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386.0000 Family Amaranthaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 87 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 185 genera, ca. 2300 spp.
Species listed in database: 2321; hybrids: 74
= Achyranthaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 35 (1837)
= Atriplicaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 83 (1789)
= Betaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 591, 1091, 1142 (1835)
= Blitaceae Kuntze; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 637, 710 (1903)
= Celosiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 117 (1820)
= Chenopodiaceae Vent.; Tabl. Règn. Vég. 2: 253 (1799), nom. cons., Family
= Deeringiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 369 (1858)
= Dysphaniaceae Pax; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 61: 230 (1927), nom. cons.
= Gomphrenaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 38 (1837)
= Polycnemaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan. 161 (1839)
= Salicorniaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 558 (1820)
= Salsolaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan. 165 (1839)
= Spinaciaceae Menge; Cat. Pl. Grudent. Gedan. 166 (1839)
386.7001 Genus Polycnemum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 35 (1753)
Distribution: C- and S-Europe, N-Africa, Caucasus, Middle Asia, W-Siberia
Species listed in database: 6
= Rovillia Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 1: 182 (1897)
= Selago Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 268 (1763), nom. illeg.
species :
Polycnemum arvense L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 35 (1753)
Name: Acker-Knorpelkraut (DE), Field needleleaf (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Hessen [I], +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, +Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, +Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, +Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (rare N- & C-Greece, Thasos, Samothraki, Evvoia); Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altay); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); China (W-Xinjiang); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I])
11 AUT GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV TUE 14 BLR KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 CYP TUR 36 CHI 71 cdn
Remarks: arvense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycnemum arvense f. pumilum (Hoppe) Zapał.; Rozpr. Wydz. Mat.-Przyr. Akad. Umiejetn., Dzial B, Nauki Biol., Ser. 3, 7B(47B): 703 (1907 publ. 1908)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. minus (Döll) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 452 (1910) (comb. inval.)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. minus (Kitt.) Čelak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2(2) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2): 156 (1871)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. pumilum (Hoppe) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 88 (1834)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. viaticum (Pall.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 88 (1834)
= Polycnemum arvense var. erectum Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 26 (1823)
= Polycnemum arvense var. inundatum (Schrank) Wirtg.; Fl. Coblenz 158 (1841)
= Polycnemum arvense var. longifolium Neilr.; Aufz. Ungarn Slavon. Gefässpfl. 109 (1867)
= Polycnemum arvense var. macrophyllum Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 286 (1859)
= Polycnemum arvense var. minus Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 287 (1843)
= Polycnemum arvense var. multicaule Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 24 (1822), nom. inval.
= Polycnemum arvense var. procumbens Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 99 (1828)
= Polycnemum arvense var. procumbens Schltdl.; Fl. Berol. [Schlechtendal] 1: 26 (1823)
= Polycnemum arvense var. pumilum (Hoppe) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 2(2): 562 (1793)
= Polycnemum arvense var. recurvifolium Moq.
= Polycnemum arvense var. recurvum (Loisel.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 99 (1828)
= Polycnemum arvense var. setaceum Čelak.; Žíva (Sborn. Ved. Král. Cesk., Odb. Prír. Math.) 4: 65 (1870)
= Polycnemum inundatum Schrank; Bot. Taschenb. Anfänger Wiss. Apothekerkunst 9: 201 (1798)
= Polycnemum minus Kitt.; Taschenb. Fl. Deutschl., ed. 3, 1: 327 (1853)
= Polycnemum pumilum Hoppe ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 1: 404 (1823)
= Polycnemum recurvum Loisel.; Not. Fl. France 151 (1810)
= Polycnemum viaticum Pall.; Ill. Pl. 57 (1806)
= Polycnemum vulgare Pall.; Reise Südl. Statthaltersch. Russ. Reich. 1: 142 (1799)
= Rovillia glabra Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 1: 183 (1897)
species :
Polycnemum fontanesii Durieu & Moq.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(2): 335 (1849)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycnemum echinus Moq.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 13(2): 335 (1849)
= Polycnemum fontanesii f. maroccanum (Murb.) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 8: 11 (1962)
= Polycnemum fontanesii f. oxysepalum (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 8: 11 (1962)
= Polycnemum fontanesii subsp. maroccanum Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund., Ser. 2, 18(3): 27 (1922)
= Polycnemum fontanesii var. oxysepalum Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 21: 14 (1931)
= Polycnemum maroccanum (Murb.) Murb.; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1930: no. 167 (1932)
species :
Polycnemum heuffelii Láng; Syll. Pl. Nov. 2: 219 (1828)
Name: Heuffel-Knorpelkraut (DE)
Distribution: Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; C-European Russia; Ukraine
11 HUN POL SLO 13 BUL KOS ROM SRB 14 RUS UKR
Remarks: arvense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycnemum arvense var. filifolium Neilr.; Aufz. Ungarn Slavon. Gefässpfl. 109 (1867)
= Polycnemum arvense var. heuffelii (Láng) Fiek; Fl. Schlesien [Fiek] 372 (1881)
= Polycnemum arvense var. paradoxum (Schur) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 5(1): 7 (1919)
= Polycnemum heuffelii var. paradoxum Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 19: 148 (1869)
species :
Polycnemum majus A.Braun; Flora 24: 151 (1841)
Name: Großes Knorpelkraut (DE), Giant needleleaf (EN)
Distribution: Belgium; Germany (Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland [I], Sachsen [I], +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; ?Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (NW- & NC-Greece); Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Illinois [I], New York [I])
11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY MLD RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycnemum arvense proles majus (A.Braun) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 12: 19 (1910)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. majus (A.Braun) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 453 (1910)
= Polycnemum arvense subsp. majus (A.Braun) Čelak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2(2) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2): 156 (1871)
= Polycnemum arvense var. majus (A.Braun) K.F.Schimp. ex Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 287 (1843)
= Polycnemum arvense var. majus K.F.Schimp. ex Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 287 (1843)
= Polycnemum arvense var. maximum Bogenh.; Flora 23: 164 (1840)
= Polycnemum arvense var. pinifolium Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 583 (1832)
= Polycnemum arvense var. simplex Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 25 (1822)
= Polycnemum majus subsp. mediterraneum (Beck) E.V.Vulf; Fl. Kryma [Wulff] 2(1): 87 (1947)
= Polycnemum majus var. humilius Bogenh.; Flora 24: 152 (1841)
species :
Polycnemum perenne Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 7: 81 (1910)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB
species :
Polycnemum verrucosum Láng; Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 179 (1824)
Name: Warziges Knorpelkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (+Bayern, +Rheinland-Pfalz, Thüringen [I]); Austria; Slovakia; Hungary; France [I]; Croatia; Romania; European Turkey; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
11 AUT GER HUN SLO 12 fra 13 CRO ROM TUE 14 RUS UKR 34 TUR
Remarks: arvense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Polycnemum arvense var. brachyphyllum Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 286 (1859)
= Polycnemum arvense var. brevifolium Neilr.; Aufz. Ungarn Slavon. Gefässpfl. 109 (1867)
= Polycnemum arvense var. verrucosum (Láng) Oborný; Fl. Mähren 334 (1884)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life