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271.0000 Family Simaroubaceae DC.; Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 209 (1811), nom. cons.
24 genera, ca. 120 spp. Systematics mostly following Cole (Phylogeny Poster, 2023)
Species listed in database: 128
= Ailanthaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 223 (1858)
= Castelaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 181 (1858)
= Leitneriaceae Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 3: vi, 396 (1880), nom. cons.
= Quassiaceae Bertol.; Prael. Rei Herb. 262 (1827)
= Simabaceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 179 (1847)
= Soulameaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 2: 1202 (1874)
271.0404 Genus Samadera Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 352, t. 159 (1791)
Distribution: Tropical Asia, Australia, Indian Ocean
Species listed in database: 4
= Hyptiandra Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 1: 293 (1862)
= Locandia Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 449 (1763)
= Manungala Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 306 (1837)
= Mauduita Comm. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 592 (1824), nom. inval.
= Niota Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: t. 299 (1792), nom. illeg.
species :
Samadera baileyana Oliv.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 25: t. 2450 (1896)
Distribution: Australia (N-Queensland)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hyptiandra bidwillii var. grandiuscula F.M.Bailey & F.Muell. ex F.M.Bailey; Syn. Queensl. Fl., Suppl. 3: 12 (1890)
= Quassia baileyana (Oliv.) Noot.; Blumea 11: 519 (1963)
= Simaba baileyana (Oliv.) Feuillet; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 53(3-4): 510 (1983)
species :
Samadera bidwillii (Hook.f.) Oliv.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 25: t. 2449 (1896)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland: Cape York peninsula, S to NE-New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Hyptiandra bidwillii Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 1(1): 294 (1862)
= Quassia bidwillii (Hook.f.) Noot.; Blumea 11: 519 (1963)
= Simaba bidwillii (Hook.f.) Feuillet; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 53(3-4): 510 (1983)
species :
Samadera harmandiana Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. Util. Col. Franç. 305 (1886) (Samandura)
Distribution: Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia
41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Locandia harmandii Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 17 (1892) t. 261
= Quassia harmandiana (Pierre ex Laness.) Noot.; Blumea 11: 518 (1963)
= Samadera harmandii (Pierre) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 4: 210 (1896)
= Samadera harmandii (Pierre) F.N.Williams; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 218 (1905)
species :
Samadera indica Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 2: 352, t. 156 (1791)
Distribution: Pemba Isl.; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); India (Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra); Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Taninthayi); Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Johor); +Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo; NE-Sulawesi; Philippines; Jawa; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Vanuatu; Palau (Babeldaob)
25 TAN 29 COM MDG 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND MYA VIE 42 BOR JAW MLY MOL NWG PHI SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 60 VAN 62 PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Locandia glandulifera (C.Presl) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch., t. 262 (1892)
= Locandia indica (Gaertn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 104 (1891)
= Locandia lucida (Steud.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 104 (1891)
= Locandia madagascariensis (A.Juss.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 104 (1891)
= Locandia mekongensis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 17 (1892) t. 263
= Locandia merguensis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch., t. 262 (1892)
= Locandia pendula (Blanco) Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch., t. 262 (1892)
= Manungala pendula Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 306 (1837)
= Mauduita penduliflora Comm. ex DC.; (1824) (nom. inval.)
= Niota commersonii Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 416 (1805)
= Niota lamarckiana Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 251, 260 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Niota lucida Wall.; Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 2: t. 168 (1831)
= Niota pendula Sm.; Cycl. [A.Rees] 25: s. p. (1819), nom. superfl.
= Niota pentapetala Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4(2): 490 (1798)
= Niota tetrapetala Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4(2): 490 (1798)
= Quassia indica (Gaertn.) Noot.; Blumea 11: 517 (1963)
= Quassia indica var. lucida (Wall.) Blatt.; Indian Med. Pl. 1: 509 (1935)
= Quassia indica var. papuava Lauterb.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 342 (1920)
= Samadera brevipetala Scheff.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 32: 410 (1871)
= Samadera glandulifera C.Presl; Symb. Bot. [Presl] 2: 1 (1834)
= Samadera indica var. brevipetala (Scheff.) Backer; Fl. Batavia 258 (1907)
= Samadera indica var. lucida (Wall.) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 44: 136 (1876)
= Samadera lucida (Wall.) Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 182 (1845)
= Samadera madagascariensis A.Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 12: 516 (1825), t. 27
= Samadera mekongensis (Pierre) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] III, 4: 210 (1896)
= Samadera nanopetala Scheff. ex Backer; Meded. Dept. Landb. Ned.-Indië 4: (Fl. Batav.) 259 (1907), in syn.
= Samadera pentapetala (Poir.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 811 (1831)
= Samadera tetrapetala (Poir.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 811 (1831)
= Samandura indica (Gaertn.) Baill.; Traite Bot. Méd. Phan. 2: 874 (1884)
= Samandura indica (Gaertn.) Pierre ex Laness.; Pl. Util. Col. Franç. 305 (1886)
= Simaba indica (Gaertn.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 4: 440 (1873)
= Vitmannia elliptica Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 51, t. 60 (1794)
= Vitmannia lucida (Wall.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 779 (1841)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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