. arachnitiformis (Gren. & M.Philippe) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 251 (1984)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. castellana (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Soca; Monde Pl. 97(475): 27 (2002)
= Ophrys nicaeensis (Barla) Ruppert; Verh. Naturhist. Ver. Preuß. Rheinl. Westf. 83: 302 (1926)
= Ophrys specularia (Rchb.f.) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 35 (1909)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. classica (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 179 (2007)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. arachnitiformis Gren. & M.Philippe; Mém. Soc. Émul. Doubs, ser. 3, 4: 399 (1859)
= Ophrys ×aschersonii nothosubsp. metellae Benigni, Barigelli & Petroselli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 351 (2019)
= Ophrys ×aschersonii De Nanteuil; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 34: 423 (1887)
= Ophrys ×augustae A.Fuchs; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 51: 136 (1928)
= Ophrys ×castellana Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 69(2): 108 (1988)
= Ophrys ×chatenieri nothomorph. bakonyensis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (1-2): 173 (1973)
= Ophrys ×chatenieri Rouy; Fl. France 13: 124 (1912)
= Ophrys ×glanensis Soca; Monde Pl. 95 (470): 12 (2000)
= Ophrys ×licana A.Fuchs; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 51: 135 (1928)
= Ophrys ×metellae (Benigni, Barigelli & Petroselli) Benigni, Mandozzi, Barigelli & Petroselli; Micol. Marche, n. s. 6(1): 43 (2022), isonym
= Ophrys ×metellae (Benigni, Barigelli & Petroselli) Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 116 (2022)
= Ophrys ×milioniae Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 49(2): 376 (2017)
= Ophrys ×obscura Beck; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29: 353 (1879)
= Ophrys ×ruppertii A.Fuchs; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 16: 76 (1917), et Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 51: 134 (1928)
variant :
var. archipelagi
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) comb.ined.
Distribution: EC-Italy (Adriatic coast); S-Italy; Croatia (Korcula); Albania; NW-Greece (incl. Ionian Isl.)
13 ALB CRO GRC ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. archipelagi (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 83 (2004)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. cephalonica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 107 (2005)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. mateolana (Medagli, D´Emerico, Bianco & Ruggiero) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 108 (2005)
= Ophrys archipelagi Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(4): 731 (1986)
= Ophrys archipelagi subsp. cephalonica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 242 (2014)
= Ophrys cephalonica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 69(2): 110 (1988)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. archipelagi (Gölz & Reinhard) Del Prete; Del Prete & G. Tosi, Orchidee Spontanee d´Italia: 37 (1988)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. cephalonica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Soca; Monde Pl. 97(475): 27 (2002)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. mateolana (Medagli, D´Emerico, Bianco & Ruggiero) Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 31 (2), 373 (1999)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. cephalonica B.Baumann & H.Baumann; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 16(1): 124 (1984)
= Ophrys ×gilsoniorum P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 73(3): 99 (1992)
= Ophrys ×joukoffiorum P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 73(3): 101 (1992)
= Ophrys ×mateolana Medagli, D´Emerico, Bianco & Ruggiero; Orchidophile (Asnières) 97: 109 (1991)
= Ophrys ×poelmansiana P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 73(3): 101 (1992)
variant :
var. cilentana
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy (Campania); Croatia
13 CRO ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. cilentana (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 83 (2004)
= Ophrys cilentana Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 351 (2000)
variant :
var. gallica
(van Looken) comb.ined.
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites var. exaltata (Ten.) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 1: 235 (1898)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis E.G.Camus; Jour. Bot. Paris 24: 7, 116 (1893) [non Gren. & Philippe]
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. gallica (van Looken) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 108 (2005)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. occidentalis Scappat.; Orchidophile (Asnières) 152: 132 (2002)
= Ophrys arachnitiformis var. occidentalis (Scappat.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. arachnitiformis E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe, Text(1): 337 (1928) [non Gren. & Philippe]
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. arachnitiformis E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 287 (1908) [non Gren. & Philippe]
= Ophrys aranifera var. exaltata (Tod.) E.G.Camus; Jour. Bot. Paris 24: 7, 113 (1893)
= Ophrys exaltata Gren.; Mem. Soc. Emul. Dept. Doubs ser. 3, 4: 379 (1859) [non Ten.]
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. integra Moggr. & Rchb.f.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35: 11 (1869)
= Ophrys occidentalis (Scappat.) Scappat. & M.Demange; Orchidophile (Asnières) 36(165): 105 (2005)
= Ophrys sphecodes subsp. arachnitiformis Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 9 (1976 publ. 1977) [non Gren. & Philippe]
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. arachnitiformis H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980) [non Gren. & Philippe]
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. integra (Moggr. & Rchb.f.) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 380 (1986)
= Ophrys ×gallica Looken; Liparis 6.2 (extra number): 66, 65 (2000)
= Ophrys ×integra (Moggr. & Rchb.f.) Paulus & Gack; Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 79 (1990) [non Sacc. 1871]
variant :
var. marzuola
(Geniez, Melki & Soca) comb.ined.
Distribution: Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. marzuola (Geniez, Melki & Soca) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 165 (2007)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. marzuola Geniez, Melki & Soca; Monde Pl. 97(475): 27 (2002)
= Ophrys marzuola (Geniez, Melki & Soca) Soca; Flora Montiber. 78: 98 (2020)
variant :
var. pacis
(Benigni, Mandozzi & Stortoni) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: derived from O. holosericea var. gracilis x sphegodes subsp. sphegodes
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×pacis (Benigni, Mandozzi & Stortoni) Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 116 (2022)
= Ophrys ×pacis (Benigni, Mandozzi & Stortoni) Benigni, Mandozzi, Barigelli & Petroselli; Micol. Marche, n. s. 6(1): 44 (2022), isonym
= Ophrys ×aschersonii nothosubsp. pacis Benigni, Mandozzi & Stortoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 352 (2019)
variant :
var. splendida
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) comb.ined.
Name: Prächtige Ragwurz
Distribution: SE-France (Arles, to, Cannes)
12 FRA
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. splendida (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 718 (2005)
= Ophrys ×splendida Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Pl. Syst. Evol. 136 (1-2): 30 (1980)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. splendida (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Soca; Monde Pl. 97(475): 27 (2002)
variant :
var. tyrrhena
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) comb.ined.
Distribution: WC-Italy; W-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. tyrrhena (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 718 (2005)
= Ophrys ×montis-leonis O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchid. Eur. Ophrys-Hybr. 225. 196 (1972) (pro hybr.)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. montis-leonis (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Soca; Monde Pl. 97(475): 27 (2002)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. tyrrhena (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Del Prete; Del Prete & G. Tosi, Orchidee Spontanee d´Italia: 36 (1988)
= Ophrys ×tyrrhena Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Pl. Syst. Evol. 136 (1-2): 32 (1980)
species :
Ophrys araneola
Rchb.; Pl. Crit. 9: 22 (1831), Fl. Germ. Excurs. 140 (19) (1830)
Name: Kleine Spinnen-Ragwurz (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen); Switzerland; N-Spain; France; Italy; Sicily; Croatia
11 GER SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Andrena combinata, A. florivaga, ?A. lathyri
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys araneola subsp. ausonia (Devillers, Devillers-Tersch. & P.Delforge) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 167 (2007)
= Ophrys araneola subsp. illyrica (S.Hertel & K.Hertel) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 84 (2004)
= Ophrys araneola subsp. incantata (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 167 (2007)
= Ophrys araneola subsp. tommasinii (Vis.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 84 (2004)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. araneola (Rchb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 263 (1890)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. litigiosa (E.G.Camus) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 285 (1908)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. massiliensis (Viglione & Véla) Véla; Candollea 62(1): 120 (2007)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. tommasinii (Vis.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orch. 289 (1908) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys aranifera var. araneola (Rchb.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13/14: 89 (1851)
= Ophrys aranifera var. tommasinii (Vis.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 178 (1851)
= Ophrys argensonensis Guérin & Merlet; Orchidophile (Asnières) (133) 169-173 (1998)
= Ophrys ausonia Devillers, Devillers-Tersch. & P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 148 (2004)
= Ophrys clypeata Soca; Carnets Bot. 220: 20 (2024)
= Ophrys gravinensis D´Alonzo; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 100 (2015)
= Ophrys illyrica S. & K.Hertel; J. Eur. Orch. 34(3): 512 (2002)
= Ophrys incantata Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 147 (2004)
= Ophrys kallaikia C.E.Hermos.; Flora Montiber. 71: 134 (2018)
= Ophrys litigiosa E.G.Camus; Mem. Herb. Boissier 20: 49 (1899)
= Ophrys maritima Pacifico & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 770 (-772
= Ophrys massiliensis Viglione & Véla; Orchidophile (Asnières) 135: 13 (1999)
= Ophrys metaurensis Klaver & Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(1): 139 (2020)
= Ophrys minipassionis Romolini & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 772 (2011)
= Ophrys pseudospeculum var. araneola (Rchb.) Mutel; Fl. France 3: 255 (1836)
= Ophrys riojana C.E.Hermos.; J. Eur. Orch. 31(4): 881 (1999)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. araneola (Rchb.) M.Laínz; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid 40(1): 279 (1983)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. argensonensis (J.-C.Guérin & A.Merlet) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 115 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. ausonia (Devillers, Devillers-Tersch. & P.Delforge) Biagioli & Grünanger; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. litigiosa (E.G.Camus) Bech.; Beitr. Pflanzengeogr. Nordschweiz 46 (1925)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. maritima (Pacifico & Soca) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 7 (2015)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. massiliensis (Viglione & Véla) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 116 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. minipassionis (Romolini & Soca) Biagioli & Grünanger; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 7 (2015)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. riojana (C.E.Hermos.) Biagioli & Grünanger; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 7 (2015)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. tommasinii (Vis.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16 (3-4): 382 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Ophrys suboccidentalis J.-P.Ring, J.-C.Querré & Y.Wilcox; Orchidophile (Asnières) 215: 385 (2017)
= Ophrys suboccidentalis subsp. olonae J.-P.Ring & Y.Wilcox; Orchidophile (Asnières) 215: 391 (2017)
= Ophrys tommasinii subsp. araneola (Rchb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25 (3-4): 362 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Ophrys tommasinii subsp. litigiosa (E.G.Camus) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 383 (1973) [without basionym page]
= Ophrys tommasinii Vis.; Fl. Dalm. 3: 354 (1852)
= Ophrys virescens Soca; Carnets Bot. 220: 13 (2024)
= Ophrys ×olonae (J.-P.Ring & Y.Wilcox) P.Delforge; J. Eur. Orch. 51(3-4): 355 (2019)
variant :
var. argentaria
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 358 (2021)
Distribution: WC-Italy (Tuscany); ?Croatia
13 ITA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena fulvata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys araneola subsp. argentaria (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 84 (2004)
= Ophrys argentaria Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 99 (1991)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. argentaria (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. argentaria (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Biagioli & Grünanger; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
variant :
var. virescens
(Philippe ex Gren.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 358 (2021)
Distribution: SC-France; C-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys virescens Phil. ex Gren.; Mem. Soc. Emul. Doubs ser. 3, 4: 401 (1859)
= Ophrys araneola subsp. virescens (Philippe ex Gren.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 85 (2004)
species :
Ophrys argolica
H.Fleischm. ex Vierh.; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 69: 295 (1919)
Distribution: Greece (widespread peloponnisos, rare north of Gulf of Korinth, Attiki, Kithira)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Anthophora plagiata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. fallax Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. argolica (H.Fleischm. ex Vierh.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 907 (1926)
species :
Ophrys atlantica
Munby; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 3: 108 (1856)
Name: Atlas-Ragwurz
Distribution: S-Spain (Málaga); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Durieui. Pollinator Chalicodoma parietina
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys atlantica subsp. durieui (Rchb.f.) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 246 (1959)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. atlantica (Munby) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 250 (1928)
= Ophrys fusca var. atlantica (Munby) Coss.; Letourneux, Cat. Kabylie 75 (1861)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. durieui (Rchb.f.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 26 (1927)
= Ophrys fusca var. durieui Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 74 (1851)
species :
Ophrys aveyronensis
(J.J.Wood) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 329 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. aveyronensis
Distribution: SC-France (Aveyron)
12 FRA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Of hybridogenous origin O. fuciflora/holosericea x sphegodes
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aveyronensis (J.J.Wood) P.Delforge & D.Tyteca; Eur. Wildorch. 2: 110 (1981) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys aveyronensis (J.J.Wood) P.Delforge; Orchidophile (Asnières) 61: 582 (1984) [nom. inval.], et Guide Orchid. Eur. 189 (1984), nom. inval.
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. aveyronensis J.J.Wood; Orchidee (Hamburg) 34(3): 106 (1983)
subspecies :
subsp. vitorica
(Kreutz) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 49(3-4): 440 (2017)
Distribution: N-Spain (Navarra, Burgos, La Rioja)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys vitorica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 123 (2007)
species :
Ophrys basilissa
C.Alibertis, A.Alibertis & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 22(1): 201 (1990)
Name: Große Omega-Ragwurz (DE); Large Omega Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Paros, Herakleia, Patmos, Kalymnos, Neros); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Kos, Rhodos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae. Pollinator Anthophora subterranea (nigrocincta)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. basilissa (C.Alibertis, A.Alibertis & H.R.Reinhard) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 196 (2002)
= Ophrys omegaifera var. basilissa (C.Alibertis, A.Alibertis & H.R.Reinhard) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
species :
Ophrys benacensis
(Reisigl) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 108 (1975)
Distribution: S-France; Corsica; N-Italy; NW-Italy
12 COR FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Chalicodoma parietina. Of hybridogenous origin
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aurelia P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 70(3): 77 (1989)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. aurelia (P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 87 (2004)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. benacensis (Reisigl) P.Delforge; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 115(2): 276 (1982)
= Ophrys bertoloniiformis subsp. benacensis Reisigl; Orchidee (Hamburg) 23(4): 163 (1972)
= Ophrys saratoi subsp. benacensis (Reisigl) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 252 (1984)
= Ophrys ×pseudobertolonii var. aurelia (P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Hennecke & S.Munzinger; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 227 (2015)
= Ophrys ×pseudobertolonii var. benacensis (Reisigl) Hennecke & S.Munzinger; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 227 (2015)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. drumana (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 88 (2004)
= Ophrys drumana P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 69 (56): 188 (1988)
species :
Ophrys bertolonii
Moretti; Dec. 6: 9, in Brugn. Giorn. Fis. 2 (1823)
Name: Bertolonis Ragwurz
Distribution: C-Italy; S-Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; NW-Greece (Kerkyra, NW-Epirus)
13 ALB BIH GRC ITA MLT SIC SMA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Chalicodoma parietina, C. pyrenaica, Dasyscolia ciliata
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites bertolonii (Moretti) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 79 (1842)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. romolinii (Soca) Véla & R.Martin; Étude Cartogr. Prélim. Orchid. Sicile 91 (2015)
= Ophrys bertolonii var. ferrequinoides Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 281 (1986)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. bertolonii (Moretti) Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 11 (1869)
= Ophrys penedensis Diettr.-Kalkh.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 81 (1914)
= Ophrys romolinii Soca; Le monde des Plantes 96 (472): 11 (2001) [nom. nov. superfl.]
= Ophrys scolopax Ten.; Fl. Nap. 1: Prod. 53 (1811)
= Ophrys speculum Bertol.; Amoen. Ital. 201 (1804) [nec Link (1800)]
species :
Ophrys bertoloniiformis
O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 22: 117 (1971), pro hybr.
subspecies :
subsp. bertoloniiformis
Distribution: SE-Italy (Mte. Gargano southwards)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Chalicodoma benoistii. Hybridogen, origin Ophrys bertolonii x sphegodes s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites var. speculum Durazzo; (1804)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. bertoloniiformis (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Ophrys ×pseudobertolonii subsp. bertoloniiformis (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 367 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. explanata
(Lojac.) Hennecke & S.Munzinger; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 227 (2015), et Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 455 (2021)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: pollinator Chalicodoma sicula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys explanata (Lojac.) P.Delforge; Mém. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. 11: 18 (1989 publ. 1990)
= Ophrys bertolonii var. explanata Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 36 (1908)
= Ophrys bertolonii subsp. explanata (Lojac.) Soca; Monde Pl. 96 (472): 12 (2001)
species :
Ophrys biancae
(Tod.) Macch.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 13: 315 (1881)
Name: Biancas Ragwurz
Distribution: SE-Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator Eucera euroa. Hybridogenous origin O. oxyrrhynchos x tenthredinifera
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites biancae Tod.1842
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. biancae (Tod.) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys discors Bianca; Tod., Orch. Sicul. 84 (1842)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. biancae (Tod.) Galesi, Cristaudo & Maugeri; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 506 (2004)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. biancae (Tod.) Faurh.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 22(2): 7 (2006)
species :
Ophrys bombyliflora
Link; Schrader, J. für die Bot. 1799(2): 325 (1800)
Name: Drohnen-Ragwurz (DE); Bumblebee Orchid (EN); Orquidea abejonaflor (ES)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl.); Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Greece (C- & S-Greece, incl. most islands); Crete (widespread, incl. Gavdos); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya (Cyrenaica); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos, Rhodos, Kasos, Karpathos, Tilos); W-Turkey
12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT SIC SRB 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Bombyliflorae. Pollinator Eucera nigrescens
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites bombyliflorus (Link) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 91 (1842)
= Ophrys bombylifera Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 68 (1805)
= Ophrys bombyliflora f. buccheriana De Langhe & R.D´Hose; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 118(1): 70 (1985)
= Ophrys bombyliflora f. elongata A.Terracc.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 19 (1910)
= Ophrys canaliculata Viv.; App. Fl. Cors. Prod. 7 (1825)
= Ophrys distoma Biv.; Sic. pl. Cent. 1: 59 (1806)
= Ophrys hiulca Sebast. & Mauri; Cent. Rom. Pl. 13: 43 (1820)
= Ophrys insectifera var. biflora Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 320 (1799)
= Ophrys labrofossa Brot.; Phytogr. Lusitan. Select. 2: 29 (1827 publ. 1835)
= Ophrys picta Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 673 (1878)
= Ophrys picta subsp. nafarroana Robles & M.Becerra; Acta Bot. Malac. 46e10589: [4] (2019)
= Ophrys pulla Ten.; Fl. Nap. Prod. 1: p. 53 (1811)
= Ophrys tabanifera Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 68 (1805)
variant :
var. albarranii
P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna & Gómez-Montbl.; Flora Montiber. 61: 4 (2015)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. canariensis
(G.Kunkel) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 165 (2021)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bombyliflora subsp. canariensis G.Kunkel; Kanarischen Ins. Pflanzenwelt: 158 (1980), nom. inval.
variant :
var. parviflora
(Mifsud) Mifsud; J. Eur. Orch. 46(3/4): 684 (2014)
Distribution: Malta
13 MLT
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bombyliflora f. parviflora Mifsud; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4), 616 (2009)
species :
Ophrys bornmuelleri
M.Schultze; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ver. n. s. 13-14: 127 (1899)
Distribution: SE-Turkey; N-Iraq; Lebanon; Syria; Israel
34 IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator Eucera penicillata (syn. paulusi)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bornmuelleri subsp. carduchorum Renz & Taubenheim; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(6): 242 (1980)
= Ophrys carduchorum (Renz & Taubenheim) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71(3): 127 (1990)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. bornmuelleri (M.Schultze) B.Willing & E.Willing; Orchidee (Hamburg) 26(2): 78 (1975)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. bornmuelleri (M.Schultze) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
variant :
var. aramaeorum
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: SC-Turkey (Anatolia: Mersin, Adana, Hatay, Diyarbakir, Siirt)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. aramaeorum (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 99 (2004)
= Ophrys aramaeorum P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 228 (2000)
variant :
var. chiosica
(P.Delforge, Onckelinx & Saliaris) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 306 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys chiosica P.Delforge, Onckelinx & Saliaris; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 178 (2007)
variant :
var. ethemeae
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 306 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. ethemeae Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 291 (289-293
= Ophrys ethemeae (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
variant :
var. grandiflora
(H.Fleischm. & Soó) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 307 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; NW-Syria
34 CYP LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aphrodite Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 160 (2012)
= Ophrys bornmuelleri f. grandiflora H.Fleischm. & Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 26 (1927)
= Ophrys bornmuelleri subsp. grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Renz & Taubenheim; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(2): 276 (1983)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. bornmuelleri var.grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) B.Willing & E.Willing; Orchidee (Hamburg) 26(2): 78 (1975)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Faurh.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 22(2): 7 (2006)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. bornmuelleri var.grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Landwehr; Wilde Orch. Eur. 2: 472 (1977), nomen
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 35(4): 745 (2003)
= Ophrys levantina Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 17(3): 461 (1985)
= Ophrys levantina subsp. grandiflora (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 38(1): 127 (2006)
variant :
var. halia
(Paulus) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 307 (2021)
Name: Halia-Ragwurz (DE); Halia Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. halia (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 100 (2004)
= Ophrys halia Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18 (2) (2001)
variant :
var. heterochila
(Renz & Taubenheim) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 307 (2021)
Name: Dodekanes-Ragwurz (DE); Dodekanes Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Nisyros, Samos, Naxos, Kalymnos, Leipsoi); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: status uncertain, possibly also a hybridogenous taxon
Conservation Status: IUCN E (Anatolia)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. heterochila Renz & Taubenheim; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(6): 237 (1980)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. heterochila (Renz & Taubenheim) H.Blatt & W.Wirth; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 7(1): 7 (1990)
= Ophrys heterochila (Renz & Taubenheim) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 43: 94 (1990)
= Ophrys heterochila (Renz & Taubenheim) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991), isonym
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. halicarnassia H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 478 (1986)
variant :
var. mesopotamica
(Kreutz & H.Baumgartner bis) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 307 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia: Siirt, Sirnak); ?Syria
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. mesopotamica (Kreutz & H.Baumgartner bis) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 390 (2022)
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. mesopotamica Kreutz & H.Baumgartner bis; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 449 (2014)
= Ophrys mesopotamica (Kreutz & H.Baumgartner bis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
variant :
var. oreas
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) comb.ined.
Name: Profitis-Ilias-Hummelragwurz (DE); Profitis Ilias Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oreas Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 290 (2009)
variant :
var. pallidiconi
(Faurh.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 308 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. pallidiconi Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 43(3): 563 (2011)
= Ophrys bornmuelleri subsp. pallidiconi (Faurh.) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 395 (2022)
variant :
var. taloniensis
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 308 (2021)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. taloniensis Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 111 (2007)
= Ophrys helios f. taloniensis (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
variant :
var. toroslaria
(Kreutz, Gügel & Zaiss) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 308 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. toroslaria Kreutz, Gügel & Zaiss; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 286 (285-289
variant :
var. ziyaretiana
(Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 308 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Hatay); Lebanon; NW-Syria; N-Israel
34 ISR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bornmuelleri subsp. ziyaretiana (Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 89 (2004)
= Ophrys bornmuelleri var. ziyaretiana (Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 251 (2004)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. ziyaretiana (Kreutz & Ruedi Peter) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen; J. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 695 (2008)
= Ophrys pseudolevantina M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(2): 71 (2001) [nom. prov.]
= Ophrys ziyaretiana Kreutz & Ruedi Peter; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 104 (1997)
species :
Ophrys candica
(E.Nelson ex Soó) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 13(3): 349 (1981)
subspecies :
subsp. candica
Name: Weißglanz-Ragwurz (DE); Enamel Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (S-Peloponnisos, Kithira); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Kos, Rhodos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator ?Eucera ephippia
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys candica (E.Nelson ex Soó) Greuter, Matthäs & Risse; Willdenowia 15(1): 53 (1985), isonym
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. candica E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 165 (1962) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. candica E.Nelson ex Soó; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76(4): 368 (1978)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. candica (E.Nelson ex Soó) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid. 45 (1975)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. candica (E.Nelson ex Soó) Renz & Taubenheim; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(2): 276 (1983)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. candica (Greuter, Matthäs & Risse) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 37(2): 288 (2005)
= Ophrys holosericea var. candica (Nelson) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
variant :
var. lacaena
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 318 (2021)
Distribution: S-Greece (S-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys candica subsp. lacaena (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 89 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. lacaena (P.Delforge) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 723 (2005)
= Ophrys lacaena P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 239 (2004)
variant :
var. lyciensis
(Paulus, Gügel, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 318-319 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Kastellorhizo Isl.); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. lyciensis (Paulus, Gügel, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 724 (2005)
= Ophrys candica subsp. lyciensis (Paulus, Gügel, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 90 (2004)
= Ophrys lyciensis Paulus, Gügel & Rückbrodt; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 19-33 (2001)
variant :
var. minoa
(C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis) Paulus, Gügel, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 21 (2001)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys minoa (C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991) [fide Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001]
= Ophrys candica f. minoa (C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 261 (2006)
= Ophrys candica subsp. minoa C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis; Orchidophile (Asnières) 87: 111 (1989) [fide Kretzschmar & Eccarius 2001]
variant :
var. vanbruggeniana
(J.Essink, L.Essink & Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 319 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. vanbruggeniana J.Essink, L.Essink & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 220 (2010 publ. 2011)
= Ophrys vanbruggeniana (J.Essink, L.Essink & Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 19 (2015)
subspecies :
subsp. calliantha
(Bartolo & Pulv.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 89 (2004)
Distribution: Sardinia; SE-Italy; Sicily
12 SAR 13 ITA SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oxyrrhynchos subsp. calliantha (Bartolo & Pulv.) Galesi, Cristaudo & Maugeri; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 506 (2004)
= Ophrys calliantha Bartolo & Pulv.; Caesiana 9: 41 (1997)
variant :
var. cytherea
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 318 (2021)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys candica subsp. cytherea B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 718 (2005)
= Ophrys cytherea (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 91: 164 (2010)
= Ophrys lacaena f. cytherea (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 261 (2006)
species :
Ophrys chestermanii
(J.J.Wood) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20(1): 115 (1988)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator Psithyrus vestalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. chestermanii (J.J.Wood) H.Blatt & W.Wirth; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 7(1): 7 (1990)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. chestermanii J.J.Wood; Orchidee (Hamburg) 33: 67 (1982)
species :
Ophrys cilicica
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 45 (1923)
Name: Cilicische Ragwurz
Distribution: S-Turkey; N-Iraq; Iran; NW-Syria
34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. boissieri (Soó) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys aranifera var. boissieri (Soó) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 28 (1928)
= Ophrys kurdica D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 26: 164 (1975)
= Ophrys kurdica subsp. kurdistanica (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25 (3-4): 362 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Ophrys kurdistanica Renz; Fl. Iranica 126: 83 (1978)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. boissieri (Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 383 (1973)
= Ophrys mammosa var. boissieri Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 35 (1927)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. boissieri (Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16(3/4): 390 (1970 publ. 1971)
species :
Ophrys cornuta
Steven ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 370 (1809), in obs., et Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 2: 175 (1809)
Distribution: Turkmenistan (Kopet Dag); Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Turkey
32 TKM 33 ARM NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites f. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1903: 40 (1903)
= Ophrys arachnites var. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Fiori & Paol.; Fiori et al., Fl. Italia 1: 236 (1898)
= Ophrys bicornis var. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 698 (1882)
= Ophrys cerastes Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 234 (2004)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys insectifera var. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 13 (1869)
= Ophrys kopetdagensis K.P.Popov & Neshat.; Izv. Akad. Nauk Turkm. SSR, Biol. Nauk, 1982(4): 17 (1982)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
= Ophrys oestrifera var. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 378 (1933), isonym
= Ophrys orientalis subsp. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 65, 448 (1931), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orch. Eur. 270 (1908)
= Ophrys scolopax var. cornuta (Steven ex M.Bieb.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 99 (1851)
variant :
var. akcakarae
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 522 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Turkey (Anatolia: Diyarbakir, Siirt, Sirnak)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. akcakarae Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 38(1): 161 (2006)
= Ophrys aramaeorum f. akcakarae (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys akcakarae (Kreutz) Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 455 (2014)
variant :
var. akcaliensis
(Perschke) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Turkey (Cilicia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. akcaliensis Perschke; J. Eur. Orch. 40(2): 237 (2008)
variant :
var. balcanica
(Soó) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Austria; ?Slovenia; Croatia
11 AUT 13 CRO
Remarks: Pollinator Eucera longicornis (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys balcanica Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys cornuta subsp. balcanica (Soó) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 63 (1931)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. balcanica (Soó) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30(3): 378 (1933)
variant :
var. bicornis
(Sadl. ex Nendtv.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: Hungary; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece
11 HUN 13 BIH BUL GRC ROM SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. bicornis (Sadl. ex Nendtv.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 108 (2004)
= Ophrys scolopax var. banatica (Rchb.f. ex Pantu) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16 (3-4): 367 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Ophrys bicornis Sadl. ex Nendtv.; Pl. Quinq. Eccl. 35 (1836)
= Ophrys scolopax var. bicornis (Sadler ex Nendtv.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur.: 360 (1855)
= Ophrys cornuta f. banatica Rchb.f. ex Pantu & Procop.; Publ. Soc. Nat. Romania 2: 15 (1901)
variant :
var. bremifera
(Steven) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: S-Azerbaijan (Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (Nisyros, Tilos, etc.); Turkey; Iran
33 AZE 34 EAI IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bremifera Steven ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 370, in obs., et Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 2: 174 (1809)
= Ophrys oestrifera f. bremifera (Steven) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 32 (1928)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. bremifera (Steven) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 264 (1890)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. bremifera (Steven) Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 16(1): 54 (1999)
= Ophrys scolopax var. bremifera (Steven) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 100 (1851)
variant :
var. cephaloniensis
(Paulus) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: W-Greece (Kefalonia)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cephaloniensis Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 250 (2014)
variant :
var. ceto
(Devillers, Devillers-Tersch. & P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Naxos, Paros)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ceto Devillers, Devillers-Tersch. & P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 234 (2004)
variant :
var. cornutula
(Paulus) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Name: Kleine Gehörnte Ragwurz (DE); Small Horned Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (S-Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. cornutula (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys cornutula Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 38-86 (2001)
variant :
var. dodekanensis
(H.Kretzschmar & Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×dodekanensis H.Kretzschmar & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orchid. 18 (1) (2001)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. dodekanensis (H.Kretzschmar & Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid.: 109 (2004)
variant :
var. elbursana
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: N-Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. elbursana Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27: 227 (2010 publ. 2011)
variant :
var. grandiflora
(B.Willing & E.Willing) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 523 (2021)
Distribution: NW-Greece (incl. Ionian Isl.); Turkey
13 GRC 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cornuta f. crassicornis Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 259 (1928)
= Ophrys crassicornis (Renz) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 234 (2004)
= Ophrys dicipulus Valahas; African Plant Sci. 7: 305 (2013)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. grandiflora (B.Willing & E.Willing) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 177 (2007)
= Ophrys oestrifera var. grandiflora B.Willing & E.Willing; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 17(4): 528 (1985)
= Ophrys scolopax f. crassicornis (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16 (3-4): 367 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Ophrys scolopax var. grandiflora (B.Willing & E.Willing) Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 17(2): 61 (2000)
variant :
var. hippocratis
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys hippocratis P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 184 (2009)
variant :
var. hygrophila
(Gügel, Kreutz, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: SW-Turkey (Antalya, Konya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. hygrophila (Gügel, Kreutz, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys hygrophila Gügel, Kreutz, D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.; J. Eur. Orch. 29(4): 671 (1997)
variant :
var. isaura
(Renz & Taubenheim) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Name: Isaurische Ragwurz
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya, Icel)
34 TUR
Conservation Status: IUCN E, extremely threatened
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys isaura Renz & Taubenheim; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(6): 240 (1980)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. isaura (Renz & Taubenheim) H.A.Pedersen & P.J.Cribb; Field Guide Orchids Europe Medit. 303 (2019)
variant :
var. karadenizensis
(M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: N-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. karadenizensis (M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys karadenizensis M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 14(2): 18, 17 (1997 publ. 1998)
variant :
var. kassandra
(Presser, Z.Antonop. & Tenschert) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys kassandra Presser, Z.Antonop. & Tenschert; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 35(1): 180 (2018)
variant :
var. kreutzii
(W.Hahn, R.Wegener & J.Mast) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Karaman prov.)
34 TUR
Remarks: Pollinators Eucera nigripes, Eucera squamosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys kreutzii W.Hahn, R.Wegener & J.Mast; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 25(2): 168 (2008)
= Ophrys phrygia subsp. kreutzii (W.Hahn, R.Wegener & J.Mast) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 410 (2022)
variant :
var. lemnosiana
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (Limnos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. lemnosiana B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 727 (2005)
variant :
var. leptomera
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (Evvoia, Attica, Peloponnisos, Kiklades: Paros, Naxos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. leptomera (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys leptomera P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 192 (2000)
variant :
var. masticorum
(P.Delforge & Saliaris) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, ?Lesvos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys masticorum P.Delforge & Saliaris; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 177 (2007)
variant :
var. mattinatae
(Medagli, A.Rossini, Quitadamo, D´Emerico & Turco) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Monte Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. mattinatae (Medagli, A.Rossini, Quitadamo, D´Emerico & Turco) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys mattinatae Medagli, A.Rossini, Quitadamo, D´Emerico & Turco; GIROS Notiz. 51: 103 (2012)
variant :
var. minuscula
(G.Thiele & W.Thiele) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. minuscula (G.Thiele & W.Thiele) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 268 (2011)
= Ophrys cornuta var. minuscula G.Thiele & W.Thiele; J. Eur. Orch. 34(3): 646 (2002)
= Ophrys cerastes var. minuscula (G.Thiele & W.Thiele) Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
= Ophrys minuscula (G.Thiele & W.Thiele) Presser & S.Hertel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(1): 185 (2010), nom. inval., et Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 29(1): 245 (2012)
variant :
var. minutiflora
(J.Essink, L.Essink, Gügel, Kreutz & Zaiss) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. minutiflora J.Essink, L.Essink, Gügel, Kreutz & Zaiss; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 26(2): 53 (2009)
= Ophrys minutiflora (J.Essink, L.Essink, Gügel, Kreutz & Zaiss) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
variant :
var. minutula
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 524 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Chios); W-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. minutula (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. minutula (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 16(1): 54 (1999)
= Ophrys minutula Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21(4): 1055 (1989)
= Ophrys scolopax var. minutula (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 48(6): 235 (1997)
variant :
var. montis-gargani
(Van de Vijver & W.Van Looken) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Monte Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. montis-gargani Van de Vijver & W.Van Looken; J. Eur. Orch. 42(1): 167-180 (2010)
= Ophrys montis-gargani (Van de Vijver & W.Looken) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022)
variant :
var. mycenensis
(S.Hertel & Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: Greece (EC-Greece, N- & E-Peloponnisos, Evvoia, Skiathos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Pollinator Chalicodoma manicata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys mycenensis S.Hertel & Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 42(3-4): 457 (2010)
variant :
var. nestoris
(A.Alibertis & Brütsch) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. nestoris A.Alibertis & Brütsch; Orchidophile (Asnières) 191: 285 (2011)
= Ophrys nestoris (A.Alibertis & Brütsch) Presser & S.Hertel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 35(1): 149 (2018)
variant :
var. orientalis
(Renz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey; etc.
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys carmeli subsp. orientalis (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 381 (1973)
= Ophrys cornuta subsp. orientalis Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 205 (1929)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. orientalis (Renz) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. orientalis (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 5: 447 (1959)
= Ophrys orientalis (Renz) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2(2/3): 65, 448 (1931)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. orientalis (Renz) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 158 (1962)
variant :
var. orphanidea
(Saliaris & P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Lesvos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys orphanidea Saliaris & P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 177 (2007)
variant :
var. phrygia
(H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); S-Turkey (Antalya)
34 EAI TUR
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys phrygia H.Fleischm. & Bornm.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 36: 9 (1923)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. phrygia (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 727 (2005)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. phrygia (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) H.A.Pedersen & P.J.Cribb; Field Guide Orchids Europe Medit. 304 (2019)
variant :
var. rhodostephane
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: Croatia (Zadar south, Dalmatia); Montenegro; ?Albania; ?Greece (?Kerkyra)
13 CRO MNT
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. rhodostephane (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 109 (2004)
= Ophrys rhodostephane Devillers & Devillers-Tersch., Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid.17): 232 (2004)
variant :
var. sappho
(Devillers-Tersch., Devillers, Dedroog, Baeten & Flausch) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: Eastern Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sappho Devillers-Tersch., Devillers, Dedroog, Baeten & Flausch; Naturalistes Belges 91 (Orchid. 23): 245 (2010)
variant :
var. sepioides
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sepioides Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 233 (2004)
variant :
var. stavri
(Kalog., Delipetrou & A.Alibertis) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos, Attiki)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. stavri Kalog., Delipetrou & A.Alibertis; J. Eur. Orch. 44(1): 66 (2012)
= Ophrys stavri (Kalog., Delipetrou & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 95: 226 (2014)
variant :
var. ulupinara
(W.Hahn, Passin & R.Wegener) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 525 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ulupinara W.Hahn, Passin & R.Wegener; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 25(2): 176 (2008)
species :
Ophrys crabronifera
Sebast. & Mauri; Rom. Pl. Cent. 13, t. 2 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. crabronifera
Distribution: C-Italy (Tuscany, Latium)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. crabronifera (Sebast. & Mauri) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
variant :
var. virescens
(Sommier) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 413 (2021)
Distribution: Spain; S-France; ?Italy
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys crabronifera subsp. virescens (Sommier) Klaver & Kreutz; GIROS Notiz. 53: 4 (2013)
= Ophrys exaltata var. virescens Sommier; Isola Giglio 77 (1900)
= Ophrys igiliae Kreutz, Biagioli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022), nom. nov. for O. exaltata var. virescens
subspecies :
subsp. biscutella
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Klaver & Kreutz; GIROS Notiz. 53: 4 (2013)
Distribution: SE-Italy (Apulia, Calabria); Croatia (Dalmatia)
13 CRO ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. biscutella (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 85 (2004)
= Ophrys biscutella O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 21: 358 (1970)
variant :
var. pollinensis
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 414 (2021)
Name: Brillen-Ragwurz
Distribution: SW-Italy (Campania, Calabria)
13 ITA
Remarks: pollinator Anthophora retusa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. pollinensis (E.Nelson) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid.: 86 (2004)
= Ophrys argolica subsp. pollinensis (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 86 (2004)
= Ophrys crabronifera subsp. pollinensis (E.Nelson ex Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37: 719 (2005)
= Ophrys crabronifera subsp. sundermannii (Soó) Del Prete; Comp. Rend. Coll. S. F. O. 5: 62 (1982)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. sundermannii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 392 (1970)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. pollinensis E.Nelson; Gestaltw. Artb. Orchid. Eur. Mittelmeerl. 167 (1962)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. pollinensis (E.Nelson) Landwehr; Orch. Europa 2: 454 (1977)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. pollinensis (E.Nelson) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 130 (1975)
= Ophrys holosericea var. sundermannii (Soó) Landwehr; Orchid. Europa 2: 454 (1977)
= Ophrys pollinensis E.Nelson ex Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 352 (2000)
species :
Ophrys cretica
(Vierh.) E.Nelson; Gestalt. & Arth. Orch. Eur. & Mittelmeerl. 146 (1962)
Name: Kretische Ragwurz
Distribution: Greece (S-Peloponnisos, Kithira, Attiki, Kiklades); Crete (widespread)
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Melecta tuberculata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cretica f. albovirescens E.Klein; Orchidophile (Asnières) 34: 1136 (1978) [without latin descr. or type]
= Ophrys cretica var. albovirescens E.Klein; Orchidee (Hamburg) 29(1): 29 (1978) [without type]
= Ophrys doerfleri H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 185 (1925)
= Ophrys kotschyi subsp. cretica (Vierh.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid. 45 (1975)
= Ophrys spruneri f. cretica Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 164 (1916)
= Ophrys spruneri f. syriaca G.Keller; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys spruneri subsp. cretica (Vierh.) Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 109 (1932), et Fl. Aegaea 820 (1943)
= Ophrys spruneri var. cretica (Vierh.) Vierh. ex Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9(89): 907 (1926)
variant :
var. ariadnae
(Paulus) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 472 (2021)
Distribution: S-Greece (S-Peloponnisos, Attiki, Kithira, Kiklades: Kea, Kithnos, Siros, Naxos, Paros, Milos, Sikinos, Amorgos, Iraklia, Anafi); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos, ?Kasos, Paros, Naxos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: pollinator Melecta albifrons
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ariadnae Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 26 (34): 635 (1994)
= Ophrys cretica subsp. ariadnae (Paulus) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 130 (2002)
= Ophrys cretica subsp. karpathensis E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 146 (1962) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys cretica subsp. naxia E.Nelson; Gestaltw. Artb. Orchid. Eur. Mittelmeerl. 147 (1962)
= Ophrys kotschyi subsp. ariadnae (Paulus) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
species :
Ophrys dyris
Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 22: 65 (1931)
Name: Marokkanische Ragwurz
Distribution: S-Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca, Ibiza); Morocco; Algeria
12 BAL POR SPA 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae. Pollinator Anthophora atroalba, Anthophora balearica. Morphologically very close to O. fleischmannii, but polyploid
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys atlantica subsp. dyris (Maire) G.Keller; Monogr. Icon. Orchid. Eur. 2: 403 (1969)
= Ophrys dyris f. albina De Bellard, Calzado, Hervás, J.C.Huertas, Reyes Carr. & Ruíz Cano; Micobot. Jaén 14(1): [24] (2019)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. dyris (Maire) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orch. Eur. 2: 312 (1935)
= Ophrys fusca var. dyris (Maire) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 4: 659 (2001)
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. dyris (Maire) Del Prete; Webbia 38: 213 (1984)
= Ophrys omegaifera var. dyris (Maire) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25 (3-4): 361 (1979 publ. 1980)
variant :
var. algarvensis
(D.Tyteca, Benito & M.Walravens) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 268 (2021)
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. algarvensis (D.Tyteca, Benito & M.Walravens) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 110 (2004)
= Ophrys ×algarvensis D.Tyteca, Ayuso & Walravens; J. Eur. Orch. 35(1): 57-78 (2003)
variant :
var. fontinalis
(F.M.Vázquez) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 269 (2021)
Distribution: SW-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera var. fontinalis (F.M.Vázquez); Folia bot. Extremadur. 3: 280 (2009)
variant :
var. lenae
(Lowe & D.Tyteca) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 268 (2021)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×lenae Lowe & D.Tyteca; J. Eur. Orch. 44(1): 213 (2012)
variant :
var. maculata
(F.M.Vázquez) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 269 (2021)
Distribution: SW-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera var. maculata F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 705 (2008)
species :
Ophrys eivissa
Riech. & H.Kohlmüller; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 40(1): 119 (2024)
Distribution: Baleares
12 BAL
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, probably a variety of O. fusca
species :
Ophrys elegans
(Renz) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 13(3): 350 (1981)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: lesbis agg., pollinator Anthophora erschowi. Of hybridogenous origin
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. elegans (Renz) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 153 (1962)
= Ophrys gottfriediana subsp. elegans Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 206 (1929)
species :
Ophrys eleonorae
Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 100 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. eleonorae
Distribution: S-France; Corsica; Sardinia; E-Italy (Mte. Gargano); Algeria; Tunisia
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA 20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Iricolores
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca f. maxima A.Terracc.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 22 (1910)
= Ophrys fusca var. maxima (A.Terracc.) E.G.Camus & A.Camus; (1908)
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. eleonorae (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 48: 199 (1995) [comb. illeg., non Ophrys x eleonorae Devillers & Devillers-Tersch. (1994)]
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. eleonorae (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 103 (2004)
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. maxima (A.Terracc.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 48: 199 (1995), et J. Eur. Orch. 31 (2), 361 (1999)
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. vallesiana (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 48: 199 (1995)
= Ophrys vallesiana Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 373 (1994)
= Ophrys ×quitadamoi Medagli & Turco; GIROS Notiz. 47: 55 (-56) (2011)
variant :
var. hospitalis
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 220 (2021)
Distribution: Malta (incl. Comino Isl.)
13 MLT
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. hospitalis (P.Delforge) Mifsud & L.Lewis; J. Eur. Orch. 45(1): 117 (2013)
= Ophrys hospitalis P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 69 (2012)
variant :
var. lojaconoi
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 220 (2021)
Distribution: Italy (Mte. Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena nigroaenea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. lojaconoi (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 103 (2004)
= Ophrys lojaconoi P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 76(3): 289 (1995)
subspecies :
subsp. limensis
(F.M.Vázquez) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 221 (2021)
Distribution: SW-Spain (Extremadura)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. limensis F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 269 (2009)
species :
Ophrys episcopalis
Poir.; Encycl. Suppl. 4: 170 (1810)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Kos); SW-Turkey
13 KRI 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator Eucera cressa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys colossaea P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 214 (2006)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. maxima (H.Fleischm.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 382, 384 (1973)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. maxima H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 188 (1925)
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. colossaea (Delforge) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 173 (2007)
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. episcopalis (Poir.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 100 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. maxima (H.Fleischm.) Greuter; Boissiera 13: 185 (1967)
= Ophrys maxima (H.Fleischm.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 39: 79 (1986)
variant :
var. cerigona
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Hennecke; Beitt. Gatt. Ophrys 312 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (Kithira)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. cerigona B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 39(1): 115 (2007)
variant :
var. cyrenaica
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 312 (2021)
Distribution: Libya
20 LBY
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. cyrenaica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 106 (2007)
= Ophrys cyrenaica (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
variant :
var. helios
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 312 (2021)
Distribution: E-Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. helios (Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 100 (2004)
= Ophrys helios Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 33(3): 872 (2001) [fide Kretzschmar 2002]
variant :
var. libanotica
(H.Baumann & R.Lorenz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 312 (2021)
Distribution: Lebanon; W-Syria; N-Israel; W-Jordania
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. libanotica H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 724 (2005)
= Ophrys libanotica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
= Ophrys episcopalis subsp. libanotica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Véla & Viglione; Acta Bot. Gallica Bot. Lett. 162(4): 278 (2015)
variant :
var. saliarisii
(Paulus & Hirth) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 313 (2021)
Name: Saliarisi-Ragwurz (DE); Saliarisi´s Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys saliarisii Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 671 (2009)
variant :
var. samia
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 313 (2021)
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos: Monemvasia); ?East Aegaean Isl. (?Samos); W-Turkey; Israel
13 GRC 34 ISR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys episcopalis var. samia P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 205 (2008)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. oblita (Kreutz, Gügel & W.Hahn) Faurh., H.A.Pedersen & S.G.Christ.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 208 (2011)
= Ophrys luminosa Kreutz, Shifman & M.H.Schot; Orchids Israel 231 (2021)
= Ophrys malvasiana S.Hertel & Weyland; J. Eur. Orch. 41(2-3): 687 (2009)
= Ophrys oblita Kreutz, Gügel & W.Hahn; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 26(2): 55 (2009)
= Ophrys samia (P.Delforge) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 92(Orchid. 24): 203 (2011)
species :
Ophrys exaltata
Ten.; Cat. Pl. Hort. Neap. (1819) App. 2: 83 (s. str.)
Name: Hornissen-Ragwurz, Hohe Ragwurz
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Colletes cunicularius. Of hybridogenous origin
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites fuciflora var. panormitana Tod.; Orchid. Sicul. 75 (1842)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. exaltata (Ten.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 288 (1908) nom. illeg.
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. panormitana (Tod.) Véla & R.Martin; Étude Cartogr. Prélim. Orchid. Sicile 91 (2015)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. panormitana (Tod.) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 720 (2005)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. sicula (E.Nelson ex Soó) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 251 (1984)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. exaltata (Ten.) E.Nelson; Gestaltwandel 169 (1962)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. exaltata (Ten.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys panormitana (Tod.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 384 (1973)
= Ophrys sipontensis R.Lorenz & Gembardt; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 19(3): 472 (1987), nom. illeg., non Gumpr.
= Ophrys sphecodes subsp. sicula E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 193 (1962) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys sphecodes subsp. sicula E.Nelson ex Soó; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76(4): 367 (1978)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. panormitana (Tod.) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 194 (1962)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. panormitana (Tod.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 116 (2004), isonym
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sicula E.Nelson ex Soó; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 76: 367 (1978)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. tarquinia (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 117 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. sicula (E.Nelson ex Soó) Galesi, Cristaudo & Maugeri; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 505 (2004)
= Ophrys spruneri subsp. panormitana (Tod.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 383 (1970)
= Ophrys tarquinia P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 84 (2000)
= Ophrys trinacrica Del Prete; Comp. Rend. Coll. S. F. O. 5: 61 (1982)
variant :
var. praecox
(Corrias) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 377 (2021)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. praecox (Corrias) Véla; Orchidophile (Asnières) 176: 38 (2008)
= Ophrys panormitana subsp. praecox (Corrias) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 48: 204 (1995)
= Ophrys panormitana var. praecox (Corrias) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(4): 398 (2000)
= Ophrys praecox (Corrias) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 69(2): 100 (1988)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. praecox Corrias; Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat. 22: 325 (1983)
species :
Ophrys ferrum-equinum
Desf.; Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 10: 226 (1807)
Name: Hufeisen-Ragwurz (DE); Horseshoe Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Albania; Greece (lowlands except Northeast, incl. most islands); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); S-Turkey
13 ALB GRC 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae, pollinator Chalicodoma parietina
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys andrachnitis Bory & Chaub.; Nouv. Fl. Pelop. 62, t. 34 (1838)
= Ophrys corinthiaca Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ver. n. s. 13-14: 25 (1899)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. anafiensis (Biel) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. convexa (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 261 (2006)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. convexa B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 948 (2005)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. anafiensis Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 98 (2001)
variant :
var. gottfriediana
(Renz) Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 87-127 (2001)
Distribution: W-Greece (W-Epirus, Kefalonia, Kerkyra, Lefkada, Zakynthos)
13 GRC
Remarks: pollinator Chalicodoma parietina
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. gottfriediana (Renz) E.Nelson; Gestaltwandel 141 (1962)
= Ophrys gottfriediana Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 255 (1928)
= Ophrys spruneri subsp. gottfriediana (Renz) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. parnassica (Vierh.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. subtriloba Hayek
variant :
var. labiosa
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 241 (2015), et Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 427 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.; S-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. labiosa (Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 92 (2004)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. labiosa (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
= Ophrys labiosa Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 29(4): 683 (1997)
variant :
var. mavromata
(A.Alibertis & Triantafyll.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 427 (2021)
Distribution: W-Greece (Kefalonia)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys mavromata A.Alibertis & Triantafyll.; J. Eur. Orch. 47(2-4): 288 (2015)
variant :
var. minor
Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 98 (2001)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum f. minor (Biel) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
variant :
var. pseudogottfriediana
Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 246 (2014)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Ophrys fleischmannii
Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 388 (1926)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae. Pollinator Anthophora sicheli, Andrena hesperia, A. pela, A. spreta scirpacea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys funerea subsp. fleischmannii (Hayek) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 905 (1926)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. fleischmannii (Hayek) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 905 (1926)
= Ophrys heldreichii H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 182 (1925) [non O. heldreichii Schltr.]
= Ophrys lutea var. fleischmannii (Hayek) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 379 (1973)
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. fleischmannii (Hayek) Del Prete; Webbia 38: 213 (1984)
= Ophrys omegaifera var. fleischmannii (Hayek) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 25 (3-4): 361 (1979 publ. 1980)
species :
Ophrys funerea
Viv.; Fl. Cors. Sp. Nov. 15 (1824)
Distribution: S-France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; San Marino
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA SMA
Remarks: fusca agg., pollinator Andrena (Zonandrena) flavipes, A. flavipes, A. wilkella
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca f. funerea (Viv.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1903: 41 (1903)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. funerea (Viv.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. ed. 1: 662 (1882)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. funerea (Viv.) E.G.Camus; Icon. Orchid. Eur. 293 (1929) [comb. illeg.]
= Ophrys fusca subsp. zonata (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 96 (2004)
= Ophrys fusca var. funerea (Viv.) Barla; Fl. Illus. Nice, Orchid. 75 (1872)
= Ophrys fusca var. funerea (Viv.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1893: 350 (1893), isonym
= Ophrys lutea subsp. funerea (Viv.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] 23 (1895)
= Ophrys zonata Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 374 (1994)
species :
Ophrys fusca
Link; Schrader, J. für die Bot. 1799(2): 324 (1800)
Name: Braune Ragwurz
Distribution: Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; ?Sardinia; ?Italy; ?Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL COR FRA GIB SPA 20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Pseudophrys. Pollinator Andrena (Melandrena) nigroaenea
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites fusca (Link) Tod.; W. Schmidt, Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 98 (1793)
= Ophrys fusca nothosubsp. proxima (C.E.Hermos., Benito & Soca) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 250 (2009)
= Ophrys fusca var. lutea F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 257 (2009)
= Ophrys fusca var. maculata Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 281 (1986)
= Ophrys laetea Willk. & Lange; Prod. Fl. Hisp. 1: 174 (1861)
= Ophrys myodes Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyren. 2: 551 (1813)
= Ophrys tricolor Desf. ex Nyman; Consp. 699 (1882)
= Ophrys ×proxima C.E.Hermos., Benito & Soca; Estud. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Alava 15: 202 (2000)
variant :
var. akhdarensis
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) comb.ined.
Distribution: Libya (Cyrenaica)
20 LBY
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. akhdarensis B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 33(2): 691-725 (2001)
= Ophrys akhdarensis (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 251 (2004)
variant :
var. arnoldii
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: NE-Spain (Catalunya); Baleares (Ibiza); S-France
12 BAL FRA SPA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena nigroaenea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. arnoldii (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 101 (2006)
= Ophrys arnoldii P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 80(3): 247 (1999)
variant :
var. attaviria
(D.Rückbr., U.Rückbr., Wenker & S.Wenker) comb.ined.
Name: Attaviros-Ragwurz (DE); Attaviros Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Lesvos, Leipsoi, ?Samos, ?Chios, etc.); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. attaviria (D.Rückbr., U.Rückbr., Wenker & S.Wenker) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 93 (2004)
= Ophrys attaviria D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr. & D. & S.Wenker; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 7(2): 10 (1990)
variant :
var. bilunulata
(Risso) comb.ined.
Distribution: N-Spain; S-France; Italy (C- & N-Italy)
12 FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: pollinators Andrena (Euandrena) vulpecula, Andrena (Taeniandrena) wilkella, Andrena flavipes (Spain)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bilunulata Risso; Fl. Nice 463 (1844) [fide Paulus (2001)]
= Ophrys dianica M.R.Lowe, Piera, M.B.Crespo & J.E.Arnold; J. Eur. Orch. 33(2): 552 (2001)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. bilunulata (Risso) Aldasoro & L.Sáez; Fl. Iber. 21: 177 (2005), isonym
= Ophrys ×ambrosii Soca; Monde Pl. 90 (452): 10 (1995)
variant :
var. blitopertha
(Paulus & Gack) comb.ined.
Name: Käfer-Ragwurz (DE); Beetle Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Samos, Naxos, Chios, Rhodos, Pserimos, Tilos); SW-Turkey
13 GRC 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: pollinator Blitopertha lineolata (Coleoptera)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. blitopertha (Paulus & Gack) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 102 (2006)
= Ophrys blitopertha Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 181 (1998)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. blitopertha (Paulus & Gack) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
variant :
var. calocaerina
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: EC-Italy; ?Sicily; Greece (C- & S-Greece)
13 GRC ITA
Remarks: pollinator ?Andrena labialis. Late-flowering taxon
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. calocaerina (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 93 (2004)
= Ophrys calocaerina Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7,suppl.): 374 (1994) [fide Paulus 2001]
= Ophrys ×varinoi Soca; Caesiana 47: 41 (2017)
variant :
var. cesmeensis
(Kreutz) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 333 (2022)
Distribution: SW-Turkey (Cesme peninsula)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys attaviria subsp. cesmeensis Kreutz; Feldführer türk. Orchid. 202 (2003)
= Ophrys cesmeensis (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. cesmeensis (Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 93 (2004)
variant :
var. cinereophila
(Paulus & Gack) comb.ined.
Name: Schattenliebende Ragwurz (DE); Shadow Bee Orchids (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Evvoia, Peloponnisos, Ionian Isl.: Kefallenia, Zakynthos, Ithaki); Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (Amorgos, Naxos, Rhodos, Lesvos, Karpathos, Kasos, Chalki, Kastellorhizo, Pserimos, Tilos, etc.); SW-Turkey; Cyprus
13 GRC KRI 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: pollinator Andrena (Chlorandrena) cinereophila
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. cinereophila (Paulus & Gack) Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys cinereophila Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 170 (1998)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. cinereophila (Paulus & Gack) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 102 (2006)
variant :
var. clara
(Vázquez & S.Ramos) comb.ined.
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys clara F.M.Vázquez & S.Ramos; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 818 (2005)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. clara (F.M.Vázquez & S.Ramos) F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 710 (2008)
variant :
var. creberrima
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. creberrima (Paulus) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 174 (2002)
= Ophrys creberrima Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 168 (1998)
variant :
var. cressa
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Crete; E-Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: pollinator Andrena merula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. cressa (Paulus) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 178 (2002)
= Ophrys cressa Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 176 (1998)
= Ophrys phaidra Paulus; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 60: 101-151 (2007)
= Ophrys kedra Paulus; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 60: 101-151 (2007)
= Ophrys pallidula Paulus; Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 60: 101-151 (2007)
variant :
var. creticola
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. creticola (Paulus) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 182 (2002)
= Ophrys creticola Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 177 (1998)
variant :
var. delforgei
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-France (Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. delforgei (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 169 (2007)
= Ophrys delforgei Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 62 (2006)
variant :
var. distincta
F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 253 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. eptapigiensis
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Name: Sieben-Quellen-Ragwurz (DE); Seven Springs Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Rhodos, ?Karpathos); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. eptapigiensis (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 93 (2004)
= Ophrys attaviria f. eptapigiensis (Paulus) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys attaviria var. eptapigiensis (Paulus) P.Delforge; (2005)
= Ophrys eptapigiensis Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 38-86 (2001)
variant :
var. fabrella
(Paulus & Ayasse ex P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Baleares (incl. Mallorca, Ibiza)
12 BAL
Remarks: pollinator Andrena fabrella
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. fabrella (Paulus & Ayasse ex P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys fabrella Paulus & Ayasse ex P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 119 (-120) (2004)
variant :
var. forestieri
(Rchb.f.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Portugal; Spain (E- & N-Spain); Baleares; SW-France (Gers, Hautes-Pyrenees); Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; ?Albania; Greece (Kerkyra, S-Greece); etc.
12 BAL COR FRA POR SPA 13 BIH CRO GRC ITA SIC
Remarks: pollinator Andrena nigroaenea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys decembris S.Moingeon & J.-M.Moingeon; J. Eur. Orch. 43(1): 75 (2011) (fide Paulus 2014)
= Ophrys forestieri (Rchb.f.) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 44 (1909)
= Ophrys forestieri subsp. laureotica (Kalog., Delipetrou & A.Alibertis) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 52(2-4): 368 (2020)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. forestieri (Rchb.f.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. gackiae (P.Delforge) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. laureotica Kalog., Delipetrou & A.Alibertis; J. Eur. Orch. 43(2): 369 (2011) (fide Paulus 2014)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. lupercalis (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 101 (2006)
= Ophrys fusca var. forestieri Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: t. 464, f. 12 (1851)
= Ophrys gackiae P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 118 (2004) (fide Paulus 2014)
= Ophrys lupercalis Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 373 (1994)
= Ophrys ×pratesii Gennaio, Gargiulo, Chetta & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 433, et 61(1): 7 (2018)
= Ophrys ×socae J.-M.Lewin; Orchidophile (Asnières) 140: 17 (2000)
variant :
var. hespera
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Mte. Argentario); ?Croatia
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. hespera (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 169 (2007)
= Ophrys hespera Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 322 (2000)
variant :
var. japigiae
(Turco, D´Emerico, Dura, Gennaio & Medagli) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys japigiae Turco, D´Emerico, Dura, Gennaio & Medagli; Pl. Biosystems 156(2): 568 (2021)
variant :
var. kalirachiensis
(Paulus, M.Hirth & Dimadis) comb.ined.
Distribution: N-Greece (Grevena)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bilunulata subsp. kalirachiensis Paulus, M.Hirth & Dimadis; J. Eur. Orch. 48(1): 66 (2016)
variant :
var. leucadica
(Renz) comb.ined.
Distribution: Croatia; ?C-Greece; NW-Greece (Ionian Isl.: Kefalonia, Ithaki); ?W-Greece
13 CRO GRC
Remarks: pollinator Andrena fimbriata. Restricted distribution fide Paulus (2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. leucadica (Renz) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 184 (2002)
= Ophrys ×leucadica Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 265 (1928)
variant :
var. lindia
(Paulus) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 331 (2022)
Name: Lindos-Ragwurz (DE); Lindos Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. lindia (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys lindia Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 38-86 (2001)
variant :
var. lucana
(P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena labialis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. lucana (P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys lucana P.Delforge, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 264 (2000)
variant :
var. lucentina
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Spain (Alicante); SW-France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena vulpecula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. lucentina (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
= Ophrys lucentina P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 80(3): 253 (1999)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. lucentina (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
variant :
var. lucifera
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Malta
13 ITA MLT SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lucifera Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 322 (2000)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. lucifera (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
variant :
var. lutescens
F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 249 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. maghrebiaca
(Kreutz, Rebbas, Babali, Miara & Ait-Hamm.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. maghrebiaca Kreutz, Rebbas, Babali, Miara & Ait-Hamm.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 30(2): 195 (2013)
= Ophrys maghrebiaca (Kreutz, Rebbas, Babali, Miara & Ait-Hamm.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
variant :
var. malacitana
(M.R.Lowe, I.Phillips & Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-Spain (Malaga, Granada, W-Almeria)
12 SPA
Remarks: pollinator Colletes cunicularius
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys malacitana M.R.Lowe, I.Phillips & Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 42(3-4): 547 (2010)
variant :
var. marmorata
(G.Foelsche & W.Foelsche) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-Corsica; ?Croatia; Algeria
12 COR 20 ALG
Remarks: pollinator Andrena wilkella
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. marmorata (G.Foelsche & W.Foelsche) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys marmorata G. & W.Foelsche; Orchidophile (Asnières) (133) 177-178 (1998) [fide Paulus 2001]
variant :
var. migoutiana
(H.Gay) comb.ined.
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. migoutiana (H.Gay) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys ×migoutiana H.Gay; Mem. Assoc Franc. avanc. sci. Paris (1888) 502
variant :
var. minima
(Balayer) comb.ined.
Distribution: N-Spain; S-France; N-Italy; Croatia
12 FRA SPA 13 CRO ITA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena wilkella, A. flavipes, A. ornata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. minima Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133: 281 (1986)
= Ophrys sulcata Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 375 (1994)
variant :
var. obaesa
(Lojac.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: pollinator Andrena (Zonandrena) flavipes
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys caerulea Geniez & Melki; Actes Coll. S. F. O. 12: 51 (1991), nomen
= Ophrys fusca subsp. obaesa (Lojac.) E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 292 (1929)
= Ophrys obaesa Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 46 (1909)
= Ophrys ×rebuttonei Soca; Caesiana 47: 43 (2017)
variant :
var. ortuabis
(M.P.Grasso & Manca) comb.ined.
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena hypopolia
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. ortuabis (M.P.Grasso & Manca) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys ortuabis Manca & M.P.Grasso; Orchidophile (Asnières) 151(33): 81-86 (2002)
variant :
var. parvula
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Name: Kleine Rhodische Ragwurz (DE); Small Rhodian Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Kos)
34 EAI
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena tomora
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. parvula (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys parvula Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 38-86 (2001)
variant :
var. pelinaea
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Kos, Samos, Leipsoi, Ikaria)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys pelinaea P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 177 (2007)
= Ophrys meropes P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 184 (2009)
= Ophrys theophrasti Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 289 (2009)
variant :
var. peraiolae
(G.Foelsche, W.Foelsche, M.Gerbaud & O.Gerbaud) comb.ined.
Distribution: NE-Corsica
12 COR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. peraiolae (G.Foelsche, W.Foelsche, M.Gerbaud & O.Gerbaud) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys peraiolae G. & W.Foelsche, M. & O.Gerbaud; J. Eur. Orch. 32 (3/4): 403-455 (2000)
= Ophrys peraiolae var. rubra G. & W.Foelsche, M. & O.Gerbaud; J. Eur. Orch. 32 (3/4): 403-455 (2000)
variant :
var. perpusilla
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) comb.ined.
Distribution: W-Greece (Lakonia, Kiklades, W-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. perpusilla (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (-96) (2004)
= Ophrys perpusilla Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 249 (2004)
variant :
var. persephonae
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Name: Persephone-Ragwurz (DE); Persephone Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, ?Chios, ?Samos); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys persephonae Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18(1): 38-86 (2001)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. persephonae (Paulus) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 108 (2005)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. persephonae (Paulus) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
variant :
var. phaseliana
(D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Malta; Greece (Kiklades: Kea); East Aegaean Isl. (Paros, Kos, Samos, Kithira, Naxos, Amorgos, Astipaleia, Pserimos, Tilos); SW-Turkey
13 GRC MLT 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena similis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. phaseliana (D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 96 (2004)
= Ophrys phaseliana D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.; J. Eur. Orch. 28(2): 395 (1996)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. parosica (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 95 (2004)
= Ophrys parosica P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 76(3): 160 (1995)
= Ophrys parosica var. phaseliana (D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 247 (2007)
variant :
var. pintoi
(Lowe & D.Tyteca) comb.ined.
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Remarks: probably O. fusca x subfusca
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×pintoi Lowe & D.Tyteca; J. Eur. Orch. 44(1): 211 (2012)
variant :
var. pseudomigoutiana
(R.Martin, Véla & Ouni) comb.ined.
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys pseudomigoutiana R.Martin, Véla & Ouni; Acta Bot. Gallica Bot. Lett. 162(4): 259 (2015)
variant :
var. punctulata
(Renz) comb.ined.
Distribution: ?Montenegro; ?Albania; W-Greece (Kerkyfa, Ithaka, Kefalonia, Attika, Peloponnisos, C-Aegaean Isl.)
13 GRC
Remarks: pollinator Andrena flavipes (Paulus 2014). Was formerly treated as leucadica, name change see Paulus 2014. Ophrys "flavipes-fusca" sensu Paulus.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bilunulata subsp. punctulata (Renz) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 272 (2014)
= Ophrys ×punctulata Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 265 (1928)
variant :
var. rubescens
Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 281 (1986)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
variant :
var. sabulosa
(Paulus & Gack ex P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. sabulosa (Paulus & Gack ex P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 96 (2004)
= Ophrys sabulosa Paulus & Gack ex P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 114 (2004)
variant :
var. sancti-isidorii
(A.Saliaris, Saliaris & A.Alibertis) comb.ined.
Name: Sankt Isidors Ragwurz (DE); Saint Isidors Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Lesvos, Samos, Kos, Rhodos, Karpathos); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: pollinator Andrena flavipes (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. sancti-isidorii A.Saliaris, Saliaris & A.Alibertis; J. Eur. Orch. 42(2): 329 (2010)
= Ophrys bilunulata subsp. sancti-isidorii (A.Saliaris, Saliaris & A.Alibertis) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 272 (2014)
= Ophrys sancti-isidorii (A.Saliaris, Saliaris & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 19 (2015)
variant :
var. thracica
(Kreutz) comb.ined.
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys attaviria f. thracica (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. thracica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 102 (2007)
= Ophrys thracica (Kreutz) Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 289 (2009)
= Ophrys ×rueckbrodtiana W.Hahn; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(2): 125 (2007)
variant :
var. thriptiensis
(Paulus) comb.ined.
Distribution: E-Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena (Euandrena) bicolor
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. thriptiensis (Paulus) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 188 (2002)
= Ophrys thriptiensis Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 173 (1998)
variant :
var. vasconica
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) comb.ined.
Distribution: ?Portugal; Spain; S-France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: pollinators Andrena nigroaenea, Andrena flavipes
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fusca subsp. vasconica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 111 (2004)
= Ophrys vasconica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. vasconica O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 20(6): 258 (1969)
species :
Ophrys graeca
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) S.Hertel & H.Weyland; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 34(1): 182 (2017)
Distribution: Greece (S-Peloponnisos)
13 GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Status uncertain, possibly a variety of O. episcopalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. graeca B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 723 (2005)
= Ophrys lacaena f. graeca (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 261 (2006)
species :
Ophrys heldreichii
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 46 (1923)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, pollinator Tetralonia berlandi
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cornuta subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 248 (1930)
= Ophrys fuciflora f. pseudooestrifera Renz
= Ophrys heldreichii var. schlechterana (Soó) Soó
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) Hayek
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 65 (1931)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) E.G.Camus; Icon. Orchid. Europe, Text(1): 315 (1928)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. heldreichii (Schltr.) E.Nelson; Gestaltwandel 160 (1962)
variant :
var. pharia
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 534 (2021)
Distribution: Croatia (Hvar Isl.)
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys heldreichii subsp. pharia (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 98 (2004)
= Ophrys pharia Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 233 (2004)
variant :
var. polyxo
(J.Mast, M.-A.Garnier, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 534 (2021)
Name: Rhodische Gehörnte Ragwurz (DE); Rhodian Horned Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys heldreichii subsp. polyxo (J.Mast, M.-A.Garnier, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 173 (2007)
= Ophrys polyxo J.Mast, Garnier, Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Les Naturalistes Belges 86: 147-156 (2006)
variant :
var. pseudoapulica
P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 76(3): 176 (1995)
Name: Calypso-Ragwurz (DE); Calypso Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Leipsoi); W-Turkey
13 GRC 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: possibly a hybrid
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys calypsus var. pseudoapulica (P.Delforge) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 251 (2004)
= Ophrys heldreichii subsp. pseudoapulica (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 98 (2004)
= Ophrys calypsus var. scolopaxoides (P.Delforge) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
= Ophrys heldreichii var. scolopaxoides P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 76(3): 176 (1995)
variant :
var. pusilla
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 534 (2021)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys heldreichii subsp. pusilla B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 951 (2005)
species :
Ophrys helenae
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 251 (1928)
Name: Helenes Ragwurz
Distribution: Albania; Greece (NW-Greece, NW-Peloponnisos)
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 278 (1929)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 380, 383 (1973), without basionym ref., et Feddes Repert. 8517-8): 446 (1974), with basionym ref.
= Ophrys sphecodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76(4): 367 (1978)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. helenae (Renz) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid. 45 (1975)
species :
Ophrys holosericea
(Burm.f.) Greuter; Boissiera 13: 185 (1967)
Name: Hummel-Ragwurz
Distribution: +Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Hungary; France; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT BGM GER HUN LIE LUX NET SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, Pollinator Eucera longicornis, E. nigrescens. The highly disputed validity of the name O. holosericea was secured by lectotypification (Lewis & Kreutz 2022)
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites fuciflora F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 76 (1793)
= Arachnites oxyrhynchus Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 81 (1842)
= Epipactis arachnites (Scop.) F.W.Schmidt; Mayer, Phys. Aufs. 1: 249 (1791)
= Ophrys apiculata Rich.; Mem. Mus. Par. 4: 55 (1818)
= Ophrys apifera subsp. arachnites (Scop.) H.C.Watson; London Cat. Brit. Pl. ed. 25: 21 (1867)
= Ophrys arachnites (Scop.) Reichard; Fl. Moeno-Franc. 2: 89 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys arachnoides Andrews; Bot. Repos. 7: tab. 470 (1807)
= Ophrys arachnoides Peterm.; Flora 27: 544 (1844)
= Ophrys bombyliflora Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 702 (1826)
= Ophrys flavescens Sassenf.; Trierisch. Fl. ed. 3, 79 (1903)
= Ophrys fuciflora (F.W.Schmidt) Moench; Meth. Suppl. 311 (1802) [non Crantz 1769]
= Ophrys fuciflora f. tallosii Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (1-2): 173 (1973)
= Ophrys fuciflora f. triloboviridis Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (1-2): 173 (1973)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. apiformoides Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 282 (1986)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. carmeloides Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 282 (1986)
= Ophrys fucus J.P.Bergeret; Phytonom. Univ. 2: 65 (1784-1786)
= Ophrys holoserica f. chlorantha Lumare, Medagli, Dura & Anelli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 91 (2019)
= Ophrys holosericea var. bicolor E.Breiner & R.Breiner; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 13(2): 142 (1981)
= Ophrys holosericea var. flavescens (Rosbach) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 1975)
= Ophrys holosericea var. scolopaxioides P.Haffner; Faunist.-florist. Not. Saarland 28: 517-527 (1996) [not validly published]
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. arachnites (Scop.) Moggr. & Rchb.f.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35: 12 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. arachnites (Scop.) Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 12 (1869)
= Ophrys muscifera var. apiculata Rich. ex Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 187 (1825)
= Ophrys oestrifera Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 128 (1830)
= Orchis arachnites Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. II, 2: 194 (1772)
= Orchis fuciflora Crantz; Stirp. Austr. ed. II, fasc. 6: 483 (1769)
= Orchis fuciflora Haller ex Schrank; Baier. Fl. 242 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Orchis holosericea Burm.f.; Nova Acta Phys.-Med. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur., 4 (Appendix): 237 (1770)
variant :
var. aegirtica
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-France; SW-France
12 FRA
Remarks: holosericea agg., tetraloniae-group. Pollinator Eucera ephippia
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aegirtica P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 77(4): 205 (1996)
= Ophrys truncata Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 128 (1867), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. aestuariensis
(J.-P.Ring, J.-C.Querré, Biron & Fouquet) comb.ined.
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. aestuariensis J.-P.Ring, J.-C.Querré, Biron & Fouquet; Orchidophile (Argenteuil) 51(225): 166 (2020)
variant :
var. appennina
(Romolini & Soca) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Abruzzo, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Lazio, Liguria, Molise, Toscana, Umbria); San Marino
13 ITA SMA
Remarks: holosericea agg., ?tetraloniae-group, related to ssp. serotina and ssp. linearis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. appennina (Romolini & Soca) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys appennina Romolini & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 764 (2011)
variant :
var. brachyotus
(Rchb.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Switzerland; S-France; NE-Italy; Croatia
11 SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites var. brachyotus (Rchb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys brachyotus Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 128 (1830)
= Ophrys brachyotus Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 128 (1830)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. lorenae E.De Martino & Centur.; J. Eur. Orch. 34(3): 589 (2002)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. untchjii M.Schultze; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 631 (1907)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. lorenae (E.De Martino & Centur.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 101 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. medea (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 109 (2005)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. serotina (Rolli ex Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. untchjii (M.Schultze) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea var. serotina (Rolli ex Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys lorenae (E.De Martino & Centur.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
= Ophrys medea Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 48 (2004)
= Ophrys serotina Rolli ex Cortesi; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 8: 213 (1910) [fide Martino & Centur. 2002]
= Ophrys serotina Rolli ex Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 17(2): 23, 24 (2000) [fide Martino & Centur. 2002]
= Ophrys untchjii (M.Schultze) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(4): 398 (2000)
= Ophrys ×gerstlaueri A.Fuchs; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 388 (1917)
variant :
var. cinnabarina
(Romolini & Soca) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Abruzzo, Lazio, Toscana, Latium)
13 ITA
Remarks: holosericea agg., ?tetraloniae-group, related to ssp. serotina and ssp. linearis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. cinnabarina (Romolini & Soca) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys cinnabarina Romolini & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 767-768 (2011)
variant :
var. delfuocoi
(D´Alonzo & Perilli) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. delfuocoi D´Alonzo & Perilli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 65 (2018)
variant :
var. dinarica
(Kranjcev & P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy; Croatia (Dalmatinska Zagora)
13 CRO ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys dinarica Kranjcev & P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 32 (2004)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. dinarica (Kranjcev & P.Delforge) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3-4): 637 (2009)
= Ophrys holosericea f. dinarica (Kranjcev & P.Delforge) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 637 (2009)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. dinarica (Kranjcev & P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 99 (2004)
= Ophrys ×impresciae Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 667 (2014)
= Ophrys ×kranjcevii P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 254 (2006)
= Ophrys ×marcoi Benigni, Mandozzi, Monaldi, Barigelli & Petroselli; Micol. Marche, n. s. 5(2): 44 (2021)
variant :
var. druentica
(P.Delforge & Viglione) comb.ined.
Distribution: SE-France (Provence)
12 FRA
Remarks: holosericea agg., tetraloniae-group
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. druentica (P.Delforge & Viglione) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 174 (2007)
= Ophrys druentica P.Delforge & Viglione; Natural. belges 87 (Orchid. 19): 121-140 (2006)
variant :
var. gracilis
(Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy (Tuscany to Basilicata, ?Apulia); ?Croatia
13 ITA
Remarks: holosericea agg., holosericea s. str., pollinator ?Eucera clypeata. Possibly identical with ssp. tetraloniae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. gracilis (Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 129 (1975)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. gracilis Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 23(4): 160 (1972), without type, et Orchidee 24(1): 36 (1973) [with type]
= Ophrys fuciflora var. gracilis (Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 40(1): 57 (2008)
= Ophrys gracilis (Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 13(2): 9 (1996), isonym
= Ophrys gracilis (Büel, O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Englmaier; Abh. zool.-bot. Ges. Österr. 22: 140 (1984)
variant :
var. montiliensis
(Aubenas & Scappat.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. montiliensis Aubenas & Scappat.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 81(9-10): 297 (2012)
= Ophrys montiliensis (Aubenas & Scappat.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 243 (2012)
variant :
var. montis-aviarii
(O.Hirschy & L.Bennery) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-France (Provence)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys montis-aviarii O.Hirschy & L.Bennery; Orchidophile (Asnières) 203: 352 (2014)
variant :
var. paolina
(Liverani & Romolini) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy (N-Mte. Gargano)
13 ITA
Conservation Status: Very rare, known from only a few populations and threatened by grazing
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys paolina (V.Liverani & Romolini) Biagioli, Kreutz, V.Liverani, Romolini & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. paolina Liverani & Romolini; J. Eur. Orch. 42(3-4): 469 (2010)
variant :
var. personata
(P.Delforge) comb.ined.
Distribution: Italy (Umbria to Abruzzi)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys personata P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
variant :
var. pinguis
(Romolini & Soca) comb.ined.
Distribution: C-Italy (Abruzzo, Lazio, Toscana)
13 ITA
Remarks: holosericea agg., ?tetraloniae-group, related to ssp. serotina and ssp. linearis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. pinguis (Romolini & Soca) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys pinguis Romolini & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 766 (2011)
variant :
var. pseudoscolopax
(Moggr.) comb.ined.
Distribution: SE-France; S-France; ?NW-Italy; ?Croatia
12 FRA
Remarks: holosericea agg., tetraloniae-group. Pollinator ?Tetralonia crassa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites var. filiforme Risso
= Ophrys demangei (Scappat.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. demangei Scappat.; Bull. S. F. O. Rhône-Alpes 15: 88 (2015)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. linearis (Moggr.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. (1908)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. linearis Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35: 12 (1869)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. linearis (Moggr.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 101 (2004)
= Ophrys holosericea var. linearis (Moggr.) Landwehr; Orchid. Sauvages France & Europe 2: 472 (1983)
= Ophrys insectifera subvar. linearis Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35: 12 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. pseudoscolopax Moggr.; Verh. Kaiserl. Leopoldino-Carolinischen deutsch. Acad. Naturforscher (Novo Acta Physico Medica) 35: 12, Abb.: Farbtafel III, fig. 24-26 (1869), nom. dub.
= Ophrys linearis (Moggr.) P.Delforge, Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 153 (2000)
= Ophrys pseudoscolopax (Moggr.) Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 31 (2), 394 (1999)
variant :
var. shoufensis
(Addam & Bou-Hamdan) comb.ined.
Distribution: Lebanon (Lebanon-Syria, Western Asia, Asia-Temperate)
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. shoufensis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; Int. J. Bot. Stud. 3(6): 27 (2018)
species :
Ophrys icariensis
M.Hirth & H.Spaeth; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 22(4): 699 (1990)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Naxos, Herakleia); East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Pserimos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bornmuelleri subsp. icariensis (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Biel & H.Kretzschmar
= Ophrys argolica subsp. icariensis (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 85 (-86) (2004)
species :
Ophrys incubacea
Bianca ex Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 75 (1842)
Name: Schwarze Ragwurz
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA SIC SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Andrena morio
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites atrata (Rchb.f.) Tod.; Hort. Panor. 2: t. 28 (1875)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. atrata (Rchb.f.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. ed. 1: 660 (1882)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. atrata (Rchb.f.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 286 (1908), isonym
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. incubacea (Bianca ex Tod.) E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe, Text(2): 337 (1928)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. incubacea (Bianca ex Tod.) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 388 (1938), isonym
= Ophrys aranifera var. atrata Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 91 (1851)
= Ophrys atrata Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. t. (1807), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys atrata var. incubacea (Bianca ex Tod.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys biceratia Delile ex Nyman; Consp. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys cyanogramma Welw. ex Nyman; Consp. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys incubacea f. albina De Bellard, Calzado, Hervás, J.C.Huertas, Reyes Carr. & Ruíz Cano; Micobot. Jaén 14(1): [27] (2019)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. atrata (Arcang.) E.Mayer; Sezn. Prapr. Cvet. Slov. 387 (1952)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. atrata (Lindl.) Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcinon. 18: 9 (1976 publ. 1977), isonym
= Ophrys ×celani nothosubsp. hawkingi Gennaio, Gargiulo, Medagli & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(2): 392 (2016)
= Ophrys ×hawkingii (Gennaio, M.Gargiulo, Medagli & Chetta) Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 101 (2022)
variant :
var. brutia
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 394 (2021)
Distribution: S-Italy (Calabria); ?Croatia
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys brutia P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 84 (Orchid. 16): 74 (-75) (2003)
= Ophrys incubacea subsp. brutia (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys incubacea subsp. ionica Gennaio, Gargiulo, Medagli & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(2): 391 (2016)
= Ophrys ×foggicola Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 100 (2022), nom. nov. for O. incubacea subsp. ionica Gennaio et al.
variant :
var. dianensis
Perazza & Doro; J. Eur. Orch. 35(4): 726 (2003)
Distribution: Spain; Italy
12 SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: sphegodes agg.
variant :
var. fucifera
(Rchb.f.) Hennecke; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 33(1): 108 (2016)
Distribution:
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera var. fucifera Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 89 (1851)
variant :
var. rubriflora
(Rivas Goday) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 297 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. septentrionalis
Perazza & R.Lorenz; Orchid. Italia 318 (2013)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Ophrys insectifera
L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 948 (1753)
Name: Fliegen-Ragwurz
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Greece (very rare NW-Greece, SW-Epirus, Thracia, NW-Evvoia); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia (N-European Russia, C-European Russia)
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS
Remarks: subgen. Ophrys, sect. Ophrys (insectifera agg.), pollinator Argogorytes mystaceus, A. fargei and A. combinata
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites musciflora Londes; 78 (1805), nom. inval., nom. illeg.
= Arachnites musciflorus (Huds.) F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm. Cent. 1: 75 (1793)
= Epipactis myodes (Jacq.) F.W.Schmidt; Mayer, Phys. Aufs. 1: 248 (1791)
= Malaxis myodes (Jacq.) Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 315 (1800)
= Ophrys ambusta Picard; Zeitschr. Naturw. 77: 363 (1905)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. myodes (L.) Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 18: 232 (1780), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys insectifera var. elongata Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 10 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. fissa Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 11 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. myodes L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 948 (1753) [pro syn.]
= Ophrys insectifera var. proxima Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 11 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. purpurata Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 14 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. trollii Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35(3): 14 (1869)
= Ophrys muscaria (Scop.) Lam.; Fl. Fr. 3: 515 (1779)
= Ophrys muscaria (Scop.) Reichard; 89 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys muscifera Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson] ed. I, 340 (1762)
= Ophrys musciflora Haller ex Schrank; Baier. Fl. 242 (1789), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys musciflora Moritzi; Fl. Schweiz 503 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys myodes L. ex Jacq.; Misc. 2: 273 (1781) [nom. inval.]
= Orchis insectifera (L.) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. ed. II, fasc. 6: 481 (1769)
= Orchis muscaria Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. II, 2: 193 (1772)
= Orchis muscifera (Huds.) Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton Stirp. Chap. Allerton 7 (1796)
= Orchis musciflora Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 242 (1789)
= Orchis myodes (Jacq.) Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 315 (1800) [in syn.]
variant :
var. aymoninii
(Breistr.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 144 (2021)
Name: Aymonins Ragwurz
Distribution: SC-France (Aveyron)
12 FRA
Remarks: insectifera agg., pollinator Andrena combinata. Valid species according to molecular studies
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aymoninii (Breistr.) Buttler; Willdenowia 16(1): 115 (1986)
= Ophrys insectifera var. luteomarginata (L.Lewis) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 175 (2007)
= Ophrys insectifera f. luteomarginata L.Lewis; J. Eur. Orch. 38(1): 190 (2006)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. aymoninii Breistr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 128 (12): 71 (1981)
variant :
var. subinsectifera
(C.E.Hermos. & Sabando) comb.ined.
Distribution: N-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: insectifera agg., pollinator Sterictiphora gastrica (Argidae)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. subinsectifera (C.E.Hermos. & Sabando) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 4: 661 (2001)
= Ophrys subinsectifera Amardeilh; Orchidophile (Asnières) 27 (123): 149-154 (1996), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys subinsectifera C.E.Hermos. & Sabando; Estud. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Alava 10-11: 133, 135 (1995-96 publ. 1996)
species :
Ophrys iricolor
Desf.; Ann. Mus. Par. 10: 224, t. 13 (1807)
Name: Regenbogen-Ragwurz (DE); Rainbow Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Croatia; Albania; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (including Rhodos, Karpathos, Pserimos); Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel
13 ALB CRO GRC KRI TUE 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Iricolores. Pollinators Andrena morio, A. hesperia, A. nigroaenea, A. ocreata, A. spreta scirpacea, Anthophora sicula, Colletes cunicularis
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites iricolor (Desf.) Bubani; Fl. Pyrenees IV: 49 (1902)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. iricolor (Desf.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 261 (1890)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. iricolor (Desf.) O.Schwarz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 77 (1934)
= Ophrys fusca var. iricolor (Desf.) Rchb.; Deutschl. Fl. 13: 95 (1851)
= Ophrys fusca f. iricolor (Desf.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 22 (1928)
= Ophrys achillis P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 238 (2013)
variant :
var. astypalaeica
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 222 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Astypaleia Isl.)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. astypalaeica (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 103 (2004)
= Ophrys astypalaeica P.Delforge; Natural. Belges 78 (3) (Orchid. 10): 153-176 (1997)
variant :
var. mesaritica
(Paulus, C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 222 (2021)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Kefalonia Isl., Lefkada Isl., Kerkyfa); S-Greece (Kythera Isl.); S-Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: pollinator Andrena nigroaenea (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. mesaritica (Paulus, C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 104 (2004)
= Ophrys mesaritica Paulus, C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 22(4): 774 (1990)
= Ophrys iricolor subsp. mesaritica C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis; Orch. Kreta 79 (1989) [nom. prov.]
species :
Ophrys israelitica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20(3): 612 (1988)
Distribution: Greece (widespread Kiklades); S-Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel
13 GRC 34 CYP ISR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae. Pollinator Andrena (Zonandrena) flavipes
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. israelitica (H.Baumann & Künkele) G.Morschek & K.Morschek; Orch. Cyprus: 126 (1996)
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. israelitica (H.Baumann & Künkele) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 350 (2022), isonym
variant :
var. gharifensis
(Addam & Bou-Hamdam) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 263 (2021)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. gharifensis Addam & Bou-Hamdam; J. Ecol. Env. Sci. 7(2): 177 (2016)
species :
Ophrys istriensis
S.Hertel, Paulus & Weyland; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 33(1): 79 (2016)
Distribution: W-Croatia (Istria)
13 CRO
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri.
species :
Ophrys kotschyi
H.Fleischm. & Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 908 (1926)
Name: Kotschys Ragwurz
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Umbilicatae. Not related to O. cretica but belongs in the umbilicata group
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cypria Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 202 (1929)
= Ophrys sintenisii subsp. kotschyi (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 31 (1929)
species :
Ophrys lacaitae
Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 41 (1909)
Name: Lacaitas Ragwurz
Distribution: C-Italy; Sicily; Croatia (Vis)
13 CRO ITA SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, pollinator Eucera eucnemidea. Frequently included in O. holosericea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. lacaitae (Lojac.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. lacaitae (Lojac.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 382 (1973)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. lacaitae (Lojac.) W.Rossi; Inform. Bot. Ital. 13: 201 (1983)
= Ophrys oxyrrhynchos subsp. lacaitae (Lojac.) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 252 (1984)
species :
Ophrys lesbis
Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21(1): 19 (1989)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos); SW-Turkey
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: lesbis agg., pollinator Andrena curiosa. Of hybridogenous origin
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aegaea subsp. lesbis (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Biel & H.Kretzschmar
= Ophrys argolica subsp. lesbis (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. lesbis (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 721 (2005)
variant :
var. mandalyana
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
Distribution: SW-Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. mandalyana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 100 (2006)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. mandalyana B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 949 (2005)
= Ophrys lesbis f. mandalyana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
species :
Ophrys lucis
(Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) Paulus & Gack; Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 78 (1990)
Name: Rhodische Hufeisen-Ragwurz (DE); Rhodian Horseshoe Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Amorgos); East Aegaean Isl. (Kos, Nisyros, Rhodos, Simi, Chalki, Tilos); S-Turkey; NW-Syria
13 GRC 34 EAI SYR TUR
Remarks: lesbis agg., pollinator Anthophora ?mucida
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aegaea subsp. lucis Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 19(4): 922 (1987)
= Ophrys argolica subsp. lucis (Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 53(3): 345 (2002)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. lucis (Kalteisen & H.R.Reinhard) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 721 (2005)
variant :
var. atargatis
(Kreutz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 595 (2021)
Distribution: Syria
34 SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys argolica subsp. atargatis Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 97 (2007)
= Ophrys atargatis (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 16 (2015)
= Ophrys lesbis f. atargatis (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
species :
Ophrys lunulata
Parl.; Giorn. Sci. Lett. Sicil. 62: 4 (1838)
Name: Halbmond-Ragwurz
Distribution: Sicily (incl. Isole Lipari); Malta; ?Croatia
13 MLT SIC
Remarks: lunulata-hybridogenous agg., pollinator Osmia kohli
Conservation Status: IUCN Ex (Sardegna, Malta), V (Sicilia)
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites lunulata (Parl.) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 77 (1842)
= Ophrys aranifera var. lunulata (Parl.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 98 (1851)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. lunulata (Parl.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 289 (1908)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. lunulata (Parl.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
species :
Ophrys lutea
(Gouan) Cav.; Icon. Descr. 2: 46 (1793)
Name: Gelbe Ragwurz
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; S-France; +Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta (incl. Gozo Isl.); Albania; Greece (widespread C- & S-Greece incl. Islands, rare N-Greece); Crete; Algeria; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey; Cyprus
12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA KRI MLT PEL SIC 20 ALG 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Luteae. Pollinator Andrena cinerea (Sardegna), Andrena senecionis
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites luteus (Cav.) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 95 (1842)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. pseudospeculum (DC.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie 563 (1894)
= Ophrys aranifera var. flavescens M.Schulze; Die Orchid., Nachtr. Ber. 3 (1894)
= Ophrys aranifera var. flavescens St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Etude Fl., ed. 8, 2: 806 (1889)
= Ophrys aranifera var. pseudospeculum Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13/14: 89 (1851)
= Ophrys galilaea H.Fleischm. & Bornm.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 36: 12 (1923)
= Ophrys glabra Pers.; Syn. 2: 510 (1807)
= Ophrys insectifera var. glaberrima Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 321 (1799)
= Ophrys insectifera var. lutea Gouan; Fl. Monsp. 299 (1765)
= Ophrys lutea Biv.; Sicul. Pl. Cent. 2: 41 (1807), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys lutea subsp. galilaea (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9(89): 906 (1926)
= Ophrys lutea var. galilaea (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Hennecke; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 33(1): 164 (2016)
= Ophrys lutea var. galilaea (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16 (3-4): 390 (1970 publ. 1971) [nom. inval., without basionym ref.]
= Ophrys lutea var. grandiflora A.Terracc.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 29 (1910)
= Ophrys minor subsp. galilaea (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 39: 66 (1986), et Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 43: 106 (1990)
= Ophrys sicula subsp. galilaea (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 43: 106 (1990)
= Ophrys speculum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 219 (1841), nom. inval.
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. pseudospeculum (Schinz & Thell.) Braun-Blanq.; Cat. Fl. Aigoual 100 (1933), isonym
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. pseudospeculum (Schinz & Thell.) Kelh.; Fl. Kant. Schaffhausen: 74 (1920)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. pseudospeculum Schinz & Thell.; Fl. Schweiz ed. 3, 2: 72 (1914)
= Ophrys vespifera Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 24 (1800 publ. 1804)
= Ophrys vespifera Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 65 (1805) [nom. superfl.]
variant :
var. speculissima
F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 706 (2008)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lutea f. speculissima (F.M.Vázquez) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
species :
Ophrys mammosa
Desf.; Ann. Mus. Par. 10: 222. t. 12 (1807)
subspecies :
subsp. mammosa
Name: Busen-Ragwurz (DE); Bosom Orchid (EN)
Distribution: S-Croatia; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Thasos, Paros, Rhodos, Pserimos, etc.); S-Turkey; SW-Turkey; W-Turkey; Cyprus
13 ALB CRO GRC NMA 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinators Andrena subgen. Melandrena
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aegilica Engelen; Fl. Medit. 30: 281, figs. 2-3, 6-7 (2020) (tentative synonym fide Strid 2024)
= Ophrys albanica Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 32(2): 122 (2016)
= Ophrys aranifera f. oodicheila Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 248 (1928)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9(88): 907 (1926)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. parnassica (Vierh.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 907 (1926)
= Ophrys aranifera var. mammosa (Desf.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 89 (1851)
= Ophrys chaonica P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015), nom. nov.
= Ophrys ciliciana (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 17 (2015)
= Ophrys cretensis subsp. samica A.Alibertis; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 753-758 (2011)
= Ophrys eretriae M.Hirth & Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 52(1): 133 (2020)
= Ophrys gortynia (H.Baumann & Künkele) Paulus; Mitt. Arbeitskreis Heimische Orchid. Baden-Württemberg 20: 855 (1988)
= Ophrys grammica (B.Willing & E.Willing) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991)
= Ophrys grammica subsp. knossia A.Alibertis; Orchidophile (Asnières) 191: 285 (fig. 1) (2011)
= Ophrys hansreinhardii M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 39(3/4): 474 (2007)
= Ophrys hebes (Kalopissis) B.Willing & E.Willing; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(4): 159 (1980)
= Ophrys hebes var. negadensis (G.Thiele & W.Thiele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 97 (2004)
= Ophrys herae f. janrenzii (M.Hirth) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
= Ophrys herae M.Hirth & H.Spaeth; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 24(1): 6, 3 (1992)
= Ophrys herae subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 37(1): 176 (2005)
= Ophrys herae subsp. osmaniaca Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 279 (2011)
= Ophrys hystera Kreutz & Ruedi Peter; J. Eur. Orch. 30(1): 128 (prepr. 30 Sept. 1997) [nom. nov. superfl.]
= Ophrys janrenzii M.Hirth; Jahresber. Naturwiss. Vereins Wuppertal 55: 171 (2002)
= Ophrys knossia (A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 242 (2012)
= Ophrys leucophthalma Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 380 (1994) [fide Kretzschmar 2002]
= Ophrys mammosa f. parnassica Vierh.; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 69: 297 (1919), nomen
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. ciliciana Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 30(2): 275 (2013)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. gortynia (H.Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 726 (2005)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. grammica B.Willing & E.Willing; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 17(4): 523 (1985)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 177 (2007)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. leucophthalma (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 107 (2004)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. parviflora Kreutz & H.Heitz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 29(2): 149 (2013)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. posteria B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 725 (2005)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. serotina B.Willing & E.Willing; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 17(4): 525 (1985)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. ustulata G.Thiele & W.Thiele; J. Eur. Orch. 39: 279 (2007)
= Ophrys montenegrina (H.Baumann & Künkele) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 101 (1991)
= Ophrys negadensis G. & W.Thiele; J. Eur. Orch. 33(3): 897 (2001)
= Ophrys osmaniaca (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
= Ophrys paphlagonica (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
= Ophrys posteria (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 162 (2012)
= Ophrys prespaensis M.Hirth & Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 49(2): 284 (2017)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. gortynia H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 377 (1986)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. grammica (B.Willing & E.Willing) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 116 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. hebes Kalopissis; Sci. Ann. Forest Univ. 133 (1975)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. herae (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 116 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. janrenzii (M.Hirth) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 101 (2006)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soó ex E.Nelson; Gestaltwandel 184 (1962)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. montenegrina H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20(3): 623 (1988)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. oodicheila (Renz) Riech.; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 533 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. parnassica (Vierh.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 5: 444 (1959) ex J. J. Wood, Orchidee 31(6): 233 (1980)
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. paphlagonica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 119 (2007)
= Ophrys ustulata (G.Thiele & W.Thiele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 19 (2015)
= Ophrys willingii Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 49(2): 270 (2017)
= Ophrys ×montana H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 474 (1986)
= Ophrys ×zagoriana G. & W.Thiele; J. Eur. Orch. 34(3): 642 (2002)
variant :
var. cretensis
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 389 (2021)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Pollinator Andrena vachali
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys araneola subsp. cretensis (H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 84 (2004)
= Ophrys cretensis (H.Baumann & Künkele) Paulus; Mitt. Arbeitskreis Heimische Orchid. Baden-Württemberg 20: 855 (1988)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. cretensis H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 375 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. cyclocheila
(Aver.) Baumann et al.; J. Eur. Orch. 35(1): 172 (2003)
Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys araneifera var. cyclocheila (Nevski) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 388 (1938) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. caucasica (Woronow) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 388 (1938)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 263 (1890)
= Ophrys aranifera var. taurica Aggeenko; Schrift. St. Peters. Naturf. Ges. 291 (1886-87)
= Ophrys caucasica f. cyclocheila Nevski; Fl. URSS 4: 728 (1935) [nom. inval., descr. ross.]
= Ophrys caucasica subsp. cyclocheila Aver.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad)79(10): 124 (1994), et Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 11(2): 36 (1994 publ. 1995)
= Ophrys caucasica var. cyclocheila Nevski ex Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] 2: 231 (1940) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys caucasica Woronow; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 8: III. 70 (1908) ex Grossh., Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] 1: 261 (1928)
= Ophrys cyclocheila (Aver.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
= Ophrys cyclocheila Nevski ex Nevski; Fl. URSS 4: 728 (1935) [nom. inval., pro syn.
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. caucasica (Woronow ex Grossh.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 383 (1973)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85: 446 (1974)
= Ophrys sphegodes f. cyclocheila (Nevski) Soó; Ann. Univ. Scient. Budapest 11: 172 (1969) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. caucasica (Woronow ex Grossh.) Soó; Ann. Univ. Sci. Budap., Sect. Biol. 11: 72 (1969)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica (Aggeenko) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16(3/4): 383 (1970) ex Niketic & Djordjevic, Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Belgrade 11: 106 (2018)
= Ophrys taurica (Agg.) Nevski; Komarov, Fl. URSS 4: 728 (1935)
subspecies :
subsp. mouterdeana
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(2): 263, 264 (2005)
Distribution: Lebanon; Syria; Israel; Jordania
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys doerfleri subsp. mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 49(2): 253 (2017)
= Ophrys mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
= Ophrys palaestinae Kreutz & Shifman; Orchids Israel 287 (2021)
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. mouterdeana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 110 (2005)
species :
Ophrys mavrochila
S.Hertel & Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 35(1): 141 (2018)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Ophrys melitensis
(Salk.) Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 380 (1994)
Distribution: Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl.)
13 MLT
Remarks: lunulata-hybridogenous agg., pollinator Chalicodoma sicula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. melitensis Salk.; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 24(4): 633, 640 (1992)
species :
Ophrys mirabilis
Geniez & Melki; Orchidophile (Asnières) 98: 164, 162 (1991)
Distribution: Sicily; Algeria; +Tunisia
13 SIC 20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys atlantica subsp. hayekii (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 5: 440 (1959)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. hayekii H.Fleischm. & Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 26 (1927)
= Ophrys hayekii H.Fleischm. & Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 26 (1927 publ. 1928), nomen
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. hayekii (H.Fleischm. & Soó) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 111 (2004)
species :
Ophrys morisii
(Martelli) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 157 (1950)
Name: Moris´ Ragwurz
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Anthophora sicheli. Of hybridogenous origin, triploid
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera var. morisii Martelli; Monocot. Sardoae 1: 62 (1896)
= Ophrys argolica subsp. morisii (Martelli) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 86 (2004)
= Ophrys crabronifera subsp. morisii (Martelli) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37: 719 (2005)
= Ophrys exaltata subsp. morisii (Martelli) Del Prete; Webbia 37: 251 (1984)
= Ophrys ×morisii (Martelli) G.Keller & Soó; Keller, Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 42 (1931)
species :
Ophrys murbeckii
H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 183 (1925)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Luteae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys galilaea subsp. murbeckii (H.Fleischm.) Del Prete; Webbia 38: 213 (1984)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. murbeckii (H.Fleischm.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 25 (1927)
variant :
var. aspea
(Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 204 (2021)
Distribution: Tunisia (Cap Bon); Libya
20 LBY TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aspea Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 297 (2000)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. aspea (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 102 (2006)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. aspea (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Faurh.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 20(1): 83 (2003), comb. inval., et J. Eur. Orch. 41(1): 194 (2009)
variant :
var. quarteirae
(Kreutz, M.R.Lowe & Wucherpf.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 205 (2021)
Distribution: S-Portugal; Spain (S- & SC-Spain); ?Baleares
12 POR SPA
Remarks: pollinator Andrena cf. vetula (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys murbeckii subsp. quarteirae (Kreutz, M.R.Lowe & Wucherpf.) M.R.Lowe; J. Eur. Orch. 43(3): 462 (2011)
= Ophrys lutea var. quarteirae (Kreutz, M.R.Lowe & Wucherpf.) F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 711 (2008)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. quarteirae Kreutz, M.R.Lowe & Wucherpf.; J. Eur. Orch. 39(3/4): 627 (2007)
= Ophrys quarteirae (Kreutz, M.R.Lowe & Wucherpf.) Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 159 (2013)
species :
Ophrys omegaifera
H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 184 (1925)
Name: Omega-Ragwurz (DE); Omega Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (rare SE-Attiki, Sporades, Skiros); Crete (scattered); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); SW-Turkey; Jordania
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI JOR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Omegaiferae. Pollinator Andrena flavipes, A. hesperia, A. pela, Anthophora atroalba, Anthophora nigriceps
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apollonae Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 647 (2009)
= Ophrys fusca f. omegaifera (H.Fleischm.) Renz; K. H. Rechinger, Fl. Aegaea 817 (1943)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. omegaifera (H.Fleischm.) E.Nelson; Gestaltwandel 209 (1962)
= Ophrys iricolora f. omegaifera (H.Fleischm.) Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 110 (1932)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. omegaifera (H.Fleischm.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9(89): 906 (1926)
= Ophrys omegaifera subsp. gharifensis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; Journal of Botanical Research 4(1): 25 (2013)
= Ophrys polycratis P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 205 (2008)
= Ophrys scyria P.Delforge & Onckelinx; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 238 (2013) (tentative synonym)
species :
Ophrys oxyrrhynchos
Tod.; Imparziale Giorn. Sci. Lett. Art. 74 (1840)
Name: Schnabel-Ragwurz
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily; Malta
13 ITA MLT SIC
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Tod.; Orchid. Sic. 81 (1842), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys arachnites f. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1903: 39 (1903)
= Ophrys arachnites subsp. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. ed. 1: 661 (1882)
= Ophrys arachnites subsp. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 26 (1927)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. oxyrrhynchos (Tod.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys ingrassiae (Dura, Turco, Gennaio & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Dura, Turco, Gennaio, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022)
= Ophrys nicotrae Zodda; Malpighia 14: 183 (1900)
= Ophrys oxyrrhynchos subsp. ingrassiae Dura, Turco, Gennaio & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 46: 37 (-39) (2011)
species :
Ophrys pallida
Raf.; Caratt. 87 (1810)
Name: Bleiche Ragwurz
Distribution: W-Sicily; Malta; E-Algeria; Tunisia
13 MLT SIC 20 ALG TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Pallidae. Pollinator Andrena orbitalis. A morphologically very distinct taxon
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites pallidus (Raf.) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 100 (1842)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. pallida (Raf.) E.G.Camus; Icon. Orchid. Eur. 293 (1842)
= Ophrys fusca var. pallida (Raf.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 73, 75 (1851)
= Ophrys rosea (Desf.) Dufour; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 7: 170 (1860)
= Ophrys rosea (Desf.) G.Samp.; Terc. Apend. Lista Espec. Herb. Portug. 5 (1914), isonym
= Ophrys rosea (Desf.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 77 (1882)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. pectus (Mutel) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 108 (2005)
= Ophrys pectus Mutel; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 3: 242 (1835)
= Ophrys intermedia Tineo ex Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 45 (1909)
species :
Ophrys parvimaculata
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Paulus & Gack; Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 78 (1990)
Distribution: C-Italy; SE-Italy (Mte. Gargano to Lecce); Croatia (Istria: Bale, Rovinj)
13 CRO ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Bornmuelleri. Pollinator Eucera nigrescens
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holoserica subsp. parvimaculata (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 129 (1975)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. parvimaculata O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 21(1): 21 (1970)
= Ophrys peucetiae Lozito, D´Emerico, Medagli & Turco; GIROS Notiz. 2: 6 (2012)
species :
Ophrys passionis
Sennen; Pl. Espagne no. 5881 (1926) et Treb. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Barcelona 15: Ser. Bot. No. 1, 35 (1931) ex Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers, Nat. Belg. 75 ("Orchidees" no. 7, suppl.): 379 (1994)
Distribution: NE-Spain; S-France; ?NW-Italy
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnitiformis var. passionis (Sennen) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 87(Orchid. 19): 260 (2006)
= Ophrys garganica subsp. passionis (Sennen ex Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 31 (2), 375 (1999)
variant :
var. castri-caesaris
(Looken) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 363 (2021)
Distribution: SE-France (Alpes Maritimes); NW-Italy (Liguria)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys garganica subsp. castri-caesaris (Looken) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 171 (2007)
= Ophrys incubacea subsp. castri-caesaris Van Looken; Liparis 11: 58 (2005)
= Ophrys passionis subsp. castri-caesaris (Van Looken) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 109 (2005)
= Ophrys ligustica Romolini & Soca; J. Eur. Orch. 43(4): 773-774 (2011), nom. nov. superfl.
variant :
var. garganica
(E.Nelson ex O.Danesch & E.Danesch) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
Name: Gargano-Ragwurz
Distribution: Sardinia; C-Italy; S-Italy; Sicily; Croatia (Korcula Isl.)
12 SAR 13 CRO ITA SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys garganica E.Nelson ex O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124: 94 (1975)
= Ophrys garganica E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 195 (1962)
= Ophrys incubacea subsp. garganica (E.Nelson ex O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Galesi, Cristaudo & Maugeri; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 505 (2004)
= Ophrys passionis subsp. garganica (E.Nelson ex O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 109 (2005)
= Ophrys passionis subsp. garganica E.Nelson ex H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 727 (2005)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. garganica E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 195 (1962), nomen
variant :
var. majellensis
(Herm.Daiss & Helga Daiss) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 364 (2021)
Distribution: C-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. majellensis Herm.Daiss & Helga Daiss; J. Eur. Orch. 28: 614 (1996 publ. 1997)
= Ophrys garganica subsp. majellensis (Helga Daiss & Herm.Daiss) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 96 (2004)
= Ophrys majellensis (Herm.Daiss & Helga Daiss) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 79(3): 104 (1998)
= Ophrys passionis subsp. majellensis (Helga Daiss & Herm.Daiss) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 109 (2005), isonym
= Ophrys passionis subsp. majellensis (Herm.Daiss & Helga Daiss) Romolini & Soca; Caesiana 15: 23 (2000)
variant :
var. pseudoatrata
(S.Hertel & Presser) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 364 (2021)
Distribution: Italy (Basilicata, Potenza)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys garganica subsp. pseudoatrata (S.Hertel & Presser) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 172 (2007)
= Ophrys passionis subsp. pseudoatrata (S.Hertel & Presser) Biagioli & Grünanger; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 6 (2015)
= Ophrys pseudoatrata S.Hertel & Presser; J. Eur. Orch. 38(3): 516 (2006)
species :
Ophrys phryganae
Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 100 (1991)
Name: Phrygana-Ragwurz (DE); Phrygana Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: S-France (Cevennes); Sardinia; S-Italy; ?Croatia; Greece; Crete (sensu stricto); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos, Rhodos)
12 FRA SAR 13 GRC ITA KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Luteae. Of hybridogenous origin O. lutea x sicula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lutea subsp. phryganae (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Melki; Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch. 6 (14e Colloque Peris 1999): 51 (2000)
variant :
var. ambrae
(Soca) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 61 (2019)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×ambrae Soca; Caesiana 47: 48 (2017)
variant :
var. barbarae
(Gennaio) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 60 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ×barbarae Gennaio; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 422 (2017)
variant :
var. corsica
(Soleirol ex G. & W.Foelsche) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 270 (2017)
Distribution: ?S-France; Corsica; Sardinia; ?Malta
12 COR SAR
Remarks: pollinator Andrena cinerea (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys corsica Soleirol ex G. & W.Foelsche; J. Eur. Orch. 34(4): 823-885 (2002)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. corsica (Soleirol ex G.Foelsche & W.Foelsche) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 176 (2007)
variant :
var. hellenica
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 270 (2017)
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily; Greece (Kefalonia, Attika, Epirus, Ionian Isl.); N-Algeria
13 GRC ITA SIC 20 ALG
Remarks: pollinator Andrena nigroolivacea (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys hellenica Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 158 (2013)
species :
Ophrys promontorii
O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 22(6): 258 (1971)
Distribution: EC-Italy (Mte. Gargano, Abruzzi)
13 ITA
Remarks: lunulata-hybridogenous agg., pollinator Osmia mustelina
species :
Ophrys regis-ferdinandii
(Acht. & Kellerer ex Kuzmanov) Buttler; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 36: 47 (1983)
Name: König-Ferdinand-Ragwurz (DE); King Ferdinands Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos, Lipsi, Agathonisi, Kalimnos, Leros, Tilos, Simi, Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Speculum. Pollinator Argogorytes fargeii
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ciliata subsp. regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) H.Baumann, Künkele & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 572 (2004)
= Ophrys speculum f. regis-ferdinandii Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105 1: 819 (1943)
= Ophrys speculum subsp. regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16(3-4): 390 (1971)
= Ophrys speculum subsp. regis-ferdinandii Acht. & Kellerer; Izv. Carsk. Prirod. Inst. Sofija 12: 206 (1939) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys speculum subsp. regis-ferdinandii-coburgii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) Acht. & Kellerer ex Kuzmanov; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 17(2): 194 (1971)
= Ophrys speculum var. regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Renz) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 5: 439 (1959)
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. regis-ferdinandii (Acht. & Kellerer ex Kuzmanov) Renz & Taubenheim; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(2): 277 (1983)
species :
Ophrys reinholdii
Spruner ex H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 57: 5, 74 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. reinholdii
Name: Reinholds Ragwurz (DE); Reinholds Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (scattered mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kithira, Naxos, Siros); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Nisyros, Tilos, Rhodos); SW-Turkey; Iraq
13 ALB GRC NMA 34 EAI IRQ TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Eupavlovskia obscura
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys spruneri var. reinholdii (Spruner ex Fleischm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 698 (1882)
= Ophrys naxensis Rech.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 43: 333 (1929), nomen
= Ophrys reinholdii f. albovirescens B.Willing & E.Willing; Orchidophile (Asnières) 72: 1099 (1986)
= Ophrys reinhardiorum Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 25(1): 19 (2008) (tentative synonym)
subspecies :
subsp. leucotaenia
Renz & Taubenheim; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(6): 238 (1980)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys bingoelensis Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 26(2): 40 (2019)
= Ophrys reinholdii var. leucotaenia (Renz & Taubenheim) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 426 (2022)
= Ophrys straussii f. leucotaenia (Renz & Taubenheim) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 327 (2009)
= Ophrys straussii var. leucotaenia (Renz & Taubenheim) R.Peter; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 24(4): 575 (1992)
subspecies :
subsp. straussii
(H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 149 (1962)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); N-Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys mimnolea O.Schwarz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 78 (1934)
= Ophrys straussii H.Fleischm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 204 (1915)
= Ophrys straussii H.Fleischm. & Bornm.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 36: 13 (1923)
species :
Ophrys rhodia
(H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71(3): 125 (1990)
Name: Rhodische Nabel-Ragwurz (DE); Rhodian Woodcock Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Karpathos, Chalki, Tilos); ?Cyprus; Israel
34 EAI ISR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Umbilicatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys attica subsp. rhodia (H.Baumann & Künkele) Shifman; J. Eur. Orch. 43(2): 422 (2011)
= Ophrys carmeli subsp. rhodia (H.Baumann & Künkele) Shifman; Wild Orchids Israel 174 (2019)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. rhodia (H.Baumann & Künkele) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 48(6): 235 (1997)
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. rhodia H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 388 (1986)
species :
Ophrys schulzei
Bornm. & H.Fleischm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ver. n. s. 28: 60 (1911)
Name: Schulzes Ragwurz
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; SE-Turkey (Diyarbakir, Hatay); Iraq; Iran; Lebanon; Syria
33 NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Apiferae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys luristanica Renz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 24(2): 47 (1973)
= Ophrys schulzei subsp. kurdica Fleischm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 204 (1915) [nom. inval.]
species :
Ophrys scolopax
Cav.; Icon. Descr. 2: 46 (1793)
Name: Schnepfen-Ragwurz
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Algeria
11 ger 12 BAL FRA POR SPA 20 ALG
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, pollinator Eucera nigrescens and E. interrupta
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites var. scolopax (Cav.) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 1: 235 (1898)
= Ophrys asilifera Vayr.; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 9: 98 (1880)
= Ophrys aurita Brot.; Phyt. Lusit. 2: 34, t. 91, f. II. (1827)
= Ophrys bullata Cirillo ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 219 (1841)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. scolopax (Cav.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. scolopax (Cav.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys sancti-martinii Duffort; Soó, Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 62 (1931)
= Ophrys scolopax f. carbajoi (F.M.Vázquez) Hervás, De Bellard, Calzado, J.C.Huertas, Reyes Carr. & Ruíz Cano; Micobot. Jaén 14(1): [26] (2019)
= Ophrys scolopax f. minuta De Bellard, Calzado, Hervás, J.C.Huertas, Reyes Carr. & Ruíz Cano; Micobot. Jaén 14(1): [26] (2019)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. vetula (Risso) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 114 (2004)
= Ophrys scolopax var. granatensis Amo; Fl. Fan. Penins. Iberica 1: 469 (1871)
= Ophrys scolopax var. honckensis E.G.Camus; Actes Congr. Int. Bot., Paris 342 (1900)
= Ophrys scolopax var. sepalina F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 306 (2009)
= Ophrys vetula Risso; Fl. Nice 464 (1844)
variant :
var. atropos
Barla; Fl. Illus. Nice, Orchid. 71 (1868)
Distribution: SE-France; ?NW-Italy
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys atropos (Barla) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 354 (1894)
variant :
var. beirana
(D.Tyteca, J.Pessoa & Luísa Borges) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 514 (2021)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys beirana D.Tyteca, J.Pessoa & Luísa Borges; J. Eur. Orch. 52(2-4): 339 (2020)
variant :
var. chlorosepala
(Thell.) Hervás, De Bellard, Calzado, J.C.Huertas, Reyes Carr. & Ruíz Cano; Micobot. Jaén 14(1): [26] (2019)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax f. chlorosepala Thell.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 20: 61 (1914)
variant :
var. conradiae
(Melki & Deschâtres) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 514 (2021)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. conradiae (Melki & Deschâtres) H.Baumann, Giotta, R.Lorenz, Künkele & Piccitto; J. Eur. Orch. 27(2): 220 (1995)
= Ophrys conradiae Melki & Deschâtres; Orchidophile (Asnières) 107: 104 (1993)
variant :
var. corbariensis
(J.Samuel & J.-M.Lewin) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 514 (2021)
Distribution: France (Aude, E-Corbieres)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. corbariensis (J.Samuel & J.-M.Lewin) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 109 (2005)
= Ophrys corbariensis J.Samuel & J.-M.Lewin; Orchidophile (Asnières) 154: 254, 251 (2002)
variant :
var. jugurtha
(R.Martin & Ouni) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 515 (2021)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. jugurtha R.Martin & Ouni; Bull. Gr. Rhone-Alpes S.F.O. no. 36: 65 (2017)
variant :
var. oceanica
(Soca) comb.ined.
Distribution: S-France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oceanica Soca; Flora Montiber. 88: 116 (2024)
variant :
var. picta
(Link) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13/14: 98-101 (1851)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; France; Sardinia; Sicily; Pantelleria; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 FRA POR SAR SPA 13 PTL SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys apiformis (Desf.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1: 567 (1821)
= Ophrys corniculata Brot.; Phyt. Lusit. 2: 38, t. 93 (1827)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. apiformis (Desf.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. apiformis (Desf.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys insectifera var. apiformis Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2(8): 321 (1799)
= Ophrys ouritensis Guitt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 264 (1963)
= Ophrys picta Link; J. Bot. (Schrader) 2: 325 (1799)
= Ophrys picta var. sphegifera (Willd.) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 310 (2009)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. apiformis (Desf.) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 260 (1959)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. picta (Link) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 114 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegifera Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 65 (1805)
variant :
var. querciphila
(Nicole, Hervy & Soca) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 515 (2021)
Distribution: France (Languedoc)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys querciphila Nicole, Hervy & Soca; Orchidophile (Asnières) 212: 94 (2017)
variant :
var. santonica
(J.M.Mathé & Melki) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 515 (2021)
Distribution: N-Spain (Catalunya, Soria, Navarra, Huesca); France (Charente-Maritime, ?Languedoc-Roussillon, ?Provence)
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. santonica (J.M.Mathé & Melki) R.Engel & Quentin; Orchidophile (Asnières) 27 (124): 205 (1996)
= Ophrys santonica J.M.Mathé & Melki; Orchidophile (Asnières) 113: 159 (1994) [fide Delforge 2000]
= Ophrys aestivalis J.M.Mathé & Melki; Orchidophile (Asnières) 112: 124, 120 (1994) [homonym]
= Ophrys juliana Kerguélen; Bull. Ass. Inform. Bot. 1: 25 (1994)
variant :
var. sardoa
(H.Baumann, Giotta, Künkele, R.Lorenz & Piccitto) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 515 (2021)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. sardoa H.Baumann, Giotta, Künkele, R.Lorenz & Piccitto; J. Eur. Orch. 27(2): 222 (1995)
= Ophrys sardoa (H.Baumann, Giotta, R.Lorenz, Künkele & Piccitto) Paulus & Gack; J. Eur. Orch. 31(2): 386 (1999)
species :
Ophrys sicula
Tineo; Pl. Rar. Sicil. 13 (1846)
Name: Sizilianische Ragwurz (DE), Sicilian Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: S-France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl.); ?Croatia; Albania; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (including Rhodos, Karpathos, Kasos, Chalki, Kastellorhizo, Pserimos, Tilos); Turkey; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ALB GRC ITA KRI MLT SIC TUE 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Luteae
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites luteus var. minus Tod.; Orchid. Sicul.: 97, tab. 2 (1842)
= Ophrys cythnia P.Delforge & Onckelinx; Naturalistes Belges 95: 203 (2014)
= Ophrys fusca var. sicula (Tineo) E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 292 (1928)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. minor (Guss.) O.Danesch & E.Danesch ex Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Orchidee (Hamburg) 29(3): 104 (1978), with basionym ref.
= Ophrys lutea subsp. minor (Tod.) O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124(2): 82 (1975)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. sicula (Tineo) Soldano; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 133(10): 115 (1992 publ. 1993)
= Ophrys lutea var. minor (Tod.) Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 550 (1844)
= Ophrys lutea var. minor (Tod.) Raynaud; Orchid. Maroc 16 (1985), isonym
variant :
var. archimedea
(P.Delforge & M.Walravens) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 199 (2018)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys archimedea P.Delforge & M.Walravens; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 256 (2000)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. archimedea (P.Delforge & M.Walravens) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 105 (2004)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. archimedea (P.Delforge & M.Walravens) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 101 (2006)
variant :
var. flammeola
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 200 (2018)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys flammeola P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 256 (2000)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. flammeola (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. flammeola (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 102 (2006)
variant :
var. laurensis
(Geniez & Melki) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 200 (2018)
Distribution: E-Sicily (Mte. Lauro)
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys laurensis Geniez & Melki; Actes Coll. S. F. O. 12: 14-15 (1991 publ. 1992)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. laurensis (Geniez & Melki) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 105 (2004)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. laurensis (Geniez & Melki) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 102 (2006)
variant :
var. liveranii
(Orrù & M.P.Grasso) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 200 (2018)
Distribution: C-Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lepida S. & J.-M.Moingeon; Orchidophile (Asnières) 166: 173-178 (2005)
= Ophrys liveranii (Orrù & M.P.Grasso) Biagioli, Kreutz, Orrù, M.P.Grasso, Licheri & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. lepida (S.Moingeon & J.-M.Moingeon) Kreutz; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 7 (2015)
= Ophrys sicula var. lepida (S.Moingeon & J.-M.Moingeon) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 200 (2018)
= Ophrys subfusca subsp. liveranii Orrù & M.P.Grasso; GIROS Notiz. 30: 9 (2005)
variant :
var. penelopeae
(Paulus) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 208 (2018)
Distribution: Greece (Peloponnes, W-Greece, Ionian Isl.); ?East Aegaean Isl. (?Naxos)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys penelopeae Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 293 (2014)
variant :
var. transadriatica
Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 159 (2013)
Distribution: Croatia (Dalmatia)
13 CRO
variant :
var. urteae
(Paulus) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 208 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys urteae Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 26(2): 10 (2009)
= Ophrys blitopertha subsp. urteae (Paulus) Deniz; Res. Türkiye Fl. 3a: 340 (2022)
species :
Ophrys sipontensis
Gumpr. ex O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Ophrys Hybr. 43 (1972) [nom. inval.]
Distribution: EC-Italy (Mte. Gargano)
13 ITA
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Xylocopa iris
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sipontensis (Lorenz & Gembardt) H.A.Pedersen & Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 37(2): 289 (2005)
= Ophrys garganica subsp. sipontensis (Gumpr.) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 251 (1984)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sipontensis Gumpr.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 18(2): 62 (1967) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys garganica subsp. sipontensis (R.Lorenz & Gembardt) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 97 (2004)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. sipontensis Gumpr. ex Fen.; Webbia 29: 281 (1974) [comb. inval.]
variant :
var. murgiana
(Cillo, Medagli & Margh.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 378 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Italy (Altamura)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys murgiana Cillo, Medagli & Margh.; GIROS Notiz. 41: 23 (2009)
species :
Ophrys speculum
Link; Schrader, J. für die Bot. 1799(2): 324 (1800)
Name: Spiegel-Ragwurz (DE); Mirror Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl.); Croatia; Albania; Greece; European Turkey; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya (Cyrenaica); East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Tilos); Turkey
12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA MLT PEL SIC TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Speculum, pollinator Dasiscolia ciliata ssp. ciliata
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites speculum (Link) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 93 (1842)
= Ophrys ciliata Biv.; Sic. pl. Cent. 1: 60 (1806)
= Ophrys scolopax Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 69 (1805)
= Ophrys vernixia Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 24 (1800 publ. 1804), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. ciliata (Biv.) Del Prete; Webbia 37(2): 252 (1984)
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. ciliata (Biv.) Kerguélen; Lejeunia 120: 135 (1987), isonym
= Ophrys ×innominata D. & B.D.Tyteca; Orchidophile (Asnières) 69: 929 (1985)
variant :
var. lusitanica
(O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Hennecke; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(1): 92 (2014), nom. inval., et Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 157 (2021)
Name: Iberische Spiegel-Ragwurz (DE); Iberian Mirror Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Portugal; S-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites speculum Tod.; (1842)
= Ophrys ciliata subsp. lusitanica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Baumann, Künkele & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 36(2): 571 (2004)
= Ophrys lusitanica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) Paulus & Gack; Israel J. Bot. 39(1-2): 77 (1990)
= Ophrys speculum subsp. lusitanica O.Danesch & E.Danesch; Orchidee (Hamburg) 20: 21 (1969)
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. lusitanica (O.Danesch & E.Danesch) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 391 (1986)
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. occidentalis Paulus; Ber. AHO 18 (1) (2001)
variant :
var. orientalis
(Paulus) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 178 (2007)
Name: Östliche Spiegel-Ragwurz (DE); Eastern Mirror Bee Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece; Crete [I]; Turkey
13 GRC kri 34 TUR
Remarks: pollinator Dasiscolia ciliata ssp. araratensis
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ciliata subsp. orientalis (Paulus) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 101 (2006)
= Ophrys ciliata var. orientalis (Paulus) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 91 (2004)
= Ophrys eos Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 289 (2009), nom. nov. for O. ciliata subsp. orientalis
= Ophrys speculum subsp. orientalis (Paulus) Paulus & Salk.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(2): 7 (2007)
= Ophrys vernixia subsp. orientalis Paulus; Ber. AHO 18(1): 43 (2001)
species :
Ophrys sphegodes
Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 8 (1768)
Name: Spinnen-Ragwurz
Distribution: England; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Hungary; ?Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; North Macedonia; Greece
10 GRB 11 AUT BGM GER HUN LUX SWI 12 CIS COR FRA SAR SPA 13 BIH CRO GRC ITA NMA SIC SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Anthophora atriceps, A. nigroaenea, A. limata
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites aranifera (Huds.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 48 (1901)
= Myodium araniferum (Huds.) Salisb.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 289 (1812)
= Ophrys arachnitis (L.) Mill.; Gard. dict. ed. 8, no. 7 (1768)
= Ophrys aranifera Huds.; Fl. Angl. [Hudson] ed. II, 2: 392 (1778)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. fuchsii (W.Zimmerm.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. fucifera H.C.Watson; London Cat. Brit. Pl. ed. 25: 21 (1867)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. gigantea (A.Fuchs) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 279 (1929)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. moesziana Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 35 (1927)
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. vierhapperi (Soó) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 313, 388 (1935)
= Ophrys aranifera var. fuchsii (W.Zimmerm.) Schltr.; Monogr. Icon. Orchid. Eur. 1: 108 (1926)
= Ophrys aranifera var. vierhapperi Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 35 (1927)
= Ophrys crucigera Jacq.; Icon. pl. Rar. 1: 18, t. 185 (1784)
= Ophrys fuchsii W.Zimmerm.; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 388 (1917)
= Ophrys fucifera Curtis; Fl. Lond. fasc. 6: t. 67 (1794)
= Ophrys fucifera Sm.; Engl. Bot. t. 2649 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys galeopsidea Lag. ex Colmeiro; Enum. Pl. Penins. Hispano-Lusit. 5: 42 (1889)
= Ophrys grassoana (Cristaudo, Galesi, R.Lorenz & Zelesny) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 150 (2022)
= Ophrys insectifera subsp. aranifera (Huds.) Moggr.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 35: 9 (1869)
= Ophrys insectifera var. arachnites L.; Sp. pl. 2: 949 (1753)
= Ophrys liburnica Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 147 (2004)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. vierhapperi (Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (3-4): 380 (1973)
= Ophrys molisana P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
= Ophrys nicolae Q.G.Manni; J. Eur. Orch. 48(2-4): 288 (2016)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. aranifera (Huds.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 92 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. catalcana Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 231 (2010 publ. 2011)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. fuchsii (W.Zimmerm.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 382 (1970)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. gigantea (A.Fuchs) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 92 (1949)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. grassoana Cristaudo et al.; J. Eur. Orch. 42(1): 181-200 (2010)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. liburnica (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 180 (2007)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. moesziana (Soó) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 258 (1960)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. moesziana (Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16(3/4): 390 (1970 publ. 1971), isonym
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. vierhapperi (Soó) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 380 (1973)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. gigantea A.Fuchs; Mitt. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 280 (1917)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. subaesculapiana Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 282 (1986)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. subspruneriana Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 282 (1986)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. subtommasiniana Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 282 (1986)
= Ophrys vindelica W.Zimmerm. ex A.Fuchs; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 51: 136 (1928)
variant :
var. garganicoides
Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 282 (1986)
Distribution: NE-Spain; France (SE- & S-France); NW-Italy
12 FRA SPA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys garganica subsp. caloptera (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 170 (2007)
= Ophrys caloptera Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Natural. belges 87 (Orchid. 19): 228-251 (2006), nom. nov. (superfl.?)
variant :
var. pacensis
(F.M.Vázquez) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 349 (2021)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys incubacea subsp. pacensis F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 302 (2009)
variant :
var. provincialis
(H.Baumann & Künkele) P.J.Cribb; Field Guide Orchids Europe Medit. 241 (2019)
Distribution: SE-France; ?NW-Italy
12 FRA
Remarks: pollinator Anthophora atriceps. Status uncertain
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys provincialis (H.Baumann & Künkele) Paulus; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20(4): 855 (1988)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. provincialis H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20(3): 617 (1988)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. provincialis Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 197 (1962) [nom. inval.]
species :
Ophrys spruneri
Nyman; Consp. 698 (1882)
Name: Spruners Ragwurz
Distribution: Greece (except North, but incl. Ionian Isl.); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Ikaria)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae, pollinator Xylocopa iris
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys delphica H.Fleischm. ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 389 (1926)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. spruneri (Nyman) E.G.Camus; Monogr. orchid. 274 (1908)
= Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. aeginensis Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 92 (1851)
= Ophrys galactostictos Heldr. & Sart ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 79 (1882)
= Ophrys hiulca Spruner ex Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 93 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. spruneri (Nyman) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 183 (1962) [nom. inval.]
= Ophrys spruneri f. galactostictos (Heldr. & Sartori ex Boiss.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 30 (1928)
variant :
var. grigoriana
(G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 406 (2021)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys spruneri subsp. grigoriana (G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar) H.Kretzschmar; Orchideen auf Kreta, Kasos, Karpathos 236 (2002)
= Ophrys grigoriana G.Kretzschmar & H.Kretzschmar; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 12(1): 56 (1995)
species :
Ophrys subfusca
(Rchb.f.) Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F.13/14: 25 (1899)
Distribution: S-Portugal; Spain (C- & E-Spain); Baleares; SW-France; Sicily; Malta (incl. Comino Isl.); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL FRA POR SPA 13 MLT SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Pseudophrys.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys africana G. & W.Foelsche; J. Eur. Orch. 33(2): 656 (2001)
= Ophrys bilunulata subsp. caesiella (P.Delforge) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 46(2): 272 (2014)
= Ophrys bilunulata subsp. subfusca (Rchb.f.) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 52(2-4): 372 (2020)
= Ophrys caesiella P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 233 (2000)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. caesiella (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 93 (2004)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. gazella (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 94 (2004)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. numida (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006) (fide Rebbas & Vela 2013)
= Ophrys fusca subsp. subfusca (Rchb.f.) E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Iconogr. orchid. Europe, Text(1): 292 (1928)
= Ophrys fusca var. subfusca Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13-14: 95 (1851)
= Ophrys gazella Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 322 (2000)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. numida (Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 106 (2004) (fide Rebbas & Vela 2013)
= Ophrys lutea subsp. subfusca (Rchb.f.) Murb.; Acta Reg. Soc. Physiogr. Lund 10: 21 (1899)
= Ophrys lutea var. subfusca Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L. Reichenbach] 13/14: 76 (1851)
= Ophrys marmorata subsp. caesiella (P.Delforge) Véla & R.Martin; Cat. Syn. Fl. Tunisie 367 (2011)
= Ophrys numida Devillers-Tersch. & Devillers; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 297 (2000) (fide Rebbas & Vela 2013)
= Orchis subfusca (Rchb.f.) Batt.; Fl. Algerie, Suppl. Phan. 84 (1910)
= Orchis subfusca (Rchb.f.) Murb.; Contrib. Fl. Nord-Ouest Afr. Ser. I(3): 21 (1899)
species :
Ophrys tarentina
Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 14(1): 25 (1982)
Name: Tarenter Ragwurz
Distribution: S-Italy (Calabria, S-Apulia)
13 ITA
Remarks: lunulata-hybridogenous agg., pollinator Osmia tricornis
species :
Ophrys tenthredinifera
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 67 (1805)
Name: Wespen-Ragwurz
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; S-France; ?S-Corsica; Sardinia; C-Italy; S-Italy; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ITA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: Subgen. Bombyliflorae, sect. Tenthrediniferae. Pollinator Eucera nigrilabris and other Eucera. According to Hirth & Paulus (2012) not distinguishable from the eastern var. villosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Arachnites limbatus Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 247 (1829)
= Arachnites tenthredinifer (Willd.) Tod.; Orch. Sicul. 85 (1842)
= Ophrys arachnites Link; J. Bot. (Schrader) 2: 325 (1799)
= Ophrys hookeri Orph. ex Soó; Bot. Ark. 23: 25 (1928)
= Ophrys insectifera var. rosea Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 2: 320 (1799)
= Ophrys limbata Link; Handb. 1: 247 (1829)
= Ophrys lychnitis Paulus & Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 48(2-4): 374 (2016)
= Ophrys neglecta Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 3: 548 (1858)
= Ophrys rosea Grande; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 27: 238 (1920)
= Ophrys rosea subsp. neglecta (Parl.) Guadagno; Arch. Bot. (Roma) 7: 168 (1931)
= Ophrys tabanifera Sieber ex Nyman; Consp. 697 (1882)
= Ophrys tenoreana Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. t. 1093 (1827)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera f. lutescens (Batt.) Raynaud; Orchid. Maroc 26 (1985)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. neglecta (Parl.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. (1908)
= Ophrys tetuanensis Pau; Monde Pl. 30(181): 1 (1929)
= Ophrys villosa Desf.; Ann. Mus. Par. 10: 225, t. 14 (1807)
variant :
var. aprilia
(Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 387 (2020)
Distribution: S-Corsica; ?Sardinia
12 COR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aprilia Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; J. Eur. Orch. 35(1): 152 (2003)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. aprilia (Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 118 (2004)
variant :
var. dictynnae
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 387 (2020)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys dictynnae P.Delforge; Natural. belges 86 (Orchid. 18): 95-144 (2005)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. dictynnae (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
variant :
var. dimidiata
(Rakosy, Paulus & M.Hirth) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 180 (2021)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys dimidiata Rakosy, Paulus & M.Hirth; J. Eur. Orch. 52(1): 212 (2020)
variant :
var. expansa
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 30 (2018)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys expansa (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 149 (2022)
variant :
var. ficalhoana
(J.A.Guim.) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 316 (2009)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; SW-France; ?Morocco; ?W-Algeria
12 FRA POR SPA
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg., pollinator Eucera sp.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ficalhoana J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 39 (1887)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera var. ronda Schltr.; , nomen
= Ophrys tenthredinifera f. mariana Rivas Goday & Bellot; (1945)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. ficalhoana (J.A.Guim.) M.R.Lowe & D.Tyteca; J. Eur. Orch. 32(2): 297 (2000)
= Ophrys ficalhoana (J.A.Guim.) Wucherpf.; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 33(1): 113 (2016), nom. illeg. superfl.
variant :
var. glabrescens
F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 320 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
variant :
var. grandiflora
(Ten.) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 387 (2020)
Distribution: S-Italy; Sicily; Algeria; Tunisia
13 ITA SIC 20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys grandiflora Ten.; Cat. Pl. Hort. Neap. (1819) App. 2: 83, Fl. Nap. 2: 309
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. grandiflora (Ten.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 118 (2004)
variant :
var. guimaraesii
(D.Tyteca) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 118 (2004)
Distribution: Portugal; W-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys praecox D.Tyteca; , nom. illeg.
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. guimaraesii D.Tyteca; J. Eur. Orch. 32(2): 297 (2000)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. praecox D.Tyteca; Orchidophile (Asnières) 16(66): 810, nom. illeg.
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subvar. praecox J.A.Guim.; , nom. illeg.
= Ophrys tenthredinifera var. praecox Rchb.f. ex E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 262 (1908)
variant :
var. korae
(M.Hirth & Paulus) Galanos & Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 388 (2020)
Name: Kora-Ragwurz (DE); Kora Sawfly Orchid (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Samos, ?Lesvos)
34 EAI
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg. Probably only a color variety of ssp. tenthredinifera (villosa)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys korae Hirth & Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 44(3): 646 (2012)
variant :
var. leochroma
(P.Delforge) Galanos & Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 388 (2020)
Name: Löwenmähnen-Ragwurz (DE); Lion-mane Sawfly Orchid (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Euboia, Attika, Peloponnes, Ionian Isl.: Kefallenia, Zakynthos, Kiklades: Kea, Astypaleia, Amorgos, Milos, Kimolos); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Rhodos, Chalki, Tilos); W-Turkey
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg., pollinator Eucera kullenbergi. Status uncertain, possibly a color variant of ssp. villosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys leochroma P.Delforge; Natural. belges 86 (Orchid. 18): 95-144 (2005)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. leochroma (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
variant :
var. lycomedis
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 388 (2020)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Skyros)
13 GRC
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg., pollinator Eucera caspica
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lycomedis P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 296 (2013)
variant :
var. riphaea
(F.M.Vázquez) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 388 (2020)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys neglecta var. riphaea F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 44(3): 588 (2012)
= Ophrys riphaea (F.M.Vázquez) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 296 (2013)
variant :
var. sanctae-marcellae
(Saliaris, A.Saliaris & A.Alibertis) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 388 (2020)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys leochroma var. sanctae-marcellae (Saliaris, A.Saliaris & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 243 (2012)
= Ophrys villosa var. sanctae-marcellae (Saliaris, A.Saliaris & A.Alibertis) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 296 (2013)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. sanctae-marcellae Saliaris, A.Saliaris & A.Alibertis; J. Eur. Orch. 43(3): 605 (2011)
variant :
var. spectabilis
(Kreutz & Zelesny) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 389 (2020)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)
12 BAL
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys spectabilis (Kreutz & Zelesny) Paulus; J. Eur. Orch. 43(1): 38 (2011)
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. spectabilis Kreutz & Zelesny; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 116 (2007)
variant :
var. tingurtiae
(Kreutz, Miara, Ait-Hamm. & Rebbas) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 389 (2020)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. tingurtiae Kreutz, Miara, Ait-Hamm. & Rebbas; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 147 (2015)
variant :
var. ulyssea
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 389 (2020)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Ionian Isl.: Corfu, Lefkada, Kefallenia, Zakynthos, Kythera); SW-Greece; W-Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: tenthredinifera agg., pollinator Eucera bidentata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys ulyssea P.Delforge; Natural. belges 86 (Orchid. 18): 95-144 (2005)
= Ophrys amphidami P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 94(Orchid. 26): 295 (2013) [fide Hirth & Paulus 2016]
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. ulyssea (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
variant :
var. villosa
(Desf.) Galanos & Hennecke; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63(2): 389 (2020)
Distribution: Croatia; Greece (Skyros, etc.); Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); ?Libya (?Cyrenaica); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos, Kasos, Rhodos, Chios); Turkey; Cyprus
13 CRO GRC KRI 34 CYP EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys tenthredinifera subsp. villosa (Desf.) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 384 (1986)
species :
Ophrys tetraloniae
W.P.Teschner; Orchidee (Hamburg) 38(5): 223 (1987)
Distribution: ?C-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia (Istria, Dalmatia)
13 CRO SLV
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Fuciflorae, Pollinator Tetraloniella fulvescens (dufouri), Tetraloniella inulae. Tetraploid taxon and therefore separate from O. holosericea.
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. tetraloniae (W.P.Teschner) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. tetraloniae (W.P.Teschner) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 40(1): 54 (2008)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. laxiflora Zelesny & Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 39(3/4): 449 (2007)
variant :
var. elatior
(Gumpr.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 508 (2021)
Distribution: SW-Germany; SW-Switzerland; E-France (Alsace, Jura)
11 GER SWI 12 FRA
Remarks: Pollinator Tetraloniella salicariae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys elatior Gumpr. ex Paulus; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 14 (1996)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. elatior Gumpr.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 31(2): 60 (1980)
= Ophrys fuciflora subsp. elatior Gumpr. ex R.Engel & P.Quentin; Orchidophile (Asnières) 123: 168 (1996)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. elatior (Gumpr. ex Paulus) H.Baumann & Künkele; Farn- Blütenpfl. Baden-Würt. 8: 416 (1998), isonym
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. elatior (Gumpr.) Gumpr.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 34(5): 179 (1983) [nom. inval.]
variant :
var. gresivaudanica
(O.Gerbaud) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 508 (2021)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. gresivaudanica (O.Gerbaud) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 100 (2004)
= Ophrys gresivaudanica O.Gerbaud; J. Eur. Orch. 34(1): 63-86 (2002)
variant :
var. posidonia
(P.Delforge) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 508 (2021)
Distribution: SC-Italy; S-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. posidonia (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 102 (2004)
= Ophrys posidonia P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(3): 173 (2000)
= Ophrys fuciflora var. posidonia (P.Delforge) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 40(1): 56 (2008)
species :
Ophrys transhyrcana
Czerniak.; Not. Syst. Herb. Hort. Petrop. 4: 1 (1923)
subspecies :
subsp. transhyrcana
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
32 TKM 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Araniferae. Pollinator Andrena morio, A. fuscosa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys aranifera subsp. transhyrcana (Czerniak.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Sonderbeih. A2: 49 (1931)
= Ophrys mammosa subsp. transhyrcana (Czerniak.) Paulus & Gack; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 39: 68 (1986)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. transhyrcana (Czerniak.) Buttler; Willdenowia 16(1): 115 (1986)
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. transhyrcana (Czerniak.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 5: 444 (1970)
= Ophrys sphegodes var. transhyrcana (Czerniak.) P.J.Cribb; Field Guide Orchids Europe Medit. 259 (2019)
variant :
var. kojurensis
(Gölz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 401 (2021)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys kojurensis Gölz; J. Eur. Orch. 38(1): 86 (2006)
variant :
var. sintenisii
(H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) comb.ined.
Distribution: Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. sintenisii (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 119 (2004)
= Ophrys transcaspica H.Fleischm. & Bornm.
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sintenisii (Fleisch. & Bornm.) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 181 (1962)
= Ophrys sintenisii H.Fleischm. & Bornm.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 36: 10 (1923)
variant :
var. turcomanica
(Renz) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 401 (2021)
Distribution: Turkey; Iran
34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys transhyrcana subsp. turcomanica (Renz) Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 180 (2007)
= Ophrys turcomanica Renz; Fl. Iranica 126: 85 (1978)
= Ophrys zagrica Gölz; J. Eur. Orch. 39(2): 305 (2007) (tentative synonym)
subspecies :
subsp. morio
(Paulus & Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 119 (2004)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: pollinator Andrena limata
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys morio Paulus & Kreutz; Orchid. Zypern 415 (2004)
species :
Ophrys umbilicata
Desf.; Ann. Mus. Par. 10: 227, t. 15 (1807)
Name: Nabel-Ragwurz (DE); Woodcock Orchid (EN)
Distribution: European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (including Rhodos, Pserimos, Tilos); Turkey; Iraq; Iran; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel; Jordania
13 TUE 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Remarks: Subgen. Fuciflorae, sect. Umbilicatae
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys astarte Devillers & Devillers-Tersch.; Naturalistes Belges 93(Orchid. 25): 161 (2012)
= Ophrys attica subsp. carmeli (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) Shifman; J. Eur. Orch. 43(2): 409 (2011)
= Ophrys carmeli H.Fleischm. & Bornm.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 36: 7 (1923)
= Ophrys dinsmorei Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 46 (1923)
= Ophrys latilabris (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Shifman; J. Eur. Orch. 43(2): 418 (2011)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. umbilicata (Desf.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Sonderbeih. 30(3): 378 (1933)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. dinsmorei (Schltr.) E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe, Text(1): 315 (1928)
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. carmeli (H.Fleischm. & Bornm.) J.J.Wood; Kew Bull. 38(1): 136 (1983)
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. latilabris B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 952 (2005)
variant :
var. abchasica
(Kümpel) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 291 (2021)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Shiga Kartli, Kartli); Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey
33 AZE GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. abchasica Kümpel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 5 (12): 25 (1988)
= Ophrys abchasica (Kümpel) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 72(3): 100 (1991)
variant :
var. attica
(Boiss. & Orph.) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 291 (2021)
Name: Attische Ragwurz
Distribution: Albania; Greece (except Northeast)
13 ALB GRC
Remarks: holosericea agg., oestrifera-group. Pollinator Eucera seminuda (Paulus 2014)
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys arachnites subsp. attica (Boiss. & Orph.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 262 (1890)
= Ophrys arachnites var. attica Boiss. & Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 3(4): 91 (1859)
= Ophrys attica (Boiss. & Orph.) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 354 (1894)
= Ophrys attica (Boiss. & Orph.) Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 909 (1926), isonym
= Ophrys carmeli subsp. attica (Boiss. & Orph.) Renz; Fl. Iranica 126: 79 (1978)
= Ophrys fuciflora proles attica (Boiss. & Orph.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 630 (1907)
= Ophrys holosericea subsp. attica (Boiss. & Orph.) H.Sund.; Taxon 24 (5-6): 625 (1975)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. attica (Boiss. & Orph.) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ophrys 156 (1962)
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. attica (Boiss. & Orph.) J.J.Wood; Kew Bull. 38(1): 136 (1983)
variant :
var. beerii
(Shifman) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 291 (2021)
Distribution: Israel
34 ISR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. beerii Shifman; J. Eur. Orch. 43(2): 412 (2011)
= Ophrys beerii (Shifman) Kreutz; Orchids Israel 247 (2021)
variant :
var. bucephala
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 291 (2021)
Distribution: European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios); NW-Turkey
13 TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. bucephala (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Biel; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 16(1): 58 (1999)
= Ophrys bucephala Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21(1): 13 (1989)
variant :
var. calycadniensis
(Perschke) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 291 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Turkey (Cilicia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. calycadniensis Perschke; J. Eur. Orch. 40(2): 230 (2008)
= Ophrys calycadniensis (Perschke) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 16 (2015)
variant :
var. khuzestanica
(Renz & Taubenheim) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 292 (2021)
Distribution: SE-Turkey; Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. khuzestanica Renz & Taubenheim; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41(2): 273 (1983)
= Ophrys khuzestanica (Renz & Taubenheim) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71(3): 127 (1990)
variant :
var. lapethica
(Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 292 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Antalya)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys lapethica Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21(4): 1052 (1989)
= Ophrys lapethica subsp. pamphylica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 28(2): 283 (281-285
= Ophrys pamphylica (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 18 (2015)
= Ophrys scolopax subsp. lapethica (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) G.Morschek & K.Morschek; Orchids Cyprus: 128 (1996), without exact basionym page.
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. lapethica (Gölz & H.R.Reinhard) Faurh.; J. Eur. Orch. 41(1): 194 (2009)
variant :
var. latakiana
(M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Hennecke; Beitr. Gatt. Ophrys 292 (2021)
Distribution: S-Turkey (Hatay); NW-Syria
34 SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys latakiana M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 18: 13 (2001)
= Ophrys oestrifera subsp. latakiana (M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid.: 109 (2004)
= Ophrys umbilicata subsp. latakiana (M.Schönfelder & H.Schönfelder) Faurh. & H.A.Pedersen; J. Eur. Orch. 40: 695 (2008)
species :
Ophrys zeusii
Hirth; Jahresber. Naturw. Vereins Wuppertal 55: 163-188 (2002), pro hybr.
Distribution: ?Croatia; North Macedonia; Albania; N-Greece
13 ALB GRC NMA
Remarks: probably stabilized hybrid O. sphegodes x sicula
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. zeusii (M.Hirth) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 117 (2004)
species :
Ophrys ×abdita
C.E.Hermos.; J. Eur. Orch. 31 (4) (1999)
Distribution: N-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Ophrys sphegodes x (sphegodes x lutea)
species :
Ophrys ×adonidis
A.Camus & Gomb.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 104 (1950)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
Remarks: Ophrys iricolor x transhyrcana
species :
Ophrys ×aghemanii
Renz; Fl. Iranica 126: 86 (1978)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
Remarks: Ophrys cornuta x transhyrcana
species :
Ophrys ×agustinii
Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 7(1): 38 (1990)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Ophrys (x)catalaunica x sphegodes
species :
Ophrys ×alasiatica
Kreutz, Segers & Walraven; J. Eur. Orch. 34(3): 480 (2002)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: Ophrys sicula x transhyrcana
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys cypricola Paulus; [ms.]
= Ophrys sphegodes subsp. alasiatica (Kreutz, Segers & Walraven) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 728 (2005)
species :
Ophrys ×alberobellensis
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 496 (1986)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Ophrys incubacea x tarentina
species :
Ophrys ×albertiana
E.G.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 40, 43 (1891)
Distribution: Europe; Germany; Croatia
11 GER 13 CRO
Remarks: Ophrys apifera x holosericea
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys fuciflora var. issleri M.Schultze; (1907)
= Ophrys ×albertiana nothosubsp. dalonzoi Perilli & Biagioli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 63: 511 (2020) [O. apifera ×holosericea subsp. cinnabarina]
= Ophrys ×albertiana nothosubsp. petruccii (Romolini & Soca) T.Bruschi & Polverelli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58(2): 215 (2015)
= Ophrys ×albertiana subsp. isabellae D´Alonzo & Perilli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 343 (2019) [O. apifera ×holosericea subsp. gracilis]
= Ophrys ×dalonzoi (Perilli & Biagioli) Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 27 (2022) [O. apifera ×
= Ophrys ×fassbenderi Ruppert; Deutsch. Bot. Monatsschr. 23: 6 (1912)
= Ophrys ×insidiosa Duffort; Orch. Gers: 27 (1902)
= Ophrys ×intermedia Lang. ex A.Mayer; Jahresb. vaterl. Ver. Naturk. Württ. 72: 202 (1916)
= Ophrys ×isabellae (D´Alonzo & Perilli) Soca; Invent. Hybr. Ophrys 29 (2022) [O. apifera ×
= Ophrys ×issleri (M.Schultze) P.Fourn.; (1927)
= Ophrys ×marsilii Rempicci, Buono, Gransinigh, Antonj & Magrini; J. Eur. Orch. 50(2-4): 389 (2018) [O. apifera ×
= Ophrys ×montenachii Blaschke; Orchidee (Hamburg) 15: Sonderheft, 28 (1964), sine descr. lat.
= Ophrys ×petruccii Romolini & Soca; GIROS Notiz. 55: 58 (2014) [O. apifera ×
species :
Ophrys ×alejandrei
Benito; Estud. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Álava 23: 57 (2009-2010 publ. 2011)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Ophrys incubacea x insectifera
species :
Ophrys ×algeriensis
Kreutz & L.Lewis; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 250 (2019), pro sp.
Distribution: Spain; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG
Remarks: Ophrys lutea x murbeckii
Synonyms: hidden
= Ophrys alpujata Riech. & H.Kohlmüller; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 268 (2019)
species :
Ophrys ×alibertiana
C.Alibertis & A.Alibertis; Orchidophile (Asnières) 86: 83 (1989)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Ophrys spruneri x tenthredinifera
species :
Ophrys ×amatoi
Silletti & Medagli; Quad. Silvae 1: 62 (2015)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Ophrys (x)bilineata x tarentina
species :
Ophrys ×ambigua
Galesi; J. Eur. Orch. 27(2): 264 (1995)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Remarks: Ophrys oxyrrhynchos x passionis
species :
Ophrys ×angelarum
Gennaio, M.Gargiulo, Medagli & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(2): 335 (2016)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Ophrys bertolonii x (x)tardans
species :
Ophrys ×angelensis
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 18(3): 493 (1986)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Ophrys incubacea x promontorii
species :
Ophrys ×angelii
Soca; Caesiana 19: 7 (2015)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Ophrys phryganae x tenthredinifera
species :
Ophrys ×anomala
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 109 (1932)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Ophrys heldreichii x holosericea
