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514.0000 Family Verbenaceae J.St.-Hil.; Expos. Fam. Nat. 1: 245 (1805), nom. cons.
35 genera, ca. 900 spp. The circumscription of the family has been greatly reduced, and much of it is now transferred into Lamiaceae.
Species listed in database: 896; hybrids: 36
= Durantaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 295 (1858)
= Lantanaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 357 (1820)
= Petreaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 364 (1858)
514.0501 Genus Priva Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 505 (1763)
Distribution: Tropical and subtropical America, Africa and Asia
Species listed in database: 23
= Blairia Houst. ex Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 198 (1763)
= Streptium Roxb.; Pl. Coromandel 2: 25, t. 146 (1798)
= Busseria Cramer; Disp. Syst. Pl. 144 (1803), nom. superfl.
= Phryma Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. cxv (1775), nom. illeg.
= Tortula Roxb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 359 (1800)
species :
Priva adhaerens (Forssk.) Chiov.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 115 (1923)
Distribution: Egypt; Sudan; ?South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Yemen (W-Yemen)
20 EGY 24 ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ 29 MDG 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Priva abyssinica Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 58 (1855)
= Priva cordifolia var. abyssinica (Jaub. & Spach) Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 45 (1936)
= Priva dentata Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 7: 70 (1806), Pers. Syn. 2: 139
= Priva forsskalii (Vahl) Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 59 (1855), nom. illeg.
= Priva tenax Verdc.; Kew Bull. 43(4): 672 (1988)
= Ruellia adhaerens Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 114 (1775)
= Tamonea arabica Mirb.; Hist. Nat. Pl., éd. 2, 15: 233 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Verbena forsskalii Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 6 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Zappania arabica Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 8: 844 (1808)
species :
Priva africana Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 36 (1936)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
species :
Priva armata S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 25: 160 (1890)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo León)
79 MEX
species :
Priva aspera Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 2: 278 (1818)
Distribution: Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Blairia drupacea Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 54 (1936)
= Priva crenata Schrad.; Index Sem. (Göttingen) (1831)
= Priva grandis Schrad. ex Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 54 (1936)
= Priva orizabae S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 282 (1888)
= Priva trachelioides M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 324 (1844)
species :
Priva auricoccea A.Meeuse; Bothalia 7: 424 (1960)
Distribution: Angola; Namibia
26 ANG 27 NAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Priva angolensis Moldenke; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 39: 131 (1965)
species :
Priva bahiensis Schauer; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 11: 533 (1847)
Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay); Argentina (Formosa, Salta)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
species :
Priva boliviana Moldenke; Phytologia 3: 172 (1949)
Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz)
83 BOL
species :
Priva cordifolia (L.f.) Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 641 (1917)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Djibouti; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Sind, Pakistani Punjab); India (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar
20 EGY 24 DJI 35 SAU YEM 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Buechnera cordifolia L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 287 (1782)
= Priva leptostachya Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 7: 70 (1806)
= Streptium asperum Roxb.; Pl. Coromandel 2: 25, t. 146 (1798)
= Tortula aspera (Roxb.) Roxb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 359 (1800)
= Tortula chisosa Magill, Delgad. & L.R.Stark; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 200 (1983)
species :
Priva curtisiae Kobuski; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 7 (1926)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Priva bellinii Chiov.; Racc. Bot. 98 (1935)
species :
Priva domingensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 354 (1912)
Name: Pega-pega, Vendome (Dominican Republic), Cousin vent (Haiti)
Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)
81 HIS
species :
Priva favargeri R.Fern.; Bot. Helv. 95(1): 40 (1985)
Distribution: Angola
26 ANG
species :
Priva flabelliformis (Moldenke) R.Fern.; Bot. Helv. 95(1): 37 (1985)
Distribution: D. R. Congo [Zaire]; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal)
23 ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Priva cordifolia var. australis Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 47 (1936)
= Priva cordifolia var. flabelliformis Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 47 (1936)
species :
Priva grandiflora (Ortega) Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 142 (1946)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Priva rhinanthifolia (M.Martens & Galeotti) B.L.Rob.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 17 (1926)
= Priva tuberosa S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 18: 135 (1883)
= Verbena grandiflora Ortega; Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec. 2 (1797)
= Verbena rhinanthifolia M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 323 (1844)
species :
Priva humbertii Moldenke; Phytologia 3: 423 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Priva ibugana Rzed. & Calderón; Bol. Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara 5(1-3): 65 (1998)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
species :
Priva laciniata Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 35 (1936)
Distribution: Caribbean
Error
species :
Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 139 (1807)
Name: Abrojo, Pegapega; Bur-vervain, Catstongue
Distribution: Ghana [I]; São Tomé [I]; Jawa [I]; USA (Florida, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatán, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas (Abaco, Andros, Cat, Eleuthera, Long, New Providence, Parrot, Watling); Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba (incl. Isla de la Juventud); Cayman Isl. (Grand Cayman); Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico (incl. Vieques Isl.); Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola); Anguilla; St. Barthélémy; Saba; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe (incl. La Désirade); Dominica; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Curacao; San Andrés y Providencia (San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoátegui, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcón, Lara, Mérida, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador (Chimborazo, Esmeraldas, Guayas, Los Rios, Manabí); Galápagos (San Cristobal, Santa Cruz, Santa Maria); Peru (Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Loreto, San Martín, Tumbes); Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Bahia)
22 gha 23 sao 42 jaw 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA AGU BAH BBD CAY CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MTS PUE SAB SBA STL STV TCI TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Blairia lappulacea Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 208 (1841), nom. inval.
= Bouchea dichotoma Mohr ex Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 25 (1936)
= Busseria lappulacea (L.) Cramer; Disp. Syst. Pl. 144 (1803)
= Duranta parviflora Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(2): 210 (1863)
= Priva echinata Juss.; Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 7: 69 (1806)
= Priva lamiifolia M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(2): 325 (1844)
= Priva lappulacea f. albiflora Moldenke; Phytologia 17: 114 (1968)
= Priva mexicana Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 397 (1841) non (L.) Pers.
= Tamonea lappulacea (L.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 7: 568 (1806)
= Verbena lappulacea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 19 (1753)
= Zappania lappulacea (L.) Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 59 (1792)
species :
Priva mexicana (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 139 (1806)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras
79 MEX 80 GUA HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Blairia cordifolia Moench; Methodus [Moench] 423 (1794)
= Blairia mexicana (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 265 (1788)
= Lippia cordifolia (Moench) Cramer; Disp. Syst. Pl. 143 (1803)
= Priva hispida Juss.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 7: 69 (1806)
= Verbena mexicana L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 19 (1753)
= Zappania hispida Zuccagni; Cent. Observ. Bot. 1: 6 (1806)
= Zappania mexicana (L.) Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 59 (1791)
species :
Priva meyeri Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 57 (1855)
Distribution: Sudan; Uganda; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
24 SUD 25 TAN UGA 26 MOZ ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ
variant :
var. madagascariensis Moldenke; Phytologia 3: 276 (1950)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Priva pedicellata Moldenke; Phytologia 1: 429 (1940)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Priva peruviana Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 23 (1936)
Distribution: Peru (Amazonas, Madre de Dios)
83 PER
species :
Priva portoricensis Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 4: 534 (1911)
Distribution: Puerto Rico
81 PUE
species :
Priva socotrana Moldenke; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 41: 38 (1936)
Distribution: Samha Isl.; Soqotra
24 SOC
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life