060.0000 Family Pinaceae Spreng. ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 35 (1830), nom. cons.

10 genera, ca. 220 spp.

Species listed in database: 255; hybrids: 26

060.1001 Genus Pinus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1000 (1753)

Distribution: holarctic, south to to Mexico and Indonesia. Systematics and species list taken mostly from Gymnosperm Database (Earle, 2026)

Species listed in database: 134; hybrids: 17

Search for: Pinus pseudostrobus-var.-apulcensis

Nothing found!

species :

Pinus albicaulis Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 209 (1863)

Name: Whitebark pine, Scrub pine (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Apinus albicaulis (Engelm.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 598 (1905)

= Pinus cembroides Newb.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 6(3, no. 2), Bot. [Williamson & Abbot] 44, 90 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus flexilis subsp. albicaulis (Engelm.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 175 (1880)

= Pinus flexilis var. albicaulis (Engelm.) Engelm.; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 2: 124 (1880)

= Pinus shasta Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 390 (1867)

species :

Pinus amamiana Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 38: 113 (1924)

Name: Yakushima white pine (EN)

Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Ryukyu Isl. (Tanegashima Isl.)

38 JAP NNS

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armandi var. amamiana (Koidz.) Hatus.; Mem. Fac. Agric. Kagoshima Univ. 1: 37 (1974)

species :

Pinus apulcensis Lindl.Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 63 (1839)

subspecies :

subsp. apulcensis

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Mexico State, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus acapulcensis G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 3: 769 (1839)

= Pinus astecaensis Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 290 (1875), nom. inval.

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. acapulcensis (Lindl.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009), isonym

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. acapulcensis (Lindl.) Stead; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 89(3): 269 (1984)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. apulcensis (Lindl.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 1: 19, t. 12 (1909)

= Pinus coatepecensis (Martínez) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 6: 79, in clavi, et 136 (1960)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. coatepecensis Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 187 (1945)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. coatepecensis (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

subspecies :

subsp. estevezii (Martínez) Earle

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León, Coahuila, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. estevezii (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. estevezii Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 188 (1945)

= Pinus estevezii (Martínez) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 6: 79, in clavi, et 142 (1960)

= Pinus estevezii (Martínez) J.P.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 63(2): 187 (1982), nom. inval.

species :

Pinus aristata Engelm.; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, 34: 331 (1862), et in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 2: 205 (1863)

Name: Rocky mountain bristlecone pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Balfourianae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus balfouriana S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 331 (1871) (non A. Murray bis)

= Pinus balfouriana subsp. aristata (Engelm.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 176 (1880)

= Pinus balfouriana var. aristata (Engelm.) Engelm.; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 2: 125 (1878)

= Pinus balfouriana var. aristata (Engelm.) Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 375 (1878 publ. 1879), isonym

species :

Pinus arizonica Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany) 6: 260 (1878)

Name: Arizona pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nayarit, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus palustris var. arizonica (Engelm.) Shaw

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. arizonica (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus ponderosa var. arizonica (Engelm.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 24, pl. 17 (1909)

species :

Pinus armandi Franch.; Pl. David. 1: 285 (1884)

Name: Armand´s pine (EN)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, C-Guizhou, NW-Guizhou, Hainan, SW-Henan, W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, S-Shanxi, Sichuan, SE-Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; S-Japan; N-Myanmar (Kachin)

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 41 MYA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armandi subsp. farjonii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 15 (2009)

= Pinus armandi subsp. yuana Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(2): 29 (28)

= Pinus armandi var. brevitifolia T.B.Chao & Zhi X.Chen; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 7 (2021)

= Pinus armandi var. farjonii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 29 (2000)

= Pinus excelsa var. chinensis Patschke; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 657 (1913)

= Pinus levis Lemée & H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 60 (1910)

= Pinus scorpioniformis Mast.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 270 (1898)

variant :

var. mastersiana (Hayata) Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 25: 219 (1908)

Distribution: C-Taiwan (Mt. Alishan, Mt. Yushan)

38 TAI

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armandi subsp. mastersiana (Hayata) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 13 (1999)

= Pinus mastersiana Hayata; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 43: 194 (1908)

species :

Pinus attenuata Lemmon; Mining Sci. Press. 64: 45 (1892)

Name: Knobcone pine (EN)

Distribution: Taiwan [I]; USA (S-Oregon, N-California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

38 tai 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Attenuatae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus californica Hartw.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 189 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Pinus tuberculata Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 4: 218 (1849), nom. illeg.

= Pinus tuberculata var. acuta Mayr; Wald. Nordamer. 275 (1889)

species :

Pinus ayacahuite Ehrenb. ex Schltdl.; Linnaea 12: 492 (1838)

Name: Mexican white pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Bolivia [c]

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON 83 bol

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. neorecurvata Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 15(1): 13 (2008)

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. oaxacana (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 16 (2009)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. oaxacana Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 47 (1990)

= Pinus colorado Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 407 (1868), nom. inval.

= Pinus don-pedrii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 31 (1857)

= Pinus durangensis Roezl ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 218 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus hamata Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 32 (1857)

= Pinus loudoniana var. don-pedrii (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 407 (1867)

species :

Pinus balfouriana Balf.; Bot. Exped. Oregon 8: 1, plate (1853)

Name: Foxtail pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (California: Klamath Mts., Sa. Nevada)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Balfourianae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus balfouriana subsp. austrina R.J.Mastrog. & J.D.Mastrog.; Syst. Bot. 5(1): 102 (1980)

= Pinus balfouriana var. austrina (R.J.Mastrog. & J.D.Mastrog.) Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 48 (1984)

species :

Pinus banksiana Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert] 1: 7 (1803)

Name: Jack pine (EN)

Distribution: Denmark [I]; Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Slovakia [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Romania [I]; Estonia [I]; Belarus [I]; China [I]; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

10 den 11 aut ger slo 13 kos rom srb 14 blr est 36 chi 38 kor tai 51 nzl 70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Contortae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus banksiana f. annae Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 17: 85, 219 (1908)

= Pinus banksiana f. procumbens J.Rousseau; Naturaliste Canad. 65: 301 (1938)

= Pinus divaricata (Aiton) Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 457 (1811)

= Pinus divaricata (Aiton) Sudw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20(2): 44 (1893), isonym

= Pinus divaricata f. procumbens (J.Rousseau) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 273 (1966)

= Pinus divaricata Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 163 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus hudsonica Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 389 (1804)

= Pinus rupestris F.Michx.; Hist. Arbr. Forest. 1: 49, t. 2 (1810)

= Pinus sylvestris var. divaricata Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 366 (1789)

species :

Pinus bhutanica Grierson, D.G.Long & C.N.Page; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38(2): 299 (1980)

Name: Bhutan pine (EN)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus bhutanica subsp. ludlowii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 16 (2009)

= Pinus bhutanica var. ludlowii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 29 (2000)

= Pinus wallichiana subsp. bhutanica (Grierson, D.G.Long & C.N.Page) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 10 (1999)

species :

Pinus brachyptera Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 89 (1848)

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Sonora)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. brachyptera (Engelm.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 18(1): 16 (2011)

= Pinus ponderosa var. brachyptera (Engelm.) Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 73, 98 (1888)

species :

Pinus brutia Ten.; Fl. Napol. 72., & Fl. Napol. 4: 136 (1830), & Fl. Napol. 5: 266 (1835-6) (1815)

Name: Kalabrische Kiefer, Turkish Pine

Distribution: Italy [I]; Croatia [I]; Montenegro [I]; European Turkey; Greece (scattered, incl. Kiklades, Thasos, Samothraki, Limnos); Crete (widespread); Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Dodecanese, Kos, Karpathos, Simi, Kasos, Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (widespread W-, S- & C-Anatolia); Iraq; Afghanistan [I] (Farah [I], Herat [I], Nangarhar [I]); Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Israel

13 cro GRC ita KRI mnt TUE 20 alg mor 34 afg CYP EAI IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus brutia f. agrophiotii (Papaj.) Kandemir & Mataracı; Resimli Türkiye Florasi (Ill. Fl. Turkey) 2: 333 (2018)

= Pinus brutia f. kruepericola Frankis; Papers Int. Symp. Pinus brutia Ten., Marmaris 14 (1993)

= Pinus brutia f. pyramidalis (Selik) Kandemir & Mataracı; Resimli Türkiye Florasi (Ill. Fl. Turkey) 2: 333 (2018)

= Pinus brutia var. agrophiotii Papaj.; Extrait des Praktika de l´Academie d´Athens 11: 14 (1936)

= Pinus brutia var. densifolia Yalt. & Boydak; Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Derg., A 39(2): 48 (1989 publ. 1992), without type, et Karaca Arbor. Mag. 5(4): 175 (2000)

= Pinus brutia var. pyramidalis Selik; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 62: 62 (1962)

= Pinus halepensis subsp. brutia (Ten.) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr., n. s., 1(2): 29 (1914)

= Pinus halepensis var. brutia (Ten.) A.Henry; Trees Great Britain [Elwes & Henry] 5: 1100 (1910)

= Pinus persica Fox-Strangw.; Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 15: 130 (1839)

variant :

var. eldarica (Medw.) Silba; Phytologia 58(6): 367 (1985)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Georgia [Caucasus] (Kiziki); Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, E-Anatolia); N-Iraq; NW-Iran

32 TKM 33 AZE GEO 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus brutia subsp. eldarica (Medw.) Nahal; Ann. École Natl. Eaux 19: 521 (1962)

= Pinus eldarica Medw.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(2): 21 (1902)

= Pinus halepensis var. eldarica (Medw.) Fitschen; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 392 (1930)

variant :

var. pendulifolia Frankis; Papers Int. Symp. Pinus brutia Ten., Marmaris 14 (1993)

Distribution: Turkey (Mugla, Antalya, Mersin)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus brutia subsp. pendulifolia (Frankis) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 17 (2009)

variant :

var. pithyusa (Gordon) Silba ex Kovalchuk; Ann. Bot. Fennici 62: 146 (2025)

Name: Pityusen-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus (Krasnodar); Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)

14 KRY 33 GEO NCS

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus abasica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 352 (1855)

= Pinus abchasica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 352 (1855), nom. inval.

= Pinus brutia subsp. pityusa (Steven) Nahal; Ann. École Natl. Eaux 19: 521 (1962), nom. inval.

= Pinus brutia subsp. stankewiczii (Sukaczev) Nahal; Ann. École Natl. Eaux 19: 521 (1962)

= Pinus brutia var. caucasica Lipsky; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 14(2): 309 (1898)

= Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Gordon) Silba ex Farjon; World Checkl. & Bibliogr. Conifers: 167 (1998)

= Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Steven) Silba; Phytologia 58(6): 367 (1985), nom. inval.

= Pinus brutia var. stankewiczii (Sukaczev) Frankis; Papers Int. Symp. Pinus brutia Ten., Marmaris 14 (1993)

= Pinus halepensis subsp. pityusa (Gordon) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 22 (1983)

= Pinus halepensis subsp. stankewiczii (Sukaczev) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 22 (1983)

= Pinus halepensis var. abasica (Carrière) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 507 (1867)

= Pinus halepensis var. pithyusa (Gordon) Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 166 (1858), isonym

= Pinus halepensis var. pithyusa (Gordon) Knight; Syn. Conif. Pl. 27 (1850)

= Pinus pithyusa Fox-Strangw. ex Gordon; Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 16: 638 (1840), nom. inval.

= Pinus pithyusa Gordon; Gard. Chron. 1841(35): 564 (1841)

= Pinus pitiusa Nordmann; Bull. Sci. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 2(6): 93 (1837), nom. inval.

= Pinus pityusa (Gordon) Steven ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 209 (1884)

= Pinus pityusa Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 49 (1838), nom. inval.

= Pinus pityusa var. stankewiczii Sukaczev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 1: 37 (1906)

= Pinus stankewiczii (Sukaczev) Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 21 (1914), clavi

= Pinus ×istratovae L.V.Orlova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 23 (2001)

species :

Pinus bungeana Zucc.; Syn. Conif. 166 (1847)

Name: Lace-bark pine (EN)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Hebei, W-Henan, W-Hubei, S-Shaanxi, Shanxi, N-Sichuan); South Korea [I]

36 CHI 38 kor

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, subsect. Gerardianae

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus bungeana var. albicortex T.B.Chao, Zhi X.Chen & X.K.Li; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 6 (2021)

= Pinus bungeana var. pendulifolia T.B.Chao, Zhi X.Chen & X.K.Li; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 6 (2021)

= Pinus bungeana var. pyrimidalis T.B.Chao, Zhi X.Chen & X.K.Li; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 6 (2021)

= Pinus excorticata Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 217 (1850)

species :

Pinus californiarum D.K.Bailey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44: 278 (1987)

Distribution: USA (S-Nevada, S-California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Parrya

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus monophylla var. californiarum (D.K.Bailey) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 54 (1990)

= Pinus monophylla subsp. californiarum (D.K.Bailey) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 26 (2009)

species :

Pinus canariensis C.Sm.; Phys. Beschr. Canar. Ins. [Buch] 159 (1825) ex DC., Pl. Rar. Jard. Genève I (1829)

Name: Canary Pine (EN), Kanaren-Kiefer (DE), Pino canario (ES)

Distribution: Italy [I]; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); South Africa [I]; Cyprus [I]; Taiwan [I]

13 ita 21 CNY 27 saf 34 cyp 38 tai

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Pinus caribaea Morelet; Rev. Hort. Côte d´Or, Sér. 4, 1: 107 (1855), et in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Moselle 7: 97-101 (1885)

Name: Pitch Pine (EN); Pino, Pino amarillo, Pino macho (Cuba)

Distribution: Gambia [I]; Benin [I]; Gabon [I]; China [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Cook Isl. [I]; Austral Isl. [I]; Belize [I]; Costa Rica [I]; W-Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud); Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [c]

22 ben gam 23 gab 36 chi 40 ban 41 mya 60 fij nue rot van 61 aui coo 80 blz cos 81 CUB trt 82 clm frg guy sur 83 bol per

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, elliottii group

Conservation Status: vulnerable (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus recurvata Rowlee; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 107 (1903)

variant :

var. bahamensis (Griseb.) W.H.Barrett & Golfari; Caribbean Forest. 23: 63 (1962)

Name: Caribbean pine-tree (Bahamas)

Distribution: Bahamas (New Providence, Andros Isl., Grand Bahama, Abaco Isl.); Turks & Caicos Isl.

81 BAH TCI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus caribaea subsp. bahamensis (Griseb.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 17 (2009)

= Pinus bahamensis Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 503 (1862)

variant :

var. hondurensis (Sénécl.) W.H.Barrett & Golfari; Caribbean Forest. 23: 65 (1962)

Distribution: Guam [I]; Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo); N-Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; St. Lucia [I]

62 gum 79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON NIC 81 his pue stl

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus caribaea subsp. hondurensis (Sénécl.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 17 (2009)

= Pinus hondurensis Loock; Bull. S. African Dept. Forest. 35: 210 (1950), nom. illeg.

= Pinus hondurensis Sénécl.; Conifer. Monogr. 126 (1868)

species :

Pinus cembra L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1000 (1753)

Name: Swiss stone pine (EN), Arve, Zirbelkiefer (DE)

Distribution: Iceland [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Estonia [I]; Belarus [I]; Ukraine; Canada [I] (Ontario [I])

10 fin ice nor swe 11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV 14 blr est UKR 72 cdn

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Apinus cembra (L.) Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 3: 270 (1790)

= Apinus cembra (L.) Neck. ex Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 597 (1905)

= Cembra montana Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 27 (1852)

= Pinea cembra (L.) Opiz; Oekon. Neuigk. Verh. 1838: 526 (1839)

= Pinus cedrus Uspenski; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 7: 389 (1834)

= Pinus cembra unranked columnaris Hellm. ex Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 6: 57 (1897)

= Pinus cembra f. columnaris (Hellm. ex Beissn.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 33 (1949)

= Pinus cembra f. helvetica (Christ) Suess.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.], ed. 2, 1: 151 (1936)

= Pinus cembra subsp. communis Endl.; Syn. Conif.: 142 (1847), nom. inval.

= Pinus cembra var. alpina Rikli; Neue Denkschr. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 44: 382 (1909), nom. inval.

= Pinus cembra var. fruticosa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 189 (1841)

= Pinus cembra var. helvetica (Christ) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 1: 106 (1907), nom. inval.

= Pinus cembra var. helvetica (Christ) J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 71 (1839), nom. inval.

= Pinus cembra var. helvetica Lodd. ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2276 (1838), nom. inval.

= Pinus cembra var. pendula J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 107 (1866)

= Pinus humistrata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 388 (1867)

= Pinus montana Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 651 (1779)

= Pinus montana Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 398 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus montana subsp. arborea (Tubeuf) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi, Begr.], ed. 2, 1: 147 (1935)

= Pinus pygmaea Fisch. ex Endl.; Syn. Conif. 142 (1847)

= Strobus cembra (L.) Moldenke; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 30 (1939)

species :

Pinus cembroides Zucc.; Abh. Math.-Phys. Cl. Königl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1: 392 (1832)

subspecies :

subsp. cembroides

Name: Mexican nut pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembroides var. llaveana (Schiede ex Schltdl.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 95 (1907)

= Pinus fertilis Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 76 (1862)

= Pinus llaveana Schiede ex Schltdl.; Linnaea 12: 488 (1838)

= Pinus osteosperma Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 89 (1848)

subspecies :

subsp. orizabensis D.K.Bailey; Phytologia 54(2): 89 (1983)

Name: Orizaba piñon (ES)

Distribution: Mexico (Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembroides Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 1: 236 (1846) (non Zucc. (1832))

= Pinus cembroides var. orizabensis (D.K.Bailey) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 48 (1990)

= Pinus orizabensis (D.K.Bailey) D.K.Bailey & Hawksw.; Novon 2(4): 306 (1992)

species :

Pinus cernua P.K.Lôc ex Aver., K.S.Nguyen & T.H.Nguyên; Nordic J. Bot. 32(6): 792 (2014)

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

species :

Pinus chiapensis (Martínez) Andresen; Phytologia 10: 417 (1964)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus strobus var. chiapensis Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 11: 81 (1940)

= Pinus strobus subsp. chiapensis (Martínez) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Sarg.; Rep. For. N. Amer. 199 (1884)

Name: Sand pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida)

78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Contortae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus clausa subsp. immuginata (D.B.Ward) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 22 (1983)

= Pinus clausa var. immuginata D.B.Ward; Castanea 28: 4 (1963)

= Pinus inops subsp. clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 177 (1880)

= Pinus inops var. clausa Chapm. ex Engelm.; Bot. Gaz. 2: 125 (1877)

= Pinus virginiana subsp. clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

species :

Pinus contorta Boland.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 227 (1866)

Name: Tamarack pine, Shore pine (EN)

Distribution: Iceland [I]; England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Shetland Isl. [I], Isle of Man [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Italy [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Romania [I]; New Zealand [I]; Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Campeche, Yucatan); Argentina [I]; Chile [I]

10 den fin grb ice ire nor swe 11 bgm ger 12 cis 13 ita kos rom srb 51 nzl 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX 85 arg cle

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Contortae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 975 (1842), isonym

= Pinus inops Bong.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 168 (1833), nom. illeg.

= Pinus macintoshiana P.Lawson; Cat. 1855: 15 (1855)

= Pinus saskatchawensis Hook. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 381 (1868)

variant :

var. bolanderi (Parl.) Lemmon; Erythea 2: 176 (1894)

Name: Mendocino Sands Shore pine (EN)

Distribution: W-USA (California: Mendocino Co.)

76 USA

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus bolanderi Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 379 (1868)

= Pinus contorta subsp. bolanderi (Parl.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 22 (1982)

variant :

var. latifolia Engelm. ex S.Watson; Botany (Fortieth Parallel) 331 (1871)

Name: Lodgepole pine (EN)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus bourcieri Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 4, 3: 225 (1854)

= Pinus boursieri Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 398 (1855), orth. var.

= Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia (Engelm. ex S.Watson) Critchf.; Publ. Maria Moors Cabot. Found. Bot. Res. no. 3: 107 (1957)

= Pinus contorta subsp. latifolia (Engelm. ex S.Watson) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus contorta var. bourcieri (Carrière) House; Muhlenbergia 9: 85 (1914)

= Pinus contorta var. hendersonii Lemmon; Erythea 2: 176 (1894)

= Pinus divaricata var. hendersonii (Lemmon) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 272 (1966)

= Pinus divaricata var. latifolia (Engelm. ex S.Watson) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 272 (1966)

= Pinus divaricata var. musci B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 272 (1966)

= Pinus murrayana var. sargentii Mayr; Wald. Nordamer. 349 (1889)

= Pinus tamrac A.Murray bis; Gard. Chron. 1869: 191 (1869)

= Pinus tenuis Lemmon; Erythea 6: 77 (1898), nom. illeg.

variant :

var. murrayana (Balf.) Engelm.; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 2: 126 (1880)

Name: Sierra lodgepole pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Conservation Status: IUCN I

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus contorta subsp. murrayana (Balf.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 177 (1880)

= Pinus contorta subsp. murrayana (Balf.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus muricata Boland.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 227 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Pinus murrayana Balf.; Bot. Exped. Oregon [A.Murray] 2 (1853), ex A. Murray bis in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 6: 351 (1860)

variant :

var. yukonensis W.L.Strong; Nordic J. Bot. 28(4): 448 (-452, figs. 1-2)

Name: Yukon pine (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Yukon)

70 CDN

species :

Pinus cooperi C.E.Blanco; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 20: 185 (1950)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua, Sonora, S-Sinaloa, ?Nayarit, ?Jalisco)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus arizonica subsp. cooperi (C.E.Blanco) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 14 (2009)

= Pinus arizonica subsp. ornelasii (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 14 (2009)

= Pinus arizonica var. cooperi (C.E.Blanco) Farjon; Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 75: 107 (1997)

= Pinus cooperi var. ornelasii (Martínez) Blanco; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 185 (1945)

= Pinus lutea C.E.Blanco ex Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 233 (1945), nom. illeg.

= Pinus lutea var. ornelasii Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 237, fig. 199-202 (1945)

species :

Pinus coulteri D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 440 (1837)

Name: Coulter pine, Bigcone pine (EN)

Distribution: Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; W-USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

20 alg mor 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Sabinianae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus coulteri var. diabloensis Lemmon; Sierra Club Bull. 4: 130 (1902)

= Pinus macrocarpa Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 61 (1840)

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. coulteri (D.Don) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus cubensis Griseb.; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 8: 530 (1863)

Name: Cuban pine (EN)

Distribution: E-Cuba

81 CUB

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, elliottii group

Conservation Status: vulnerable (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cubensis Griseb. ex Carabia; Caribbean Forest. 2: 94 (1941), descr. emend.

= Pinus cubensis subsp. maestraensis (Bisse) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 19 (2009)

= Pinus cubensis var. anomala Rowlee; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 108 (1903)

= Pinus maestraensis Bisse; Ciencias (Havana), Ser. 10, Bot. 2: 2 (1975)

= Pinus montezumae var. cubensis Nutt.; N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 141 (1849)

= Pinus occidentalis var. cubensis (Griseb.) Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 55 (1984)

= Pinus occidentalis var. maestraensis (Bisse) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 57 (1990)

= Pinus wrightii Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 185 (1880)

species :

Pinus culminicola Andresen & Beaman; J. Arnold Arbor. 42: 437 (1961)

Name: Potosi pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Conservation Status: IUCN V/E

species :

Pinus dalatensis Ferré; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 6: Art. 4 (Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse, 95) 8 (1960)

Distribution: Laos; Vietnam

41 LAO VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus wallichiana var. dalatensis (Ferré) Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 59 (1984)

variant :

var. anemophila (Businský) Aver.; Nordic J. Bot. 32(6): 793 (2014), et Turczaninowia 18(1): 13 (2015)

Distribution: Laos

41 LAO

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus anemophila Businský; Acta Pruhon. 96: 5 (-13, figs.) (2010)

variant :

var. bidoupensis Businský; Candollea 54(1): 127 (1999)

Distribution: S-Vietnam (Bi Doup Mt.)

41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus dalatensis subsp. bidoupensis (Businský) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 19 (2009)

variant :

var. procera (Businský) Aver.; Turczaninowia 18(1): 15 (2015)

Distribution: SC-Vietnam

Error

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus dalatensis subsp. procera Businský; Candollea 54(1): 133 (1999)

species :

Pinus densata Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 416 (1906)

Name: Gaoshan pine (EN)

Distribution: China (S-Qinghai, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densata subsp. tibetica Businský; Harvard Pap. Bot. 13(1): 12 (2008)

= Pinus densata subsp. wilsonii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 19 (2009)

= Pinus prominens Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 417 (1906)

= Pinus sinensis var. densata (Mast.) Shaw; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 17 (1914)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. densata (Mast.) Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 7: 23 (1926)

species :

Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 22, t. 112 (1842)

Name: Japanese red pine (EN)

Distribution: ?Russian Far East (?Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, NE-Jiangsu, SE-Jilin, Liaoning, E-Shandong, N-Shandong); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (S-Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densiflora f. aggregata Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31 (Fl. Kor. 2): 380 (1911)

= Pinus densiflora f. aurea (Mayr) E.H.Wilson; Conif. Tax. Japan: 26 (1916)

= Pinus densiflora f. aurescens Uyeki; Bull. Agric. Forest. Coll. Suigen (Suwon) 1: 4 (1925)

= Pinus densiflora f. brevifolia (Liou & Q.L.Wang) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 49 (1979)

= Pinus densiflora f. congesta Uyeki; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 17 (1938)

= Pinus densiflora f. erecta Uyeki; Bull. Soc. Dendrol. France 66: 49 (1928)

= Pinus densiflora f. globosa (Mayr) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 439 (1909)

= Pinus densiflora f. liaotungensis (Liou & Q.L.Wang) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 50 (1979)

= Pinus densiflora f. multicaulis Uyeki; Bull. Agric. Forest. Coll. Suigen (Suwon) 1: 4 (1925)

= Pinus densiflora f. nigricorticalis Q.L.Wang; Fl. Liaoningica 1: 152 (1988)

= Pinus densiflora f. oculus-draconis (Mayr) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 439 (1909)

= Pinus densiflora f. pendula (Mayr) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 439 (1909)

= Pinus densiflora f. sylvestriformis Taken.; J. Jap. Forest. Soc. 24: 120 (1942)

= Pinus densiflora f. umbraculifera (Mayr) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 439 (1909)

= Pinus densiflora f. vittata Uyeki; Bull. Agric. Forest. Coll. Suigen (Suwon) 1: 1 (1925)

= Pinus densiflora subsp. zhangwuensis (S.J.Zhang, C.X.Li & X.Y.Yuan) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38 (2009)

= Pinus densiflora var. albifolia Castillón ex Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 46: 272 (1874)

= Pinus densiflora var. aurea Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 91 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. aureovariegata-pendula Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 93 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. brevifolia Liou & Q.L.Wang; Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China 98 (1955)

= Pinus densiflora var. globosa Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 91 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. liaotungensis Liou & Q.L.Wang; Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China 548 (1955)

= Pinus densiflora var. oculus-draconis Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 91 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. oculus-draconis-pendula Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 91 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. pendula Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 91 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. sylvestriformis (Taken.) Q.L.Wang; Checkl. Pl. Changbai: 49 (1982)

= Pinus densiflora var. umbraculifera Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 92 (1890)

= Pinus densiflora var. zhangwuensis S.J.Zhang, C.X.Li & X.Y.Yuan; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 15(3): 338 (1995)

= Pinus japonica Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 33 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Pinus massoniana Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 503 (1881), nom. illeg.

= Pinus rubra Sieber ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 58 (1862)

= Pinus scopifera Miq.; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 82 (1854)

= Pinus sylvestriformis (Taken.) Z.Wang

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. densiflora (Siebold & Zucc.) Vorosch.; Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh S.S.S.R. [A.K.Skvortsov] 146 (1985)

= Pinus sylvestris var. sylvestriformis (Taken.) W.C.Cheng & C.D.Chu; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 246 (1978)

species :

Pinus devoniana Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 62 (1839)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Costa Rica [I]

79 MEX 80 cos GUA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus devoniana subsp. nayaritana (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 37 (2009), nom. inval.

= Pinus devoniana subsp. procera (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 37 (2009)

= Pinus devoniana subsp. quevedoi (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 20 (2009)

= Pinus devoniana subsp. tumida (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 37 (2009)

= Pinus devoniana subsp. wincesteriana (Gordon) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 20 (2009)

= Pinus filifolia Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 61 (1840)

= Pinus grenvilleae Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 77 (1847)

= Pinus macrophylla Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 63 (1839)

= Pinus magnifica Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 28 (1857)

= Pinus michoacaensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 26 (1857)

= Pinus michoacana f. nayaritana Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 15: 6 (1944), nom. inval., et Pinos Mexic., ed. 2, 266 (1948)

= Pinus michoacana f. procera Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2: 257 (1948)

= Pinus michoacana f. tumida Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2, 258, fig. (1948)

= Pinus michoacana Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 15: 1 (1944)

= Pinus michoacana var. cornuta Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 15: 1 (1944)

= Pinus michoacana var. quevedoi Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 15: 1 (1944)

= Pinus montezumae var. macrophylla (Lindl.) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 399 (1868)

= Pinus nec-plus-ultra Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 584 (1867)

= Pinus ocampii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 28 (1857)

= Pinus pawlikowskiana Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 81 (1862)

= Pinus pawlikowskiana Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 556 (1867)

= Pinus quevedoi (Martínez) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse 1(1, 1(2))6: 82 (1960)

= Pinus skinneri Forbes ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum: 223 (1858) non Carrière 1855

= Pinus verschaffeltii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 29 (1857)

= Pinus verschaffeltii Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 555 (1867)

= Pinus wincesteriana Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 158 (1847)

= Pinus zamoraensis Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 585 (1867)

= Pinus zitacuarensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 29 (1857)

= Pinus zitacuarensis var. nitida Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 554 (1867)

species :

Pinus discolor D.K.Bailey & Hawksw.; Phytologia 44(3): 130 (1979), nom. nov.

Name: Border piñon (ES), Border pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (SE-Arizona, SW-New Mexico); Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, México State)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembroides subsp. bicolor (Little) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 17 (2009)

= Pinus culminicola var. bicolor (Little) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

= Pinus culminicola var. discolor (Bailey & Hawksworth) Silba; Phytologia 56(7): 490 (1985), nom. superfl.

= Pinus cembroides var. bicolor Little; Phytologia 17: 336 (1968)

species :

Pinus durangensis Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 13: 23 (1942)

Name: Durango pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Durango, Zacatecase, Jalisco)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae. See also P. martinezii which was often included here

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus durangensis f. quinquefoliata Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2: 232 (1948)

= Pinus durangensis subsp. quinquefoliata (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38 (2009)

species :

Pinus echinata Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 12 (1768)

Name: Shortleaf pine (EN)

Distribution: China [I] (Fujian [I], Jiangsu [I], Zhejiang [I]); Taiwan [I]; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)

36 chi 38 tai 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus lutea Lodd. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 170 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus mitis Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 204 (1803)

= Pinus mitis var. paupera Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot.: 660 (1861)

= Pinus royleana Jameson ex Lindl.; J. Hort. Soc. London 9: 52 (1855)

= Pinus roylei Lindl. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 170 (1858)

= Pinus squarrosa Walter; Fl. Carol.: 237 (1788)

= Pinus taeda var. echinata (Mill.) Castigl.; Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 313 (1790)

= Pinus taeda var. variabilis Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 368 (1789)

= Pinus variabilis (Aiton) Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert] 1: 25, t. 16 (1803)

= Pinus virginiana var. echinata (Mill.) Du Roi; Diss. Inaug. Obs. Bot.: 44 (1771)

species :

Pinus edulis Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 88 (1848)

Name: Twoneedle pinyon, Pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua)

73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Synonyms: hidden

= Caryopitys edulis (Engelm.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 29 (1903)

= Pinus cembroides subsp. edulis (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 22 (1982)

= Pinus cembroides var. edulis (Engelm.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 1907: 95 (1908)

= Pinus monophylla var. edulis (Engelm.) M.E.Jones; Zoe 2: 251 (1891)

species :

Pinus elliottii Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 186 (1880)

Name: Slash pine (EN)

Distribution: South Africa [I] (Free State [I]); China [I] (widespread [I]); Taiwan [I]; Fiji [I]; USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)

27 saf 36 chi 38 tai 60 fij 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus heterophylla (Elliott) Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 17: 19 (1893), not K. Koch (1849)

= Pinus taeda var. heterophylla Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 2: 636 (1824)

variant :

var. densa Little & K.W.Dorman; J. Forest. (Washington) 50: 921 (1952)

Name: Florida slash pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (S-Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densa (Little & K.W.Dorman) de Laub. & Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 50 (1984)

= Pinus densa (Little & K.W.Dorman) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 6: 52, clavi, 108 (1960)

= Pinus densa var. austrokeyensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 49 (1990), as ´austro-keysensis´

= Pinus elliottii subsp. austrokeyensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 21 (2009), as ´austrokeysensis´

= Pinus elliottii subsp. densa (Little & K.W.Dorman) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus engelmannii Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 4, 3: 227 (1854), & Conif. ed. I. 356

Name: Apache pine (EN)

Distribution: SW-USA (SE-Arizona, SW-New Mexico); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus apacheca Lemmon; Erythea 2: 103, pl. 3 (1894)

= Pinus engelmannii subsp. blancoi (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 21 (2009)

= Pinus engelmannii var. blancoi (Martínez) Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2: 288 (1948)

= Pinus latifolia H.Mayr; Gard. & Forest 2: 496 (1889)

= Pinus latifolia Sarg.; Gard. & Forest 2: 496, f. 135 (1889)

= Pinus macrophylla Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 103 (non Lindl. (1839))

= Pinus macrophylla var. blancoi Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 14: 345 (1944)

= Pinus mayriana Sudw.; Bull. Forest. Div. U.S.D.A. 14: 21 (1897), nom. illeg.

= Pinus mayriana var. apacheca (Lemmon) Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 4: 112 (1900)

= Pinus ponderosa var. macrophylla (Engelm.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 24, pl. 17 (1909)

= Pinus ponderosa var. mayriana (Sudw.) Sarg.; Silva [Sargent] 11: 81 (1897)

species :

Pinus fenzeliana Hand.-Mazz.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 80: 337 (1931)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, SE-Sichuan); NW-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus. See also P. kwangtungensis which is frequently included here.

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armandi var. fenzeliana (Hand.-Mazz.) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

= Pinus eremitana Businský; Willdenowia 34(1): 234 (2004)

= Pinus fenzeliana subsp. annamensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 21 (2009)

= Pinus fenzeliana var. annamensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 30 (2000), as ´annamiensis´

= Pinus orthophylla Businský; Willdenowia 34(1): 229 (2004)

= Pinus wangii var. eremitana (Businský) Aver.; Turczaninowia 18(1): 15 (2015)

variant :

var. dabeshanensis (W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law) L.K.Fu & Nan Li; Novon 7(3): 262 (1997)

Distribution: China (SW-Anhui, SE-Henan, E-Hubei)

36 CHI

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armandi subsp. dabeshanensis (W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 15 (2009)

= Pinus armandi var. dabeshanensis (W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 47 (1990)

= Pinus dabeshanensis W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law ex W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

species :

Pinus flexilis E.James; Narrat. Exped. St. Peter´s River [Keating] 2: 27, 35 (1823)

Name: Limber pine (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Apinus flexilis (E.James) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 598 (1905)

= Pinus cembra var. flexilis (E.James) F.Sanders; Gard. Chron., n. s. 2: 735 (1874)

= Pinus flexilis subsp. alpina (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 22 (2009)

= Pinus flexilis subsp. callahanii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 22 (2009)

= Pinus flexilis var. alpina Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 30 (2000)

= Pinus flexilis var. callahanii Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 30 (2000)

= Pinus flexilis var. macrocarpa Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 258 (1878 publ. 1879)

= Pinus flexilis var. megalocarpa Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 16 (1897)

= Pinus flexilis var. serrulata Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 258 (1878 publ. 1879)

= Pinus lambertiana var. brevifolia Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 162 (1838)

= Pinus novaemexicana P.Landry; Phytologia 65: 479 (1989)

species :

Pinus georginae Pérez de la Rosa; Brittonia 61(1): 56 (2009)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

species :

Pinus gerardiana Wall. ex D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 3, 2: 151 (1832)

Distribution: E-Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); S-Tibet; N-Pakistan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, etc.)

34 AFG 36 TIB 40 IND PAK

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, subsect. Gerardianae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus aucklandii Lodd. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 195 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus chilghoza Elphick ex Knight; Syn. Conif. 30 (1847), nom. inval.

= Pinus gerardii Forbes; Hort. Woburn. 210 (1833), orth. var.

= Pinus neosa Gouan ex W.H.Baxter; Hort. Brit. [Loudon], Suppl. 3, 2: 658 (1839), nom. inval.

species :

Pinus glabra Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 237 (1788)

Name: Spruce pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina)

78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

species :

Pinus gordoniana Hartw. ex Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 79 (1847)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus montezumae subsp. gordoniana (Hartw. ex Gordon) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 27 (2009)

= Pinus montezumae var. gordoniana (Hartw.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 55 (1990)

= Pinus douglasiana Martínez; Madroño 7: 4 (1943)

species :

Pinus greggii Engelm. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 396 (1868)

Name: Gregg´s pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, patula group

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus pseudopatula Bois; Bull. Soc. Natl. Acclim. France, Sér. 4, 60: 140 (1913), in obs., nomen, ex Robertson in Empire For. J. 13: 256 (1934)

variant :

var. australis Donahue & Lopez Upton; Sida 18(4): 1092 (1999)

Distribution: Mexico (Queretaro, Hidalgo, N-Puebla)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus greggii subsp. australis (Donahue & Lopez Upton) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 22 (2009)

species :

Pinus halepensis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 8 (1768), nom. cons.

Name: Aleppo pine (EN), Aleppo-Kiefer (DE); Pino carrasco (ES)

Distribution: Portugal [I]; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; France; Monaco [c]; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta [I]; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (widespread, incl. Kiklades); Crete (very rare); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera); South Africa [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Dodecanese); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iran; Cyprus [I]; Lebanon; Syria; Israel; Jordania; Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (California [I]); Mexico [c]

12 ADO COR FRA GIB mco por SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI mlt MNT NMA PEL PTL SIC SLV sma 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 27 saf 34 cyp EAI IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 38 tai 50 aus 51 nzl 76 usa 79 mex

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus arabica Sieber ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 886 (1826)

= Pinus australis Hort.Berol. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 237 (1841)

= Pinus cairica D.Don ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 166 (1858), orth. var.

= Pinus carica D.Don; Discov. Lycia [C. Fellows]: 294 (1841)

= Pinus ceciliae Llorens & L.Llorens; Bol. Soc. Hist. Nat. Baleares 17: 51 (1972)

= Pinus colchica Booth ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 166 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus genuensis J.Cook; Sketch. Spain 2: 236 (1834)

= Pinus halepensis subsp. ceciliae (Llorens & L.Llorens) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 22 (2009)

= Pinus halepensis var. carica (D.Don) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 393 (1855)

= Pinus halepensis var. ceciliae (Llorens & L.Llorens) L.Llorens; Mediterranea (Alicante) 3: 116 (1979) ex Rosselló, Cubas & N. Torres, Candollea 47(1): 67 (1992)

= Pinus halepensis var. genuensis (Cook) Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 2 (1840)

= Pinus halepensis var. minor Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 2 (1840)

= Pinus halepensis var. pendula P.P.Ferrer & R.Ferrer; Bouteloua 19: 200 (2014)

= Pinus hierosolimitana Duhamel; Traité Arbr. Arbust. [Duhamel] 2: 126 (1755), nom. inval.

= Pinus hispanica J.Cook; Sketch. Spain 2: 337 (1834)

= Pinus loiseleuriana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 382 (1855)

= Pinus maritima Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 7 (1768)

= Pinus maritima W.T.Aiton; Hort. Kew., ed. 2 [W.T.Aiton] 5: 315 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Pinus paroliniana Webb ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 391 (1855)

= Pinus parolinii Vis.; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 6: 243 (1856)

= Pinus penicillus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 63 (1813)

= Pinus pseudohalepensis Dehnh. ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. t. 400 (1855)

= Pinus sylvestris Gouan; Fl. Monsp. [Gouan] 418 (1764) non L.

= Pinus tatarica K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 289 (1873), non Mill.

species :

Pinus hartwegii Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 62 (1839)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus aculcensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus amecaensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus atrovirens Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 71 (1862)

= Pinus clamaensis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 585 (1867)

= Pinus corrugata Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 74 (1862)

= Pinus decaisneana var. wilsonii (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 544 (1867)

= Pinus decandolleana var. ehrenbergii (Endl.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 570 (1867)

= Pinus donnell-smithii Mast.; Bot. Gaz. 16: 199 (1891)

= Pinus ehrenbergii Endl.; Syn. Conif. 151 (1847)

= Pinus ehrenbergii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 21 (1857)

= Pinus endlicheriana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 19 (1857)

= Pinus frondosa Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 76 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus geitneri Roezl; Pinetum, Suppl. 76 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus hartwegii subsp. donnell-smithii (Mast.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 23 (2009)

= Pinus hartwegii subsp. rudis (Endl.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 23 (2009)

= Pinus hartwegii var. rudis (Endl.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 50 (1990)

= Pinus iztacihuatlii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus krelagii Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 78 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus lindleyana Loudon ex Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 215 (1850)

= Pinus longifolia Roezl ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 3: 187 (1882)

= Pinus lowii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 18 (1857)

= Pinus montezumae Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 232 (1858)

= Pinus montezumae subsp. hartwegii (Lindl.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 177 (1880)

= Pinus montezumae var. hartwegii (Lindl.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 1: 23 (1909)

= Pinus montezumae var. lindleyana (Loudon ex Gordon & Glend.) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 399 (1868)

= Pinus montezumae var. rudis (Endl.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 1: 22 (1909)

= Pinus northumberlandiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 13 (1857)

= Pinus papeleuii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 31 (1857)

= Pinus resinosa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus robusta Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 19 (1857)

= Pinus roezlii Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 575 (1867)

= Pinus rudis Endl.; Syn. Conif. 151 (1847)

= Pinus scoparia Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus standishii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 30 (1857)

= Pinus suffruticosa Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 584 (1867)

= Pinus suffruticosa Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 84 (1862)

= Pinus tlamacaensis Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 85 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus wilsonii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 19 (1857)

species :

Pinus heldreichii Christ; Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 3: 549 (1863)

Name: Heldreich´s pine (EN), Heldreich-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (mountains)

13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS MNT NMA SRB

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus heldreichii f. vivipara Tucović & Stilinović; Naucni Skup. Srpske Akad. Nauk i Umetnosti 1: 5 (1974)

= Pinus heldreichii subsp. leucodermis (Antoine) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus heldreichii var. leucodermis (Antoine) Markgr. ex Fitschen; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 3: 404 (1930)

= Pinus heldreichii var. pancicii Fukarek; God. Biol. Inst. u Sarajevu 4(1): 41 (1951)

= Pinus laricio var. heldreichii (Christ) Mast.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 31: 304 (1902)

= Pinus laricio var. leucodermis (Antoine) Christ; Flora 50: 81 (1867)

= Pinus laricio var. pindica (Formánek) Mast.; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 31: 302 (1902)

= Pinus leucodermis Antoine; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 14: 366 (1864)

= Pinus nigra var. leucodermis (Antoine) Rehder; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2641 (1916)

= Pinus pindica Formánek; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 8: 68 (1890)

species :

Pinus henryi Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 550 (1890)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus henryi subsp. averyanovii Businský; Phyton (Horn) 56(2): 139 (2016)

= Pinus massoniana subsp. wulingensis (C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 26 (2009)

= Pinus massoniana var. henryi (Mast.) C.L.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 5(3): 153 (1956)

= Pinus massoniana var. wulingensis C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 8(3): 143 (1988)

= Pinus tabuliformis subsp. henryi (Mast.) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 26 (1999)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. henryi (Mast.) C.T.Kuan; Fl. Sichuan. 2: 113 (1983)

species :

Pinus herrerae Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 11: 76 (1940)

Name: Herrera´s pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, chihuahuana group

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus teocote var. herrerae (Martínez) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 63 (1990)

species :

Pinus hwangshanensis W.Y.Hsia; Contr. Inst. Bot. Natl. Acad. Peiping 4: 155 (1936)

Name: Huang Shan pine (EN)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, C-Guangxi, Guizhou, S-Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, SE-Yunnan, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus hwangshanensis subsp. transfluminea Businský; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 125(1): 7 (2003)

= Pinus luchuensis subsp. hwangshanensis (W.Y.Hsia) D.Z.Li; Edinburgh J. Bot. 54(3): 341 (1997)

= Pinus luchuensis subsp. shenkanensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 25 (2009)

= Pinus luchuensis var. hwangshanensis (W.Y.Hsia) C.L.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 5(3): 158 (1956)

= Pinus luchuensis var. shenkanensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 6(1): 26 (1999)

= Pinus taiwanensis subsp. damingshanensis (W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 35 (2009)

= Pinus taiwanensis var. damingshanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

species :

Pinus jaliscana Pérez de la Rosa; Phytologia 54(5): 290 (1983)

Name: Jalisco pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus jaliscana subsp. macvaughii (Carvajal) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 23 (2009)

= Pinus macvaughii Carvajal; Phytologia 59(2): 139 (1986)

= Pinus oocarpa var. macvaughii (Carvajal) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 57 (1990)

= Pinus patula var. jaliscana (Pérez de la Rosa) Silba; Phytologia 58(6): 368 (1985)

species :

Pinus jeffreyi Balf.; Bot. Exped. Oregon 2. cum tab., et ex A. Murray bis, Edinburgh New Philos. J. 11: 224 (1860)

Name: Jeffrey pine (EN)

Distribution: W-USA (SW-Oregon, N-California, W-Nevada); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Sabinianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus deflexa Torr.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 209 (1858)

= Pinus jeffreyana Loudon; Encycl. Pl. [Loudon], ed. 2: 1544 (1841), orth. var.

= Pinus jeffreyi subsp. baja-californica (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 24 (2009)

= Pinus jeffreyi var. baja-californica Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 52 (1990)

= Pinus jeffreyi var. deflexa (Torr.) Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 74, 100 (1888)

= Pinus jeffreyi var. peninsularis Lemmon; Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest. 2: 74 (1888)

= Pinus malletii Mottet; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 85: 263 (1913)

= Pinus peninsularis (Lemmon) Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 4: 114 (1900)

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. jeffreyi (Balf.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus ponderosa var. jeffreyi (Balf.) Vasey; Cat. Forest Trees U.S. 31 (1876)

= Pinus ponderosa var. malletii (Mottet) Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 105 (1907)

species :

Pinus johannis Robert-Passini; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 18(3): 366 (1978)

Name: Johannis pine (EN), dwarf pinon (ES)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus culminicola var. johannis (Robert-Passini) Silba; Phytologia 56(7): 491 (1985)

= Pinus cembroides subsp. johannis (Robert-Passini) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 18 (2009)

species :

Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon; Gard. Mag. & Reg. Rural Domest. Improv. 16: 8 (1840)

Distribution: Cameroon [I]; China [I] (Yunnan [I]); SE-Tibet; Bhutan [I]; NE-India (Khasia Hills, Assam); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago, Chin, Kachin, Mandalay, Sagaing, Shan); Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]

23 cmn 36 chi TIB 40 BAN bhu IND 41 cbd lao MYA tha vie

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cavendishiana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 429 (1867)

= Pinus cavendishiana Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 390 (1868), nom. inval.

= Pinus insularis var. khasyana (Griff.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 51 (1990)

= Pinus kasya Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 390 (1868), orth. var.

= Pinus kasya Royle ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 390 (1868), orth. var.

= Pinus khasia Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 179 (1880), orth. var.

= Pinus khasya Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 5: 652 (1888), orth. var.

= Pinus khasyana Griff.; Itin. Pl. Khasyah Mts.: 58 (1848), et Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 18 (1854)

= Pinus sinensis Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 3: t. 2 (1832)

variant :

var. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen ex Bui; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 2: 338 (1962)

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Myanmar (Mandalay, Shan); Laos; Vietnam; Philippines (Luzon)

36 CHI 41 LAO MYA VIE 42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus insularis Endl.; Syn. Conif. 157 (1847)

= Pinus insularis var. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 51 (1990)

= Pinus kesiya subsp. insularis (Endl.) D.Z.Li; Edinburgh J. Bot. 54(3): 346 (1997)

= Pinus kesiya subsp. langbianensis (A.Chev.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 24 (2009)

= Pinus kesiya subsp. szemaoensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. Revised version 16(1): 52 (51)

= Pinus langbianensis A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 24: 25 (1944)

= Pinus taeda Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 767 (1837) non L.

= Pinus timoriensis Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2269 (1838)

species :

Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 28, t. 116 (1842)

Name: Korean cedar (EN), Korea-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin); North Korea; South Korea; C-Japan; Taiwan [I]

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO tai

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Apinus koraiensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Moldenke; Phytologia 4: 125 (1952)

= Pinus cembra var. excelsa Maxim. ex Rupr.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 15: 141 (1857)

= Pinus cembra var. mandschurica (Rupr.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 390 (1867)

= Pinus koraiensis subsp. prokoraiensis (Y.T.Zhao, J.M.Lu & A.G.Gu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 24 (2009)

= Pinus mandshurica Rupr.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 15: 382 (1857)

= Pinus prokoraiensis Y.T.Zhao, J.M.Lu & A.G.Gu; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 10(4): 69 (1990)

= Strobus koraiensis (Siebold & Zucc.) Moldenke; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 30 (1939)

species :

Pinus krempfii Lecomte; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 27: 191 (1921)

Name: Krempf´s pine (EN)

Distribution: S-Vietnam

41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Krempfianae

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Ducampopinus krempfii (Lecomte) A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 24: 31 (1944)

= Pinus krempfii var. poilanei Lecomte; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 20: 325 (1924)

species :

Pinus kwangtungensis Chun ex Tsiang; Sunyatsenia 7: 113 (1948)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus. Status disputed, often included in P. fenzeliana

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus fenzeliana subsp. kwangtungensis (Chun ex Tsiang) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 21 (2009)

= Pinus fenzeliana subsp. varifolia (Nan Li & Y.C.Zhong) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38 (2009)

= Pinus kwangtungensis var. varifolia Nan Li & Y.C.Zhong; Novon 7: 262 (1997)

= Pinus parviflora var. fenzeliana (Hand.-Mazz.) C.L.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 5(3): 143 (1956)

= Pinus parviflora var. kwangtungensis (Chun ex Tsiang) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

= Pinus wangii subsp. kwangtungensis (Chun ex Tsiang) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 11 (1999)

= Pinus wangii subsp. varifolia (Nan Li & Y.C.Zhong) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 11 (1999)

= Pinus wangii var. kwangtungensis (Chun ex Tsiang) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 64 (1990)

= Pinus wangii var. varifolia (Nan Li & Y.C.Zhong) Aver.; Turczaninowia 18(1): 15 (2015)

species :

Pinus lagunae (Robert-Passini) Robert-Passini; Phytologia 63(5): 337 (1987)

Name: Laguna piñon (ES)

Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembroides var. lagunae Robert-Passini; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 1981(1): 64 (1981)

= Pinus cembroides subsp. lagunae (Robert-Passini) D.K.Bailey; Phytologia 54(2): 98 (1983)

species :

Pinus lambertiana Douglas; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 15: 500 (1827)

Name: Sugar pine (EN)

Distribution: W-USA (S-Oregon, W-Nevada, S-California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Picea lambertiana (Douglas) F.Sanders; Gard. Chron., n.s., 2: 702 (1874)

= Pinus lambertiana Douglas ex Taylor & Philips; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 2: 449 (1827)

= Pinus lambertiana subsp. martirensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 24 (2009)

= Pinus lambertiana var. martirensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 52 (1990)

= Pinus lambertiana var. minor Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 70 (1888)

= Pinus lambertiana var. purpurea Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 22 (1895)

= Strobus lambertiana (Douglas) Moldenke; Phytologia 4: 128 (1952)

species :

Pinus latteri Mason; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 1: 74 (1849)

Name: Tenasserim pine (EN)

Distribution: China (Hainan [I], SW-Guangdong, S-Guangxi); Taiwan [I]; Myanmar (Kayah, Mon, Shan, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo

36 CHI 38 tai 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus. Includes the mainland Asian populations of "P. merkusii"

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ikedae Yamam.; Contr. Fl. Kainan. 1: 20, t. 1 (1943)

= Pinus latteri subsp. tonkinensis (A.Chev.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 25 (2009)

= Pinus merkusiana Cooling & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 1, sect. 8: Art. VII. 5 (1970), nom. inval.

= Pinus merkusii subsp. latteri (Mason) D.Z.Li; Edinburgh J. Bot. 54(3): 346 (1997)

= Pinus merkusii var. latteri (Mason) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 53 (1990)

= Pinus merkusii var. tonkinensis (A.Chev.) Gaussen ex Bui; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 2: 336 (1962)

= Pinus tonkinensis A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 24: 29 (1944)

species :

Pinus lawsonii Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 64 (1862)

Name: Lawson´s pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus altamiranoi Shaw; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 1: 209 (1905)

= Pinus lawsonii subsp. gracilis (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 25 (2009)

= Pinus lawsonii var. gracilis Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 238 (1995)

species :

Pinus leiophylla Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6(2): 354 (1831)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, chihuahuana group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cedrus Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 23 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus comonfortii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 22 (1857)

= Pinus comonfortii var. gracilis (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 565 (1867)

= Pinus comonfortii var. lerdoi (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 567 (1867)

= Pinus comonfortii var. monte-alleggri (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 566 (1867)

= Pinus decandolleana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 22 (1857)

= Pinus decandolleana var. dependens (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 569 (1867)

= Pinus decandolleana var. verrucosa (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 570 (1867)

= Pinus dependens Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 23 (1857)

= Pinus ehrenbergii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 21 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus gracilis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 21 (1857)

= Pinus huisquilucaensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 22 (1857)

= Pinus lerdoi Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 23 (1857)

= Pinus lumholtzii var. microphylla Carvajal; Phytologia 59(2): 135 (1986)

= Pinus monte-alleggri Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 22 (1857)

= Pinus ocotechino Roezl ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 401 (1868), nom. illeg.

= Pinus verrucosa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 22 (1857)

variant :

var. chihuahuana (Engelm.) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 14, pl. 7 (1909)

Name: Chihuahuan pine (EN)

Distribution: SW-USA (SE-Arizona, SW-New Mexico); Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental, Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sonora, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus chihuahuana Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 103 (1848)

= Pinus leiophylla subsp. chihuahuana (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus longaeva D.K.Bailey; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 57(2): 243 (1971)

Name: Great Basin bristlecone pine (EN)

Distribution: W-USA (E-California, S-Nevada, Utah)

76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Balfourianae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus aristata subsp. longaeva (D.K.Bailey) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 21 (1983)

= Pinus aristata var. longaeva (D.K.Bailey) Little; Phytologia 42(3): 221 (1979)

= Pinus balfouriana subsp. longaeva (D.K.Bailey) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus luchuensis Mayr; Bot. Centralbl. 58: 149 (1894), Fremdl. Wald-u. Parkbaume Eur. 344

Name: Luchu pine, Okinawa pine (EN)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl. (Sakishima-shoto, Okinawa-shoto, Amami-shoto, Tokara-shoto); Ogasawara Isl. [I] (Chichijima Isl. [I]); Guam [I]

38 NNS 62 gum

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Pinus lumholtzii B.L.Rob. & Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 30: 122 (1895)

Name: Lumholtz´s pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Sonora, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, chihuahuana group

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Pinus luzmariae Pérez de la Rosa; Bol. Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara 5(1-3): 127 (1998), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Zacatecas); Honduras

79 MEX 80 HON

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus oocarpa var. trifoliata Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2: 308 (1948)

species :

Pinus martinezii E.Larsen; Madroño 17: 217 (1964)

Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Mexico State, Michoacán)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae. Of hybridogenous origin, genetically separate from P. durangensis fide Gernandt et al. and Contreras-Bailón et al. 2025

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus douglasiana var. martinezii (E.Larsen) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 49 (1990)

= Pinus durangensis subsp. martinezii (E.Larsen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 20 (2009)

species :

Pinus massoniana Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert] 16, t. 8 (1803)

Name: Masson´s pine, Chinese red pine (EN)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W-Henan, Hubei, Hunan, S-Jiangsu, Jiangxi, SE-Shaanxi, Sichuan, E-Yunnan, Zhejiang); Taiwan; N-Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinea massoniana (Lamb.) Opiz; Oekon. Neuigk. Verh. 1838: 526 (1839)

= Pinus argyi Lemée & H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 60 (1910)

= Pinus argyi var. longivaginans H.Lév.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 60 (1910)

= Pinus canaliculata Miq.; J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 86 (1861)

= Pinus cavaleriei Lemée & H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 60 (1910)

= Pinus crassicorticea Y.C.Zhong & H.X.Huang; Guihaia 10(4): 287 (1990)

= Pinus massoniana var. planiceps A.Murray bis ex Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 551 (1890)

= Pinus massoniana var. shaxianensis D.X.Zhou; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 11(3): 41 (1991)

= Pinus nepalensis J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn.: 34 (1839)

= Pinus nepaulensis Jacques; Ann. Fl. Pomone 5: 149 (1837)

= Pinus rubra Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 166 (1867)

= Pinus sinensis D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 2, 1: 47 (1828)

= Pinus sylvestris Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 579 (1790) non L.

variant :

var. hainanensis W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

Distribution: China (Hainan)

36 CHI

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus massoniana subsp. hainanensis (W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 26 (2009)

species :

Pinus maximartinezii Rzed.; Ciencia (Mexico) 23: 17 (1964)

Name: Martínez pinyon

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Rzedowskiae

Conservation Status: IUCN E

species :

Pinus maximinoi H.E.Moore; Baileya 14: 8 (1966), nom. cons.

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus douglasiana var. maximinoi (H.E.Moore) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 50 (1990)

= Pinus escandoniana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 24 (1857)

= Pinus hoseriana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 24 (1857)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. tenuifolia Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 1: 20 (1909)

= Pinus tenuifolia Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 92 (1842) non Salisb. (1796)

= Pinus tzompoliana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 24 (1857)

species :

Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese; Pl. Nov. Ind. Bat. 5, t. 2 (1845)

Name: Merkus´s pine, Mindoro pine (EN)

Distribution: N-Sumatra; Philippines (Mindoro, Luzon)

42 PHI SUM

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus. Mainland Asian populations belong to P. latteri

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus finlaysoniana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6062 (1831), nomen, ex Blume, Rumphia 3: 210 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Pinus merkusii subsp. ustulata Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 7 (fig. 28 C-D & photos 20, 35-36 (2008)

= Pinus sumatrana Jungh.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 4: 699 (1846), non Mirb.

= Pinus ustulata (Businský) Businský; Phyton (Horn) 54(1): 6 (2014)

species :

Pinus monophylla Torr. & Frém.; Rep. Exped. Rocky Mts. [Frémont] 319, t. 4. 319 t. 4 (1845)

Name: Singleleaf Pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Synonyms: hidden

= Caryopitys monophylla (Torr. & Frém.) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 597 (1905)

= Pinus californianum D.K.Bailey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44(2): 278 (1987)

= Pinus cembroides subsp. monophylla (Torr. & Frem.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 22 (1982)

= Pinus cembroides var. monophylla (Torr. & Frém.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 1907: 95 (1908)

= Pinus edulis var. monophylla (Torr. & Frém.) Torr.; Rep. Colorado R. [Ives] 4(Bot.): 28 (1860)

= Pinus fremontiana Endl.; Syn. Conif. 183 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Pinus fremontiana Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 4: 293 (1849), non Endl.

species :

Pinus montezumae Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 3, 2: 149, t. 64 (1832)

Name: Montezuma pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus antoineana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 14 (1857)

= Pinus aztecaensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 26 (1857)

= Pinus backhousiana Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 72 (1862)

= Pinus boothiana Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 72 (1862)

= Pinus bothiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 12 (1857)

= Pinus boucheiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 12 (1857)

= Pinus bullata Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 16 (1857)

= Pinus carrierei Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 18 (1857)

= Pinus chalmaensis Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 583 (1867)

= Pinus chalmaensis Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 73 (1862)

= Pinus coarctata Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 16 (1857)

= Pinus cornea Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 74 (1862)

= Pinus decaisneana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 19 (1857)

= Pinus depauperata Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 573 (1867)

= Pinus depauperata Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 74 (1862)

= Pinus doelleriana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 14 (1857)

= Pinus elegans Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 12 (1857)

= Pinus endlicheriana var. richardiana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 542 (1867)

= Pinus exserta Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 27 (1857)

= Pinus grandis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 11 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus grandis var. carrierei (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 2: 533 (1867)

= Pinus grandis var. doelleriana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 532 (1867)

= Pinus grandis var. haageana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 535 (1867)

= Pinus grandis var. planchonii (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 534 (1867)

= Pinus grandis var. thelemannii (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 532 (1867)

= Pinus haageana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 15 (1857)

= Pinus hendersonii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 15 (1857)

= Pinus horizontalis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 17 (1857)

= Pinus inflexa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 19 (1857)

= Pinus jostii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 15 (1857)

= Pinus keteleeri Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 13 (1857)

= Pinus leroyi Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 79 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus monstrosa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 11 (1857)

= Pinus monstrosa var. hendersonii (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 526 (1867)

= Pinus monstrosa var. nesselrodiana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 526 (1867)

= Pinus montezumae f. macrocarpa Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2: 219 (1948)

= Pinus montezumae subsp. lindleyi (Loudon) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 27 (2009)

= Pinus montezumae subsp. macrocarpa (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38 (2009) nom. inval. with incorrect basionym ref.

= Pinus montezumae subsp. mezambrana (Carvajal) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 27 (2009)

= Pinus montezumae var. lindleyi Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1004 (1842)

= Pinus montezumae var. mezambrana Carvajal; Phytologia 59(2): 138 (1986)

= Pinus ne-plus-ultra Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 80 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus nesselrodiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 16 (1857)

= Pinus nitida Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 29 (1857)

= Pinus occidentalis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 4 (1817), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ocote Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 81 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus ortgiesiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 25 (1857)

= Pinus paxtonii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 14 (1857)

= Pinus pescatarei Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 18 (1857), nom. inval.

= Pinus pescatorei Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 55 (1867)

= Pinus planchonii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 18 (1857)

= Pinus protuberans var. exserta (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 524 (1867)

= Pinus pseudostrobus Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 237 (1858) non Lindl. (1839)

= Pinus retracta Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 82 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus richardiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 18 (1857)

= Pinus rinzii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 25 (1857)

= Pinus robusta var. inflexa (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 541 (1867)

= Pinus rohanii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 25 (1857)

= Pinus rubescens Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 17 (1857)

= Pinus rumeliana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 12 (1857)

= Pinus russelliana Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 68 (1839)

= Pinus san-rafaeliana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 13 (1857)

= Pinus soulangeana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 11 (1857)

= Pinus spinosa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 12 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus tenangaensis Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 10 (1857)

= Pinus tenangaensis var. longifolia Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 520 (1867)

= Pinus tenangaensis var. ortgiesiana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 520 (1867)

= Pinus thelemannii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic.: 16 (1857)

= Pinus thibaudiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 15 (1857)

= Pinus tomacocaensis Roezl; Pinetum, Suppl. 85 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus troubezkoiana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 11 (1857)

= Pinus valida Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 16 (1857)

= Pinus vangeertii Roezl.; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 13 (1857)

= Pinus vanhouttei Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 14 (1857)

= Pinus zacatlanae Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 26 (1857)

= Pinus zitacuaria Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 267 (1858)

= Pinus zitacuarii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 29 (1857)

species :

Pinus monticola Douglas ex D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 3, 2: 149, t. 87 (1832)

Name: Western white pine (EN)

Distribution: New Zealand [I]; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State)

51 nzl 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus grozelierii Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 40: 126 (1869)

= Pinus monticola f. porphyrocarpa (A.Murray bis) P.Landry; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 123: 58 (1976)

= Pinus monticola var. digitata Lemmon; Handb. W. Amer. Cone-bearers ed. 3: 22 (1895)

= Pinus monticola var. minima Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 70 (1888)

= Pinus monticola var. porphyrocarpa (A.Murray bis) Mast.; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 14: 235 (1892)

= Pinus nivea Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 401 (1867)

= Pinus porphyrocarpa A.Murray bis; Pinet. Brit. [Ravenscroft] 1: 83 (1867)

= Pinus strobus subsp. monticola (D.Don) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus strobus var. monticola (Douglas ex D.Don) Nutt.; N. Amer. Sylv. 2: 118 (1849)

= Strobus monticola (Douglas ex D.Don) Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 13 (1917)

species :

Pinus morrisonicola Hayata; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 43: 194 (1908)

Name: Taiwan white pine (EN)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus formosana Hayata; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 297 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ×hayatana Businský; Willdenowia 34: 245 (2004)

= Pinus parviflora var. morrisonicola (Hayata) C.L.Wu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 5(3): 141 (1956)

= Pinus uyematsui Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 192 (1913)

species :

Pinus mugo Turra; Giorn. Italia Sci. Nat. 1: 152 (1765)

Name: Krummholz-Kiefer, Berg-Kiefer (DE), Dwarf mountain pine, Mugo pine (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I], Isle of Man [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen [I], Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland [I]); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; ?N-Greece; European Russia [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], New Hampshire [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 den grb ire 11 AUT CZE GER POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 rus 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus. See also P. uncinata which was frequently included here as subspecies.

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus carpathicus Anon.; Ungrisches Mag. 3: 38 (1786)

= Pinus digenea Wettst.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 108 (1889), nom. illeg.

= Pinus echinata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 370 (1855), nom. inval.

= Pinus fischeri Booth ex Lodd.; Cat. Pl. [Loddiges] ed. (1836), nomen

= Pinus fischeri Booth ex P.Lawson; Agric. Man.: 333 (1836), nom. illeg.

= Pinus magellensis Schouw; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 3, 3: 233 (1845)

= Pinus montana proles mughus (Scop.) M.Goldschm.; Verh. Phys.-Med. Ges. Würzburg, N. F. 34: 350 (1902)

= Pinus montana f. slavinii Hornibr.; Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 81: 147 (1927)

= Pinus montana Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no 5 (1768)

= Pinus montana subsp. arborea (Tubeuf) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi], ed. 2, 1: 147 (1935)

= Pinus montana subsp. frutescens-erecta (Tubeuf) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi], ed. 2, 1: 147 (1935)

= Pinus montana subsp. mughus (Scop.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 228 (1897), isonym

= Pinus montana subsp. mughus (Scop.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 2: 437 (1874), isonym

= Pinus montana subsp. mughus (Scop.) Willk.; Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr. 177 (1872)

= Pinus montana subsp. prostrata (Tubeuf) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi], ed. 2, 1: 147 (1935)

= Pinus montana subsp. pumilio (Clus. ex Haenke) Čelak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 1(3) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 1): 18 (1867)

= Pinus montana var. applanata (Willk.) Willk.; Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr.: 177 (1872)

= Pinus montana var. arborea Tubeuf; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 21: 143 (1912)

= Pinus montana var. centrapedunculata (Woerl.) Woerl.; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 182 (1893)

= Pinus montana var. frutescens-erecta Tubeuf; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 21: 143 (1912)

= Pinus montana var. gibba (Willk.) Christ; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 231 (1865)

= Pinus montana var. impressa (Hartig ex Willk.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Farn- u. Blütenpfl. Tirol. 1: 112 (1906)

= Pinus montana var. mughus (Scop.) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 4: 453 (1881), isonym

= Pinus montana var. mughus (Scop.) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 475 (1879)

= Pinus montana var. prostrata Tubeuf; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 21: 143 (1912)

= Pinus montana var. pumilio (Haenke) Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 187 (1862), isonym

= Pinus montana var. pumilio (Haenke) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 380 (1841)

= Pinus montana var. pyramidalis Schröt.; Biblioth. Universelle Rev. Suisse, Sér. 3, 14: 280 (1885)

= Pinus mughus f. applanata (Willk.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 4 (1890)

= Pinus mughus f. pumilio (Haenke) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 43 (1924)

= Pinus mughus Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 247 (1772), sphalm.

= Pinus mughus var. bicolor Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. brevispina Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. decumbens Grab.; Fl. Ober-Schlesien [Grabowski] 266 (1843)

= Pinus mughus var. depressa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. impressa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. laeta Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. leptoclada Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. longispina Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. lutescens Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. macroptera Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mughus var. pumilio (Haenke) K.Koch; Flora 23: 669 (1840)

= Pinus mughus var. rufa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 234 (1861)

= Pinus mugo f. applanata (Willk.) K.I.Chr.; Nordic J. Bot. 7(4): 392 (1987)

= Pinus mugo f. compacta (D.Hill) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 37 (1949)

= Pinus mugo f. slavinii (Hornibr.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 36 (1949)

= Pinus mugo subsp. mughus (Scop.) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 13 (1935)

= Pinus mugo subsp. mughus (Scop.) Janch. & H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91(4): 214 (1942), isonym

= Pinus mugo subsp. mughus (Scop.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 86 (1949), isonym

= Pinus mugo subsp. pumilio (Haenke) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus mugo subsp. pumilio (Haenke) Franco; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 2 (1983), isonym

= Pinus mugo var. arborea (Tubeuf) Hyl.; Bot. Not. 1953(3): 352 (1953)

= Pinus mugo var. compacta D.Hill; Hill´s Evergreens, ed. 1924: 30 (1924)

= Pinus mugo var. mughus (Scop.) Zenari; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1921: 65 (1921)

= Pinus mugo var. nana Loudon ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 173 (1858)

= Pinus mugo var. pumilio (Haenke) Zenari; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1921: 65 (1921)

= Pinus pumilio Haenke; Beobacht. Reis. Riesengeb. [Jirasek et al.] 68 (1791)

= Pinus pumilio var. applanata Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 226 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. atrata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. cinnamomea Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. echinata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 226 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. ferruginea Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. fischeri Booth ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2186 (1838)

= Pinus pumilio var. fursa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. gibba Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 226 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. incurva Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. limbata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. marginata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. nasuta Beck; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 5: 553 (1890)

= Pinus pumilio var. nitida Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. oblongata Ten.; Fl. Napol. 5: 268 (1836)

= Pinus pumilio var. phaeoptera Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. pura Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. repressa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. revoluta Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. rubriflora Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2186 (1838)

= Pinus pumilio var. striata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. turbinata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. variabilis Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 224 (1861)

= Pinus pumilio var. virens Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 225 (1861)

= Pinus pyramidalis Reum ex Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 1: 13 (1841)

= Pinus rostrata K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 280 (1873), nom. inval.

= Pinus rubriflora Loudon ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 172 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus squamosa Bosc; Nouv. Cours Compl. Agric. [Rozier], ed. 2: 479 (1821), ex Loudon, Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2292 (1838)

= Pinus subarctica Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 946 (Index) (1866)

= Pinus sudeticus Anon.; Ungrisches Mag. 3: 38 (1786)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. montana (Mill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 372 (1894), isonym

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. montana (Mill.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg 622 (1834)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. pumilio (Haenke) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 372 (1894)

= Pinus sylvestris var. montana (Mill.) Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 1: 366 (1789)

= Pinus sylvestris var. mugho Chaix ex Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 3: 805 (1789)

= Pinus sylvestris var. mughus (Scop.) Merrem; Handb. Pflanzenk. [Merrem] 439 (1809)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pumilio (Haenke) Gaudin; Baier. Fl. [Schrank] 10: 230 (1789)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pumilio (Haenke) Merrem; Handb. Pflanzenk. [Merrem] 439 (1809)

= Pinus uncinata var. pumilio (Haenke) Mathieu; Fl. Forest., ed. 2: 393 (1860)

= Pinus wettsteinii Fritsch; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 153 (1889)

= Pinus ×obliqua var. centrapedunculata Woerl.; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 3: 9 (1885)

species :

Pinus muricata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 441 (1837)

Name: Bishop pine (EN)

Distribution: New Zealand [I]; SW-USA (W-California, California Channel Isl.: Santa Cruz Isl., Santa Rosa Isl.); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Cedros Isl.)

51 nzl 76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Attenuatae

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus edgariana Hartw.; J. Hort. Soc. London 3: 217 (1848)

= Pinus muricata f. remorata (H.Mason) Hoover; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 338 (1966)

= Pinus muricata subsp. anthonyi (Lemmon) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus muricata subsp. borealis (Axelrod ex Farjon) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16: 9 (2009)

= Pinus muricata subsp. remorata (H.Mason) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus muricata subsp. stantonii (Axelrod ex Farjon) Axelrod ex Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16: 10 (2009)

= Pinus muricata var. anthonyi Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 43 (1892)

= Pinus muricata var. borealis Axelrod ex Farjon; Regnum Veg. 128 [Pinaceae]: 136 (1993)

= Pinus muricata var. remorata (H.Mason) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 56 (1990)

= Pinus muricata var. stantonii Axelrod ex Farjon; Regnum Veg. 128 [Pinaceae]: 136 (1993)

= Pinus remorata H.Mason; Madroño 2: 9 (1930)

species :

Pinus nelsonii Shaw; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 36: 122 (1904), as ´nelsoni´

Name: Nelson Pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, Subsect. Nelsoniae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold; Reise Mariazell Steyerm. 8 & tab. (1785)

subspecies :

subsp. nigra

Name: European black pine, Austrian pine (EN), Schwarzkiefer (DE)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Outer Hebrides [I], Isle of Man [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary [I]; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Corsica; Italy; Sicily; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Belarus [I]; China [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I])

10 den grb ire swe 11 AUT bgm CZE ger hun lux net SLO swi 12 cis COR FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV sma SRB 14 blr 36 chi 38 tai 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Abies marylandica Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.; Handb. Conif. [Dallimore & Jackson] 340 (1923), pro syn.

= Abies novae-angliae K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 240 (1873)

= Abies romania Loudon ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 1 (1840)

= Pinus alepensis Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 338 (1804)

= Pinus austriaca Höss; Flora 11: 32 (1828), et Anleit. Bäume Sträuche Oesterr.: 6 (1830)

= Pinus banatica (Georgescu & Ionescu) Georgescu & Ionescu; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 183 (1936)

= Pinus halepensis M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 408 (1808) non Mill.

= Pinus laricio proles austriaca (Höss) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 22 (1934)

= Pinus laricio f. austriaca (Höss) Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1(2): 881 (1864)

= Pinus laricio subsp. austriaca (Höss) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 179 (1847)

= Pinus laricio subsp. nigra (J.F.Arnold) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 2 (1890), nom. illeg.

= Pinus laricio subsp. nigricans (Host) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 636 (1882)

= Pinus laricio subsp. pachyphylla (Christ) Wulff; Fl. Kryma [Wulff] 1(1): 36 (1927)

= Pinus laricio var. austriaca (Höss) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2201 (1838)

= Pinus laricio var. moseri J.J.Moser; J. Soc. Natl. Hort. France, Sér. 4, 1: 53 (1900)

= Pinus laricio var. nana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 385 (1855), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus laricio var. nigra (J.F.Arnold) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 181 (1880), nom. superfl.

= Pinus laricio var. nigricans (Host) Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 387 (1868)

= Pinus laricio var. prostrata Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 12: 26 (1903)

= Pinus laricio var. pygmaea Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 385 (1855)

= Pinus laricio var. pyramidata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 385 (1855)

= Pinus nigra f. austriaca (Höss) Palib.; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Genet. Selekts. 18(2): 7 (1928)

= Pinus nigra f. hornibrookiana Slavin; F.J.Chittenden, Rep. Conif. Conf. R.H.S.: 132 (1932)

= Pinus nigra f. moseri (J.J.Moser) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 38 (1949)

= Pinus nigra f. prostrata (Beissn.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 38 (1949)

= Pinus nigra f. pygmaea (Carrière) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 38 (1949)

= Pinus nigra f. pyramidalis Slavin; Rep. Conif. Conf. R.H.S.: 133 (1932)

= Pinus nigra Link; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1827: 173 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Pinus nigra subsp. austriaca (Höss) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern [Vollmann] 28 (1914)

= Pinus nigra subsp. croatica Lovrić; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 119(4-5): 569 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Pinus nigra subsp. gocensis (Georgev.) Vidaković

= Pinus nigra var. austriaca (Höss) Badoux; Beaux Arbres Vaud 52 (1910)

= Pinus nigra var. banatica Georgescu & Ionescu; Analele Inst. Cercet. Exp. Forest. 1: 129 (1935)

= Pinus nigra var. gocensis Georgev.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 80: 336 (1931)

= Pinus nigra var. illyrica Vidaković

= Pinus nigra var. pyramidata (Carrière) Fitschen; Handb. Nadelholzk.: 399 (1930)

= Pinus nigricans Host; Fl. Austriac. [Host] 2: 628 (1831)

= Pinus nigricans subsp. nigra (J.F.Arnold) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 6 (1950), nom. superfl.

= Pinus pinaster Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 2: 294 (1809), non Ait.

= Pinus poiretiana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 168 (1858), nom. illeg.

= Pinus pyramidalis Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 168 (1858), nom. illeg.

= Pinus romana Hort. ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2201 (1838)

= Pinus romania Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 338 (1841)

= Pinus romeniaca Cels; Cat. Arbor. Pl. 28 (1817), nomen

= Pinus sylvestris Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 2: 304 (1816) non L.

= Pinus tatarica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 389 (1855), non Mill.

subspecies :

subsp. dalmatica (Vis.) Franco; Dendrol. Florest. 55 (1943)

Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro

13 CRO MNT

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus dalmatica Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 1: 199 (1842)

= Pinus nigra f. leucodermoides Fukarek & M.Nikolić; Naucni Skup. Od. Prír.-Mat. Nauka 1(1): 27 (1974) (without type)

= Pinus nigra var. dalmatica (Vis.) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 11 (2008)

subspecies :

subsp. laricio Palib. ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 66 (1928)

Distribution: France [I]; Channel Isl. [c]; Corsica; Italy (S-Apennines, Calabria); Sicily; New Zealand [I]

12 cis COR fra 13 ITA SIC 51 nzl

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus altissima Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 385 (1855), nom. inval.

= Pinus austriaca var. pendula (Carrière) Zederb.; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 116: 1914 (1907)

= Pinus calabrica Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 168 (1858)

= Pinus caramanica Bosc; Nouv. Cours Compl. Agric. [Rozier] 10: 92 (1809)

= Pinus caramanica Bosc ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 957 (1842), nom. inval.

= Pinus cebenensis Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 168 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus clusiana subsp. laricio (Palib. ex Maire) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomencl. Fl. Ital. 1: 6 (1950)

= Pinus clusiana var. corsicana (Loudon) Franco; Anais Inst. Super. Agron. 16: 129 (1949)

= Pinus corsica var. pendula (Carrière) J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 110 (1866)

= Pinus corsicana Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2001 (1838), nom. inval.

= Pinus italica Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 7: 192 (1943)

= Pinus karamana Mast.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 21: 480 (1884)

= Pinus laricio Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 339 (1804) (non Savi, Fl. Pisana 2: 353 (1798))

= Pinus laricio proles corsicana (Loudon) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 22 (1934)

= Pinus laricio subsp. calabrica (Loudon) Cesca & Peruzzi; Caryologia 55(1): 24 (2002)

= Pinus laricio subsp. poiretiana (Antoine) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 178 (1847)

= Pinus laricio var. calabrica Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2201 (1838)

= Pinus laricio var. corsica Mouill.; Traité Arbr. Arbriss. 2: 1301 (1898)

= Pinus laricio var. corsicana Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2201 (1838)

= Pinus laricio var. magellensis Endl.; Syn. Conif. 179 (1847)

= Pinus laricio var. pendula Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 386 (1855)

= Pinus laricio var. poiretiana Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 4 (1840), nom. inval.

= Pinus nigra f. pendula (Carrière) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 766 (1913)

= Pinus nigra f. poiretiana Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 1: 214 (1897)

= Pinus nigra subsp. calabrica (Loudon) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus nigra var. calabrica (Loudon) C.K.Schneid.; Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer [Silva-Tarouca] : 261 (1913)

= Pinus nigra var. corsicana (Loudon) Hyl.; Bot. Not. 1953: 352 (1953)

= Pinus nigra var. laricio (Palib. ex Maire) C.Vicioso; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 2: 189 (1949)

= Pinus nigra var. maritima (Aiton) Melville; Kew Bull. 13: 534 (1958 publ. 1959)

= Pinus nigra var. pendula (Carrière) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 766 (1913)

= Pinus nigra var. poiretiana (Asch. & Graebn.) C.K.Schneid.; Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer [Silva-Tarouca] : 261 (1913)

= Pinus poiretiana (Asch. & Graebn.) Arrigoni; Parlatorea 7: 17 (2005), nom. superfl.

= Pinus sylvestris var. maritima Aiton; Hortus Kew. [W. Aiton] 3: 366 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe; Bergens Mus. Skr., n. s., 1(2): 29 (1914)

Name: Crimean pine (EN)

Distribution: European Turkey; Greece; European Russia (S-European Russia); Crimea; Uzbekistan [I]; Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (widespread western half of Anatolia); Cyprus

13 GRC TUE 14 KRY RUS 32 uzb 33 NCS 34 CYP EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus fenzleyi Antoine & Kotschy ex Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris), Sér. 4, 13: 259 (1864)

= Pinus fenzlii Antoine & Kotschy ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 496 (1867), orth. var.

= Pinus laricio subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 3 (1890)

= Pinus laricio var. caramanica Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2201 (1838)

= Pinus laricio var. pallasiana (Lamb.) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 179 (1847)

= Pinus laricio var. taurica Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2202 (1838)

= Pinus nigra f. seneriana (Saatçioglu) Kandemir & Mataracı; Resimli Türkiye Florasi (Ill. Fl. Turkey) 2: 350 (2018)

= Pinus nigra subsp. caramanica (Loudon) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 22 (1999)

= Pinus nigra subsp. fenzleyi (Antoine & Kotschy ex Carrière) Franco; Dendrol. Florest. 55 (1943)

= Pinus nigra var. caramanica (Loudon) Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees: 61 (1927)

= Pinus nigra var. columnaris-pendula Boydak; Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Derg., A 39(1): 122 (1989 publ. 1991) (without type), et Karaca Arbor. Mag. 6(1): 17 (2001)

= Pinus nigra var. fastigiata Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 8 (2008)

= Pinus nigra var. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 214 (1897)

= Pinus nigra var. seneriana Saatçioglu; Z. Weltforstw. 18(1): 6 (1955)

= Pinus nigra var. yaltirikiana Alptekin; Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Derg., A 36(2): 147 (1986 publ. 1987)

= Pinus pallasiana Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 1, 2: 2 (1824)

= Pinus pallasiana subsp. caramanica (Loudon) Chrtek & B.Slavík; Fl. Medit. 10: 236 (2000)

= Pinus pontica K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 297 (1849)

= Pinus taurica (Lodd. ex Loudon) Gordon; Gard. Chron. 1842(4): 52 (1842)

= Pinus taurica (Lodd. ex Loudon) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2 2: 339 (1841)

subspecies :

subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco; Dendrol. Florest. 56 (1943)

Distribution: Spain; Andorra; S-France (Hérault, Pyrénées); Corsica; Italy; Morocco; Algeria

12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ITA 20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Picea pyrenaica (Lapeyr.) E.Manning; Gard. Monthly & Hort. Advertiser 10: 109 (1868)

= Pinus clusiana Clemente; Agricultura (Bogota) 2: 404 (1818)

= Pinus clusiana subsp. mauretanica (Maire & Peyerimh.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 1: 146 (1952)

= Pinus clusiana subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomenclator Fl. Ital. 1: 6 (1950)

= Pinus conglomerata Graeffer ex Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol. 477 (1831)

= Pinus laricio proles salzmannii (Dunal) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 364 (1913)

= Pinus laricio subsp. leptophylla (H.Christ) Wulff; Fl. Kryma [Wulff] 1(1): 36 (1927)

= Pinus laricio subsp. monspeliensis (Lavallée) Salzm. ex Koehne; Deut. Dendrol. 38 (1893), nom. superfl.

= Pinus laricio subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 2 (1890)

= Pinus laricio var. angustisquama Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 18, 73 (1861)

= Pinus laricio var. cebennensis Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 153 (1855)

= Pinus laricio var. latisquama Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 1: 18, 73 (1861)

= Pinus laricio var. leptophylla Christ; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 230 (1865)

= Pinus laricio var. monspeliensis Lavallée; Énum. Arbres: 246 (1877)

= Pinus laricio var. pyrenaica (Lapeyr.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 369 (1856), isonym

= Pinus laricio var. pyrenaica (Lapeyr.) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2202 (1838)

= Pinus laricio var. tenuifolia Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 387 (1868)

= Pinus mauretanica (Maire & Peyerimh.) Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 6: 54, in clavi, et 149 (1960)

= Pinus nigra subsp. clusiana (Clemente) Rivas Mart.; Mem. Mapa Ser. Veget. Potencial Esp. 146 (1988)

= Pinus nigra subsp. mauretanica (Maire & Peyerimh.) Heywood; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 66: 150 (1962)

= Pinus nigra subsp. monspeliensis (Koehne) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983), nom. superfl.

= Pinus nigra var. angustisquama (Willk.) E.Laguna; Fl. Montiber. 15: 28 (2000)

= Pinus nigra var. cebennensis (Godr.) Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 3: 208 (1922)

= Pinus nigra var. latisquama (Willk.) E.Laguna; Fl. Montiber. 15: 28 (2000)

= Pinus nigra var. leptophylla (Christ) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner], ed. 2, 1: 333 (1912)

= Pinus nigra var. mauretanica Maire & Peyerimh.; Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 184: 1515 (1927)

= Pinus nigra var. monspeliensis (Koehne) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus nigra var. salzmannii (Dunal) E.Laguna; Fl. Montiber. 15: 28 (2000)

= Pinus nigra var. tenuifolia (Parl.) C.K.Schneid.; Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer [Silva-Tarouca] : 262 (1913)

= Pinus pallasii Parol.; Hort. Bot. Parol. 3 (1841)

= Pinus pyrenaica Lapeyr.; Suite Mém. Hist. Nat. Pyrénées 164 (1818)

= Pinus pyrenaica subsp. mauretanica (Maire & Peyerimh.) O.Schwarz; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 384 (1939)

= Pinus resinosa Loisel.; Traité Arbr. Arbust. [Duhamel], nouv. éd. 5: 237, f. 5 (1812) nom. illeg., non Aiton

= Pinus salzmannii Dunal; Mem. Sect. Sci. Acad. Sci. Montpellier 2: 82 (1851)

species :

Pinus oaxacana Mirov; Madroño 14: 145 (1958)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, México State, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus nubicola J.P.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 68(4): 447 (1987)

= Pinus oaxacana var. diversiformis Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 237 (1995)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. oaxacana (Mirov) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. oaxacana (Mirov) S.G.Harrison; Taxon 14: 247 (1965)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. nubicola (J.P.Perry) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

species :

Pinus occidentalis Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. [O.P.Swartz] 103 (1788)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico [I]

81 HIS pue

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, elliottii group

Conservation Status: vulnerable (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba) and near threatened (IUCN)

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cubensis Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 234 (1858)

= Pinus occidentalis subsp. baorucoensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 28 (2009)

= Pinus occidentalis var. baorucoensis Silba; Phytologia 58(6): 368 (1985)

species :

Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl.; Linnaea 12: 491 (1838)

Name: Pino ocote (ES); Egg-cone pine (EN)

Distribution: Taiwan [I]; Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; NW-Nicaragua; Costa Rica [I]

38 tai 79 MEX 80 BLZ cos ELS GUA HON NIC

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus oocarpa subsp. manzanoi (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 29 (2009)

= Pinus oocarpa var. manzanoi Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 11: 70 (1940)

= Pinus oocarpa var. oocarpoides (Lindl. ex Loudon) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 152 (1847)

= Pinus oocarpoides Lindl. ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 1118 (1842)

= Pinus skinneri Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 313 (1855)

species :

Pinus palustris Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 14 (1768)

Name: Longleaf pine (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Italy [I]; Romania [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I], Jiangsu [I], Jiangxi [I], Shandong [I], Zhejiang [I]); Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, E-Texas)

11 aut ger 13 ita rom 36 chi 38 tai 50 aus 51 nzl 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus australis F.Michx.; Hist. Arbr. Forest. 1: 64, t. 6 (1810)

= Pinus australis var. excelsa (Booth ex J.Forbes) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 346 (1855)

= Pinus georgica Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 187 (1858)

= Pinus longifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796), nom. illeg.

= Pinus palmiensis Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 63 (1862)

= Pinus palmieri G.Manetti ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 63 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus palustris subsp. neogigantea Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 11(1): 17 (2004)

= Pinus palustris var. excelsa Booth ex J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 62 (1839)

= Pinus taeda var. palustris (Mill.) Castigl.; Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 313 (1790)

species :

Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 27, t. 115 (1842)

Name: Japanese white pine (EN)

Distribution: China [I]; South Korea (Ulleung Isl.); Japan (Hokkaido)

36 chi 38 JAP KOR

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembra Thunb.; Fl. Jap. [Thunberg] 274 (1784), sensu auct.

= Pinus cembra var. japonica J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 107 (1866)

= Pinus heterophylla C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 (Epimel. Bot.): 236 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Pinus himekomatsu Miyabe & Kudô; Icon. Forest Trees Hokkaido 1: 29 (1921)

= Pinus mayrii Zabel; Forstl. Blätt. (Berlin) 15: 250 (1891), ex Gartenflora 41: 40 (1892)

= Pinus parviflora f. glauca Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk., ed. 2: 358 (1909)

= Pinus parviflora subsp. neoorbiculata Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 12 (2009)

= Pinus parviflora subvar. todaiensis Sugim.; J. Geobot. 24(3): 61 (1977)

= Pinus parvifolia Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 385 (1867)

= Pinus pentaphylla var. himekomatsu (Miyabe & Kudô) Makino; Ill. Fl. Nippon 903 (1940)

= Strobus parviflora (Siebold & Zucc.) Moldenke; Phytologia 4: 128 (1952)

variant :

var. pentaphylla (Mayr) A.Henry; Trees Great Britain [Elwes & Henry] 5: 1033 (1910)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl.: Iturup, Kunashir); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)

31 RFE 38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus parviflora subsp. pentaphylla (Mayr) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 12 (1999)

= Pinus pentaphylla Mayr; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 384 (1867)

species :

Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 354 (1831)

Distribution: Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Costa Rica [I]; Colombia [I]; Bolivia [c]; Argentina [I]

26 zim 27 saf 38 tai 51 nzl 79 MEX 80 cos 82 clm 83 bol 85 arg

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, patula group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 354 (1831)

= Pinus patula var. macrocarpa Mast.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 9: 438 (1891)

= Pinus subpatula Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 84 (1862)

= Pinus subpatula Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 584 (1867)

variant :

var. longipedunculata Loock ex Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2, 333 (1948)

Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Chiapas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus longipedunculata (Loock ex Martínez) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88 (2008)

= Pinus patula subsp. longipedunculata (Loock ex Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 29 (2009)

species :

Pinus peuce Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 349 (1846)

Name: Macedonian pine (EN); Rumelische Kiefer, Mazedonische Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Germany [c]; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; W-Bulgaria; N-Greece; Estonia [I]; Siberia [I] (Siberian Urals [I], W-Siberia [I])

11 ger 13 BUL GRC KOS MNT NMA SRB 14 est 30 sib

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Haploxylon excelsa var. peuce (Griseb.) Börner; Fl. Deut. Volk 291 (1912)

= Pinus cembra var. fruticosa Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 189 (1841)

= Pinus excelsa var. peuce (Griseb.) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 286 (1891)

= Strobus peuce (Griseb.) Moldenke; Phytologia 4: 129 (1952)

species :

Pinus pinaster Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 367 (1789)

subspecies :

subsp. pinaster

Name: Maritime pine (EN); Seestrand-Kiefer (DE); Pino rodeno (ES)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Isle of Man [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Italy [I]; Pantelleria [c]; San Marino [c]; Croatia [I]; Montenegro [c]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Greece [c]; European Turkey [I]; Azores [I] (Sao Miguel Isl. [I], Pico [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I], Porto Santo Isl. [I]); Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I]); South Africa [I]; St. Helena [I]; Turkey [I] (NE-Anatolia [I]); China [I]; Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (North Carolina [I]); Chile [I]

10 grb ire 12 cis FRA POR SPA 13 cro grc ita kos mnt ptl sma srb tue 21 azo cny mdr 27 saf 28 sth 34 tur 36 chi 38 tai 50 aus 51 nzl 78 usa 85 cle

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus chinensis Knight ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 176 (1858)

= Pinus corteana Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 222 (1891), nom. inval.

= Pinus detritis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 467 (1867), nom. inval.

= Pinus glomerata Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus halepensis var. maritima DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 335 (1815)

= Pinus helenica K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 292 (1873), nom. inval.

= Pinus japonica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 365 (1855)

= Pinus lemoniana Benth.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London, Ser. 2, 1: 512 (1834 publ. 1835)

= Pinus maritima Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 201 (1779)

= Pinus maritima var. alterna Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 458 (1811)

= Pinus maritima var. glomerata Desp.; Fl. Sarthe Mayenne 248 (1838)

= Pinus maritima var. major Loisel.; Traité Arbr. Arbust. [Duhamel], nouv. éd. 5: 240 (1812)

= Pinus maritima var. minor Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 458 (1811)

= Pinus massoniana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 176 (1858), nom. illeg.

= Pinus minor Loudon; Encycl. Pl. [Loudon] 963. (1829), nom. inval.

= Pinus monspeliensis Salzm. ex Dunal; Mém. Sect. Sci. Acad. Sci. Montpellier 2: 82 (1851), nom. inval.

= Pinus neglecta H.Low ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 176 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus nepalensis Royle ex Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 217 (1850), non Forbes

= Pinus nigrescens Ten.; Fl. Napol. 5: 366 (1836)

= Pinus novae-hollandiae Lodd. ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 466 (1867)

= Pinus nova-hollandica Lodd. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 176 (1858)

= Pinus nova-zelandica Lodd. ex G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 387 (1830), nom. inval.

= Pinus pinaster subsp. acutisquama (Boiss.) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 52 (1991)

= Pinus pinaster subsp. atlantica Villar; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 33: 427 (1933 publ. 1934) (nom inval.)

= Pinus pinaster subsp. minor (Loisel.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 636 (1882)

= Pinus pinaster var. acutisquama Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 583 (1842)

= Pinus pinaster var. lemoniana (Benth.) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2215 (1838)

= Pinus pinaster var. minor (Dum.Cours.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 366 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Pinus pinaster var. minor Loisel.; Traité Arbr. Fruit. [Duhamel] 5: 442 (1830)

= Pinus pinaster var. pendula J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 124 (1866)

= Pinus sancta-helenica Loudon ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 466 (1867), nom. inval.

= Pinus scarina Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 338 (1841), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 1 (1768) non L.

= Pinus syrtica Thore; Prom. Golfe Gascogne 161 (1810)

subspecies :

subsp. escarena (Risso) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 1 (1890)

Distribution: Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Morocco; Algeria

12 BAL COR FRA SAR SPA 13 ITA MLT SIC 20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus escarena Risso; Hist. Nat. Prod. Eur. Mérid. 2: 340, 459 (1826)

= Pinus hamiltonii Ten.; Cat. Orto Bot. Napoli [1845]: 34 (1845)

= Pinus laricio Savi; Fl. Pis. 2: 353 (1798)

= Pinus maghrebiana (Villar) Rivas Mart., Molero Mesa, Marfíl & G.Benítez; Naturalia Cantabricae 8(Especial): 120 (2020)

= Pinus mesogeensis Fieschi & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 64: 440 (1932)

= Pinus pinaster subsp. hamiltonii (Ten.) Villar; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 33: 427 (1934)

= Pinus pinaster subsp. prolifera (Parl.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 1 (1890)

= Pinus pinaster var. escarena (Risso) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2214 (1838)

= Pinus pinaster var. hamiltonii (Ten.) Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 217 (1850)

= Pinus pinaster var. iberica Villar; Types Sol Afr. Nord 1: 84 (1947)

= Pinus pinaster var. maghrebiana Villar; Types Sol Afr. Nord 1: 84 (1947)

= Pinus pinaster var. mesogeensis (Fieschi & Gaussen) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 59 (1990)

= Pinus pinaster var. minor Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 383 (1868), nom. illeg.

= Pinus pinaster var. prolifera Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2): 383 (1868)

subspecies :

subsp. renoui (Villar) Maire; Encycl. Biol. 33: 145 (1952)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia

20 ALG MOR TUN

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus pinaster var. renoui Villar; Vol. Jubil. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 241 (1948)

= Pinus renoui (Villar) Gaussen; Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 32: 515 (1952)

species :

Pinus pinceana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 204 (1858)

Name: Weeping pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Rzedowskiae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus latisquama Engelm.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 18: 712 (1882)

species :

Pinus pinea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1000 (1753)

Name: Stone pine (EN); Pinie (DE); Pino real (ES)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Montenegro [I]; Serbia [I]; Kosovo [I]; North Macedonia [I]; European Turkey [I]; Greece (W-Peloponnisos, otherwise introduced); Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I]); South Africa [I]; East Aegaean Isl. [c] (incl. Rhodos [c]); Turkey [c] (W-Anatolia [c]); Cyprus [I]; Lebanon / Syria; Taiwan [I]; USA [I] (California [I])

12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 bih cro GRC ITA kos mnt nma SIC slv srb tue 20 alg lby mor tun 21 cny 27 saf 34 cyp eai tur 38 tai 76 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Synonyms: hidden

= Apinus pinea (L.) Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 3: 270 (1790)

= Apinus pinea (L.) Neck. ex Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 32: 597 (1905)

= Pinea esculenta Opiz; Oekon. Neuigk. Verh. 1838: 526 (1839), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus africana Münchh.; Hausvater 5(1): 226 (1770)

= Pinus aracanensis Knight ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 179 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus arctica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 456 (1867), nom. inval.

= Pinus fastuosa Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796) nom. illeg.

= Pinus fragilis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 457 (1867), nom. inval.

= Pinus maderiensis Ten.; Index Sem. (Naples, Neapolitano) (1854)

= Pinus pinea var. maderiensis (Ten.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 457 (1867)

= Pinus sativa Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med., t. 65 (1764), opus utique oppr.

species :

Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C.Lawson; Agric. Man. 354 (1836)

Name: Ponderosa pine (EN)

Distribution: Hungary [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Greece [c]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; China [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora, Zacatecas); Argentina [I]

11 hun 13 grc kos srb 20 alg mor 36 chi 51 nzl 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX 85 arg

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus australis f. ponderosa Douglas ex Laws. & C.Lawson

= Pinus beardsleyi A.Murray bis; Edinburgh New Philos. J., Ser. 2, 1: 286 (1855)

= Pinus craigiana A.Murray bis; Edinburgh New Philos. J., Ser. 2, 1: 288 (1855)

= Pinus engelmannii Torr.; Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5, no. 4), Bot. [Whipple] 141 (1857)

= Pinus jeffreyi var. ambigua Lemmon; Bull. Calif. State Board Forest. 7: 11 (1889)

= Pinus jeffreyi var. montana Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 35 (1895), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus jeffreyi var. nigricans Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 74, 100 (1888)

= Pinus nootkatensis G.Manetti ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 67 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus parryana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 202 (1858)

= Pinus ponderosa f. crispata Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 28: 325 (1919)

= Pinus ponderosa f. pendula (Hook.f. ex H.W.Sarg.) Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2: 44 (1940)

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. critchfieldiana Callaham; Res. Pap., P. S. W., U.S. Forest Serv. 264: 32 (2013), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. readiana Callaham; Res. Pap., P. S. W., U.S. Forest Serv. 264: 41, fig. 7, maps (figs. 1-2) (2013)

= Pinus ponderosa var. nana Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 21: 365 (1912)

= Pinus ponderosa var. nigricans (Lemmon) Lemmon; Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest. 7: 8 (1889)

= Pinus ponderosa var. pacifica J.R.Haller & Vivrette; Aliso 29(1): 55 (2011), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ponderosa var. parryana (Gordon & Glend.) Rob.; Fl. & Sylva 3: 104 (1905)

= Pinus ponderosa var. pendula Hook.f. ex H.W.Sarg.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 10: 236 (1878)

= Pinus ponderosa var. penduliformis Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 21 (1897), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Pinus resinosa Torr.; Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 249 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Pinus sinclairiana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 355 (1855), nom. inval.

variant :

var. benthamiana (Hartw.) Vasey; Rep. Commiss. Agric. 178 (1876)

Distribution: USA (Washington State, Oregon, California)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. benthamiana (Hartw.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 30 (2009)

= Pinus benthamiana Hartw.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 189 (1847)

variant :

var. cunninghamia S.C.Meyers; Phytoneuron 2024-86: 2 (2024)

Distribution: USA (Oregon: Lake Co.)

73 USA

variant :

var. washoensis (H.Mason & Stockw.) J.R.Haller & Vivrette; Aliso 29(1): 56 (2011)

Distribution: USA (Washington State, Oregon, Nevada)

73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus washoensis Mason & Stockw.; Madroño 8: 62 (1945)

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. washoensis (Mason & Stockw.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

species :

Pinus praetermissa Styles & McVaugh; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 17: 310 (1990)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus oocarpa var. microphylla Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 27, pl. XX (1909)

species :

Pinus pringlei Shaw; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 211, t. 100 (1905)

Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Tlaxcala)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

species :

Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 25(Misc.): 63 (1839)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON NIC

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae. See also P. apulcensis and P. oaxacana which were frequently included here

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus angulata Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 27 (1857)

= Pinus heteromorpha Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 28 (1857)

= Pinus orizabae Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 1: 237 (1846)

= Pinus prasina Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 24 (1857)

= Pinus protuberans Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 27 (1857)

= Pinus protuberans var. angulata (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 523 (1867)

= Pinus pseudostrobus f. megacarpa Loock; Bull. Dept. Forests Union South Africa 35: 153 (1950)

= Pinus pseudostrobus f. protuberans Martínez; Pinos Mexic., ed. 2, 192, fig. 154 (1948)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. laubenfelsii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. protuberans (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 31 (2009)

= Pinus pseudostrobus var. laubenfelsii Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 60 (1990)

= Pinus regeliana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 29 (1857)

= Pinus rudis Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 70 (1862), non Endl.

species :

Pinus pumila (Pall.) Regel; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]), Suppl. 9: 23 (1858), Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 32(1): 211 (1859)

Name: Dwarf Siberian pine (EN)

Distribution: Siberia (NW-Siberia, S-Yakutia, Baikal region, N-Yakutia); Russian Far East (Upper Amur, Russian Manchuria/Primorye, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Okhotsk / Magadan, Chukotka, Kuril Isl.); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei Mongol); N-Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Cembra pumila (Pall.) Petrov; Fl. Iakut. 1: 64 (1930), pro syn.

= Haploxylon pumilum (Pall.) Kom.; Fl. Kamtchatka 1: 103 (1927), pro syn.

= Pinus cembra subsp. pumila (Pall.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 22 (1983), isonym

= Pinus cembra subsp. pumila (Pall.) Endl.; Syn. Conif.: 142 (1847)

= Pinus cembra var. pumila Pall.; Fl. Ross. [Pallas] 1: 4 (1784)

= Pinus cembra var. pygmaea Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2276 (1838)

= Pinus nana Lemée & H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 60 (1910)

= Pinus pumila f. auriamentata Y.N.Lee; Bull. Korea Pl. Res. 7: 14 (2007)

= Pinus pumila var. mongolica Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 19: 313 (1943)

species :

Pinus pungens Lamb.; Ann. Bot. [König & Sims] 2: 198 (1805) ex Michx., Hist. Arb. Am. 1: 61, t. 5

Name: Table Mountain pine (EN)

Distribution: South Korea [I]; USA (District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

38 kor 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

species :

Pinus quadrifolia Parry ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 402 (1868)

Name: Parry pine, Nut pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (S-California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)

76 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cembroides subsp. parryana (Voss) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 22 (1982)

= Pinus cembroides var. juarezensis (Lanner) Silba; Phytologia 68: 48 (1990)

= Pinus cembroides var. parryana (Engelm.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 1907: 95 (1908)

= Pinus cembroides var. quadrifolia (Parl. ex Sudw.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 7(1): 29 (2000)

= Pinus juarezensis Lanner; Southw. Naturalist 19(1): 77 (1974)

= Pinus llaveana Torr.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 208, t. 55 (1859), nom. illeg.

= Pinus parryana Engelm.; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, 34: 332 (1862), nom. illeg.

= Pinus quadrifolia Parl. ex Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 17 (1897)

= Pinus quadrifolia subsp. juarezensis (Lanner) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 32 (2009)

species :

Pinus radiata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 442 (1837)

Name: Monterey pine, Radiata pine (EN); Monterey-Kiefer (DE); Pino de Monterey (ES)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Orkney Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Portugal [I]; Spain [I]; France [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Italy [I]; Morocco [I]; Canary Isl. [I] (Gran Canaria [I], Tenerife [I], La Gomera [I], Hierro [I], La Palma [I], Lanzarote [I]); South Africa [I]; Cyprus [I]; Turkey [I] (Anatolia [I]); Taiwan [I]; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; W-USA (C-California); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [c]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I]

10 grb ire 12 cis fra por spa 13 ita 20 mor 21 cny 27 saf 34 cyp tur 38 tai 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 76 USA 79 mex 82 clm 83 bol ecu 85 arg cle

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Attenuatae

Conservation Status: Of conservation concern in the wild

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus adunca Bosc ex Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 418 (1815), nom. utique rej.

= Pinus californica Loisel.; Traité Arbr. Arbust. [Duhamel], nouv. éd. 5: 243 (1847), nom. utique rej.

= Pinus insignis Douglas ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2243, f. 2132-2187 (1838)

= Pinus insignis var. laevigata Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 76 (1888)

= Pinus insignis var. macrocarpa Hartw. ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 440 (1867)

= Pinus insignis var. radiata (D.Don) Lemmon; Second Bienn. Rep. Calif. State Board Forest 76, 114 (1888), nom. illeg.

= Pinus montereyensis Rauch ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 197 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus radiata subsp. insignis Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 44: 379 (1932)

= Pinus radiata var. tuberculata (D.Don) Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 41 (1895)

= Pinus rigida Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 160 (1833), nom. illeg.

= Pinus sinclairii Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 392 (1833)

= Pinus tuberculata D.Don; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 17: 442 (1836)

variant :

var. binata (Engelm.) Lemmon; Cone-bear. Trees Pacif. Slope, ed. 3: 42 (1895)

Name: Guadalupe Island pine, Cedros Island pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Cedros Isl.); Isla Guadalupe

79 GLP MEX

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus insignis var. binata Engelm.; Bot. California [W.H.Brewer] 2: 128 (1880)

= Pinus muricata var. cedrosensis Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 7 (1941)

= Pinus radiata f. binata (Engelm.) J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 3 (1941)

= Pinus radiata f. guadalupensis J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 3 (1941)

= Pinus radiata subsp. binata (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 24 (1983)

= Pinus radiata subsp. cedrosensis (J.T.Howell) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 32 (2009)

= Pinus radiata var. cedrosensis (J.T.Howell) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 60 (1990), isonym

= Pinus radiata var. cedrosensis (J.T.Howell) Axelrod; Univ. Calif. Publ. Geology 120: 24 (1980)

species :

Pinus rarissima Businský; Phytotaxa 718(4): 250 (2025)

Distribution: Vietnam (C-Vietnam)

41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae

Conservation Status: known only from a very small area, less than 20 specimens known

species :

Pinus ravii R.C.Srivast.; Indian J. Pl. Sci. (Jaipur) 2(1): 40 (2013)

Distribution: NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)

40 IND

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

species :

Pinus reflexa (Engelm.) Engelm.; Bot. Gaz. 7: 4 (1882)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, SW-Texas); Mexico (Nuevo León, Chihuahua, Coahuila, NE-Sonora)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ayacahuite var. reflexa (Engelm.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 92 (1907)

= Pinus flexilis subsp. reflexa (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus flexilis var. reflexa Engelm.; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6 (Botany): 258 (1878)

= Pinus strobiformis subsp. potosiensis (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 34 (2009)

= Pinus strobiformis var. potosiensis Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 62 (1990)

species :

Pinus remota (Little) D.K.Bailey & Hawksw.; Phytologia 44(3): 129 (1979)

Name: Texas pinyon pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (SW-Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sonora)

77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Cembroides

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus catarinae Robert-Passini; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 1981(1): 70 (1981)

= Pinus cembroides var. remota Little; Wrightia 3: 183 (1966)

= Pinus culminicola var. remota (Little) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

= Pinus remota subsp. catarinae (Passini) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 32 (2009)

species :

Pinus resinosa Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 367 (1789)

Name: Red pine (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus rubra F.Michx.; Hist. Arbr. Forest. 1: 45, t. 1 (1785), nom. illeg.

= Pinus resinosa f. globosa Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 3: 41 (1922)

species :

Pinus rigida Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 10 (1768)

Name: Pitch pine (EN); Pech-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Italy [I]; Belarus [I]; China [I] (Fujian [I], Jiangsu [I], Jiangxi [I], Liaoning [I], Shandong [I]); South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; Canada (Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)

13 ita 14 blr 36 chi 38 kor tai 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus fraseri Lodd.; Cat. Pl. [Loddiges] 50 (1836), nom. illeg.

= Pinus loddigesii Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2269 (1838), nom. inval.

= Pinus rigida f. globosa Allard; Rhodora 42: 308 (1940)

= Pinus taeda var. rigida (Mill.) Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 368 (1789)

species :

Pinus roxburghii Sarg.; Silva [Sargent] 11: 9 (1897)

Name: Chir pine, Long-leaved Indian pine (EN)

Distribution: Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I]; Afghanistan [I] (Nangarhar [I]); S-Tibet; Taiwan [I]; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, etc.); Bangladesh; Myanmar [I]

20 alg mor 26 moz 27 saf 34 afg 36 TIB 38 tai 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 mya

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinaster

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus longifolia Roxb. ex Lamb.; Descr. Pinus [Lambert] 1: 29, t. 21 (1803)

= Pinus serenagensis Madden ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 200 (1858)

species :

Pinus rzedowskii Madrigal & M.Caball.; Bol. Tecn. Inst. Nac. Invest. Forest., Mexico 26: 1 (1969)

Distribution: Mexico (W-Michoacán)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Parrya, subsect. Rzedowskiae

Conservation Status: IUCN E

species :

Pinus sabiniana Douglas; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 16: 749 (1833)

Name: California foothill pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (California, Oregon: Jackson Co.)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Sabinianae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus sabiniana f. microcarpa Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse 1(1, 1(2))6: 134 (1960)

= Pinus sabiniana var. explicata Jeps.; Trees Calif.: 217 (1909)

species :

Pinus scopulorum (Engelm.) Lemmon; Gard. & Forest 10: 183 (1897)

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Nevada, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming); Mexico (Sonora)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus macrophylla Torr.; Rep. Exped. Zuni & Colorado Rivers [Sitgreave] 173 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. scopulorum (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 12: 23 (1982)

= Pinus ponderosa subsp. scopulorum (S.Watson) W.A.Weber; Phytologia 51(6): 374 (1982)

species :

Pinus serotina Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 205 (1803)

Name: Pond pine, Marsh pine (EN)

Distribution: China [I] (Jiangsu [I], Jiangxi [I], Zhejiang [I]); USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia)

36 chi 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus alopecuroides Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 209 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus rigida subsp. serotina (Michx.) Engelm.; Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 4: 177 (1880)

= Pinus rigida var. serotina (Michx.) Loudon ex Hoopes; Book Evergr. 120 (1868)

species :

Pinus sibirica Du Tour; Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat. [Déterville] 18: 18 (1803)

Name: Siberian Pine (EN)

Distribution: European Russia (E-European Russia: Urals); Siberia (W-Siberia/Siberian Urals, NW-Siberia, SW-Siberia, Altay-Yenisey region, S-Yakutia, Baikal region); Russian Far East (Upper Amur, Russian Manchuria/Primorye, Okhotsk / Magadan [I]); Kazakhstan; China (Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Xinjiang); N-Mongolia

14 RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Cembra sibirica Petrov; Fl. Iakut. 1: 62 (1930), pro syn.

= Pinus arolla Petrov; Fl. Iakut.: 63 (1930)

= Pinus cembra f. coronans (Litv.) Krylov; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 1: 79 (1927)

= Pinus cembra f. kairamoi Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 36: 185 (1926)

= Pinus cembra subsp. sibirica (Du Tour) Krylov; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 7: 1724 (1914)

= Pinus cembra var. sibirica (Du Tour) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 22 (1983)

= Pinus cembra var. sibirica (Du Tour) G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon]: 387 (1830)

= Pinus coronans Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 11: 23 (1913)

= Pinus hingganensis H.J.Zhang; Bull. Bot. Lab. N. E. Forest. Inst., Harbin 5(1): 151 (1985)

= Pinus sibirica subsp. hingganensis (H.J.Zhang) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 33 (2009)

= Pinus sibirica var. hingganensis (H.J.Zhang) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 61 (1990)

species :

Pinus squamata X.W.Li; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 14(3): 259 (1992)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, subsect. Gerardianae

Conservation Status: IUCN CR. Known from a single locality only of about 30 trees

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus bungeana subsp. squamata (X.W.Li) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 17 (2009)

species :

Pinus stormiae (Martínez) Frankis; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2023: 43 (2024)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Zacatecas, ?San Luis Potosi)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus arizonica subsp. stormiae (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 15 (2009)

= Pinus arizonica var. stormiae Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 284, fig. 241-243 (1945)

= Pinus ponderosa var. stormiae (Martínez) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 59 (1990)

species :

Pinus strobiformis Engelm.; Mem. Tour N. Mexico [Wislizenus] 102 (1848)

Name: Southwestern white pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. strobiformis (Engelm.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 21 (1983)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. brachyptera Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 11, pl. 6 (1909)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. novogaliciana Carvajal; Fl. Novo-Galiciana 17: 48 (1992)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. strobiformis (Engelm.) Lemmon; Handb. W. Amer. Cone-bearers, ed. 2: 4 (1892)

= Pinus novogaliciana Carvajal; Phytologia 59(2): 131 (1986) (without latin descr.)

= Pinus strobiformis subsp. carvajalii (Silba) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 33 (2009)

= Pinus strobiformis var. carvajalii Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 61 (1990)

species :

Pinus strobus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1001 (1753)

Name: Eastern white pine (EN); Weymouth-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I]); Germany [c]; Czech Republic [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I]; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Guatemala [I]

10 grb 11 cze ger hun slo 13 cro kos slv srb 14 blr rus 32 uzb 36 chi 38 kor tai 51 nzl 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA 80 gua

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Leucopitys strobus (L.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 70 (1913)

= Pinus alba-canadensis Prov.; Fl. Canad. [Provancher] 2: 554 (1863)

= Pinus nivea Booth ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 305 (1855)

= Pinus strobus f. brevifolia (Carrière) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 34 (1949)

= Pinus strobus f. fastigiata (Beissn.) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 31 (1887)

= Pinus strobus f. glauca (Beissn.) Voss; Landlexikon [Putlitz & Meyer] 4: 764 (1913)

= Pinus strobus f. prostrata (Beissn.) Fernald & Weath.; Rhodora 34: 168 (1932)

= Pinus strobus f. umbraculifera (Carrière) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 31 (1887)

= Pinus strobus unranked glauca Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 2: 29 (1893)

= Pinus strobus unranked pendula J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 134 (1866)

= Pinus strobus unranked prostrata Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 8: 107 (1899)

= Pinus strobus subsp. cumberlandensis Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 18(1): 11 (-12) (2011)

= Pinus strobus var. brevifolia Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 303 (1855)

= Pinus strobus var. fastigiata Beissn.; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. ed. 2: 487 (1884)

= Pinus strobus var. umbraculifera Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 304 (1855)

= Pinus tenuifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 399 (1796) nom. illeg.

= Pinus umbraculifera K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 320 (1873), nom. inval.

= Strobus strobus (L.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 29 (1903), nom. inval.

= Strobus weymouthiana Opiz; Lotos 4: 94 (1854)

species :

Pinus stylesii Frankis ex Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 6 (2008)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

species :

Pinus sylvestris L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1000 (1753)

Name: Scots pine (EN), Kiefer, Föhre (DE)

Distribution: Iceland [I]; England (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland, Outer Hebrides [I], Orkney Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands [I]; +Netherlands; Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Jersey [I], Guernsey [I]); Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece (mountains); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; European Russia (N-European Russia, W-European Russia, C-European Russia); Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia/Siberian Urals, NW-Siberia, SW-Siberia, Altay-Yenisey region, S-Yakutia, Baikal region, N-Yakutia); Russian Far East (Upper Amur, Russian Manchuria/Primorye, Sakhalin, Okhotsk / Magadan); Kazakhstan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, WC-Anatolia); Mongolia; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 den FIN GRB ice ire NOR SWE 11 AUT bgm CZE GER HUN LIE lux net NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 kaz uzb 34 TUR 37 MON 38 kor tai 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus altissima Ledeb. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 186 (1858)

= Pinus binato-folio Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 2: 414 (1792), opus utique oppr.

= Pinus borealis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796) nom. illeg.

= Pinus caucasica Fisch. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 186 (1858)

= Pinus cretacea (Kalen.) Kalen. ex Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 206 (1884)

= Pinus ericetorum Thore; Promen. Gascogne: 32 (1810)

= Pinus erzeroomica Calvert ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 186 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus fominii Kondr.; Bot. Žurn. (Kiev) 7(1): 53 (1950)

= Pinus fominii subsp. cretacea (Kalen.) L.V.Orlova; Konspekt Fl. Vost. Evr. 1: 75 (2012)

= Pinus genevensis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 372 (1855)

= Pinus genovensis Garsault; Fig. Pl. Med., t. 81 (1764), opus utique oppr.

= Pinus hagenaviensis K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 274 (1873), nom. inval., orth. var.

= Pinus haguenensis Lavallée; Icon. Sel. Arb. 245 (1877), orth. var.

= Pinus haguenensis ´Loudon´ ex Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 228 (1891), orth. var.

= Pinus haguenoviensis Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 385 (1868)

= Pinus krylovii Serg. & Kondr.; Bot. Žurn. (Kiev) 10(1): 42 (1953)

= Pinus monophylla Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 385 (1868), non Torr. & Frém.

= Pinus montana Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. [Hoffmann] 340 (1791), nom. illeg.

= Pinus mughus Jacq.; Icon. Pl. Rar. [Jacquin], t. 193 (1793), non Scop.

= Pinus navalis Reider; Bloemk. Beschr.: 111 (1830)

= Pinus padufia Ledeb. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 186 (1858)

= Pinus pumila K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 275 (1873)

= Pinus pygmaea K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 275 (1873)

= Pinus resinosa Savi; Fl. Pis. 2: 354 (1798), nom. illeg.

= Pinus rigensis (Loudon) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 9: 210 (1884)

= Pinus rubra Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 3 (1768)

= Pinus scariosa Lodd.; Cat. Pl. [Loddiges] 56 (1836)

= Pinus scariosa Lodd. ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs: 953 (1842), nom. inval.

= Pinus scotica Willd. ex Endl.; Syn. Conif. 172 (1847)

= Pinus sylvestris unranked cretacea Kalen.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 22(I): 301 (1849)

= Pinus sylvestris f. aurea (A.H.Kent) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 27 (1887)

= Pinus sylvestris f. baenitzii F.A.Tscherning; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17(9/10): 136 (1899)

= Pinus sylvestris f. beissneriana Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 5: 77 (1896)

= Pinus sylvestris f. brachyphylla Wittr.; Skand. Gymnospermer: 37 (1887)

= Pinus sylvestris f. condensata Th.Fr.; Bot. Not. 1890: 264 (1890)

= Pinus sylvestris f. contortifolia Brenner; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 21: 7 (1895)

= Pinus sylvestris f. cornigera Brenner; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 23: 6 (1898)

= Pinus sylvestris f. corticola Sylvén; Skand. Fl. [Holmberg] 1: 56 (1922)

= Pinus sylvestris f. erythranthera (Sanio) Ahlfv.; Sver. Fl. [Neuman]: 815 (1901)

= Pinus sylvestris f. fastigiata (Carrière) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 27 (1887)

= Pinus sylvestris f. fruticosa Borbás; Kozlem. Magyar Tudom. Akad. 11: 256 (1874)

= Pinus sylvestris f. gibba (Heer) Ahlfv.; Sver. Fl. [Neuman]: 815 (1901)

= Pinus sylvestris f. globosa Sylvén; Skand. Fl. [Holmberg] 1: 55 (1922)

= Pinus sylvestris f. litvinovii Sukaczev; Lesn. Zhurn. (St. Petersburg) 35(3): 73 (1905)

= Pinus sylvestris f. macrocarpa R.I.Schröd.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 3: 23 (1894)

= Pinus sylvestris f. microphylla Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 5: 77 (1896)

= Pinus sylvestris f. nana (Pall.) O.L.Lipa; Dendrofl. URSR 1: 115 (1939)

= Pinus sylvestris f. nanus Iverus; Bot. Not. 1875: 82 (1875)

= Pinus sylvestris f. palustris Iverus; Bot. Not. 1875: 82 (1875)

= Pinus sylvestris f. parvifolia (Heer) Schröd.; Biblioth. Universelle Genève, sér. 3, 34: 390 (1895)

= Pinus sylvestris f. pendula (C.Lawson) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 27 (1887)

= Pinus sylvestris f. plana (Heer) Ahlfv.; Sver. Fl. [Neuman]: 815 (1901)

= Pinus sylvestris f. plicata L. ex Sylvén; Skand. Fl. [Holmberg] 1: 55 (1922)

= Pinus sylvestris f. serpentina L.V.Orlova & V.V.Byalt; Hortus Botanicus 15: 89 (2020)

= Pinus sylvestris f. tuberculata Sylvén; Skand. Fl. [Holmberg] 1: 56 (1922)

= Pinus sylvestris f. virgata (Casp.) Sylvén; Skand. Fl. [Holmberg] 1: 55 (1922)

= Pinus sylvestris f. watereri (Beissn.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 36 (1949)

= Pinus sylvestris f. willkommii Sukaczev; Lesn. Zhurn. (St. Peterburg) 35(3): 74 (1905)

= Pinus sylvestris unranked kienitzii Seitz; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 37: 349 (1926)

= Pinus sylvestris proles scotica (Beissn.) P.K.Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 29: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris unranked rubra (Mill.) Sart.; Alb. Indig.: 345 (1816)

= Pinus sylvestris unranked seitzii Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 37: 350 (1926)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. amurensis L.V.Orlova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 32 (2001)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. borussica (P.K.Schott) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 3 (1963)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. haguenensis (Loudon) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 3 (1963)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. hercynica (Münch) Rothm.; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 67: 2 (1963)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. krylovii (Serg. & Kondr.) Busik; Fl. Tsentral´noi Sibiri 1: 50 (1979)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. pannonica (Schott) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18 (1-2): 177 (1973)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. scotica (Beissn.) E.F.Warb.; Fl. Brit. Isles [Clapham et al.] 61 (1952)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. septentrionalis (Schott) Sylvén; Meddeland. Statens Skogsförsöksanst. 13-14: 85 (1916)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. sibirica (Ledeb.) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 20 (1999)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. ursina L.V.Orlova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 34 (2001)

= Pinus sylvestris subvar. brevifolia (Link) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 368 (1913)

= Pinus sylvestris subvar. fastigiata (Carrière) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 367 (1913)

= Pinus sylvestris subvar. gibba (Heer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 41 (1924)

= Pinus sylvestris subvar. plana (Heer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 41 (1924)

= Pinus sylvestris subvar. virgata (Casp.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 367 (1913)

= Pinus sylvestris var. altaica Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2159 (1838)

= Pinus sylvestris var. aquitana Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. argentea Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 52 (1838)

= Pinus sylvestris var. aurea A.H.Kent; Man. Conif. [Veitch] 157 (1881)

= Pinus sylvestris var. baenitzii Tschern.; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 136 (1899)

= Pinus sylvestris var. batava Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. borussica Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. brevifolia Link; Linnaea 15: 487 (1842)

= Pinus sylvestris var. caraminica J.Forbes; Pinet. Woburn. 9 (1839)

= Pinus sylvestris var. communis Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 1: 366 (1789), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris var. condensata Thorsrud & Reisæter; Norske Plantenavn 84 (1948), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris var. corticata Thorsrud & Reisæter; Norske Plantenavn 85 (1948), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris var. cretacea (Kalen.) Fomin; Zhurn. Bio-Bot. Tsyklu Vseukrajins´k. Akad. Nauk 1(3-4): 9 (1932)

= Pinus sylvestris var. echinata Link; Linnaea 15: 490 (1842)

= Pinus sylvestris var. erythranthera Sanio; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1871(App.): 8 (1871)

= Pinus sylvestris var. fastigiata Carrière; J. Gén. Hort. 11: 98 (1856)

= Pinus sylvestris var. fruticosa (Borbás) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 368 (1913)

= Pinus sylvestris var. gibba Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 177 (1862)

= Pinus sylvestris var. haguenensis C.Lawson ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2157 (1838)

= Pinus sylvestris var. hercynica Münch; Allg. Forst- Jagd-Zeitung 95: 540 (1924)

= Pinus sylvestris var. horizontalis D.Don; Mem. Caledonian Hort. Soc. 1: 125 (1814)

= Pinus sylvestris var. leucosperma Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 6: 382 (1909)

= Pinus sylvestris var. melanosperma Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 6: 382 (1909)

= Pinus sylvestris var. monticola Schröt.; Biblioth. Universelle Rev. Suisse, Sér. 3, 34: 70 (1895)

= Pinus sylvestris var. nana Pall.; Fl. Ross. [Pallas] 1(1): 6 (1784)

= Pinus sylvestris var. norvegica Castigl.; Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 313 (1790)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pachyphylla Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 1: 17 (1923)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pannonica Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. parvifolia Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 181 (1862)

= Pinus sylvestris var. patula Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 367 (1913)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pendula C.Lawson; List Pl. Fir Tribe [Lawson et al.] 43 (1852)

= Pinus sylvestris var. phaeosperma Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 6: 382 (1909)

= Pinus sylvestris var. plana Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 177 (1862)

= Pinus sylvestris var. plicata Thorsrud & Reisæter; Norske Plantenavn 85 (1948), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris var. rigensis Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2157 (1838)

= Pinus sylvestris var. rubra (Mill.) Reichard; Syst. Pl. 4: 172 (1780)

= Pinus sylvestris var. rubra (Mill.) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 760 (1889)

= Pinus sylvestris var. rubra Merrem; Handb. Pflanzenk. [Merrem] 439 (1809)

= Pinus sylvestris var. rubriflora Buchenau; Fl. Bremen, ed. 3: 295 (1885)

= Pinus sylvestris var. sarmatica Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 6B(46B): 256 (1906)

= Pinus sylvestris var. scariosa Lodd. ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 953 (1842)

= Pinus sylvestris var. scotica Beissn.; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. ed. 2: 488 (1884)

= Pinus sylvestris var. septentrionalis Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. sibirica Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. 4: 199 (1833)

= Pinus sylvestris var. sietzii Schwer.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 37: 350 (1926)

= Pinus sylvestris var. sphagnicola Rupr.; Symb. Pl. Ross. 224 (1846)

= Pinus sylvestris var. subalpina Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 20 (1914)

= Pinus sylvestris var. superrhenana Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus sylvestris var. tatarica (Mill.) Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 1: 366 (1789)

= Pinus sylvestris var. tuberculata Thorsrud & Reisæter; Norske Plantenavn 85 (1948), nom. inval.

= Pinus sylvestris var. turfosa Willk. ex Woerl.; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 3: 181 (1893)

= Pinus sylvestris var. virgata Casp.; Schriften Konigl. Phys.-Okon. Ges. Konigsberg 6: 49 (1866)

= Pinus sylvestris unranked watereri Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 11: 79 (1902)

= Pinus tatarica Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 4 (1768)

= Pinus tortuosa Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 339 (1841)

= Pinus wateriana L.H.Bailey; Cult. Conif. N. Amer. 54 (1933), pro syn.

variant :

var. elicinii Kandemir & Mataracı; Resimli Türkiye Florasi (Ill. Fl. Turkey) 2: 340 (2018)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

variant :

var. hamata Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 52 (1838)

Distribution: European Russia; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia); Iran

14 KRY RUS 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus armena K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 297 (1849)

= Pinus armena var. parviflora Fomin; Golonas. Kavkaz. Krim. 27 (1928)

= Pinus caucasica (Medw.) N.Busch; Mater. Izuch. Estestv. Proizv. Sil Rossii 16: 5 (1917), non Fisch. ex Gordon & Glend.

= Pinus hamata (Steven) Fomin; Mem. Cl. Sci. Phys. Math. Acad. Sci. Ukraine 11: 23 (1928)

= Pinus hamata (Steven) Sosn.; Fl. Tiflis. [Grossheim] 1: 11 (1925) (non Roem. 1857)

= Pinus hamata f. frutescens Fomin; Golonas. Kavkaz. Krim.: 26 (1928)

= Pinus hamata var. kochiana (Klotzsch ex K.Koch) Fomin; Golonas. Kavkaz. Krim. 25 (1928)

= Pinus kochiana Klotzsch ex K.Koch; Linnaea 22: 296 (1849)

= Pinus kochiana var. parviflora (Fomin) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza, ed. 2, 1: 60 (1939)

= Pinus montana var. caucasica Medw.; Derev. Kustarnik. Severn. Kavkaza, ed. 2: 11 (1905)

= Pinus sosnowskyi Nakai; Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho 167: 33 (1939) (Indig. Spec. Conif. & Taxads Korea & Manchur. IV.) 33 (1939)

= Pinus sylvestris f. argentea (Steven) Beissn.; Handb. Conif. [Beissner] 27 (1887)

= Pinus sylvestris f. compacta Kandemir & Mataracı; Resimli Türkiye Florasi (Ill. Fl. Turkey) 2: 345 (2018)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. armena (K.Koch) Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 20 (1914)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. hamata (Steven) Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 20 (1914)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. kochiana (Klotzsch ex K.Koch) Eliçin; Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Derg., A 20(2): 289 (1970 publ. 1971), et in Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Yayinl., 1662 (Turk. Sarić Larinda Morfogen. Arastir.): 93 (1971)

= Pinus sylvestris var. argentea Steven; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 52 (1838)

= Pinus sylvestris var. armena (K.Koch) Fitschen; Handb. Laubholzk. 3: 417 (1930)

= Pinus sylvestris var. compacta Akkemik; Istanbul Üniv. Orman Fak. Derg., A 61: 64 (2010), without a Latin descr.

= Pinus sylvestris var. kochiana (Klotzsch ex K.Koch) Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 20 (1914)

= Pinus sylvestris var. subalpina Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 34: 20 (1914)

variant :

var. lapponica Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 5: 214 (1849)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; European Russia (NW-European Russia); Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia)

10 FIN NOR SWE 14 RUS 30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus frieseana Wich.; Flora 42: 409 (1859)

= Pinus lapponica (Hartm.) Mayr; Fremdländ. Wald- Parkbäume 348 (1906)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. lapponica (Hartm.) Sylvén; Meddeland. Statens Skogsförsöksanst. 13-14: 85 (1916)

variant :

var. mongholica Litv.; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Russk. Fl. Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 5: 160 (1905)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk); China (NW-Heilongjiang, N-Nei Mongol); N-Mongolia

30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densiflora f. ussuriensis (Liou & Q.L.Wang) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 50 (1979)

= Pinus densiflora subsp. takahasii (Nakai) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38 (2009)

= Pinus densiflora var. ussuriensis Liou & Q.L.Wang; Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China 98, 548 (1958)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. kulundensis Sukaczev; Dendrol. Osov. Lesn. Geobot. 177 (1934)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. mongholica (Litv.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 34 (2009)

= Pinus sylvestris var. manguiensis S.Y.Li & Adair; Sida 16(1): 184 (1994)

= Pinus takahasii Nakai; Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho, No. 167: 32 (1939)

= Pinus ussuriensis (Liou & Q.L.Wang) W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law; Trees of China 1: 206 (1961)

= Pinus yamazutae Uyeki; J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 9: 20 (1929)

variant :

var. nevadensis Christ; Verh. Naturf. Ges. Basel 3: 551 (1863)

Distribution: Spain (S-Spain: Sierra Nevada)

12 SPA

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. nevadensis (Christ) Rivas Mart., A.Asensi, Molero Mesa & F.Valle; Rivasgodaya 6: 52 (1991)

species :

Pinus tabuliformis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 510 (1867)

Name: Chinese pine (EN)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Hebei, Liaoning, Ningxia, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi); North Korea

36 CHI 38 NKO

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densata subsp. wilsonii (Businský) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16: 19 (2009)

= Pinus densiflora var. tabuliformis (Carrière) Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 549 (1890)

= Pinus leucosperma Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 27: 558 (1882)

= Pinus sinensis Mayr; Bot. Centralbl. 58(5): 149 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Pinus tabuliformis f. densa Q.Q.Liu & H.Y.Ye; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 13: 220 (1993), nom. inval.

= Pinus tabuliformis var. bracteata Taken.; J. Jap. Forest. Soc. 24: 123 (1942)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. brevifolia S.Y.Wang & C.L.Chang; Fl. Henan 1: 135 (1981)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. grossipellis T.B.Chao & Zhi X.Chen; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 7 (2021)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. parvicoma T.B.Chao & Zhi X.Chen; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 7 (2021)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. rubescens Uyeki; J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 3: 45 (1925)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. tokunagae (Nakai) Taken.; J. Jap. Forest. Soc. 24: 123 (1942)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. wilsonii Businský; Harvard Pap. Bot. 13(1): 18 (2008)

= Pinus taihangshanensis Hu & T.Y.Yao; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 6: 167 (1935)

= Pinus tokunagae Nakai; Rep. Exped. Manchoukuo, Sect. IV, 2 (Contr. Cogn. Fl. Manshuricae) 164 (1935)

= Pinus wilsonii Shaw; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 1: 3 (1911), nom. illeg.

variant :

var. mukdensis (Uyeki ex Nakai) Uyeki; J. Chosen Nat. Hist. Soc. 3: 45 (1925)

Distribution: China (Liaoning, ?Jilin); North Korea

36 CHI 38 NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus mukdensis Uyeki apud Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 195 (1919)

= Pinus tabuliformis subsp. mukdensis (Nakai) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 26 (1999)

variant :

var. umbraculifera Liou & Q.L.Wang; Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China 548 (97) (1958)

Distribution: China (Hebei, Liaoning)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus tabuliformis f. umbraculifera (Liou & Q.L.Wang) Q.L.Wang; Fl. Liaoningica 1: 156 (1988)

= Pinus tabuliformis subsp. umbraculifera (Liou & Q.L.Wang) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 35 (2009)

species :

Pinus taeda L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1000 (1753)

Name: Loblolly pine (EN)

Distribution: Mozambique [I]; China [I]; South Korea [I]; Taiwan [I]; New Zealand [I]; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)

26 moz 36 chi 38 kor tai 51 nzl 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, taeda group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus lutea Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 237 (1788)

= Pinus mughoides E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 330 (1914)

= Pinus taeda var. alopecuroidea Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 368 (1789)

= Pinus taeda var. tenuifolia Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 368 (1789)

species :

Pinus taiwanensis Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30: Art. I, 307 (1911)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, C-Guangxi, Guizhou, S-Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, SE-Yunnan, Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus brevispica Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 3: 191 (1913)

= Pinus luchuensis subsp. taiwanensis (Hayata) D.Z.Li; Edinburgh J. Bot. 54(3): 342 (1997)

= Pinus taiwanensis var. brevifolia T.B.Chao & Zhi X.Chen; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 8 (2021)

= Pinus taiwanensis var. tortuosifolia T.B.Chao & Pei C.Zhang; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 8 (2021)

variant :

var. fragilissima (Businský) Farjon; Handb. World´s Conifers, ed. 2: 795 (2017)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus fragilissima Businský; Novon 13(3): 282 (2003)

species :

Pinus tecunumanii Eguiluz & J.P.Perry; Ci. Forest. (Mexico) 8(41): 4 (1983)

Name: Schwerdtfeger´s pine, Tecun Uman Pine

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 BLZ ELS GUA HON NIC

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, patula group

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus oocarpa var. ochoterenae Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 11. 65 (1940)

= Pinus patula subsp. tecunumanii (Eguiluz & J.P.Perry) Styles; Forest Genet. Res. Inf. (FAO) 13: 50 (1985)

= Pinus tecumumani Schwerdtf.; Entomol. Forest. Guatemala 1 (Pinos Guatemala) 39, 52 (1953) in clavi, sine descr. lat.

species :

Pinus teocote Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 76 (1830)

Name: Aztec pine, Teocote pine (EN)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); ?Guatemala

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, chihuahuana group

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus besseriana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 20 (1857)

= Pinus calocote Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 73 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus eslavae G.R.Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 5: 68 (1914), in obs., pro syn.

= Pinus galocote Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 76 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus hugeli Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 77 (1862)

= Pinus hugelii Roezl ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 583 (1867)

= Pinus interposita Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 78 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus kegelii Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 78 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus microcarpa Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 21 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Pinus mulleriana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 21 (1857)

= Pinus otteana Roezl ex Vilm.; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 18 (1857)

= Pinus patula var. stricta Benth. ex Endl.; Syn. Conif.: 157 (1847)

= Pinus teocote f. macrocarpa (Shaw) Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 158 (1945)

= Pinus teocote f. quinquefoliata Martínez; Anales Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. México 16: 158 (1945), nom. nud.

= Pinus teocote subsp. macrocarpa (Shaw) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 35 (2009)

= Pinus teocote subsp. quinquefoliata (Martínez) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 38, nom. inval.

= Pinus teocote var. macrocarpa Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 17, tab. 10 (1909)

= Pinus tumida Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 585 (1867), non Ludwig (1857)

= Pinus tumida Roezl ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 85 (1862), nom. inval.

= Pinus vilmoriniana Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 20 (1857)

= Pinus vilmoriniana var. besseriana (Roezl) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 580 (1867)

species :

Pinus thunbergii Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 388 (1868)

Name: Japanese black pine (EN)

Distribution: China [I]; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (S-Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Marshall Isl. [I] (Jaluit [I]); USA [I] (Delaware [I], Massachusetts [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], South Carolina [I], Virginia [I])

36 chi 38 JAP KOR NKO 62 mrs 75 usa 78 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus massoniana Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. (Lugduni) 2: 24 (1842), nom. illeg.

= Pinus pinaster Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2218 (1838) non Aiton

= Pinus sylvestris Thunb.; Fl. Jap. [Thunberg] 274 (1784) (non L. 1753)

= Pinus thunbergiana Franco; Anais Inst. Super. Agron. 16: 130 (1949)

= Pinus thunbergii f. multicaulis Uyeki; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 17 (1938)

= Pinus thunbergii f. oculus-draconis (Mayr) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 39 (1949)

= Pinus thunbergii var. oculus-draconis Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 98 (1890)

= Pinus thunbergii var. pendula Mayr; Monogr. Abietin. Japan. Reich. 89 (1890)

species :

Pinus torreyana Parry ex Torr.; Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound., Bot. [Emory] 210, t. 58 (1859)

subspecies :

subsp. torreyana

Name: Torrey pine, Soledad pine, Del Mar pine (EN)

Distribution: W-USA (SW-California: San Diego Co., Santa Barbara Co.)

76 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Sabinianae

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus lophosperma Lindl.; Gard. Chron. 1860: 46 (1860)

subspecies :

subsp. insularis J.R.Haller; Syst. Bot. 11(1): 45 (1986)

Name: Santa Cruz Island Torr. pine (EN)

Distribution: USA (California Channel Isl.: Santa Rosa Island)

76 USA

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus torreyana var. insularis (Haller) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 64 (1990)

species :

Pinus tropicalis Morelet; Rev. Hort. Côte d´Or, Sér. 4, 1: 106 (1855), et in Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Moselle 7: 97-101 (1885)

Name: Pino, Pino blanco, Pino de Cuba, Pino hembra (Cuba)

Distribution: W-Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud)

81 CUB

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus cubensis var. terthrocarpa C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 217 (1866)

= Pinus terthrocarpa (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Shaw; Trees & Shrubs [Sargent] 149 (1903)

species :

Pinus uncinata Ramond ex DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 726 (1805)

subspecies :

subsp. uncinata

Name: Moor-Kiefer, Rundzapfige Kiefer (DE); Mountain pine (EN)

Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; W-Austria; Slovakia; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; New Zealand [I]

11 AUT LIE SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA 51 nzl

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus. Often included as subspecies in P. mugo. Nominotypical uncinata seems to be missing in Germany

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus laricio var. humilior Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 366 (1913)

= Pinus montana proles uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 365 (1913)

= Pinus montana subf. pendula (Hartig ex Willk.) Schelle; Winterh. Nadelh.: 195 (1909)

= Pinus montana f. hausmannii Christ; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 231 (1865)

= Pinus montana subsp. rotundata (Link) Bertsch & F.Bertsch; Fl. Württemberg Hohenzollern [Bertsch], ed. 2: 40 (1948)

= Pinus montana subsp. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Čelak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 1(3) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 1): 16 (1867)

= Pinus montana subvar. rotundata (Link) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 366 (1913)

= Pinus montana var. hausmannii (Christ) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Farn- u. Blütenpfl. Tirol. 1: 113 (1906)

= Pinus montana var. humilior Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 366 (1913)

= Pinus montana var. rostrata (Antoine) Willk.; Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr.: 172 (1872)

= Pinus montana var. rotundata (Link) Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 12 (1840)

= Pinus montana var. rotundata (Link) Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 9 (1906), isonym

= Pinus montana var. rotundata (Link) Willk.; Forstl. Fl. Deutschl. Oesterr. 174 (1872), isonym

= Pinus montana var. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 184 (1862)

= Pinus mughus var. rotundata (Link) Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1(2): 880 (1864)

= Pinus mughus var. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) K.Koch; Flora 23: 670 (1840)

= Pinus mugo subsp. rostrata (Antoine) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 23 (1983)

= Pinus mugo subsp. rotundata (Link) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 15: 27 (1985)

= Pinus mugo subsp. rotundata (Link) Janch. & H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 214 (1942)

= Pinus mugo subsp. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 13 (1935)

= Pinus mugo var. palustris (Hagenb.) Breistr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 110: 50 (1963)

= Pinus mugo var. rostrata (Antoine) Hoopes; Book Evergr. 91 (1868)

= Pinus mugo var. rotundata (Link) Hoopes; Book Evergr.: 91 (1868)

= Pinus mugo var. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 50 (1923)

= Pinus pumilio var. rostrata (Antoine) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 478 (1867)

= Pinus pumilio var. rotundata (Link) Ten.; Fl. Napol. 5: 268 (1836)

= Pinus pumilio var. torfacea Babey; Fl. Jurass. [Babey] 3: 461 (1845)

= Pinus pumilio var. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2, 1: 477 (1867)

= Pinus rotundata Link; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1827: 168 (1827)

= Pinus sanguinea Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 587 (1813)

= Pinus sylvestris var. palustris Hagenb.; Tent. Fl. Brasil. 2: 441 (1834)

= Pinus sylvestris var. pumilio (Haenke) Gaudin; Baier. Fl. 10: 230 (1789)

= Pinus sylvestris var. rotundata (Link) Link; Linnaea 15: 486 (1842)

= Pinus sylvestris var. uncinata (Ramond ex DC.) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2156 (1838)

= Pinus uliginosa subsp. rotundata (Link) Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 1: 17 (1923)

= Pinus uncinata f. gibba Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 14: 212 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata subsp. rotundata (Link) Janch. & H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91: 214 (1942), nom. altern.

= Pinus uncinata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 339 (1841), nom. illeg.

= Pinus uncinata var. ancestralis Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 7 (2008)

= Pinus uncinata var. castanea Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. cinerascens Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. concolor Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. discolor Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. elongata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. leucosperma Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. pelosperma Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. pendula Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. rostrata Antoine; Coniferen: 12 (1840)

= Pinus uncinata var. rotundata (Link) Antoine; Coniferen [Antoine] 12 (1840)

= Pinus uncinata var. solaris Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 40: 200 (1861)

subspecies :

subsp. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) Businský; Phyton (Horn) 46: 132 (2006)

Name: Moor-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Germany; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; France; N-Italy; Ukraine

11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA 14 UKR

Remarks: Often included as subspecies in P. mugo. By far more common than typical subsp. uncinata.

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus humilis Link; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1827: 170 (1830)

= Pinus montana var. humilis (Link) Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 186 (1862)

= Pinus montana var. mugho (Poir.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 380 (1841)

= Pinus montana var. pseudopumilio (Willk.) Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 9 (1906)

= Pinus montana var. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 185 (1862)

= Pinus mugho Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 336 (1804)

= Pinus mughus var. erecta Grab.; Fl. Ober-Schlesien [Grabowski] 256 (1843)

= Pinus mughus var. obliqua (Saut.) C.F.M.Elsner; Syn. Fl. Cervimont. 23 (1839)

= Pinus mughus var. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 767 (1844)

= Pinus mughus var. uliginosa W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv., ed. 2.: 767 (1844), nom. illeg.

= Pinus mugo f. mughoides (Willk.) K.I.Chr.; Nordic J. Bot. 7: 393 (1987)

= Pinus mugo f. mughoides (Willk.) K.I.Chr.; Nordic J. Bot. 7(4): 393 (1987)

= Pinus mugo subsp. pseudopumilio (Willk.) Holubickova; Preslia 37: 286 (1965)

= Pinus mugo subsp. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1(1): 86 (1949)

= Pinus mugo subsp. uliginosa G.E.Neumann ex Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 17(1): 1 (-2) (2010)

= Pinus mugo var. pseudopumilio (Willk.) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 13 (1935)

= Pinus obliqua Saut.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 159 (1831)

= Pinus pseudopumilio (Willk.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 5 (1890)

= Pinus pumilio var. mugho (Poir.) Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2187 (1838)

= Pinus pumilio var. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) Ratzeb.; Forstnaturwiss. Reisen Deutschl. 298 (1842)

= Pinus rotundata var. pseudopumilio (Willk.) H.Neumayer in Janch. & H.Neumayer; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 91(4): 214 (1942)

= Pinus sylvestris var. humilis (Link) Link; Linnaea 15: 488 (1842)

= Pinus sylvestris var. uliginosa (G.E.Neumann) Link; Linnaea 15: 488 (1842)

= Pinus uliginosa f. conica Beck; Ann. K. K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 3: 78 (1888)

= Pinus uliginosa G.E.Neumann ex Wimm.; Übers. Arbeiten Veränd. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 1837: 96 (1838)

= Pinus uliginosa var. conica (Beck) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 5 (1890)

= Pinus uncinata f. mughoides Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharandt 14 (n. s., 7): 212, fig. 1-10 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. applanata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. brunnea Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. callosperma Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. capuzina Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. carinata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. cincta Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. gracilis Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. irregularis Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. macroptera Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. melanocincta Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. microcarpa Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. microptera Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. miniata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. mughoides (Willk.) F.Benoît; Bull. Mycol. Bot. Dauphiné-Savoie 236: 29 (2020)

= Pinus uncinata var. multicolor Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. obscurata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. opaca Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. ovata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. pallida Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. planata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. pseudopumilio Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 218 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. pyramidata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. radiata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. rufeasens Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 201 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. sanguinolenta Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. tricolor Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. turgescens Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

= Pinus uncinata var. zonata Hartig ex Willk.; Jahrb. Königl. Sächs. Akad. Forst- Landwirte Tharand 40: 202 (1861)

species :

Pinus vallartensis Pérez de la Rosa & Gernandt; Phytotaxa 331(2): 234 (2017)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Australes, oocarpa group

species :

Pinus veitchii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 32 (1857)

Distribution: Mexico (Guanajuato, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, México State, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Morelos, Michoacán)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. loudoniana (Gordon & Glend.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 21 (1983)

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. popocatepetlii (Roezl) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 15 (2009)

= Pinus ayacahuite subsp. veitchii (Roezl) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 16 (2009)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. loudoniana (Gordon & Glend.) Silba; Phytologia 68: 47 (1990), isonym

= Pinus ayacahuite var. loudoniana (Gordon & Glend.) A.E.Murray; Kalmia 13: 21 (1983)

= Pinus ayacahuite var. veitchii (Roezl) Shaw; Publ. Arnold Arbor. 1: 10 (1909)

= Pinus bonapartea Roezl; Gard. Chron. 1858: 358 (1858)

= Pinus buonapartea Roezl ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 218 (1858), nom. inval.

= Pinus loudoniana Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 230 (1858)

= Pinus popocatepetlii Roezl; Cat. Grain. Conif. Mexic. 38 (1857)

= Pinus strobiformis subsp. veitchii (Roezl) Frankis; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2008: 68 (2009)

= Pinus veitchii var. zempoalensis Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse 1(1, 1(2))6: 193 (1960)

species :

Pinus virginiana Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 9 (1768)

Name: Virginia pine, scrub pine, Jersey pine.

Distribution: China [I]; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario); USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

36 chi 71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Contortae

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus inops Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 3: 367 (1789), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ruthenica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 471 (1867), pro syn.

= Pinus turbinata Bosc ex Loudon; Encycl. Trees Shrubs 975 (1842)

= Pinus turbinata Bosc; Nouv. Cours Compl. Agric. 10: 96 (1809)

species :

Pinus wallichiana A.B.Jacks.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 85 (1938)

Name: Blue pine (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I]); Hungary [c]; Italy [I]; Slovenia [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); China (NW-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, etc.); Myanmar (Kachin); USA [I] (Illinois [I])

10 grb ire 11 hun 13 ita kos slv srb 34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 74 usa

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Synonyms: hidden

= Leucopitys excelsa Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 70 (1913)

= Pinus chylla Lodd.; Cat. Pl. [Loddiges] 1836: 50 (1836), nomen

= Pinus dicksoniana J.Forbes; Hort. Woburn.: 208 (1833), tentatively listed as a synonym.

= Pinus dicksonii Carrière; Traite Gen. Conif. 300 (1855), nom. inval.

= Pinus excelsa Wall. ex D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 1, 2: 5, t. 3 (1824), nom. illeg.

= Pinus griffithii McClell.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 17 (1854), nom. prov.

= Pinus nepalensis Chambr.; Traite Arbr. Resin. Conif. 342 (1845) (non Forbes 1839)

= Pinus wallichiana subsp. manangensis (H.Ohba & M.Suzuki) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 36 (2009)

= Pinus wallichiana var. manangensis H.Ohba & M.Suzuki; Bull. Univ. Mus. Univ. Tokyo 31 (Himalayan Pl. 1): 350 (1988)

variant :

var. parva K.C.Sahni; Indian J. Forest. 12(1): 40 (1989)

Distribution: SE-Tibet; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)

36 TIB 40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus arunachalensis R.C.Srivast.; Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Pl. Biol. 4(5): 86 (2017), nom. nov.

= Pinus parva (K.C.Sahni) R.C.Srivast.; Indian J. Pl. Sci. (Jaipur) 2(1): 41 (2013), nom. illeg.

= Pinus wallichiana subsp. parva (K.C.Sahni) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 36 (2009)

species :

Pinus wangii Hu & W.C.Cheng; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot., n. s. 1: 191 (1948)

Name: Wang pine (EN)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan, W-Guangxi, S-Guizhou); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: Subgen. Strobus, Sect. Quinquefoliae, Subsect. Strobus

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus parviflora var. wangii (Hu & W.C.Cheng) Eckenw.; Conifers World 647 (2009)

species :

Pinus yecorensis Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 233 (1995)

Distribution: Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Durango)

79 MEX

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Trifoliae, Subsect. Ponderosae. Status quite disputed

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus gordoniana subsp. sinaloensis (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Frankis; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2023: 43 (2024)

= Pinus gordoniana subsp. yecorensis (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Frankis; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2023: 42 (2024)

= Pinus pseudostrobus subsp. yecorensis (Debreczy & I.Rácz) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 32 (2009)

= Pinus yecorensis var. sinaloensis Debreczy & I.Rácz; Phytologia 78(4): 236 (1995)

species :

Pinus yunnanensis Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 253 (1899)

Name: Yunnan pine (EN)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, SE-Yunnan, SW-Sichuan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: Subgen. Pinus, Sect. Pinus, Subsect. Pinus

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densata var. pygmaea Hsueh ex W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

= Pinus insularis var. tenuifolia (W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 51 (1990)

= Pinus insularis var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Silba; Phytologia Mem. 7: 52 (1984)

= Pinus kesiya subsp. yunnanensis (Franch.) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 68: 24 (1999)

= Pinus sinensis var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Shaw; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2: 17 (1914)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks.; Handb. Conif. [Dallimore & Jackson], ed. 3: 563 (1948)

= Pinus yunnanensis subsp. tenuifolia (W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 37 (2009)

= Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia W.C.Cheng & Y.W.Law ex W.C.Cheng & L.K.Fu; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

variant :

var. pygmaea (Hsueh f.) Hsueh f.; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 258 (1978)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densata var. pygmaea Hsueh f.; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 13(4): 85 (1975)

= Pinus tabuliformis var. pygmaea (Hsueh f.) Silba; Phytologia 68: 63 (1990)

= Pinus yunnanensis subsp. pygmaea (Hsueh f.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 36 (2009)

species :

Pinus ×ascendens Businský; Phyton (Horn) 50(1): 51(fig.6) [nothosubsp.]

subspecies :

subsp. ascendens

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Germany; Poland; Switzerland; France; Italy

11 AUT CZE GER POL SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Pinus mugo x P. uncinata

subspecies :

subsp. skalickyi Businský; Phyton (Horn) 50(1): 52 (-53) [nothosubsp.]

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Poland

11 AUT CZE POL

Remarks: Pinus mugo x P. uncinata ssp. uliginosa

species :

Pinus ×attenuradiata Stockw. & Righter; Madroño 8: 160 (1946)

Distribution: W-USA (California)

76 USA

Remarks: Pinus attenuata x P. radiata

species :

Pinus ×celakovskiorum Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 230 (1897)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Czech Republic; Poland; Italy

11 CZE GER POL 13 ITA

Remarks: Pinus mugo x sylvestris

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ×celakovskyorum f. coerulea Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 12 (1906)

= Pinus ×celakovskyorum f. heterophylla Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 11 (1906)

= Pinus ×celakovskyorum f. viridis Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 11 (1906)

species :

Pinus ×cerambycifera Businský; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 125(1): 13 (2003)

Distribution: China (Anhui)

36 CHI

Remarks: Pinus hwangshanensis x P. massonica

species :

Pinus ×critchfieldii Businský; Feddes Repert. 123(3): 212 (2013)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Pinus patula x P. taeda

species :

Pinus ×densithunbergii Uyeki; Sci. Rep. Matsuyama Agric. Coll. 10(Not. Pl. Lign. Sikok. 2): 6 (1953)

Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)

38 JAP KOR

Remarks: Pinus densiflora x P. thunbergii

species :

Pinus ×funebris Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 20: 177 (1901)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye, Khabarovsk); China

31 RFE 36 CHI

Remarks: Pinus densiflora x P. sylvestris

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus densiflora subsp. funebris (Kom.) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 19 (2009)

= Pinus densiflora var. funebris (Kom.) Liou & Q.L.Wang; Ill. Fl. Ligneous Pl. N. E. China 98 (1955)

species :

Pinus ×galaiana Papaioannou ex Cavadas; Fl. Greece A, Pterid., Gymnosp. & Monocot. 187 (1938)

Distribution: Greece; Turkey (Anatolia)

13 GRC 34 TUR

Remarks: Pinus brutia x P. halepensis

species :

Pinus ×hakkodensis Makino; Fl. Japan. [Makino & Nemoto], ed. 2: 148 (1931)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu, Hokkaido)

38 JAP

Remarks: Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla x P. pumila

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus pentaphylla var. hakkodensis (Makino) Kusaka; Conif. Jap. Ill., ed. 2: 151 (1954)

species :

Pinus ×hunnewelli Alb.G.Johnson; J. Arnold Arbor. 33: 183 (1952)

Distribution: USA (Massachusetts)

75 USA

Remarks: Pinus parviflora x P. strobus

species :

Pinus ×jigongshanensis T.B.Chao, Zhi X.Chen & H.T.Dai; Select. Pap. Zhao Tianbang 8 (2021)

Distribution: China (Henan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Pinus elliottii x P. taeda

species :

Pinus ×kohae Frankis; Int. Dendrol. Soc. Year Book 2023: 43 (2024), nom. nov.

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico)

76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: Pinus californiarum x P. edulis

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus californiarum subsp. fallax (Little) D.K.Bailey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44(2): 279 (1987)

= Pinus edulis var. fallax Little; Phytologia 17: 331 (1968)

= Pinus monophylla subsp. fallax (Little) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 27 (2009)

= Pinus monophylla var. fallax (Little) Silba; Phytologia 68(1): 54 (1990)

= Pinus ×fallax (Little) Businský; Acta Pruhon. 88: 11 (2008), nom. illeg.

species :

Pinus ×litvinovii L.V.Orlova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 36 (2001)

Distribution: Siberia (Chita)

30 SIB

Remarks: Pinus sylvestris x P. tabuliformis

species :

Pinus ×murraybanksiana Righter & Stockw.; Madroño 10: 69 (1949), hybr. artef.

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan); USA (California)

71 CDN 76 USA

Remarks: Pinus banksiana x P. contorta

species :

Pinus ×naxiorum Businský; Harvard Pap. Bot. 13(1): 11 (2008)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: Pinus densata x P. yunnanensis

species :

Pinus ×neilreichiana Reichardt; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 26: 461 (1876)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: Pinus sylvestris x P. nigra

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ×permixta Beck; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 766 (1888)

species :

Pinus ×rhaetica Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, N. F. 23-24: 121 (1880) [nothossp.]

subspecies :

subsp. rhaetica

Name: Engadin-Kiefer (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; N-Italy; Czech Republic; etc.

11 AUT CZE GER SWI 13 ITA

Remarks: Pinus uncinata ssp. uncinata x Pinus sylvestris

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus engadinensis (Heer) Ronniger; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 69: (204) (1920)

= Pinus montana var. glauca Schröt.; Biblioth. Universelle Rev. Suisse, Sér. 3, 14: 280 (1885)

= Pinus montana var. plana Christ; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 232 (1865)

= Pinus sylvestris subsp. engadinensis (Heer) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 223 (1897)

= Pinus sylvestris var. engadinensis Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 181 (1862)

= Pinus sylvestris var. hybrida Heer; Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 46: 182 (1862)

= Pinus sylvestris var. plana (D.H.Christ) Schröt.; Biblioth. Universelle Rev. Suisse, sér. 3, 14: 280 (1885), nom. illeg.

= Pinus sylvestris var. pseudouncinata Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 7 (1906)

= Pinus sylvestris var. vindelica Ant.Schott; Forstwiss. Centralbl. 1907: 278 (1907)

= Pinus ×bougetii Flous; Enzykl. Holzgewächse [Roloff et al.], 58. Erg. Lief.: 12 (2011), nom. inval.

= Pinus ×christii (Brügger) Seiler; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.f., 51: 48 (1908-1909 publ. 1909)

= Pinus ×heerii (Brügger) Seiler; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.f., 51: 47 (1908-1909 publ. 1909), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ×rhaetica nothovar. bolosii Rivas Mart., M.J.Costa & P.Soriano; Itin. Geobot. 15: 705 (2002)

= Pinus ×rhaetica nothovar. borgiae Rivas Mart., M.J.Costa & P.Soriano; Itin. Geobot. 15: 705 (2002)

= Pinus ×rhaetica subsp. christii Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.f., 29: 176 (1884-1885 publ. 1886)

= Pinus ×rhaetica subsp. heerii Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.f., 29: 175 (1884-1885 publ. 1886)

= Pinus ×rhaetica subsp. pyramidalis Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, n.f., 29: 175 (1884-1885 publ. 1886)

= Pinus ×suevica Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 10 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. digenea (Beck) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 3 (1890) [nothossp.]

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; Czech Republic

11 AUT CZE GER

Remarks: Pinus uncinata ssp. uliginosa x sylvestris

Synonyms: hidden

= Pinus ×digenea f. lucida Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 10 (1906)

= Pinus ×digenea f. pedunculata Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 10 (1906)

= Pinus ×digenea f. subconica Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 11 (1906)

= Pinus ×digenea f. submontana Bertsch; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 11 (1906)

= Pinus ×digenea Wettst.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 108 (1889), nom. illeg.

= Pinus ×digenea Beck; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 3: 77 (1888)

= Pinus ×wettsteinii Fritsch; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 39: 153 (1889)

species :

Pinus ×saportae Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 368 (1913)

subspecies :

subsp. saportae

Distribution: SE-France

12 FRA

Remarks: Pinus halepensis x P. pinaster subsp. pinaster

subspecies :

subsp. currasii P.P.Ferrer, E.Laguna, R.Roselló & Peris; Fl. Montiber. 88: 45 (2024) [nothosubsp.]

Distribution: E-Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: Pinus halepensis x P. pinaster subsp. escarena

species :

Pinus ×sondereggeri H.H.Chapm. ex Sudw.; Check List For. Trees U.S., ed. 2: 22 (1927)

Distribution: USA (Louisiana, North Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Pinus palustris x P. taeda

species :

Pinus ×transamericana Businský; Feddes Repert. 123(3): 210 (2013)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Pinus muricata x P. rigida

Loading ...

Prev genus

Top

Next genus

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (6)

Genus (11)

Display options

Search for: Pinus pseudostrobus-var.-apulcensis

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
**in total 1,423,438* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (6)

Genus (11)

Display options

Search for: Pinus pseudostrobus-var.-apulcensis

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
**in total 1,423,438* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]