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065.0000 Family Cupressaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 222 (1822), nom. cons.
ca. 30 genera, ca. 160 spp. Phylogeny see Yang et al. (2012)
Species listed in database: 174; hybrids: 12
= Actinostrobaceae Lotsy; Vortr. Bot. Stammesgesch. 3: 98 (1911)
= Arceuthidaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 79 (2006)
= Athrotaxidoideae L.Chu Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 30(4): 339 (1992)
= Athrotaxidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xix (2001)
= Cryptomeriaceae Gorozh.; Lekts. Morf. Sist. Archegon. 88 (1904)
= Cunninghamiaceae Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 1, 3 (1842)
= Diselmaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 96 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 80 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 41 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Juniperaceae J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 142 (1822)
= Libocedraceae Doweld; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 42 (2001)
= Limnopityaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 25 (1932)
= Metasequoiaceae S.Miki ex Hu & W.C.Cheng; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot., n. s. 2, 1: 154 (1948)
= Microbiotaceae Nakai; Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho 165: 13 (1938)
= Neocallitropsidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
= Pilgerodendraceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 87 (2006)
= Platycladaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 97 (2006)
= Sequoiaceae K.Koch ex Luerss.; Grundz. Bot. [Luerssen] 265 (1877)
= Sequoiaceae (Saxton) C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 100 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Taiwaniaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 26 (1932)
= Taxodiaceae Saporta; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 4: 44 (1865), nom. cons.
= Tetraclinaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 27 (1932)
= Thujaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 502, 1149 (1835)
= Thujopsidaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 7: 325 (1907)
= Widdringtoniaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
065.6011 Genus Platycladus Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach], Phan. 11: 333 (1842)
Distribution: China, widely cultivated
Species listed in database: 1
= Biota D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 2: 129 (1828)
species :
Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco; Portugaliae Acta Biol., Sér. B, Sist. Vol. Julio Henriques, 33 (1949)
Name: Morgenländischer Lebensbaum (DE), Chinese arborvitae (EN)
Distribution: Germany [c]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [c]; Italy [I]; San Marino [c]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Bosnia & Hercegovina [I]; Serbia [c]; Kosovo [c]; European Russia [I]; Morocco [I]; Algeria [I]; Mozambique [I]; Cameroon [I]; D.R.Congo [Zaire] [I]; Mauritius [I]; Chagos Arch. [I] (Diego Garcia [I]); Turkmenistan [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Northern Caucasus [I]; Georgia [Caucasus] [I]; European Turkey [c]; Turkey [c]; Iran [I]; Saudi Arabia [I]; China (S-Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shanxi); South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Java [I]; Northern Marianas [I] (Tinian [I], Rota Isl. [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Majuro [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; Belize [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cuba [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I]); San Andres y Providencia [I] (San Andres [I]); Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Bolivia [I]
11 ger hun slo 13 bih cro ita kos slv sma srb tue 14 rus 20 alg mor 23 cmn zai 26 moz 29 cgs mau 32 tkm tzk uzb 33 geo ncs 34 irn tur 35 sau 36 CHI 38 jap kor tai 40 ban bhu ind 41 cbd lao mya 42 jaw 62 gum mic mrn mrs 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos hon 81 cub pue vir 82 clm ven 83 bol
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Biota aurea (Carrière) K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 183 (1873)
= Biota chengii (Bordères & Gaussen) Bordères & Gaussen; Trav. Lab. Forest. Toulouse, Tome 2, sect. 1, vol. 1(2), chap. 13: 235, in clavi, 236 (1968) (sine descr. lat.)
= Biota coraeana Siebold ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 17 (1862)
= Biota defresneana C.Van Geert ex K.Koch; Wochenschr. Vereines Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 6: 119 (1863)
= Biota delicatissima Dallière; Ind. Bibl. Hort. Belg. [Morren & de Vos] 32 (1887), nom. nud.
= Biota dumosa Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 96 (1867)
= Biota elegantissima Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 60 (1891)
= Biota ericoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2.: 141 (1867)
= Biota excelsa Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 17 (1862)
= Biota falcata (Veitch) Hogg; Gard. Year Book 1863: 70 (1863)
= Biota falcata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 96 (1867), nom. illeg.
= Biota fernandiana Lavallée; Icon. Sel. Arb. 277 (1877), nomen
= Biota fortunei Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 94 (1867)
= Biota freneloides Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 35 (1858), nom. illeg.
= Biota freneloides Rollison; Gard. Chron. 1857: 418 (1857)
= Biota funiculata Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 52 (1862)
= Biota gracilifolia Knight; Syn. Conif. 16 (1847)
= Biota intermedia Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 35 (1858)
= Biota japonica Siebold ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 33 (1858)
= Biota japonica var. pendula Stelzner; Ind. Bibl. Hort. Belg. [Morren & de Vos] 32 (1887), nomen
= Biota macrocarpa Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 422 (1862)
= Biota macrocarpa R.Sm.; Pl. Fir Tribe: 9 (1874), nom. illeg.
= Biota meldensis P.Lawson ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum: 37 (1858)
= Biota nepalensis Endl. ex Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 35 (1858)
= Biota orientalis (L.) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 47 (1847)
= Biota orientalis f. sieboldii W.C.Cheng & W.T.Wang; Trees of China 1: 234 (1961)
= Biota orientalis unranked fortunei Jacob-Makoy; Nursery Cat. (L.Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 114: 21 (1870)
= Biota orientalis unranked meldensis Jacob-Makoy; Nursery Cat. (L.Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 112: 5 (1868)
= Biota orientalis unranked pendula (Thunb.) J.Nelson; Pinaceae: 64 (1866)
= Biota orientalis unranked pendula-variegata J.Nelson; Pinaceae: 64 (1866)
= Biota orientalis var. argentea Rafarin; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 46: 74 (1874)
= Biota orientalis var. ascotensis Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 422 (1875)
= Biota orientalis var. aurea Carrière; Man. Gén. Pl. 4: 321 (1857)
= Biota orientalis var. beverleyensis Hu; Manual Econ. Pl. 131 (1955)
= Biota orientalis var. cristata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 97 (1867)
= Biota orientalis var. cupressoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 97 (1867)
= Biota orientalis var. dumosa Verschaff. & Van Geert; Ind. Bibl. Hort. Belg. [Morren & de Vos] 32 (1887), nomen
= Biota orientalis var. elegantissima Rollison ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 17 (1862)
= Biota orientalis var. falcata (Veitch) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 96 (1867)
= Biota orientalis var. fernandiana Lavallée; Énum. Arbres 277 (1877)
= Biota orientalis var. filiformis (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Henkel & W.Hochst.; Syn. Nadelhölz. 272 (1865)
= Biota orientalis var. filiformis-erecta Van Houtte; Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 17(Misc.): 120 (1867)
= Biota orientalis var. flagelliformis (Jacques) Hoopes; Book Evergr.: 334 (1868)
= Biota orientalis var. glauca Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif.: 95 (1855)
= Biota orientalis var. macrocarpa (R.Sm.) Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 422 (1875)
= Biota orientalis var. monstrosa Van Geert; Ind. Bibl. Hort. Belg. [Morren & de Vos] 32 (1887), nomen
= Biota orientalis var. pendula (Thunb.) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 100 (1867)
= Biota orientalis var. semperaurescens Lemoine ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 422 (1875)
= Biota orientalis var. sieboldii Van Geert; Ind. Bibl. Hort. Belg. [Morren & de Vos] 33 (1887)
= Biota orientalis var. verschaffeltii Lem.; Ill. Hort. 9: 324 (1862)
= Biota orientalis unranked variegata-aurea Jacob-Makoy; Nursery Cat. (L.Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 112: 5 (1868)
= Biota pendula (Thunb.) Endl.; Syn. Conif. 19 (1847)
= Biota pendula unranked intermedia Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl.: 18 (1862), pro syn.
= Biota pendula unranked recurvata Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl.: 18 (1862), pro syn.
= Biota prostrata Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 401 (1875)
= Biota pyramidalis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 96 (1855)
= Biota semperaurea Mast. & T.Moore; Gard. Chron., n.s., 1: 60 (1874)
= Biota semperaurescens (Lemoine ex Gordon) Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 60 (1891)
= Biota stricta (Spach) Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 205 (1850)
= Biota tatarica Lindl. & Gordon; J. Hort. Soc. London 5: 205 (1850)
= Biota triangularis W.Bull ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 2: 729 (1862)
= Biota variegata Gordon & Glend.; Pinetum 34 (1858)
= Biota wareana Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 104 (1862)
= Biota zuccarinii Siebold ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 94 (1867)
= Chamaecyparis decussata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 140 (1867)
= Cupressus filiformis Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 63 (1891)
= Cupressus pendula Abel; Embassy China [Staunton] 2: 525 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Cupressus pendula Thunb.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 4: 40 (1783), Thunb. Fl. Jap. 265 (1784), et L., Syst. Veg., ed. 14: 861 (1784)
= Cupressus thuya O.Targ.Tozz.; Ann. Mus. Imp. Fis. Firenze reimpr. 3-5: 72 (1810)
= Juniperus ericoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 140 (1867)
= Platycladus chengii (Bordères & Gaussen) A.V.Bobrov; 14. Symp. Biodivers. & Evolutionsbiol. Jena 1999 (ed. H. Manitz & F. H. Hellwig): 18 (1999)
= Platycladus orientalis f. pendula Q.Q.Liu & H.Y.Ye; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 13: 221 (1993), nom. inval.
= Platycladus orientalis subsp. chengii (Bordères & Gaussen) Silba; J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 13(1): 19 (2006)
= Platycladus stricta Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 335 (1842)
= Retinispora decurvata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Retinispora decussata Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 364 (1862)
= Retinispora ericoides Zucc. ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 91 (1862)
= Retinispora flavescens Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 58 (1891)
= Retinispora glauca Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 495 (1881)
= Retinispora juniperoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 140 (1867)
= Retinispora recurvata Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 495 (1881)
= Retinispora rigida Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Thuja acuta Moench; Methodus: 692 (1794)
= Thuja antarctica Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 102 (1862)
= Thuja argentea Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 94 (1855)
= Thuja aurea Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 96 (1855)
= Thuja australis Ten.; Atti Reale Accad. Sci., Sez. Soc. Reale Borbon 3(2): 35 (1832)
= Thuja chengii Bordères & Gaussen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 83: 284 (1939)
= Thuja decora Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796)
= Thuja defresneana C.Van Geert ex K.Koch; Wochenschr. Vereines Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 6: 119 (1863)
= Thuja dumosa Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 102 (1862)
= Thuja elegantissima Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 17 (1862)
= Thuja ericoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Thuja expansa Laws. ex K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 182 (1873)
= Thuja falcata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 96 (1867)
= Thuja falcata Veitch; Gard. Chron. 1862: 398 (1862)
= Thuja filiformis Lodd. ex Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 28: t. 20 (1842)
= Thuja flagelliformis (Jacques) C.Lawson; Nursery Cat. (P.Lawson & Son) 1851: 261 (1851)
= Thuja fortunei Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 94 (1867), pro syn.
= Thuja funiculata Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 52 (1862)
= Thuja glauca (Carrière) K.Koch; Berliner Allg. Gartenzeitung 25: 307 (1857)
= Thuja gracilifolia Knight ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 459 (1868), pro syn.
= Thuja hybrida Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 102 (1867), pro syn.
= Thuja intermedia Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 18 (1862)
= Thuja meldensis Quetier; Hort. Franç. 5: 231 (1855)
= Thuja minor Paul ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 102 (1862)
= Thuja monstrosa Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 18 (1862)
= Thuja nepalensis Lodd. ex G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 388 (1830) ex Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 92 (1855)
= Thuja orientalis f. aurea (Carrière) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis f. beverleyensis (Rehder) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis f. conspicua (Berckm. ex Rehder) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis f. elegantissima (Rollison ex Gordon) C.K.Schneid.; Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer [Silva-Tarouca] 286 (1913)
= Thuja orientalis f. flagelliformis (Jacques) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis f. juniperoides (Carrière) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 1: 241 (1897)
= Thuja orientalis f. meldensis (P.Lawson ex Gordon & Glend.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 49 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis f. semperaurescens (Lemoine ex Gordon) C.K.Schneid.Uns.Freil.-Nadelhölzer; Silva-Tarouca ]286 (1913
= Thuja orientalis f. sieboldii (C.Lawson) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja orientalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
= Thuja orientalis var. argyi Lemée & H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 17: 15 (1915)
= Thuja orientalis var. aurea-conspicua Rehder; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 4: 1804 (1902)
= Thuja orientalis var. beverleyensis Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees, ed. 2: 54 (1940)
= Thuja orientalis var. conspicua Berckm. ex Rehder; Man. Cult. Trees 23 (1927)
= Thuja orientalis var. flagelliformis Jacques; Conifer. Monogr. 25 (1867)
= Thuja orientalis var. mexicana Dummer; J. Bot. 52: 236 (1914)
= Thuja orientalis var. pendula (Thunb.) Mast.; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 14: 253 (1892)
= Thuja orientalis var. semperaurescens (Lemoine ex Gordon) G.Nicholson; Ill. Dict. Gard. 4: 34 (1888)
= Thuja orientalis var. sieboldii C.Lawson; List Pl. Fir Tribe [Lawson et al.] 55 (1851)
= Thuja papuana (F.Muell.) Voss; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 88 (1907)
= Thuja pendula (Thunb.) D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert], ed. 2, 2: 115 (1828)
= Thuja pygmaea Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 96 (1867), nom. illeg.
= Thuja pygmaea Hovey; Mag. Hort. Bot. 27: 354 (1861)
= Thuja pyramidalis f. stricta (John M.Mill.) Rehder; Bibliogr. Cult. Trees [Rehder] 48 (1949)
= Thuja pyramidalis Ten.; Atti Reale Accad. Sci., Sez. Soc. Reale Borbon 3(2): 35, t. 2 (1832)
= Thuja pyramidalis var. stricta John M.Mill.; Bristol Nurs. 14 (1826)
= Thuja semperaurea Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. [Beissner] 60 (1891)
= Thuja semperaurea T.Moore & Mast.; Gard. Chron., n.s., 2: 303 (1874)
= Thuja semperaurescens K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 183 (1873)
= Thuja stricta Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 17 (1862)
= Thuja taillandieri Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 83: 24 (1882)
= Thuja tartarica Jacques; Ann. Fl. Pomone 5: 262 (1837)
= Thuja tatarica Lodd. ex G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 388 (1830), nomen
= Thuja verschaffeltii Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 462 (1868), nom. illeg.
= Thuja verschaffeltii Verschaff.; Nursery Cat. (Ambroise Verschaffelt) 70: 5 (1861)
= Thuja zuccariniana Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 1226 (1895), pro syn.
= Xanthocyparis pendula (Thunb.) de Laub. & Husby; Novon 24(3): 234 (2015)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life