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274.0000 Family Thymelaeaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 76 (1789), nom. cons.
49 genera, ca. 930 spp.
Species listed in database: 945; hybrids: 12
= Aquilariaceae R.Br. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 2: 59 (1825)
= Daphnaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règn. Vég. 2: 235 (1799)
= Gnidiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin Aneb. Rostlin 1(116-120): 1, 2 (1823)
= Gonystylaceae Tiegh.; Just´s Bot. Jahresber. 21(2): 389, 390 (1896), nom. cons.
= Phaleriaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 323, 329, Comm. 241 (1841)
= Tepuianthaceae Maguire & Steyerm.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 32: 8 (1981)
274.4026 Genus Phaleria Jack; Malayan Misc. 2(7): 59 (1822)
Distribution: Sri Lanka (1), Continental Southeast Asia, Malesia from Sumatra to Admiralty Isl., New Britain and Louisiade Arch., Australia, Fed. States of Micronesia, the Pacific eastward to Samoa and Tonga
Species listed in database: 25
= Drimyspermum Reinw.; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 15 (1828)
= Leucosmia Benth.; London J. Bot. 2: 231 (1843)
= Oreodendron C.T.White; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 4: 74 (1933)
= Plutonia Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunst. 5: ed. I. Art. 4: 3 (1790)
= Pseudais Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 40 (1843)
species :
Phaleria acuminata (A.Gray) Gilg; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 225 (1894)
Distribution: Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua, Vava´u); Fiji; American Samoa (Tutuila); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Islands, ´Upolu, Savai´i)
60 ASA FIJ SAM TON
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimyspermum acuminatum (A.Gray) Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 209 (1867)
= Drimyspermum subcordatum Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 209 (1867)
= Leucosmia acuminata A.Gray; J. Bot. 3: 306 (1865)
= Leucosmia subcordata (Seem.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Pacif. 281 (1892)
= Phaleria acuminata Knuth; Handb. Blütenb. 3: 522 (1904-1905)
= Phaleria subcordata (Seem.) Gilg; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 225 (1894)
species :
Phaleria angustifolia A.C.Sm.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 141: 101 (1936)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Phaleria biflora (C.T.White) Herber; Austrobaileya 6(1): 96 (2001)
Distribution: Australia (Thornton Peak, N of Cairns, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Oreodendron biflorum C.T.White; Contr. Arnold Arbor. 4: 74 (1933)
species :
Phaleria capitata Jack; Malayan Misc. 2(7): 59 (1822)
Distribution: Sri Lanka; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Moluccas (Buru); New Guinea (Waigeo Isl.)
40 SRL 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dais dubiosa Blume; Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg [Blume] 69. 1823
= Drimyspermum blumei Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 39 (1843)
= Drimyspermum cauliflorum Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 251 (1859)
= Drimyspermum cumingianum Decne.; Voy. Pôle Sud 2: 17 (1853)
= Drimyspermum laurifolium Hassk.; (non Blume)
= Drimyspermum phaleria Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 604 (1857)
= Drimyspermum urens Reinw.; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 15 (1828)
= Phaleria blumei (Decne.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 38 (1873)
= Phaleria cauliflora (Thwaites) Bedd.; Fl. Sylv. S. India clxxx (1873)
= Phaleria cumingii (Meisn.) Fern.-Vill.; Fl. Filip. [Blanco], ed. 3, Nov. App. 4(13A): 183 (1880)
= Phaleria dubiosa (Blume) Zoll.; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 1: 616 (1844)
= Phaleria urens (Reinw.) Koord.; Meded. Lands Plantentuin 19: 577 (1898)
species :
Phaleria chermsideana (Bailey) C.T.White; Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 21: 19 (1919)
Distribution: Australia (near Atherton, Queensland, and in the Brushy Mountains, New South Wales, and from Bundaberg, Queensland, S to near Coffs Harbour, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucosmia chermsideana F.M.Bailey; Queensland Agric. J. 14: 35 (1904)
species :
Phaleria clerodendron F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 38 (1873)
Distribution: Australia (from near Cooktown S to Tully, Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimyspermum australe W.Bull; Cat. New Beautiful Rare Pl. [W.Bull] 60: 36 (1871)
= Drimyspermum clerodendron F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 7: 1 (1869)
species :
Phaleria coccinea (Gaudich.) F.Muell.; Descr. Notes Papuan Pl. 2: 9 (1885)
Distribution: Sulawesi; Philippines (Panay, Mindanao); Moluccas (Sula Isl., Ambon, Seram, Kei Isl.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain)
42 MOL NWG PHI SUL 43 BIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dais coccinea Gaudich.; Voy. Uranie [Freycinet] 443, t. 44 (1829)
= Drimyspermum cumingii Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 605 (1857)
= Drimyspermum revolutum Teijsm. & Binn.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 27: 30 (1864)
= Phaleria amboinensis Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 11: 294 (1916)
= Phaleria platyphylla Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 14: 429 (1919)
= Phaleria revoluta (Teijsm. & Binn.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 3: 111 (1900)
= Phaleria subcaudata Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 22: 265 (1941)
= Phaleria vriesii Baill.; Adansonia 11: 329 (1875)
= Phaleria zippelii Baill.; Adansonia 11: 329 (1875)
= Pseudais coccinea (Gaudich.) Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 40 (1843)
species :
Phaleria disperma (G.Forst.) Baill.; Adansonia 11: 318 (1873 publ. 1876)
Distribution: Rotuma Isl.; Tonga (Late Isl., Tongatapu, ´Eua, Lifuka, Niuatoputapu); Niue; Fiji; American Samoa (Tutuila, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Islands, Savai´i, ´Upolu)
60 ASA FIJ NUE ROT SAM TON
Synonyms: hidden
= Dais disperma G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 33 (1786)
= Drimyspermum billardieri Decne.; Voy. Pôle Sud 2: 16 (1853)
= Drimyspermum burnettianum (Benth.) Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 208 (1867)
= Drimyspermum forsteri Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 605 (1857)
= Leucosmia burnettiana Benth.; London J. Bot. 2: 231 (1843)
= Leucosmia ovata Decne.; Voy. Venus, Bot. [Atl.]: 17 (1864)
= Phaleria burnettiana (Benth.) P.Knuth; Handb. Blütenb. 3: 522 (1904)
species :
Phaleria elegans L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 39: 422 (1958)
Distribution: New Guinea (Goodenough Isl.)
42 NWG
species :
Phaleria glabra (Turrill) Domke; Biblioth. Bot. 111: 55 (1934)
Distribution: Tonga (´Eua); Fiji
60 FIJ TON
Synonyms: hidden
= Leucosmia glabra Turrill; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 40: 43: 37 (1915)
species :
Phaleria ixoroides Fosberg; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 67: 418 (1940)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Phaleria lanceolata (A.Gray) Gilg; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 225 (1894)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Drymispermum lanceolatum A.Gray; J. Bot. 3: 304 (1865)
= Leucosmia lanceolata Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Pacif. 281 (1892)
species :
Phaleria longituba P.F.Stevens; J. Arnold Arbor. 55(2): 265 (1974)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 3: 111 (1900)
Distribution: Nicobar Isl. [I] (Great Nicobar Isl. [I]); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
41 ncb 42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimyspermum macrocarpum Scheff.; Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 1: 46 (1876)
= Phaleria calantha Gilg; Nova Guinea 8: 411 (1910)
= Phaleria papuana var. wichmannii (Valeton) Backer; Bekn. Fl. Java 4a(2
= Phaleria papuana Warb. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb.; Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 460 (1901)
= Phaleria wichmannii Valeton; Icon. Bogor. [Boerlage] t. 371 (1913)
species :
Phaleria montana (Seem.) Gilg; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 225 (1894)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimyspermum montanum Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 209 (1867)
= Leucosmia montana (Seem.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Drake; Ill. Fl. Ins. Pacif. 281 (1892)
species :
Phaleria nishidae Kaneh.; Fl. Micron. 248 (1933), japonice, Kaneh. in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 47: 675, latine (1933) (´nisidai´)
Distribution: New Guinea (Louisiade Arch., Misima Isl., Rossel Isl., d´Entrecasteaux Arch., Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Britain); Palau (Babeldaob, Urukthapel)
42 NWG 43 BIS 62 PLU
species :
Phaleria octandra (L.) Baill.; Adansonia 11: 321 (1873 publ. 1876)
Distribution: Borneo; Sulawesi; Java (incl. Madura, Bawean); Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, to, Timor); Moluccas (Tanimbar, Halmaheira); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Melville Isl. and in the Gove area, Northern Territory, and Torres Strait S to near Sarina, Queensland)
42 BOR JAW LSI MOL NWG SUL 43 SOL 50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Dais dubiosa Decne.; Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 369 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Dais longifolia Zipp. ex Span.; Linnaea 15: 335 (1841)
= Dais octandra L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 69 (1767)
= Drimyspermum ambiguum Meisn.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 14: 605 (1857)
= Drimyspermum burmanni Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 40 (1843)
= Drimyspermum laurifolium Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 39 (1843)
= Drimyspermum laurifolium Zoll.; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 2: 117 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Drimyspermum longifolium Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 885 (1856)
= Drimyspermum neumannii F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 5: 26 (1865)
= Phaleria ambigua (Meisn.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 3: 111 (1900)
= Phaleria blumei Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 38 (1873)
= Phaleria blumei var. latifolia Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 38 (1873)
= Phaleria laurifolia (Decne.) Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 95: t. 5787 (1869)
= Phaleria laurifolia var. javanica Valeton; Icon. Bogor. [Boerlage] 4(3): 212 (1913)
= Phaleria longifolia (Miq.) Boerl.; Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. [Boerlage] 3: 111 (1900)
= Phaleria neumannii (F.Muell.) Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 6: 38 (1873)
= Phaleria octandra var. laurifolia Warb. ex Malm; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 34: 282 (1934)
= Phaleria parvifolia Backer; Blumea 5: 494 (1945)
= Phaleria pedunculata C.T.White; Bot. Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 21: 19 (1919)
species :
Phaleria okapensis P.F.Stevens; J. Arnold Arbor. 55(2): 267 (1974)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Phaleria pentecostalis Leandri; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 9: 298 (1937)
Distribution: Vanuatu
60 VAN
species :
Phaleria perrottetiana (Decne.) Fern.-Vill.; Fl. Filip. [Blanco], ed. 3, Nov. App. 183 (1880)
Distribution: N-Borneo (incl. Banggi Isl.); Philippines; Moluccas (Kei Isl., Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea, Tagula Isl.); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl.); Solomon Isl.
42 BOR MOL NWG PHI 43 BIS SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Dais laurifolia Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 375 (1837) (non Jacq.)
= Drimyspermum coccineum Becc.; (1880) (non Dais coccinia Gaudich.)
= Drimyspermum perrottetianum Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 19: 40 (1843)
= Phaleria blumei Hemsl.; (1885) (non (Decne.) Benth.)
= Phaleria splendida Valeton; Icon. Bogor. [Boerlage] t. 370 (1913)
species :
Phaleria pilistyla P.F.Stevens; J. Arnold Arbor. 55(2): 267 (1974)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Phaleria pubiflora (A.Gray) Gilg; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 6a: 225 (1894)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Drimyspermum pubiflorum (A.Gray) Seem.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 208 (1867)
= Leucosmia pubiflora A.Gray; J. Bot. 3: 306 (1865)
species :
Phaleria pulchra Gillespie; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 91: 21 (1932)
Distribution: Fiji
60 FIJ
species :
Phaleria sogerensis S.Moore; J. Bot. 61: Suppl. 43 (1923)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Phaleria stevensiana Z.S.Rogers; Novon 25(4): 475 (2017)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 9th, 2025)

Covering 356,641 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,731* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life