232.0000 Family Polygalaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 1: 62 (1809), nom. cons.

27 genera, ca. 1300 spp.

Species listed in database: 1325; hybrids: 4

232.0416 Genus Senega Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 7: 128 (1839)

Distribution: tropical and subtropical America, few tropical Africa. This genus contains the New World clade of the former polyphyletic Polygala. Several more species of Polygala (s. l.) probably await recombination.

Species listed in database: 233

species :

Senega abietina (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bryoides var. abietina Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 249 (1893)

species :

Senega abreui (Marques & J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 194 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala abreui Marques & J.F.B.Pastore; Rodriguésia 57(1): 99 (2006)

species :

Senega adenophora (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Trinidad; Colombia (Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Guarico); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); NE-Brazil (Maranhao)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC 81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala adenophora DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 327 (1824)

= Polygala adenophora subvar. gracilis Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 179 (1893)

= Polygala adenophora subvar. robusta Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 179 (1893)

= Polygala brachyptera var. subecristata Chodat; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 331 (1916)

= Polygala ephemera Chodat ex Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 331 (1916)

= Polygala exserta S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 95 (1916)

= Polygala incarnata Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 739 (1775), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega adenophylla (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 231 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Cordillera, Guaira, San Pedro); Uruguay (Paysandu, Rivera); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala adenophylla A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 48 (1828)

= Polygala adenophylla var. obovata A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 30 (1874)

= Polygala leptolopha Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 147 (1893)

= Polygala leptolopha var. stricta Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 148 (1893)

= Polygala paraguayensis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 173 (1879)

species :

Senega afra (Paiva) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 194 (2023)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

Remarks: only known from type collected in 1964

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala afra Paiva; Fontqueria 50: 162 (1998)

species :

Senega africana (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 194 (2023)

Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]

23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala africana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 168 (1893)

species :

Senega alba (Nutt.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 231 (2023)

Name: White milkwort (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan); USA (Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Wyoming); Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA

Synonyms: hidden

= Asemeia alba (Nutt.) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 88 (1838)

= Asemeia leptopsis Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 88 (1838)

= Polygala alba Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 87 (1818)

= Polygala alba var. brachystachya Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 136 (1893)

= Polygala alba var. leptostachya Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 137 (1893)

= Polygala alba var. mexicana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 137 (1893)

= Polygala alba var. schaffneri Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 137 (1893)

= Polygala alba var. suspecta S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 416 (1886)

= Polygala alba var. tenuifolia (Pursh) S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 86 (1916)

= Polygala beyrichii Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 130 (1838)

= Polygala hemipterocarpa var. bracteata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 282 (1893)

= Polygala jamesii Raf.; Atlantic J. 1: 146 (1832), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Polygala scoparia Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 8 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Polygala senega var. tenuifolia Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 2: 750 (1813)

= Polygala torreyi G.Don; Gen. Hist. 1: 360 (1831)

species :

Senega altomontana (Lüdtke, Boldrini & Miotto) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala altomontana Lüdtke, Boldrini & Miotto; Kew Bull. 63(4): 665 (2009)

species :

Senega ambigua (Nutt.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 234 (2023)

Name: Whorled milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala alba var. bicolor (Kunth) Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 136 (1893)

= Polygala ambigua Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 89 (1818)

= Polygala bicolor Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 394 t. 507 (1824)

= Polygala verticillata var. ambigua (Nutt.) Britton; Trans. New York Acad. Sci. 9: 9 (1889)

= Polygala verticillata var. dolichoptera Fernald; Rhodora 40: 439, tab. 525, fig. 1, 2 (1938)

= Polygala missurica Raf.; New Fl. 4: 89 (1838)

= Sexilia missurica Raf.; New Fl. 4: 89 (1838)

species :

Senega anderssonii (B.L.Rob.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 194 (2023)

Distribution: Galapagos

83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala puberula Andersson; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853: 232 (1855)

= Polygala anderssonii B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 38: 160 (1902)

species :

Senega aparinoides (Hook. & Arn.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 234 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Panama; Colombia (Cauca, Chocó)

79 MEX 80 BLZ GUA HON PAN 82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala alba var. alcalina Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 122 (1895)

= Polygala aparinoides Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy. 277 (1838)

= Polygala leptandroides Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 349 (1854 publ. 1855)

= Polygala turgida Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 123 (1906)

= Polygala verticillata var. aparinoides (Hook. & Arn.) Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 140 (1893)

= Polygala vogtii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 144 (1893)

species :

Senega aphylla (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 185 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Florida, Lavalleja, Rio Negro, Rivera, Tacuarembo)

84 BRA 85 URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala aphylla A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 21 (1874)

= Polygala glaziowii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 276 (1890)

species :

Senega apparicioi (Brade) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala apparicioi Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 20 (1954)

species :

Senega appendiculata (Vell.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 194 (2023)

Name: Swamp milkwort, Plumerito (Cuba)

Distribution: USA (Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas); Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Colombia (Magdalena, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Merida, Portuguesa, Trujillo); Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Canelones, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, San Jose, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones)

77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 CUB JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala alopecurus Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31: n. 2. 227 (1893)

= Polygala appendiculata Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 292 7: t. 66 (1825 publ. 1829)

= Polygala decidua S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 97 (1916)

= Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 130, preocc. (1838)

= Polygala leptocaulis var. glochidiata (Chodat) Marques; Rodriguésia 31(48): 233 (1979)

= Polygala modesta Miq.; Linnaea 18: 747 (1844)

= Polygala paludosa f. albiflora Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 60 (1902)

= Polygala paludosa var. angustocarpa Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30, pt. 2, no. 8: 106 (1889)

= Polygala paludosa var. exappendiculata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 226 (1893)

= Polygala paludosa var. glochidiata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 226 (1893)

= Polygala paludosa var. longispicata A.St.-Hil.in A.St.-Hil., Juss. & Cambess.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 9 (1829)

= Polygala paludosa var. subsessiliflora Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 227 (1893)

= Polygala pringlei S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 25: 142 (1890)

species :

Senega appressa (Benth.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 198 (2023)

Distribution: Trinidad; Colombia; Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Bolívar); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará)

81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala appressa Benth.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 4: 100 (1841)

= Polygala appressa var. gracillima A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 39 (1874)

= Polygala appressa var. insularis Chodat; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 331 (1916)

= Polygala appressa var. kavanayena Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28: 298 (1952)

= Polygala brachiata Rchb. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 39 (1874), nomen

= Polygala gracillima Spruce ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 39 (1874), nomen

= Polygala hostmannii Miq.; Stirp. Surinam. Select. 33 (1851)

= Polygala subspicata Huber; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 6: 180 (1914 publ. 1915)

species :

Senega aquilonia (Fernald & B.G.Schub.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 154 (2023)

Distribution: +Canada (+Ontario); USA (Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala cruciata subsp. aquilonia (Fernald & B.G.Schub.) A.Haines; Stantec Bot. Notes 13(add.): 1 (2010)

= Polygala aquilonia (Fernald & B.G.Schub.) Sorrie & Weakley; Phytoneuron 2017-37: 6 (2017)

= Polygala cruciata var. aquilonia A.Haines; Stantec Bot. Notes 13: 5 (2010), nom. inval.

= Polygala cruciata var. aquilonia Fernald & B.G.Schub.; Rhodora 50: 163, tab. 1100 (1948)

species :

Senega argentinensis (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 146 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz); Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Tucuman)

83 BOL 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala argentinensis Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 271 (1893)

= Polygala cisandina Chodat; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 27: 28 (1915)

species :

Senega aspalatha (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 138 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Cordillera, San Pedro); Uruguay (Canelones, Montevideo, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, La Pampa, Misiones, Santa Fe, San Luis)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala aspalatha L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 99 (1767)

= Polygala aspalatha var. comosa Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 295 (1893)

= Polygala coridifolia C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 99 (1835)

= Polygala grondonae Zuloaga & Morrone; Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 74: 1246 (1999), nom. nov. for P. reflexa Grondona

= Polygala neaei DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 329 (1824)

= Polygala polycephala A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

= Polygala preslii D.Dietr.; Syn. Plant. 4: 904 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Polygala reflexa Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 356 (1948) (nom. illeg.)

species :

Senega asperuloides (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 234 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta, Nariño, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Apure, Bolívar, Falcon, Lara, Portuguesa); Ecuador; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala asperuloides Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 403 (1824)

= Polygala galioides var. asperuloides (Kunth) Britton; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 52 (1892)

= Polygala sherardioides Pohl ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 29 (1874)

= Polygala venulosa A.Dietr.; Allg. Gartenzeitung [Otto & Dietrich] 2: 116 (1834), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega atropurpurea (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 173 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala atropurpurea A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 10 (1829)

= Polygala atropurpurea var. exappendiculata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 206 (1893)

species :

Senega australis (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 185 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala australis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 203 (1879)

= Polygala pamparum Speg.; Bol. Of. Agric. Ganad. Prov. Buenos Aires 1: 240 (1901)

species :

Senega balduini (Nutt.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 162 (2023)

Name: Baldwin´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Texas); Bahamas; Cuba

77 USA 78 USA 81 BAH CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis balduini (Nutt.) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

= Polygala balduini Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 90 (1818)

variant :

var. carteri (Small) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 162 (2023)

Distribution: USA (Florida); Cuba

78 USA 81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis carteri (Small) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

= Polygala balduini var. carteri (Small) R.R.Sm. & D.B.Ward; Sida 6: 300 (1976)

= Polygala carteri Small; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 426 (1905)

species :

Senega berlandieri (S.Watson) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 198 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 GUA HON NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala berlandieri S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 416 (1886)

species :

Senega berteroana (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)

81 HIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala berteroana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 328 (1824)

species :

Senega bevilacquae (Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bevilacquae Marques; Hoehnea 30(3): 213 (2003)

species :

Senega blakeana (Steyerm.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 198 (2023)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Guarico, Monagas); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana

82 FRG GUY SUR VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala blakeana Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(2): 298 (1952)

species :

Senega bocainensis (Brade) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 168 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bocainensis Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 18 (1954)

= Polygala bocainensis var. limnophila Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 19 (1954)

species :

Senega boliviensis (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 198 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Carabobo); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)

82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala alfredi Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31: n. 2. 172 (1893)

= Polygala boliviensis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 171 (1879)

= Polygala boliviensis var. albiflora Chodat ex Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3(3): 6 (1893)

= Polygala mathusiana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 231 (1893)

= Polygala stenocarpa S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 528 (1924)

= Polygala subsecunda S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 87 (1924)

= Polygala weberbaueri Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 97 (1908)

= Polygala weberbaueri var. dolichocarpa Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42(1): 97 (1908)

species :

Senega bonariensis (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 185 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores Prov., Florida Prov., Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Salto, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bonariensis Grondona; Darwiniana 6: 104 (1942)

species :

Senega boykinii (Nutt.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 234 (2023)

Name: Boykin´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee); Bermuda

78 USA 81 BER

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bermudensis S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 43: 161 (1930)

= Polygala bicolor Hook.; London J. Bot. 1: 194 (1834), nom. illeg.

= Polygala boykinii Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 86 (1834)

= Polygala boykinii var. sparsifolia Wheelock; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 2: 121 (1891)

= Polygala boykinii var. suborbicularis R.W.Long; Rhodora 72: 19 (1970)

= Polygala flagellaris Small; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 427 (1905)

= Polygala praetervisa Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 140 (1893)

= Polygala sparsiflora Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1333 (1903), orth. var.

= Polygala sparsifolia (Wheelock) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 686 (1903)

species :

Senega brachyptera (Griseb.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala brachyptera Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 12 (1866)

species :

Senega bracteata (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); SE-Brazil (São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bracteata A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 32 (1874), nom. illeg., non Thunb. 1800

species :

Senega brasiliensis (L.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 185 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Misiones); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Montevideo, Rio Negro, Rivera, San Jose, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala brasiliensis L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 99 (1767)

= Polygala brasiliensis var. confertifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 274 (1893)

= Polygala brasiliensis var. cordata A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 40 (1874)

= Polygala dunaliana A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 51 (1828)

= Polygala dunaliana var. alba A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 51 (1828)

= Polygala guimaraensii Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 23 (1954)

species :

Senega brevifolia (Nutt.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 154 (2023)

Name: Littleleaf milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala brevifolia Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 89 (1818)

species :

Senega bringelii (J.F.B.Pastore & Antar) J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 79: 985 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Tocantins)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bringelii J.F.B.Pastore & Antar; Eur. J. Taxon. 762: 135 (2021)

species :

Senega bryoides (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 216 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bryoides A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 52 (1828)

species :

Senega campestris (Gardner) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 185 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Rivera, Tacuarembo)

84 BRA 85 URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala campestris Gardner; London J. Bot. 2: 332 (1843)

species :

Senega capillaris (E.Mey. ex Harv.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 199 (2023)

subspecies :

subsp. capillaris

Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Sierra Leone; Liberia; SW-Mali; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; ?Chad; Uganda; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar

22 BEN GHA GNB LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE 23 BUR CAF CON GAB RWA ZAI 25 UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT SAF SWZ 29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bukobensis Gürke; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 233 (1895)

= Polygala capillaris E.Mey.; Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. [Drège] 212 (1843)

= Polygala capillaris E.Mey. ex Harv.; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 1: 93 (1860)

= Polygala capillaris var. bosobolensis E.M.A.Petit; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 26: 261 (1956)

= Polygala capillaris var. tukpwoensis E.M.A.Petit; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 25: 333 (1955)

subspecies :

subsp. perrottetiana (Paiva) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 199 (2023)

Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Togo; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; etc.

22 GNB GUI SEN TOG 23 CAF CON

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala capillaris subsp. perrottetiana (Paiva) Paiva; Fontqueria 50: 161 (1998)

= Polygala micrantha Guill. & Perr.; Fl. Seneg. Tent. 37 (1831), nom. illeg.

= Polygala micrantha var. oubaguiensis Jacq.-Fél.

= Polygala perrottetiana Paiva; Willdenowia 12: 52 (1982) (nom. nov.)

species :

Senega capitolensis (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala capitolensis J.F.B.Pastore; Syst. Bot. 46(4): 989 (2021)

species :

Senega carphoides (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala carphoides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 158 (1893)

= Polygala carphoides var. sublatifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 159 (1893)

variant :

var. radlkoferi (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala carphoides var. radlkoferi (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 73(4)-51: 5 (2018)

= Polygala radlkoferi Chodat; Mem. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 160 (1893)

species :

Senega ceciliana (Marques & J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 173 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala ceciliana Marques & J.F.B.Pastore; Rodriguésia 57(1): 100 (2006)

species :

Senega celosioides (Mart. ex A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 199 (2023)

Distribution: Honduras; Nicaragua; Colombia (Guaviare); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Guarico); Guyana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Paraná)

80 HON NIC 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bracteoglandulosa Chodat ex Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 32 (1949)

= Polygala celosioides Mart. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 35 (1874)

= Polygala hoehneana Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 24 (1949)

= Polygala mosquitiensis Proctor; Moscosoa 2: 21 (1983)

= Polygala pseudocelosioides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 237 (1893)

= Polygala spruceana A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 203 (1879)

species :

Senega chamaecyparis (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 199 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala chamaecyparis Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 82 (1914)

species :

Senega chapadensis (Chodat ex Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala chapadensis Chodat ex Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 29 (1949)

= Polygala herbiola var. chapadensis (Chodat ex Grond.) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 24 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala herbiola var. vitellina (Wurdack) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 24 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala vitellina Wurdack; Phytologia 28: 13 (1974)

species :

Senega chapmanii (Torr. & A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Name: Chapman´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala chapmanii Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 131 (1838)

species :

Senega cneorum (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Canindeyu)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala cneorum A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 38 (1829)

= Polygala itatiaiae Wawra; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 32: 38 (1882)

= Polygala pseudostricta Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 500, t. 24 (1893)

species :

Senega conferta (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Jalisco, Michoacán, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Nicaragua

79 MEX 80 GUA NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala conferta A.W.Benn.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 2 (1878)

= Polygala sphaerocephala Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 80 (1914)

species :

Senega coriacea (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala coriacea A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 48 (1828)

species :

Senega corifolia (Triana & Planch.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 199 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala corifolia Triana & Planch.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 17: 129 (1862)

species :

Senega corralitae (Tombesi & R.Kiesling) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 138 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (San Juan)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala corralitae Tombesi & R.Kiesling; Fl. San Juan 2: 58 (2003)

species :

Senega crenata (C.W.James) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Name: Scalloped milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala crenata C.W.James; Rhodora 59: 53 (1957)

= Polygala polygama f. obovata S.F.Blake; Rhodora 17: 201 (1915)

species :

Senega crinita (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala crinita Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 156 (1893)

= Polygala setifera Brandegee; Zoë 5: 205 (1905)

species :

Senega crucianelloides (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico

81 HIS PUE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala crucianelloides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 329 (1824)

= Polygala asperuloides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 329 (1824), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega cruciata (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 154 (2023)

Name: Drumheads

Distribution: Germany [I]; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia)

11 ger 74 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala cruciata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 706 (1753)

= Polygala cruciata f. alba (Oakes) Fernald & B.G.Schub.; Rhodora 50: 167 (1948)

= Polygala cruciata f. parva Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 1: 59 (1879)

= Polygala cruciata var. alba Oakes; Mag. Hort. Bot. 7: 185 (1841)

= Polygala cruciata var. cuspidata (Hook.) Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot. (ed. 1861). 296 (1861)

= Polygala cruciata var. ramosior Nash ex B.L.Rob. & A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1, pt. 1: 458 (1897)

= Polygala cuspidata Hook. & Arn.; London J. Bot. 1: 194 (1834), nom. illeg.

= Polygala ramosior (Nash ex B.L.Rob. & A.Gray) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 771 (1933)

species :

Senega cumbrensis (Wurdack) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: Venezuela (Bolivar)

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala appressa subsp. cumbrensis Wurdack; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 120 (1972)

species :

Senega curtissii (A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Name: Curtiss´ milkwort (EN)

Distribution: France [I]; USA (Alabama, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

12 fra 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala curtissii A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray], ed. 5: 121 (1867)

= Polygala curtissii f. alba Moldenke; Phytologia 2: 368 (1947)

= Polygala curtissii var. pycnostachya A.Gray; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 3: 106 (1886)

= Polygala hugeri Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 686 (1903)

species :

Senega cuspidata (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 156 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia; WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bonavisio Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 292 (1825 publ. 1829)

= Polygala cuspidata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 328 (1824)

= Polygala cuspidata var. mucronata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 156 (1893)

= Polygala densiflora A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 49 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Polygala quinqueangularis Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 292 (1825 publ. 1829)

variant :

var. comata (Mart. ex A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala cuspidata var. comata (Benn.) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 35 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala comata Mart. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 42 (1874)

= Polygala timoutou var. comata (A.W.Benn.) Bernardi; Considerac. Taxon. Fitogeogr. Acerca 101 Polygalae Americ. 224 (2000)

species :

Senega cymosa (Walter) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 162 (2023)

Name: Tall pinebarren milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, +Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis cymosa (Walter) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

= Polygala acutifolia Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 128 (1838), nom. illeg.

= Polygala attenuata Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 90 (1818)

= Polygala corymbosa Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 54 (1803)

= Polygala cymosa var. graminifolia (Poir.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 670 (1840)

= Polygala cymosa Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 179 (1788)

= Polygala graminifolia Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 500 (1804)

species :

Senega cyparissias (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 138 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Canelones, Montevideo, Rocha); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala corisoides A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

= Polygala cyparissias A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 15 (1829)

= Polygala cyparissias var. corisoides (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 296 (1893)

= Polygala cyparissias var. laxifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 296 (1893)

species :

Senega darwiniana (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 146 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz); Chile (Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala darwiniana A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 203 (1879)

= Acanthocladus tehuelchum Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 496 (1897)

= Polygala tehuelchum Speg.; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 47: 174 (1899), et Nov. Add. Fl. Patag. 1: repr. 16, Macloskie in Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patag. 8: 550 (1901)

species :

Senega densifolia (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 168 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala cipoensis Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 21 (1954)

= Polygala densifolia A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 53 (1828)

= Polygala densifolia var. grandiflora A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 41 (1829)

= Polygala densifolia var. lutescens A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 53 (1828)

species :

Senega densiracemosa (Lüdtke & Miotto) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala densiracemosa Lüdtke & Miotto; Novon 9(2): 175 (2010)

species :

Senega desiderata (Speg.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 138 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Santa Cruz)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala desiderata Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 234 (1902)

= Polygala oedipus Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 232 (1902)

species :

Senega distans (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala distans A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 24, t. 84 (1829)

= Polygala leptolopha var. flexuosa Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 148 (1893)

species :

Senega dolichocarpa (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Coahuila, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala dolichocarpa S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 107 (1916)

species :

Senega duarteana (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Durazno, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rivera, Salto, San Jose, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

50 aus 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala chacoensis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 920 (1907)

= Polygala duarteana A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 51 (1828)

= Polygala linearis Hook.f. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 37 (1874)

= Polygala monodonta Chodat; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 27: 28 (1915)

= Polygala pseudolaurifolia Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 235 (1896)

= Polygala pseudolaurifolia var. pilcomayensis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 920 (1907)

= Polygala villa-rica Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30: n. 8 (1889) 106, t. 29, tig. 2, et 31: n. 2862 (1893)

species :

Senega equisetoides (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala equisetoides A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 7 (1829)

species :

Senega exasperata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 176 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala densifolia var. angustifolia A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 24 (1874)

= Polygala densifolia var. exasperata (Chodat) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 65 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala densifolia var. minor A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 53 (1828)

= Polygala exasperata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 2 (1893)

= Polygala exasperata var. angustifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 254 (1893)

species :

Senega fendleri (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 168 (2023)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Huila, Magdalena); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Portuguesa, Yaracuy); Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

80 COS PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala exigua A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 17 (1874) (non Hassk. 1863)

= Polygala exigua var. fendleri (Chodat) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 69 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala fendleri Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 167 (1893)

= Polygala fendleri var. heterothrix S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 85 (1924)

= Polygala misella Bernardi; Prodr. Fl. Matogross. 242 (1998)

= Polygala pennellii S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 86 (1924)

species :

Senega fernandesiana (Paiva) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: E-Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; S-Chad

22 NGA 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala fernandesiana Paiva; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53(2): 1460 (1981)

= Polygala micrantha var. ovalialata Chodat

species :

Senega filicaulis (Baill.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala filicaulis Baill.; Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 608 (1886)

species :

Senega filiformis J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 79: 976 (2024)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul)

84 BRA

species :

Senega fontellana (Marques & A.C.A.Aguiar) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala fontellana Marques & A.C.A.Aguiar; Rodriguésia 58(1): 13 (2007)

species :

Senega franchetii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala franchetii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 276 (1893)

species :

Senega galapageia (Hook.f.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: Galapagos

83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala galapageia Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 233 (1847)

variant :

var. insularis (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: Galapagos

83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala galapageia var. insularis (A.W.Benn.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 38: 161 (1902)

= Polygala chatamensis Andersson; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853: 232 (1855)

= Polygala insularis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 204 (1879)

= Polygala obovata f. angustifolia Andersson; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853: 232 (1855)

= Polygala obovata f. latifolia Andersson; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853: 231 (1855)

= Polygala obovata Hook.f.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 233 (1847), nom. illeg.

= Polygala obovata var. angustifolia (Andersson) L.Riley; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 219 (1925)

= Polygala obovata var. latifolia (Andersson) L.Riley; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 219 (1925)

species :

Senega galioides (Poir.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 173 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Meta, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Bolívar, Cojedes, Guarico, Portuguesa, Sucre); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala galioides Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 503 (1804)

= Polygala galioides var. major A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 29 (1874)

= Polygala pulchella Scheele; Linnaea 17: 335 (1844), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega glaziowii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil; S-Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala glaziowii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 276, t. 25 (1893)

species :

Senega glochidata (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Name: Tropical milkwort (EN), Plumerito (Cuba)

Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba; Colombia (Santander, Tolima, Vaupés); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa); Guyana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes, Formosa)

76 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC 81 CUB 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala glochidiata f. leucantha S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 91 (1916)

= Polygala glochidiata Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 400 (1824)

= Polygala glochidiata var. kunthiana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 165 (1893)

= Polygala glochidiata var. pallida Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 165 (1893)

= Polygala glochidiata var. raddiana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 166 (1893)

= Polygala glochidiata var. spergulifolia (A.St.-Hil.) Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 165 (1893)

= Polygala glochidiata var. subaphylla (A.St.-Hil.) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 71 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala raddiana var. subaphylla A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 26 (1829)

= Polygala spergulifolia A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 28 (1829)

species :

Senega gnidioides (Willd.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 140 (2023)

Name: Chin-chín, quelén-quelén, clinclín, quelulahuén [Chile]

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Acanthocladus moyanoi Speg.; Revista Fac. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 595 (1897)

= Polygala eutaxioides Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 348 (1854 publ. 1855)

= Polygala fragilis Kunze ex Walp.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19, Suppl. 1: 301 (1843), nomen

= Polygala gnidioides var. pratensis Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 918 (1895)

= Polygala gnidioides Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(2): 878 (1802)

= Polygala kurtzii A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 33: 110 (1895)

= Polygala moyanoi (Speg.) Speg.; Nova Add. Fl. Patag. 1: 16 (1899)

= Polygala pratensis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 169 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Polygala pratensis Phil.; Linnaea 33: 18 (1864)

= Polygala thesioides Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(2): 877 (1802)

species :

Senega gracilis (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 201 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Monagas); Ecuador; N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); Paraguay (Canindeyu)

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala amambayensis Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 78 (1914)

= Polygala apodanthera S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 88 (1924)

= Polygala ariadnae Bernardi; Prodr. Fl. Matogross. 241 (1998), nom. nov.

= Polygala aristeguietae Wurdack; Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 22: 3 (1961)

= Polygala brevialata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 234 (1893)

= Polygala chuiti Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30(2, 8): 105 (1889)

= Polygala filiformis A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 44 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Polygala funkii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 224 (1893)

= Polygala gracilis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 401 (1821 publ. 1824)

= Polygala lagoana A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 22 (1874)

= Polygala macerrima S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 43: 5 (1930)

= Polygala stenocaulon Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 26 (1949)

species :

Senega gracillima (S.Watson) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala gracillima S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 398 (1887)

species :

Senega graebiana (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil; Paraguay

84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala graebiana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30(2): 110, t. 30, fig. 2 (1889)

= Polygala rubioides Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 80 (1914)

species :

Senega grazielae (Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala grazielae Marques; Rodriguésia 36(58): 17 (1984)

species :

Senega guaranitica (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion); Argentina (Formosa, Misiones)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala guaranitica Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 57 (1902)

= Polygala rojasii Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 919 (1907)

species :

Senega harleyi (Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala harleyi Marques; Fl. Pico das Almas 538 (1995)

species :

Senega hecatantha (Urb.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Name: West Indian milkwort (EN)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Anegada)

81 HIS PUE VIR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala hecatantha Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 1: 331 (1899)

species :

Senega hemipterocarpa (A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Name: Winged milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Tamaulipas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala hemipterocarpa A.Gray; Pl. Wright. [A.Gray] 2: 31 (1853)

species :

Senega herbiola (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala herbiola A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 46 (1828)

= Polygala herbiola A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 12 (1829)

variant :

var. minensis (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala herbiola var. minensis J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 77(1): 229 (2022)

species :

Senega hieronymi (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 140 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Cordoba, San Luis, Tucuman)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala hieronymi Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 302 (1893)

species :

Senega hintonii (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (México State)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala hintonii S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 31 (1935)

species :

Senega hookeri (Torr. & A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 154 (2023)

Name: Hooker´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala attenuata Hook.; London J. Bot. 1: 195 (1834), nom. illeg.

= Polygala hookeri Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 671 (1838)

species :

Senega hygrophila (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Colombia (Chocó, Cundinamarca, Meta, Santander, Tolima); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar, Monagas, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Caazapa)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 HIS 82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR

Remarks: to be expected in French Guiana

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala gardneriana A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 19 (1874)

= Polygala hygrophila Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 395 (1824)

= Polygala hygrophiloides S.Moore; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 308 (1895)

= Polygala timoutoides f. minor Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 435 (1901)

= Polygala timoutou var. nana A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 32 (1874)

species :

Senega incarnata (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 176 (2023)

Name: Procession flower (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin); Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Galypola incarnata (L.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 180 (1914)

= Polygala incarnata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 701 (1753)

= Polygala microptera A.W.Benn.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 2 (1878)

= Polygala paniculata Leconte ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 129 (1838), nomen

species :

Senega intermedia (Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala harleyi var. intermedia Marques; Fl. Pico das Almas 539 (1995)

species :

Senega irwinii (Wurdack) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala irwinii Wurdack; Phytologia 28(1): 12 (1974)

species :

Senega jardimii (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala jardimii J.F.B.Pastore; Syst. Bot. 46(4): 991 (2021)

species :

Senega jefensis (W.H.Lewis) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala jefensis W.H.Lewis; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 55: 367 (1969)

species :

Senega judithea (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 220 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala judithea J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 68(2): 301 (2013)

species :

Senega jujuyensis (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala jujuyensis Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 383 (1948)

= Polygala neaei var. pearcei A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 168 (1879)

species :

Senega juncea (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala juncea A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 46 (1828)

= Polygala juncea A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 13 (1829)

species :

Senega kalunga (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goias)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala kalunga J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 73(4)-51: 1 (2018)

species :

Senega kurtzii Agust.Martinez & J.F.B.Pastore; Darwiniana 11(2): 567 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza)

85 ARG

species :

Senega lancifolia (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná); Argentina (Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala acutifolia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 370 (1841), nom. illeg., non L.

= Polygala lancifolia A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 42 (1829)

= Polygala michelii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30: n. 8 (1889) 113, t. 31, fig. 2

= Polygala multicaulis Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 294 (1825 publ. 1829), nom. illeg., non Tausch

= Polygala virgata Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 203 7: t. 69 (1825 publ. 1829), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega laxiflora (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Misiones)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala linoides var. laxiflora Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 347, fig. 24 (1948)

species :

Senega lecardii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; SW-Mali; Ivory Coast; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic

22 GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI SIE 23 CAF CON GAB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala lecardii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 222 (1893)

= Polygala chevalieri Chodat; Mém. Soc. Bot. France 8: 7 (1907)

= Polygala clarkeana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 235 (1896)

= Polygala pygmaea A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 41 (1920), nomen

species :

Senega leptostachys (Shuttlew. ex A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 236 (2023)

Name: Georgia milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala leptostachys Shuttlew. ex A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 41 (1852)

= Polygala tenuis Torr.; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 41 (1852), nom. inval., pro syn.

species :

Senega leucantha (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Cordillera, Paraguari)

85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala leucantha A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 172 (1879)

species :

Senega lewtonii (Small) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Name: Lewton´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala lewtonii Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 140 (1898)

species :

Senega linoides (Poir.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 188 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caazapa, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Durazno, Florida Prov., Montevideo, Rocha, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Santa Fe)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala foliosa A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 51 (1828)

= Polygala linoides Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 449 (1804)

= Polygala linoides var. ambigua Beauverd & Felipp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 13: 271 (1922)

= Polygala linoides var. latifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 270 (1893)

= Polygala marplatensis Grondona; Darwiniana 6: 118 (1942)

species :

Senega longicaulis (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Name: Longstem milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama); Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Jalisco, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti); Puerto Rico; Trinidad; Colombia (Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Santander, Tolima, Valle, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Monagas, Portuguesa, Sucre, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Paraguari, San Pedro); Argentina (Corrientes)

78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS PUE TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala adpressa Steud. ex A.Stahl; Estud. Fl. Puerto-Rico 2: 52 (1884)

= Polygala brachistachyos Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 477 (1816), nom. rej. prop.

= Polygala capitata Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 163 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Polygala diversifolia Miq.; Linnaea 19: 128 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Polygala gomphrenoides A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 46 (1828)

= Polygala longicaulis f. minutiflora Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 435 (1901)

= Polygala longicaulis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 396 (1824), nom. cons. prop.

= Polygala longicaulis subvar. nana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 183 (1893)

= Polygala longicaulis var. flavicoma Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 59 (1902)

= Polygala longicaulis var. major Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 183 (1893)

= Polygala stellera DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 327 (1824)

species :

Senega lutea (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 165 (2023)

Name: Orange milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis lutea (L.) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 87 (1838)

= Polygala lutea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 705 (1753)

= Polygala lutea var. elatior Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 54 (1803)

= Polygala pseudosenega Bertol.; Misc. Bot. [Bertoloni] 15: 21 (1854)

= Pylostachya lutea (L.) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

species :

Senega lycopodioides (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala dusenii Norlind; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 402 (1914)

= Polygala lycopodioides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 251 (1893)

= Polygala stricta A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 13 (1874), partim

species :

Senega malmeana (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil; WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala malmeana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 548 (1895)

species :

Senega mandonii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Pernambuco); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala mandonii Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42: 98 (1908)

= Polygala myurus Chodat; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 27: 27 (1915)

species :

Senega mariana (Mill.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Name: Maryland milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)

75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala harperi Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 688 (1903)

= Polygala fastigiata Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 89 (1818)

= Polygala mariana Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 6 (1768)

species :

Senega matogrossensis (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala matogrossensis J.F.B.Pastore; Revista Biol. Neotrop. 5(1): 17 (2008)

species :

Senega mcvaughii (T.Wendt) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Michoacán)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala mcvaughii T.Wendt; Lundellia 8: 18 (2005)

species :

Senega mendocina (Phil.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Tarija); Argentina (Cordoba, etc.)

83 BOL 85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala chloroneura Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 75 (1874)

= Polygala chloroneura var. glabrescens Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 301 (1893)

= Polygala cordobensis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 33: 109 (1895)

= Polygala mendocina Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 36: 162 (1870)

species :

Senega mexicana (Moc. ex Cav.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Honduras

79 MEX 80 HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala caerulescens S.F.Blake; N. Amer. Fl. [Britton et al., eds.] 25: 367 (1924)

= Polygala mexicana Moc. ex Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 7: 48 (1804)

= Polygala michoacana B.L.Rob. & Seaton; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 28: 103 (1893)

= Polygala minutiflora C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 100 (1831)

= Polygala oxysepala S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 109 (1916)

= Polygala quadrangula C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 2: 100 (1835)

= Polygala scoparia Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 399 (1824)

species :

Senega michelleana (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala michelleana J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 77(1): 229 (2022)

species :

Senega millspaughiana (Paiva) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 205 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala millspaughiana Paiva; Fontqueria 7: 1 (1985), nom. nov.

= Polygala uncinata Wright ex Millsp.; Publ. Field Columbian Mus., Bot. Ser. 1: 429 (1900), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega minarum (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala minarum J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 71(3)-42: 1 (2016)

species :

Senega minima (Pohl ex A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil; WC-Brazil; SE-Brazil; Paraguay

84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala minima Pohl ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 30 (1874)

= Polygala minima var. oxyrhynchos (Chodat) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 70 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala oxyrhynchos Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 167 (1893)

species :

Senega minuta (Paiva) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon

22 GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CMN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala minuta Paiva; Willdenowia 12(1): 51 (1982)

species :

Senega molluginifolia (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes,); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Montevideo, Rivera, Salto, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala areguensis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 201 (1879)

= Polygala areguensis f. minor Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 58 (1902)

= Polygala galioides var. molluginifolia (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 29 (1874)

= Polygala molluginifolia A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 25 (1829)

= Polygala molluginifolia f. albiflora Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 11 (1898), nomen

= Polygala molluginifolia f. rosea Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 11 (1898), nomen

= Polygala orthiocarpa Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30(8): 108, t. 30, fig. 1 (1889)

species :

Senega monosperma (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala monosperma A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 19 (1874)

= Polygala paludosa var. gigantea A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 46 (1828)

= Polygala pseudojuncea Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 211 (1893)

species :

Senega moquiniana (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala moquiniana A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 52 (1828)

= Polygala moquiniana A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 36, t. 86 (1829)

species :

Senega multiceps (Mart. ex A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 221 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala multiceps Mart. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 43 (1874)

species :

Senega nana (Michx.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 165 (2023)

Name: Candyroot (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas)

77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala nana (Michx.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 328 (1824)

= Polygala hyemalis Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 89 (1838)

= Polygala lutea var. nana Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 54 (1803)

= Polygala nana var. humillima Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 200 (1893)

= Polygala viridescens Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 178 (1788), nom. illeg.

= Pylostachya hyemalis Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 89 (1838)

= Pylostachya nana (Michx.) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 89 (1836)

species :

Senega nemoralis (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala nemoralis A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 172 (1879)

= Polygala pearcei A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 201 (1879)

species :

Senega nevadensis (Agust.Martinez & J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala nevadensis Agust.Martinez & J.F.B.Pastore; Syst. Bot. 47(1): 233 (2022)

species :

Senega nikeliophila (Marques & J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala nikeliophila Marques & J.F.B.Pastore; Phytotaxa 288(1): 96 (2016)

species :

Senega northorpiana (R.N.Banerjee) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Bahamas (Mayaguana Isl., Crooked and Acklins Isl., Andros Isl., New Providence Isl., Abaco Isl., Grand Bahama Isl.)

81 BAH

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala northorpiana R.N.Banerjee; Taxon 28(4): 418 (1979), nom. nov. for P. wightiana S. F. Blake 1916

= Polygala wightiana S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 87 (1916), nom. illeg. hom.

species :

Senega nudicaulis (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala juncoides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 210 (1893)

= Polygala nudicaulis A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 20 (1874)

species :

Senega nuttallii (Torr. & A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Name: Nuttall´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala ambigua Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 130 (1838), nom. illeg.

= Polygala linifolia Scheele; Linnaea 17: 335 (1844)

= Polygala nuttallii Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 670 (1838)

= Polygala sanguinea Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 88 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Polygala torreyi Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 194 (1893), nom. illeg., non G. Don

species :

Senega obovata (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Salto); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala albicoma Arechav.; Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 9: (Fl. Uruguay.) 69 (1898)

= Polygala obovata A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 37 (1829)

species :

Senega oedophylla (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala oedophylla S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 49: 151 (1936)

species :

Senega officinalis Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 7: 129 (1838)

Name: Seneca snakeroot (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: subgen. Asemeia

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala albida Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 642 (1821)

= Polygala lonchophylla Greene; Pittonia 3: 307 (1898)

= Polygala rosea Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 643 (1821), nomen

= Polygala senega var. albida Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 2: 53 (1803)

= Polygala senega var. dentata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 279 (1893)

= Polygala senega var. latifolia Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 131 (1838)

= Polygala senega L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 704 (1753)

species :

Senega omissa (Bal.-Tul. & P.Herrera) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala omissa Bal.-Tul. & P.Herrera; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 16(3): 331 (1981)

species :

Senega paganuccii (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: Brazil (Bahia, Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala paganuccii J.F.B.Pastore; Syst. Bot. 46(4): 995 (2021)

species :

Senega paniculata (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Name: Pistache cimarron, Ti-brand, Ti-branda, Pistache sauvage, Petit herbe a rhumatismes, Herbe a rhumatismes, Pistache marron, Petit herbe arhomatismes (Haiti), Diten manyok, Herb a lait, Aster fragile, Estroi fragil (Lesser Antilles), Orosne (Puerto Rico)

Distribution: Nigeria [I]; Central African Republic [I]; China [I] (Guangdong [I]); Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; S-India [I] (Kerala [I]); Vietnam [I]; Singapore [I]; Sumatra [I]; Borneo [I]; Sulawesi [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I], etc.); Moluccas [I]; New Guinea [I]; Bismarck Arch. [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); New Caledonia [I]; Santa Cruz Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; Wallis & Futuna [I]; American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); [Western] Samoa [I] (Aleipata Isl. [I], ´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); Tokelau [I] (Swains Isl. [I]); Gilbert Isl. [I] (Tarawa [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Atiu [I]); Society Isl. [I]; Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Koror [I], Ngarakabesang [I], Malakal [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Fais [I], Truk [I], Moen [I], Fefan [I], Pohnpei [I]); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Maryland [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Guaira); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios)

22 nga 23 caf 36 chi 38 nns tai 40 ind 41 vie 42 bor jaw lsi mol nwg phi sng sul sum 43 bis sol 50 aus 60 asa fij gil nue nwc rot sam scz tok van wal 61 coo sci 62 gum mic plu 63 haw 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS HON NIC PAN 81 CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR PUE STL STV TRT VEN 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala amaniensis Gürke ex Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 311 (1912), nomen

= Polygala brasiliensis Mart.; Flora 20(2. Beibl.): 93 (1837)

= Polygala caripensis Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 350 (1854 publ. 1855)

= Polygala carlotina E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 341 (1914)

= Polygala humilis Vell.; Fl. Flumin. 293 7: t. 67 (1825 publ. 1829), nom. illeg.

= Polygala paniculata f. humilis Chodat; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 30(1): 301 (1891 publ. 1892)

= Polygala paniculata f. leucoptera S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 101 (1916)

= Polygala paniculata f. violacea Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 11 (1898), nomen

= Polygala paniculata L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1154 (1759)

= Polygala paniculata var. ambigua Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 49 (1891)

= Polygala paniculata var. brasiliana DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 329 (1824)

= Polygala paniculata var. carlotina E.H.L.Krause; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 32(2): 341 (1914)

= Polygala paniculata var. verticillata Chodat; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 30(1): 302 (1891 publ. 1892), nom. illeg.

= Polygala ramosissima Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 53 (1801)

= Polygala tenella Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(2): 878 (1802)

species :

Senega patagonica (Phil.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Santa Cruz)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala patagonica Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 81: 497 (1893)

species :

Senega patens (J.F.B.Pastore & Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 173 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala patens J.F.B.Pastore & Marques; Acta Bot. Brasil. 23(2): 447 (2009)

species :

Senega payuniensis (Agust.Martinez & J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Neuquén, Mendoza)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala payuniensis Agust.Martinez & J.F.B.Pastore; Syst. Bot. 47(1): 234 (2022)

species :

Senega persistens (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro); Chile (Maule)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala oreophila Speg.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 7: 230 (1902)

= Polygala paradoxa Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 235 (1896)

= Polygala persistens A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 170 (1879)

= Polygala williamsii Böcher, Hjert. & Rahn; Dansk Bot. Ark. 22: 94 (1963)

species :

Senega peruviana (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Santander); Venezuela (Tachira); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala peruviana A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 173 (1879)

= Polygala ruiziana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 145 (1893)

= Polygala santanderensis Killip & Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(2): 301 (1952)

= Polygala vilcabambae B.Eriksen & Stahl; Fl. Ecuador 65: 21 (2000)

species :

Senega philippiana (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 141 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala grisea A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 33: 109 (1895)

= Polygala philippiana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 300 (1893)

species :

Senega poaya (Mart.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); Paraguay (Amambay)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala angulata DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 328 (1824)

= Polygala angulata var. angustifolia Mart. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 41 (1874)

= Polygala angulata var. diffusa A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 41 (1874)

= Polygala poaya Mart.; Reise Bras. [Spix & Martius] 1: 285 (1823)

= Polygala poaya var. major A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

= Polygala poaya var. minor A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

species :

Senega polygama (Walter) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Name: Racemed milkwort (EN)

Distribution: Canada (Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Anthalogea polygama (Walter) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 180 (1914)

= Anthalogea polygama (Walter) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 88 (1836)

= Polygala aboriginum Small; Torreya 26: 92 (1926)

= Polygala polygama f. albiflora House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 45 (1923)

= Polygala polygama f. pallida Britton ex Hollick; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 256 (1891)

= Polygala polygama f. ramulosa (Farw.) E.G.Voss; Michigan Bot. 24(3): 121 (1985)

= Polygala polygama var. abortiva Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 280 (1893)

= Polygala polygama var. macrospora Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 280 (1893)

= Polygala polygama var. obtusata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 280 (1893)

= Polygala polygama var. ramulosa Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 62(-63) (1928)

= Polygala polygama Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 179 (1788)

= Polygala rubella Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(2): 875 (1802)

= Polygala rugosa Raf.; New Fl. 4: 89 (1838)

species :

Senega pseudocoriacea (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pseudocoriacea Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 257 (1893)

species :

Senega pseudoerica (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala juniperoides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 254 (1893)

= Polygala pseudoerica A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 53 (1828)

= Polygala pseudoerica var. juniperoides (Chodat) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 44 (1988 publ. 1989)

species :

Senega pseudosericea (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Goiás); NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Paraguari)

84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pseudosericea Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 241 (1893)

species :

Senega pseudovariabilis (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Goiás); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Sergipe)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pseudovariabilis Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 181 (1893)

species :

Senega pulchella (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Guaira, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pulchella A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 30 (1829)

= Polygala pulchella var. latifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 270 (1893)

species :

Senega pumila (Norlind) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 240 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pumila Norlind; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 401 (1914)

= Polygala paulistana Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 35 (1949)

species :

Senega punctata (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Canindeyu, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Paraguari); Uruguay (Cerro Largo); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala hassleriana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 436 (1901)

= Polygala punctata A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 172 (1879)

= Polygala wittrockiana Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 239 (1896)

species :

Senega pygmaea (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 224 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bryoides var. pygmaea A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 52 (1828)

variant :

var. major (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala bryoides var. major Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 249 (1893)

species :

Senega quitensis (Turcz.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 208 (2023)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala berlandieri var. bogotensis Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 176 (1893)

= Polygala quitensis Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 27(2): 350 (1854)

species :

Senega raddiana (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Mato Grosso)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala raddiana A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 26 (1829)

species :

Senega ramosa (Elliott) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 165 (2023)

Name: Low pinebarren milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, +Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia)

75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis ramosa (Elliott) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

= Polygala balduini var. chlorogena Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A. Gray] 1: 129 (1838)

= Polygala corymbosa Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 89 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Polygala ramosa Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 2: 186 (1822)

species :

Senega regnellii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala regnellii Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 548 (1895)

species :

Senega remota (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala remota A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 21 (1874)

species :

Senega resedoides (A.St.-Hil.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil; Uruguay (Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rivera, Salto, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, La Pampa)

84 BRA 85 ARG URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala resedoides A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 31 (1829)

species :

Senega revoluta (Gardner) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala revoluta Gardner; London J. Bot. 4: 99 (1845)

species :

Senega rhynchosperma (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala rhynchosperma S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50(1): 40 (1923)

species :

Senega rhysocarpa (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala rhysocarpa S.F.Blake; N. Amer. Fl. [Britton et al., eds.] 25: 366 (1924)

species :

Senega rigida (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala rigida A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 48 (1828)

= Polygala rigida A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 18 (1829)

species :

Senega riograndensis (Lüdtke & Miotto) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala riograndensis Lüdtke & Miotto; Novon 17(1): 40 (2007)

species :

Senega robusta (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Tucumán)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pulchella f. major Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 268 (1893)

= Polygala pulchella var. robusta Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 343 (1948)

species :

Senega rosei (Hicken) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Rio Negro)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala rosei Hicken; Physis (Buenos Aires) 2: 104 (1916)

species :

Senega rostrata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 168 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala densifolia var. rostrata (Chodat) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 64 (1988 publ. 1989)

= Polygala rostrata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 244 (1893)

species :

Senega roubienna (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala roubienna A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 35 (1829)

= Polygala lucida A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 43 (1874)

species :

Senega rugelii (Shuttlew. ex Chapm.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 165 (2023)

Name: Rugel´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala rugelii Shuttlew.; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 41 (1852)

= Pilostaxis rugelii (Shuttlew. ex A.Gray) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 774 (1933)

= Polygala reynoldsiae Chapm.; Fl. South. U.S., ed. 2(Suppl.): 613 (1883)

species :

Senega sabuletorum (Skottsb.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Santa Cruz)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sabuletorum Skottsb.; Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., n. s. 56(5): 255 (1916)

species :

Senega saginoides (Griseb.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala saginoides Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 13 (1866)

species :

Senega salasiana (Gay) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala andicola Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 81: 495 (1892)

= Polygala hickeniana Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 369 (1948)

= Polygala oxyantha Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 81: 495 (1892)

= Polygala salasiana Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 1: 237 (1846)

= Polygala salasiana var. obtusifolia Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 306 (1893)

species :

Senega salviniana (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 148 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala salviniana A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 203 (1879)

= Polygala macroloncha Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 84 (1914)

= Polygala microloncha Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 84 (1914)

species :

Senega sanariapoana (Steyerm.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Caquetá, Guaviare, Vaupés, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas)

82 CLM VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sanariapoana Steyerm.; Fieldiana, Bot. 28(2): 301 (1952)

species :

Senega sancti-georgii (L.Riley) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: Galapagos

83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sancti-georgii L.Riley; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 218 (1925)

variant :

var. oblanceolata (J.T.Howell) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: Galapagos

83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sancti-georgii var. oblanceolata Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 10: 351 (1966)

species :

Senega sanguinea (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Name: Purple milkwort (EN)

Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala nuttalliana F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 7: 155 (1837)

= Polygala purpurea Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 2: 88 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Polygala sanguinea f. albescens Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 63 (1928)

= Polygala sanguinea f. albiflora Millsp.; Fl. W. Virginia [1896]: 333 (1896)

= Polygala sanguinea f. viridescens (L.) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 63 (1928)

= Polygala sanguinea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 705 (1753)

= Polygala viridescens f. albiflora House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 55 (1923), nom. illeg.

= Polygala viridescens f. albiflora Wheelock; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 2: 129 (1891)

= Polygala viridescens L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 705 (1753)

= Polygala viridescens var. sanguinea (L.) Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Commiss. Parks Boulevards Detroit 11: 72 (1900)

species :

Senega sansibarensis (Gürke) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: S-Kenya; Zanzibar; NE-Mozambique

25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sansibarensis Gürke; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 233 (1895)

species :

Senega santacruzensis (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala santacruzensis Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 377 (1948)

species :

Senega saprophytica (Chodat ex Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 176 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala saprophytica Chodat ex Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 31 (1949)

species :

Senega savannarum (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Guainía, Guaviare); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Barinas, Bolívar, Guarico, Portuguesa); Guyana

82 CLM GUY VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala savannarum Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 79 (1914)

species :

Senega scoparioides (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Name: Broom milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala scoparioides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 285 (1893)

= Polygala scoparia var. multicaulis A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 38 (1852)

species :

Senega sedoides (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba)

82 GUY VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sedoides A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 27-28, pl. 10, E 3 (1874)

= Polygala microspora S.F.Blake; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 56: 397 (1929)

species :

Senega selaginoides (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Itapua, San Pedro)

84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala selaginoides A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 38 (1874)

= Polygala tristis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 903 (1896)

= Polygala tristis var. apensis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 58 (1902)

species :

Senega sellowiana (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala aspalata A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 14, partim (1829)

= Polygala hatschbachii Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 22 (1954)

= Polygala sabulosa A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 27 (1874)

= Polygala sellowiana A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

species :

Senega semialata (S.Watson) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala semialata S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 326 (1881 publ. 1882)

species :

Senega sericea (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sericea A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 38 (1874)

species :

Senega setacea (Michx.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 176 (2023)

Name: Coastal plain milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida, Georgia)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala setacea Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 52 (1803)

species :

Senega shinnersii (W.H.Lewis) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala shinnersii W.H.Lewis; Rhodora 64: 225 (1962)

species :

Senega sinaloae (S.F.Blake) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Sonora)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sinaloae S.F.Blake; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 32: 189 (1919)

species :

Senega sincorensis (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 210 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sincorensis Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 81 (1914)

species :

Senega sipapoana (Wurdack) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas)

82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala sipapoana Wurdack; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 129 (1953)

species :

Senega smallii (R.R.Sm. & D.B.Ward) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 165 (2023)

Name: Tiny milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Florida)

78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Pilostaxis arenicola (Small) Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 773 (1933)

= Polygala arenicola Small; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 426 (1905), non Guerke

= Polygala smallii R.R.Sm. & D.B.Ward; Sida 6(4): 307 (1976), nom. nov.

species :

Senega solieri (Gay) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Chile (Atacama)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala solieri Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 1: 238 (1846)

species :

Senega spathulata (Griseb.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica

81 BAH CUB JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala spathulata Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 13 (1866)

species :

Senega spicata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Uganda; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Mpulamanga)

23 CAF ZAI 25 TAN UGA 26 ANG ZAM ZIM 27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala capillaris var. angolensis Oliv.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 1: 131 (1868)

= Polygala schlechteri Schinz; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 55: 237 (1910)

= Polygala spicata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 221 (1893)

species :

Senega spinescens (Gillies) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 144 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen, San Juan)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala spinescens Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3: 146 (1833)

= Polygala spinescens var. aspalathoides Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 212 (1884)

species :

Senega squamifolia (C.Wright ex Griseb.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala squamifolia C.Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 12 (1866)

species :

Senega stenophylla (A.Gray) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 146 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Cordoba, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, San Juan, San Luis)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala acutiappendiculata Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 236 (1896)

= Polygala bicarunculata Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 236 (1896)

= Polygala stenophylla A.Gray; U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 15(1): 108 (1854)

= Polygala stenophylla var. oxycarpa Chodat; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8, Suppl. 168 (1915)

species :

Senega stephaniana (Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala paludosa var. appendiculata A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 46 (1828)

= Polygala stephaniana Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 73 (1988 publ. 1989)

species :

Senega stricta (A.St.-Hil. & Moq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala stricta A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 47 (1828)

= Polygala stricta A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 18 (1829)

species :

Senega subalata (S.Watson) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala subalata S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 26: 132 (1891)

= Polygala verticillata Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 163 (1894), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega subandina (Phil.) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 146 (2023)

Distribution: Chile (Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala gayi A.W.Benn.; J. Bot. 17: 168 (1879)

= Polygala parvula Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 81: 496 (1892)

= Polygala stricta Gay; Fl. Chil. [Gay] 1: 236 (1846)

= Polygala stricta var. parvula Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 90: 917 (1895)

= Polygala subandina Phil.; Linnaea 33: 17 (1864 publ. 1865)

species :

Senega subtilis (Kunth) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: Colombia (Magdalena, Meta); Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Guarico, Portuguesa); Guyana; Surinam; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Pará, Amazonas); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

82 CLM GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala subtilis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 393 (1824)

species :

Senega subverticillata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 168 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala subverticillata Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 80 (1914)

species :

Senega suganumae (J.F.B.Pastore & Marques) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala suganumae J.F.B.Pastore & Marques; Acta Bot. Brasil. 23(2): 446 (2009)

species :

Senega sulphurea (A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala paludosa var. amethystina A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 45 (1828)

= Polygala paludosa var. myurus A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 45 (1828)

= Polygala sulphurea A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 17 (1874)

species :

Senega tacianae (J.F.B.Pastore & Harley) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 176 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tacianae J.F.B.Pastore & Harley; Kew Bull. 64(4): 705 (2010)

species :

Senega tamariscea (Mart. ex A.W.Benn.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: N-Brazil (Tocantins); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tamariscea Mart. ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 37 (1874)

species :

Senega telephium (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Cordillera)

84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala telephium Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 435 (1901)

= Polygala adenophylla var. parvifolia A.St.-Hil.; Fl. Bras. Merid. [A.St.-Hilaire] 2: 21 (1829)

= Polygala telephium var. gracilis Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 59 (1902)

= Polygala telephium var. robusta Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 59 (1902)

species :

Senega tellezii (T.Wendt) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Nayarit)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tellezii T.Wendt; Lundellia 8: 22 (2005)

species :

Senega tenuis (DC.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); NE-Brazil (Bahia); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Paraguari)

80 COS GUA NIC PAN 82 FRG GUY SUR 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala paludosa A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 45 (1828)

= Polygala paludosa var. ambigua A.St.-Hil. & Moq.; Ann. Soc. Roy. Sci. Orléans 9: 45 (1828)

= Polygala paludosa var. tenuis (DC.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 1: 239 (1842)

= Polygala perophylla Pohl ex A.W.Benn.; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 13(3): 18 (1874)

= Polygala tenuis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 329 (1824)

species :

Senega tenuissima (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 190 (2023)

Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tenuissima Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 153 (1895)

species :

Senega timoutoides (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 161 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Rivera); Argentina (Corrientes, Misiones)

84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala timoutoides Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30: n. 8 (1889) 112, 131, fig. 2

species :

Senega timoutou (Aubl.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 214 (2023)

Distribution: Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Trinidad; Colombia (Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Bolívar, Guarico, Portuguesa, Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Bolivia (La Paz, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre, Rondônia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Bahia); SE-Brazil

80 COS HON PAN 81 TRT 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala lupulina Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3: 880 (1802)

= Polygala timoutou Aubl.; Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 737, t. 295 (1775)

= Polygala timoutou var. incisa Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 911 (1904)

= Polygala uliginosa Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 272 (1806)

species :

Senega tocantinensis (J.F.B.Pastore & Antar) J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 79: 985 (2024)

Distribution: Brazil (Tocantins)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tocantinensis J.F.B.Pastore & Antar; Eur. J. Taxon. 762: 137 (2021)

species :

Senega trichosperma (Jacq.) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 227 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Bolívar, Guarico, Trujillo, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; N-Brazil (Roraima, Amapa, Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Rondônia); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia, Alagoas, Sergipe)

79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala longiloba S.F.Blake; N. Amer. Fl. [Britton et al., eds.] 25: 362 (1924)

= Polygala nelsonii Rose; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 122 (1906)

= Polygala perennis S.F.Blake; N. Amer. Fl. [Britton et al., eds.] 25: 362 (1924)

= Polygala psammophila Chodat & Huber; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 1: 309 (1901)

= Polygala remansoensis Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 78 (1914)

= Polygala sororia Miq.; Stirp. Surinam. Select. 32 (t. 8) (1851)

= Polygala sulcata Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3(2): 878 (1802)

= Polygala trichosperma L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 3: 232 (1768)

= Polygala variabilis f. leucanthema S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 47: 96 (1916)

= Polygala variabilis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 5: 397 (1824)

= Polygala zindae G.A.Black; Bol. Tecn. Inst. Agron. N. 20: 39 (1950)

species :

Senega trifurcata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala trifurcata Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 82 (1914)

species :

Senega tuberculata (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 211 (2023)

Distribution: NE-Brazil (Bahia)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala tuberculata Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 242 (1893)

= Polygala carunculata Chodat; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 52(Beibl. 115): 83 (1914)

species :

Senega veadeiroensis (J.F.B.Pastore) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 162 (2023)

Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala veadeiroensis J.F.B.Pastore; Kew Bull. 73(3)-37: 1 (2018)

species :

Senega ventanensis (Grondona) J.F.B.Pastore & Agust.Martinez; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 146 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires)

85 ARG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala ventanensis Grondona; Darwiniana 8: 349 (1948)

species :

Senega vergrandis (W.H.Lewis) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 214 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala vergrandis W.H.Lewis; Rhodora 64: 226 (1962)

species :

Senega verticillata (L.) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 243 (2023)

Name: Whorled milkwort (EN)

Distribution: New Zealand [I]; Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)

51 nzl 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala pretzii Pennell; Bartonia 13: 12 (1931 publ. 1932)

= Polygala verticillata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 706 (1753)

= Polygala verticillata var. sphenostachya Pennell; Bartonia 13: 9 (1931)

= Sexilia verticillata (L.) Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 87 (1838)

variant :

var. isocycla (Fernald) comb.ined.

Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)

71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala verticillata var. isocycla Fernald; Rhodora 40: 334, tab. 501, fig. 2, 3 (1938)

species :

Senega viridis (S.Watson) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala viridis S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 325-326 (1882)

species :

Senega vollii (Brade) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 183 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala vollii Brade; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 13: 24 (1954)

species :

Senega watsonii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 151 (2023)

Name: Watson´s milkwort (EN)

Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosí, Zacatecas)

77 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala watsonii Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2): 285 (1893)

= Polygala acicularis S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 445 (1886), nom. illeg.

species :

Senega weddelliana (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 162 (2023)

Distribution: Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar); Guyana; N-Brazil (Roraima); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); S-Brazil

82 GUY VEN 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala weddelliana Chodat; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 31(2, 2): 159 (1893)

= Polygala maguirei Wurdack; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 23: 120 (1972)

= Polygala timoutoides var. maguirei (Wurdack) Marques; Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 29: 39 (1988 publ. 1989)

species :

Senega wettsteinii (Chodat) J.F.B.Pastore; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 180 (2023)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala wettsteinii Chodat; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 79: 298 (1908)

= Polygala rubiifolia Chodat ex Grondona; Darwiniana 9: 37 (1949)

species :

Senega wilsonii (Small) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 244 (2023)

Distribution: Bahamas; Cuba; Anguilla

81 AGU BAH CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala wilsonii Small; Bahama Fl. [Britton & Millspaugh] 216 (1920)

species :

Senega wurdackiana (W.H.Lewis) J.F.B.Pastore & J.R.Abbott; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 108: 244 (2023)

Distribution: Panama

80 PAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Polygala wurdackiana W.H.Lewis; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 55: 365 (1969)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
**in total 1,423,438* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (4)

Genus (31)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
**in total 1,423,438* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]