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009.0000 Family Hymenophyllaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 3 (1835)
9 genera, ca. 620 spp. Circumscription of genera see Ebihara et al. (2006)
Species listed in database: 555; hybrids: 4
= Cardiomanioideae K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 35(4-6): 177 (1984)
= Trichomanaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 1, 196: 12-17 (1836)
009.1005 Genus Polyphlebium Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 55 (1938)
Distribution: Southern temperate and mountain forests of low altitudes
Species listed in database: 15
= Phlebiophyllum Bosch; Verslagen Meded. Afd. Natuurk. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. 11: 321 (1861) (non Phlebophyllum Nees in Wal. 1832)
species :
Polyphlebium angustatum (Carmich.) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Guatemala; Honduras; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Colombia (Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Norte de Santander); Venezuela (Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Amambay, Cordillera, Paraguari); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Jujuy, Misiones, Salta); Tristan da Cunha (incl. Nightingale Isl., Inaccessible Isl.)
80 GUA HON 81 CUB HIS JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU 91 TDC
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes angustatum Carmich.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 12: 513 (1818)
= Trichomanes angustatum var. subexsertum (Bosch) C.Chr.; Ark. Bot. 20A(7): 9 (1926)
= Trichomanes fulvum Klotzsch; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 1(2): 272, t. 18, f. 6 (1859)
= Trichomanes intermedium Kaulf. ex C.Presl; Hymenophyllaceae [Presl] 16 (1843), nom. nud.
= Trichomanes schiedeanum Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 188 (1869), nom. illeg.
= Trichomanes schiedeanum var. brazilianum Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 188 (1869)
= Trichomanes subexsertum Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(2): 155 (1861)
= Trichomanes tenerum Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(1): 129 (1827)
= Vandenboschia angustata (Carmich.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 73: 466 (1941)
= Vandenboschia tenera (Spreng.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
species :
Polyphlebium capillaceum (L.) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Yaracuy); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Davallia capillacea (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 479 (1810)
= Stenoloma capillaceum (L.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 11 (Hist. Foug. Antil.): 93 (1866)
= Trichomanes angustissimum C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 333 (1848)
= Trichomanes capillaceum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1099 (1753)
= Trichomanes capillaceum var. subclavatum Christ in Pittier; Prim. Fl. Costaric. 3: 4 (1901)
= Trichomanes cuneiforme Schkuhr; Deutschl. Krypt. Gew. 1: 131 (1809)
= Trichomanes hypnoides Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 725 (1905)
= Trichomanes pyxidiferum Schkuhr; Deutschl. Krypt. Gew. 1: t. 134 (1809) non L.
= Trichomanes schiedeanum Müll.Hal.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 716 (1844)
= Trichomanes tenellum Hedw.; Fil. Gen. Sp. t. 3, f. 1 (1799)
= Trichomanes trichodes Sw.; Fl. Ind. Occid. 3: 1741 (1806)
= Trichomanes trichoideum Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 98 (1801) (nom. illeg.)
= Vandenboschia capillacea (L.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
variant :
var. cocos (Christ) comb.ined.
Distribution: Isla del Coco
80 COC
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes capillaceum var. cocos (Christ) L.D.Gómez; Brenesia 6: 37 (1975)
= Trichomanes cocos Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 943 (1904)
species :
Polyphlebium colensoi (Hook.f.) Ebihara & K.Iwats.; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.); Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes colensoi Hook.f.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 979 (1854)
= Vandenboschia colensoi (Hook.f. ex Hook.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 52 (1938)
species :
Polyphlebium diaphanum (Kunth) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Guinea; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; São Tomé; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Gabon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; La Réunion; Marquesas Isl. (Ua Huka, Ua Pou); Society Isl. (Moorea); Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Trinidad; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Nevis; St. Kitts; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Nariño, Santander, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Portuguesa, Sucre, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); Brazil (Amazonas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Canindeyu)
22 GHA GUI IVO LBR 23 BIO CMN EQG GAB RWA SAO ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 SAF SWZ 29 MDG REU 61 MRQ SCI 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE STK STL STV TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 PAR
Remarks: inclusion of P. borbonicum and P. hymenophylloides fide Ponce et al. 2017
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidomanes borbonicum (Bosch) J.P.Roux; Conspect. South. Afr. Pteridophyta 45 (2001)
= Polyphlebium borbonicum (Bosch) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
= Polyphlebium hymenophylloides (Bosch) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
= Trichomanes borbonicum Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(2): 158 (1861)
= Trichomanes bradei Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 1: 217 (1909)
= Trichomanes brasiliense Desv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6(2): 328, t. 7, f. 4 (1827)
= Trichomanes bryoides Goldm.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 467 (1843)
= Trichomanes debile Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(2): 154 (1861)
= Trichomanes diaphanum f. furcatum Hahne; Fern Bull. 12: 115 (1904)
= Trichomanes diaphanum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: 25 (1816)
= Trichomanes diaphanum var. lechleri Hieron.; Hedwigia 45: 220 (1906)
= Trichomanes diaphanum var. subalatum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 291 (1909)
= Trichomanes eximium Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 350 (1847)
= Trichomanes eximium Kunze ex Sturm; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 1(2): 271 (1859)
= Trichomanes eximium var. crispulum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 89 (1924)
= Trichomanes goetzei Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 339 (1900)
= Trichomanes hymenophylloides Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(3): 209 (1863)
= Trichomanes leptophyllum Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 363 (1859) (non A. Cunn. (1836))
= Trichomanes pyxidiferum f. gracile Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: ? (1924)
= Trichomanes pyxidiferum var. debile Sodiro; Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 4: 290 (1890) & 6: 67 (1892)
= Trichomanes pyxidiferum var. organense Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 89 (1924)
= Trichomanes tranninense Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 187, t. 69, f. 1 (1869)
= Vandenboschia borbonica (Bosch) G.Kunkel; Nova Hedwigia 6: 213 (1963)
= Vandenboschia diaphana (Kunth) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
= Vandenboschia hymenophylloides (Bosch) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
species :
Polyphlebium endlicherianum (C.Presl) Ebihara & K.Iwats.; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Australia (NE-Queensland); Norfolk Isl.; New Zealand (Three Kings Isl., North Isl., South Isl.); Kermadec Isl.; Chatham Isl.; Vanuatu; Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Ovalau); American Samoa (Tutuila, Ofu, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i, ´Upolu); Marquesas Isl. (Nuku Hiva, Ua Pou, Hiva Oa, Tahuata, Fatu Hiva, Ua Huka); Society Isl. (Tahiti, Moorea); Austral Isl. (Raivavae, Rurutu, Rapa Iti); Pitcairn Isl.
50 AUS NFK 51 CTM KER NZL 60 ASA FIJ SAM VAN 61 AUI MRQ PIT SCI
Remarks: not in Malesia
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidomanes endlicherianum (C.Presl) P.S.Green; Kew Bull. 48(3): 618 (1993)
= Crepidophyllum endlicherianum (C.Presl) C.F.Reed; Amer. Fern J. 88: 89 (1948)
= Crepidopteris endlicheriana (C.Presl) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 58 (1938)
= Reediella endlicheriana (C.Presl) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 719 (1970)
= Trichomanes alternans Carruth.; Fl. Vit. [Seemann] 343 (1873)
= Trichomanes aureum Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(3): 208 (1863)
= Trichomanes endlicherianum C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 5: 333 (1848)
= Trichomanes erectum Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 250, t. 56 (1854)
= Trichomanes humile var. endlicherianum (C.Presl) Hook. & Baker; (1874)
= Trichomanes naumannii Kuhn & Luerss.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 23: 336 (1896)
= Trichomanes pyxidiferum var. marchionicum E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S.E. Polynesia II]: 9 (1931)
= Trichomanes tenue Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 251, t. 36 t 2 (1854)
species :
Polyphlebium exsectum (Kunze) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Chile (Maule, Los Rios, Los Lagos); Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 CLE JNF
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Vandenboschia exsecta (Kunze) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 54 (1938)
= Trichomanes exsectum Kunze; Analecta Pteridogr. 47, t. 29 (1837)
species :
Polyphlebium haughtii (C.V.Morton) comb.ined.
Distribution: Colombia (Caquetá, Putumayo)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes haughtii C.V.Morton; Amer. Fern J. 34: 19, f. 1 (1944)
species :
Polyphlebium herzogii (Rosenst.) A.R.Sm. & M.Kessler; Phytotaxa 328(3): 219 (2017)
Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Vandenboschia herzogii (Rosenst.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
= Trichomanes herzogii Rosenst.; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 19: 5 (1913)
species :
Polyphlebium ingae (C.Chr.) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl. (Masatierra)
85 JNF
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Vandenboschia ingae (C.Chr.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 52 (1938)
= Trichomanes ingae C.Chr.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez (Botany) 2: 3, t. 2 (1920)
species :
Polyphlebium philippianum (J.W.Sturm) Ebihara & Dubuisson; Blumea 51(2): 240 (2006)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Conservation Status: IUCN E
Synonyms: hidden
= Vandenboschia philippiana (J.W.Sturm) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 51 (1938)
= Trichomanes dichotomum Phil.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 650 (1856) (non Kunze (1848))
= Trichomanes philippianum J.W.Sturm; Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 2: 188 (1858)
species :
Polyphlebium serratifolium (Rosenst.) Gonzatti & P.G.Windisch; Rodriguésia 70(e00532018): 9 (2019)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes serratifolium Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 77 (1906)
= Vandenboschia serratifolia (Rosenst.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 53 (1938)
species :
Polyphlebium tenuissimum (Bosch) comb.ined.
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Trichomanes tenuissimum Bosch; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 5(2): 156 (1861)
species :
Polyphlebium venosum (R.Br.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 55, t. 7 (1938)
Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, E-New South Wales, S-Victoria, Tasmania); New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., incl. Stewart Isl.); Kermadec Isl.; Chatham Isl.
50 AUS 51 CTM KER NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidomanes venosum (R.Br.) Bostock; Fl. Australia 48: 706 (1998)
= Phlebiophyllum venustum Bosch; (1861)
= Trichomanes venosum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 159 (1810)
= Trichomanes venustulum Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 12: 366 (1880)
species :
Polyphlebium vieillardii (Bosch) Ebihara & K.Iwats.; Blumea 51(2): 241 (2006)
Distribution: New Caledonia
60 NWC
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidophyllum vieillardii (Bosch) C.F.Reed; Amer. Fern J. 38: 89 (1948)
= Crepidopteris vieillardii (Bosch) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 58 (1938)
= Reediella vieillardii (Bosch) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 719 (1970)
= Trichomanes jungermannioides E.Fourn.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 18: 258 (1873)
= Trichomanes vieillardii Bosch; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 15: 90 (1861)
species :
Polyphlebium werneri (Rosenst.) Ebihara & K.Iwats.; Blumea 51(2): 241 (2006)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepidophyllum werneri (Rosenst.) C.F.Reed; Amer. Fern J. 38: 89 (1948)
= Crepidopteris werneri (Rosenst.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 58 (1938)
= Reediella werneri (Rosenst.) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 24: 719 (1970)
= Trichomanes werneri Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 35 (1908)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life