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504.0000 Family Plantaginaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 89 (1789), nom. cons.
93 genera, ca. 2050 spp.
Species listed in database: 2097; hybrids: 91
= Antirrhinaceae Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 154, 640 (1807)
= Aragoaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 109, 113 (1835)
= Callitrichaceae Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 7 (1821), nom. cons.
= Chelonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 124 (1820)
= Digitalidaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 202 (1820)
= Ellisiophyllaceae Honda; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku [Syst. Pl. Japon.]: 372 (1930)
= Erinaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1: 1236 (1874)
= Globulariaceae DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 427 (1805), nom. cons.
= Gratiolaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 294 (1820)
= Hippuridaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 265, 278 (1818), nom. cons.
= Linariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 243 (1820)
= Littorellaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 290, 294 (1822)
= Oxycladaceae Schnizl.; Iconogr. Fam. Regn. Veg. 2: ad t. 151xx (1857-1870)
= Psylliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 69 (1834)
= Sibthorpiaceae D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 19: 114 (1835)
= Trapellaceae Honda & Sakis.; Daikou Nippon Shokubutsu Bunraigaku [Syst. Pl. Japon.]: 378 (1930)
= Veronicaceae Cassel; Lehrb. Nat. Pflanzenord. 366 (1817)
504.1209 Genus Scoparia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 116 (1753)
Distribution: Tropical America, W-lndies. Taxonomy following Souza (2009)
Species listed in database: 10
= Kreidek Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 225 (1763)
species :
Scoparia aemilii Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 5 (1907)
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Cordillera); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Argentina Distrito Federal, Santa Fe)
85 ARG PAR
species :
Scoparia dulcis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 116 (1753)
Name: Balie Doux, Escobilla, Sweet Broom (Trinidad & Tobago); Escoba amarga, Mastuerzo, Orozuz; Licorice weed
Distribution: Mauritania [I]; Senegal [I]; Gambia [I]; Guinea-Bissau [I]; Guinea [I]; Mali [I]; Burkina Faso [I]; Ivory Coast [I]; Togo [I]; Benin [I]; Cameroon [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Principe Isl. [I]; São Tomé [I]; Annobon Isl. [I]; Gabon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Central African Republic [I]; Chad [I] (incl. Ennedi [I]); Sudan [I]; South Sudan [I]; Ethiopia [I]; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Mozambique [I]; South Africa [I] (KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; Seychelles [I]; Saudi Arabia [I] (Asir [I]); Yemen [I] (W-Yemen: Tihama [I]); China [I] (Fujian [I], Guangdong [I], Guangxi [I], Yunnan [I]); Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; Bhutan [I]; India [I] (throughout); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives] [I]; Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I] (Middle Andaman Isl. [I]); Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; Cambodia [I]; Vietnam [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Singapore [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I], etc.); Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea (Irian Jaya [I], Papua New Guinea [I]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I]); Fiji [I]; Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I]); Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Peleliu [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I]); USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); St. Barthélémy; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Guainía, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Sucre, Tolima, Valle, Vichada); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Fernando Noronha Isl.; Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Canindeyu, Central, Cordillera, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Artigas, Salto); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)
22 ben bkn gam gnb gui ivo mli mtn sen tog 23 ann bio caf cmn con gab pri sao 24 cha eth ssu sud 26 ang moz zam 27 saf 29 mau mdg sey 35 sau yem 36 chi 38 nns tai 40 ban bhu ind ldv nep srl 41 and cbd lao mya ncb tha vie 42 cki lsi mly NWG phi sng sul xms 50 aus 60 fij 61 sci 62 gum mic mrs plu 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA ARU BAH BBD BON CAY CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB SBA STE STK STL STV TCI TRT VEN VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA FNI 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Ambulia micrantha Raf.; Autik. Bot. 44 (1840), Pennell in Torreya 22: 79 (1922)
= Capraria dulcis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
= Capraria dulcis var. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 230 (1898)
= Capraria dulcis var. coerulea Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 230 (1898)
= Gratiola micrantha Nutt.; Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5: 287 (1822)
= Scoparia dulcis var. abrahamii S.N.Pardeshi & Srinivasu; Nelumbo 51: 231 (2009)
= Scoparia dulcis var. australiensis Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 1152 (1929)
= Scoparia dulcis var. tenuifolia Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 427 (1862)
= Scoparia fruticosa Rottb.; Acta Lit. Univ. Hafn. 1: 286 (1778)
= Scoparia grandiflora Nash; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 105 (1896)
= Scoparia gypsophyloides Walp.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 394 (1843)
= Scoparia procumbens Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 12 (1760)
= Scoparia purpurea Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 27: 51 (1890)
= Scoparia ternata Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 31 (1775)
species :
Scoparia elliptica Cham.; Linnaea 8: 21 (1833)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria elliptica (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
species :
Scoparia ericacea Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 604 (1827)
Name: Pichana
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Cordillera, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Artigas, Rio Negro, Rivera, Soriano, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria ericacea (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
= Capraria ericacea f. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 230 (1898)
= Scoparia divaricata R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 15 (1907)
= Scoparia plebeja Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 605 (1827)
species :
Scoparia hassleriana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 291 (1901)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Central, Cordillera, Paraguari); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
species :
Scoparia mexicana R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 18 (1907)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Scoparia annua Pringle ex R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 18 (1907) non Schltdl. & Cham.
species :
Scoparia montevidensis (Spreng.) R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 22 (1907)
Name: Yellow licorice weed
Distribution: USA [I] (Florida [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I]); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Venezuela (Apure, Dependencias Federales, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Portuguesa); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Central, Concepcion, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)
75 usa 78 usa 80 ELS GUA HON NIC 81 ARU BON CUR 82 VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Remarks: Scoparia annua is sometimes treated as separate species (Mexico to Brazil)
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria annua (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
= Capraria montevidensis (Spreng.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
= Capraria montevidensis var. intermedia Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 230 (1898)
= Microcarpaea montevidensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 42 (1824)
= Scoparia annua Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 6: 375 (1831)
= Scoparia annua var. glandulifera R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 20 (1907)
= Scoparia brasiliensis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 85 (1908)
= Scoparia excelsa R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 21 (1907)
= Scoparia flava Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 2: 603 (1827)
= Scoparia flava var. glandulifera Fritsch; Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24, Afd. 3, no. 5: 14 (1898)
= Scoparia glandulifera (Fritsch) Descole & Borsini; Gen. Sp. Pl. Argent. [Descole, ed.] 5: 185 (1956)
= Scoparia grisebachii Fritsch; Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24(5): 15 (1898)
= Scoparia macrantha R.E.Fr.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 997 (1907)
= Scoparia millefoliata Fritsch; Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24(5): 14 (1898)
= Scoparia millefoliolata f. decumbens R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 26 (1907)
= Scoparia montevidensis f. integrifolia Arechav.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 13 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. decumbens Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 15 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. flava (Cham. & Schltdl.) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 12, fig. 15 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. glandulifera (Fritsch) R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 23, pl. 4 (1907)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. grisebachii (Fritsch) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 15, fig. 24-25 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. intermedia (Kuntze) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 14 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. macrantha Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 13 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. millefoliata (Fritsch) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 85 (1908)
= Scoparia montevidensis var. neglecta (R.E.Fr.) Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 8: 14 (1908)
= Scoparia neglecta R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 23 (1907)
= Scoparia neglecta var. intermedia (Kuntze) R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 25 (1907)
species :
Scoparia nudicaulis Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 291 (1904)
Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba); Argentina (Salta)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Scoparia nudicaulis subsp. praedensa R.E.Fr.; Ark. Bot. 6(9): 12 (1907)
= Scoparia praedensa (R.E.Fr.) Botta & Cabrera; Fl. Prov. Jujuy 9: 186 (1993)
species :
Scoparia pentapetala Deble & B.P.Moreira; Phytotaxa 416(4): 288 (2019)
Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay
84 BRA 85 URU
species :
Scoparia pinnatifida Cham.; Linnaea 8: 22 (1833)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Capraria montevidensis var. pinnatifida (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 230 (1898)
= Capraria pinnatifida (Cham.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 459 (1891)
= Scoparia flava var. pinnatifida (Cham.) J.A.Schmidt; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 8(1): 266 (1862)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.05 (May 20th, 2026)

Covering 359,646 accepted species,
8,890 hybrids, 47,679 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,012,517 synonyms,
in total 1,428,732* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life