134.0000
Family
Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30557; hybrids: 1460
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.4310
Genus
Serapias L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 949 (1753)
Distribution: Azores, Europe, Mediterranean, 1 to Caucasus. The species concept in Serapias is highly controversial.
Species listed in database: 15; hybrids: 32
= Isias De Not.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 6: 413 (1844)
= Lonchitis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 50 (1901)
= Serapiastrum A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
species :
Serapias bergonii
E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 61 (1908)
Name: Griechischer Zungenständel (DE); Greek Plowshare (EN)
Distribution: Italy; Sicily; Malta; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey; Cyprus
13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC TUE 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias columnae f. hellenica (Renz) Greuter; Boissiera 13: 191 (1967)
= Serapias cordigera Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 367 (1844)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. laxiflora (Soó) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias hellenica Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 230 (1928)
= Serapias laxiflora Chaub.; Nouv. Fl. Pélop. 62 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Serapias laxiflora f. hellenica (Renz) Renz; Fl. Aegaea 823 (1943)
= Serapias laxiflora subsp. hellenica (Renz) Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 210 (1929)
= Serapias lingua Bertol.; Amoen. Ital. 292 (1819) non L.
= Serapias columnae (Aunier ex Rchb.f.) Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 32 (1909)
= Serapias occultata var. columnae (Asch. & Graebn.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 57 (1908)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. columnae (Asch. & Graebn.) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 91 (1931)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. hellenica (Renz) Soó
= Serapias parviflora subsp. laxiflora Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
= Serapias parviflora var. columnae Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 779 (1907)
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. laxiflora Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 689 (1882)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. columnae (Rchb.f.) H.Sund.; Wilde Orchid. Eur. 2: 360 (1977)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. laxiflora (Soó) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Orchidee (Hamburg) 28(3): 114 (1977)
species :
Serapias cordigera
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 1345 (1763)
subspecies :
subsp. cordigera
Name: Herzförmiger Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; +Malta; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece ; European Turkey; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel, Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Patmos); SW-Turkey
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB TUE 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine cordigera (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 512 (1807)
= Lonchitis cordigera (L.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 50 (1901)
= Serapias cordigera f. ochrantha Landwehr; Wilde Orchid. Eur. 2: 557 (1977)
= Serapias cordigera subvar. curvifolia (J.A.Guim.) E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 1: 85 (1928)
= Serapias cordigera subvar. leucantha (J.A.Guim.) E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 1: 85 (1928)
= Serapias cordigera var. curvifolia J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 49 (1887)
= Serapias cordigera var. leucantha J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 49 (1887)
= Serapias lingua var. cordigera (L.) Savi; Fl. Pis. 2: 304 (1798)
= Serapias ovalis Rich.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 4: 54 (1818)
= Serapias vomeracea f. artemisiae (W.Hahn, Kreutz & Passin) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88: 251 (2008)
= Serapiastrum cordigerum (L.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. azorica
(Schltr.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
Distribution: Azores (widespread)
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias azorica Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 44 (1923) (Acores (San Miguel))
= Serapias atlantica D.Rückbr. & U.Rückbr.; J. Eur. Orch. 26(1): 73 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. cossyrensis
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
Distribution: Pantelleria
13 PTL
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cossyrensis B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 31 (2), 502 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. cretica
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 31(2): 510, 509 (1999)
Distribution: Crete (fairly widespread)
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera var. cretica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
= Serapias cretica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 503 (2024)
subspecies :
subsp. gentilii
C.Venhuis, P.Venhuis & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 128 (2007)
Distribution: S-Portugal (Lisbon to Algarve); SW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias gentilii (C.Venhuis, P.Venhuis & Kreutz) Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 500 (2024)
subspecies :
subsp. lorenziana
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
Name: Marokkanischer Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: S-Spain (Andalusia); Morocco (Casablanca, to, Oulmes, very rare)
12 SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera var. mauritanica (E.G.Camus) E.Nelson ex P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 92(Orchid. 24): 203 (2011)
= Serapias cordigera var. mauritanica (E.G.Camus) Nelson; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 24 (1968)
= Serapias lorenziana H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 775, 770 (1989)
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. mauritanica E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 51 (1908)
= Serapias vomeracea var. mauritanica E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 51 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. lucana
R.Lorenz & V.A.Romano; J. Eur. Orch. 46(3/4): 633 (2014)
Distribution: S-Italy (Potenza)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lucana (R.Lorenz & V.A.Romano) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
subspecies :
subsp. occidentalis
(C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis) comb.ined.
Distribution: Portugal (Alentejo, Beira Litoral); W-Spain (Extremadura)
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias occidentalis C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 63(2): 138 (2006)
= Serapias maria F.M.Vázquez; J. Eur. Orch. 40: 701 (2008)
species :
Serapias lingua
L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 950 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. lingua
Name: Echter Zungenständel (DE), Tongue Orchid (EN)
Distribution: England [I] (SE-England [I]); Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (lowlands of W-, C- & S-Greece, Sporades, Kiklades, Skiros, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kithira); Crete (widespread)
10 grb 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine leucoglottis (Pers.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 398 (1821)
= Helleborine lingua (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 512 (1807)
= Orchis lingua (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 187 (1772)
= Serapias brevibracteata St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 134 (1880)
= Serapias columnae (Rchb.f.) H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 75: 190 (1925)
= Serapias excavata Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 38 (1923)
= Serapias glabra Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 552 (1813)
= Serapias hirsuta var. reichenbachiana Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 13: 188 (1912)
= Serapias laxiflora var. columnae Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 13 (1850)
= Serapias lingua lusus abnormis (Cortesi) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 207 (2009)
= Serapias lingua lusus kuemmerlei Soó; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 9: 911 (1926)
= Serapias lingua f. abnormis Cortesi; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 1: 216 (1904)
= Serapias lingua f. humilis A.Terracc.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1910: 27 (1910)
= Serapias lingua f. leucantha (J.A.Guim.) F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)
= Serapias lingua f. minima F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)
= Serapias lingua f. nana E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 1: 3 (1921)
= Serapias lingua f. pallidiflora E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 54 (1908)
= Serapias lingua f. tenuis F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 208 (2009)
= Serapias lingua f. tepalopatens Spagnoli; GIROS Notiz. 6: 11 (1997)
= Serapias lingua subsp. excavata (Schltr.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
= Serapias lingua subsp. veneris Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 279 (1986)
= Serapias lingua var. duriaei Rchb. ex Batt.; Fl. Alger [Battandier & Trabut] 190 (1884)
= Serapias lingua var. excavata (Schltr.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 209 (1935)
= Serapias lingua var. flavescens Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 280 (1986)
= Serapias lingua var. hirsuta Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 598 (1842)
= Serapias lingua var. hirtula Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 598 (1842)
= Serapias lingua var. leucantha J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
= Serapias lingua var. longebracteata J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
= Serapias lingua var. longibracteata Hoschédé; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 13: 20 (1903)
= Serapias lingua var. rubescens Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 280 (1986)
= Serapias oxyglottis var. pallescens Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel] 3: 255 (1836)
= Serapias pallidiflora Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 32 (1909)
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. pallescens (Mutel) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 51 (1908)
= Serapiastrum lingua (L.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. oranensis
Kreutz, Ait-Hamm., Babali, Miara & Rebbas; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 30(2): 260 (2013)
Distribution: N-Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias oranensis (Kreutz, Ait-Hamm., Babali, Miara & Rebbas) Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 479 (2024)
subspecies :
subsp. stenopetala
(Maire & T.Stephenson) Maire & A.Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 318 (1959)
Distribution: NE-Algeria; NW-Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Remarks: probably only an albinistic colour morph
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lingua var. stenopetala (Maire & T.Stephenson) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 451 (1938)
= Serapias ×stenopetala Maire & T.Stephenson; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 21: 48 (1930)
subspecies :
subsp. tunetana
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 927 (2005)
Distribution: N-Morocco; N-Algeria; N-Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: possibly with hybridogenic influence of S. strictiflora
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lingua f. tunetana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 248 (2007)
= Serapias tunetana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) El Mokni, Domina, Boutabia & Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 53(1): 23 (2021)
species :
Serapias neglecta
De Not.; Repert. Fl. Ligust. 423 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. neglecta
Name: Verkannter Zungenständel
Distribution: S-France; Corsica; Sardinia; NW-Italy (incl. Elba Isl.)
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Isias triloba De Not.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 6: 413 (1844)
= Serapias cordigera Bertol.; Fl. Ital. [Bertoloni] 9: 603 (1854), nom. illeg.
= Serapias cordigera f. neglecta (De Not.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 239 (1896)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. neglecta (De Not.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 274 (1890)
= Serapias cordigera var. neglecta (De Not.) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 239 (1898)
= Serapias neglecta subsp. apulica Landwehr; Wilde Orchid. Eur. 2: 364 (1977)
= Serapiastrum neglectum (De Not.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. ionica
E.Nelson; Monogr. Ikonogr. Orchid.-Gatt. Serapias, Aceras, Loroglossum, Barlia 20 (1968)
Name: Ionischer Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: Croatia; ?Montenegro; W-Greece (Kerkyra, W-Epirus, Kefalonia, Zakynthos)
13 CRO GRC
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in S. orientalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ionica (E.Nelson) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 20(3): 625 (1988)
= Serapias neglecta subsp. ionica (E.Nelson ex Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. istriaca
(Perko) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
Distribution: S-Croatia (Istria)
13 CRO
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in S. orientalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias istriaca Perko; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 15(2): 24 (1998)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. istriaca (Perko) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 139 (2004)
species :
Serapias nurrica
Corrias; Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat. 21: 397 (1982)
Name: Nurra-Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: Baleares (Menorca); Sardinia; S-Italy (incl. Elba); Sicily; SE-Corsica; Tunisia (La Galite Isl.)
12 BAL COR SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 TUN
Remarks: parviflora agg.
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias nurrica f. chlorantha Scrugli & M.P.Grasso; Inform. Bot. Ital. 17 (13): 110 (1985 publ. 1986)
= Serapias nurrica var. alba Senis, Orrù & M.P.Grasso; GIROS Notiz. 39: 12 (2008)
variant :
var. santuingensis
Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù; GIROS Notiz. 37: 15 (2008)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias nurrica subsp. santuingensis (Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù) Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù; GIROS Notiz. 48: 30 (2011)
= Serapias santuingensis (Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù) Biagioli, Kreutz, Licheri, Orrù & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias olbia
Verg.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 599 (1908)
Name: Cote-d´Azur-Zungenständel
Distribution: SE-France (Cote d´Azur); Corsica
12 COR FRA
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. olbia (Verg.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias nurrica subsp. argensii Martine & Gerbaud; Orchidophile (Paris) 130: 10-22 (1998)
= Serapias vomeracea var. olbia (Verg.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 209 (1935)
= Serapias vomeracea var. olbia (Verg.) Schltr.; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 1: 136 (1926)
variant :
var. gregaria
(Godfery) E.Nelson; Monogr. Ikonogr. Orchid.-Gatt. Serapias, Aceras, Loroglossum, Barlia 30 (1968)
Distribution: SE-France; Corsica; Italy (Capraia Isl.)
12 COR FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias strictiflora subsp. gregaria (Godfery) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 139 (2004)
= Serapias ×gregaria Godfery; J. Bot. 59: 241 (1921)
species :
Serapias orientalis
(Greuter) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 20(3): 636 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. orientalis
Name: Orientalischer Zungenständel
Distribution: Italy; Greece (lowlands of C- & S-Greece, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kiklades); Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Fourni, Patmos, Agathonisi, Kos, Nisyros, Karpathos)
13 GRC ITA KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. orientalis (Greuter) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980), no exact basionym page
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. brachyantha Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: t. CCCCXLII, f. 1 (1851)
= Serapias vomeracea f. platyglottis Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 162 (1916)
= Serapias vomeracea f. platypetala Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 160 (1916)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. orientalis Greuter; Florist. Rep. Cretan Area [Greuter] 19 (1972)
= Serapias vomeracea var. cordigeroides (Nelson) N.R. & A.K.Campb.; Willdenowia 16(1): 54 (1986)
variant :
var. spaethiae
P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 185 (2009)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kos)
34 EAI
variant :
var. patmia
(M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) comb.ined.
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Patmos, Agathonisi, Leipsoi)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. patmia (M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
= Serapias patmia M.Hirth & H.Spaeth; J. Eur. Orch. 26 (34): 442, 440 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. apulica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 779 (1989)
Distribution: SE-Italy (Apulia)
13 ITA
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias apulica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71(3): 110 (1990)
= Serapias apulica subsp. brundisina Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 47 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. messapica Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 48 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. neretina Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 46 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. uxentina Gennaio; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 350 (2017)
= Serapias brundisina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias messapica (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias neretina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias uxentina (Gennaio) Biagioli, Kreutz, Gennaio & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 152 (2022)
variant :
var. siciliensis
(Bartolo & Pulv.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 81(4): 398 (2000)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias orientalis subsp. siciliensis Bartolo & Pulv.; Candollea 48(1): 232 (1993)
= Serapias siciliensis (Bartolo & Pulv.) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 152 (2022)
subspecies :
subsp. carica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 782 (1989)
Name: Karischer Zungenständel (DE); Carian Plowshare (EN)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Andros, Milos, Paris, Andiparos, Tinos, Amorgos, Polyaigos, Kimolos); East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Samos, Lesvos, Tilos, Chios, Samos, Ikaria, Fourni, Patmos, Kos); SW-Turkey
13 GRC 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias carica var. monantha P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 80(3): 419 (1999)
= Serapias orientalis var. monantha (P.Delforge) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 34 (2008)
= Serapias carica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Guide Orchidées Eur., Afr. Nord & Proche-Or. [Delforge] 209 (1994)
= Serapias orientalis var. carica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 34 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. cycladum
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Kykladen-Zungenständel
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Andros, Milos, Siros, Mykonos, Naxos, Paros, Andiparos, Kos, Tinos, Amorgos, Kimolos, Kithnos, Serifos, Sifnos, Sikinos, Folegandros, Polyaigos); East Aegaean Isl. (Astipaleia, Samos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
Remarks: probably the same as subsp. carica or only a variety
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cycladum H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 755 (1989)
subspecies :
subsp. dafnii
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 110-111 (2005)
Distribution: NW-Syria; Lebanon; N-Israel
34 ISR LEB SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias dafnii (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Orchids Israel 91 (2021)
= Serapias levantina subsp. dafnii B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 37(2): 268, 269 (2005)
= Serapias levantina var. dafnii (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 20 (2015)
subspecies :
subsp. feldwegiana
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Black Sea coast); Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia); Turkey (N-Anatolia)
33 GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. orientalis A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 87: 66 (1931) [non S. orientalis (Greuter) Baum. & Künkele 1988)]
= Serapias feldwegiana H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 763, 760 (1989)
= Serapias levantina subsp. feldwegiana (H.Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. levantina
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Levante-Zungenständel
Distribution: Turkey (C-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Cyprus; Syria; Israel; Lebanon
34 CYP ISR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias levantina H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 766 (1989)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. levantina (H.Baumann & Künkele) Véla & Viglione; Acta Bot. Gallica Bot. Lett. 162(4): 281 (2015)
subspecies :
subsp. moreana
H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
Distribution: Greece (Kithira, Zakynthos, Kefalonia, S-Peloponnisos, Kiklades: Kea)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias orientalis var. cordigeroides Nelson; Monogr. Ikonogr. Orchid.-Gatt. Serapias, Aceras, Loroglossum, Barlia 18 (1968)
= Serapias orientalis var. sennii (Renz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88: 35 (2008)
= Serapias sennii Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 238 (1928)
= Serapias vomeracea f. sennii (Renz) Renz; Fl. Aegaea 826 (1943)
= Serapias vomeracea var. cordigeroides (E.Nelson) N.R.Campb. & A.K.Campb.; Willdenowia 16: 54 (1986)
species :
Serapias parviflora
Parl.; Giorn. Sci. Sicilia 59: 66 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. parviflora
Name: Kleinblütiger Zungenständel (DE); Lesser Tongue-orchid (EN); Orquidea gallo menuda (ES)
Distribution: England [I] (SW-England [I]); Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl., Cominotto Isl.); Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (lowlands of C- & S-Greece, many islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife, Gran Canaria); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Cyprus
10 grb 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 34 CYP EAI
Remarks: parviflora agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias elongata Tod.; Hort. Bot. Panorm. 1: 25 (1876)
= Serapias laxiflora Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 13 (1850)
= Serapias laxiflora var. parviflora (Parl.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 13 (1850)
= Serapias lingua subsp. occultata (J.Gay ex Cavalier) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 309 (1894)
= Serapias lingua var. parviflora (Parl.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 156 (1897)
= Serapias longipetala var. parviflora (Parl.) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 378 (1839)
= Serapias occultata f. albiflora E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 65 (1928)
= Serapias occultata f. knochei E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 65 (1928)
= Serapias occultata J.Gay; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 6: 119 (1836) ex Cavalier, Deux Nouv. Esp. s. p. (1848)
= Serapias occultata var. parviflora (Parl.) Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 41 (1893)
= Serapias parviflora f. albiflora (E.G.Camus) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 91 (1931)
= Serapias parviflora f. knochei (E.G.Camus) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 91 (1931)
= Serapias parviflora f. lutescens Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 261 (1930)
= Serapias parviflora f. sulphurea Lanza ex G.Keller; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 91 (1931)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. occultata (J.Gay ex Caval.) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 318 (1959)
= Serapias parviflora var. lutescens (Renz) Kalop.; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 1(2): 55 (1981)
= Serapiastrum parviflorum (Parl.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
variant :
var. ausoniae
(Gennaio & Pellegrino) Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 495 (2024)
Distribution: Italy (S-Apulia)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ausoniae Gennaio & Pellegrino; Phytotaxa 516(2): 166 (2021)
subspecies :
subsp. mascaensis
(H.Kretzschmar, G.Kretzschmar & Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Masca-Zungenständel (DE); Orquidea gallo de Masca (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Hierro, Tenerife, La Palma, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias mascaensis H.Kretzschmar, G.Kretzschmar & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 10(1): 34 (1993)
species :
Serapias perez-chiscanoi
Acedo; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 47(2): 510 (1989 publ. 1990), nom. nov.
Name: Grüner Zungenständel
Distribution: Portugal (Alentejo, Beira Litoral, Algarve); SW-Spain (Cacéres, Badajoz)
12 POR SPA
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. leucoglottis Welw.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Modena 10: 967 (1843)
= Serapias cordigera subvar. leucoglottis (Welw.) E.G.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 1: 85 (1928)
= Serapias cordigera var. leucoglottis (Welw.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 181 (1851)
= Serapias lingua var. leucoglottis Welw. ex J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
= Serapias perez-chiscanoi f. leucoglottis (Welw.) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90: 328 (2009)
= Serapias perez-chiscanoi var. sanvicentei Camello, A.Sánchez & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 12: 170 (2018)
= Serapias viridis Pérez-Chisc.; Monogr. Inst. Piren. Ecol. 4 (Homenaje Pedro Montserrat): 305 (1988), nom. illeg.
species :
Serapias strictiflora
Welw. ex Veiga; Orchideas Portugal 18, tab. 6, fig. 11 (1887)
Name: Steifblütiger Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: S-Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); N-Morocco; N-Algeria; N-Tunisia
12 BAL POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias gracilis Kreutz; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(1): 116 (1989)
= Serapias lingua lusus distenta (Presser) Áng.Sánchez, Garcia Alonso & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 122 (2016)
= Serapias lingua subsp. duriaei (Rchb. ex Batt.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
= Serapias lingua subsp. durieui (Rchb.f. ex Batt. & Trab.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 316 (1931), isonym
= Serapias lingua subsp. durieui (Rchb.f. ex Batt. & Trab.) Rchb.f. ex Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1929)
= Serapias mauretanica Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 37 (1923)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. nova H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 129 (1980)
= Serapias stricta Welw. ex Woods; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 116 (1858), nomen
= Serapias strictiflora lusus sepalina Áng.Sánchez, Garcia Alonso & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 122 (2016)
= Serapias strictiflora var. distenta Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 20(2): 49 (2003 publ. 2004)
variant :
var. elsae
(P.Delforge) C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis ex Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 182 (2007)
Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Remarks: probably with hybridogenous influence of S. lingua
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lingua subsp. elsae (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 137 (2004)
= Serapias elsae P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 106 (2004)
= Serapias strictiflora var. elsae (P.Delforge) C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis; Pl. Syst. Evol. 265(3-4): 172 (176) (2007)
variant :
var. francavillae
(Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz) comb.ined.
Distribution: Sicily (Francavilla di Sicilia)
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias francavillae Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 593 (2009)
species :
Serapias vomeracea
(Burm.f.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 378 (1910)
Name: Pflugschar-Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca); France; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Malta (incl. Gozo Isl.); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (widespread lowlands, incl. most islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Imereti); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos)
11 SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SLV SMA SRB 20 ALG MOR 33 GEO 34 EAI
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine pseudocordigera Sebast.; Roman. Pl. Fasc. Prim. 14, t. 4, f. 1 (1813)
= Orchis lingua All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 148 (1785), nom. illeg.
= Serapias vomeracea f. stenopetala Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 66: 158 (1916), nom. inval.
= Orchis vomeracea Burm.f.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 4(App.): 237 (1770)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. vomeracea (Burm.f.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias hirsuta Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 551 (1813)
= Serapiastrum vomeraceum (Burm.f.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 58: 49 (1913)
variant :
var. guadarramica
(Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 20 (2015)
Distribution: WC-Spain (Sa. da Guadarrama)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. guadarramica Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 209 (2010 publ. 2011)
= Serapias guadarramica (Kreutz) Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 489 (2024)
variant :
var. joaninae
(Reumaux ex Kreutz) comb.ined.
Distribution: SE-France (Var)
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias joaninae Reumaux ex Kreutz; Guide Orchids Europe N. Afr. Middle E. 487 (2024)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. joaninae Reumaux; Bull. Trimestriel Féd. Mycol. Dauphiné-Savoie 114: 21 (1989), designat. typi omissa
variant :
var. longipetala
(Ten.) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 104 (2006)
Distribution: Italy; Pantelleria; Croatia; Albania; W-Greece
13 ALB CRO GRC ITA PTL
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine longipetala Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LIII (1813)
= Lonchitis longipetala Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 52 (1901)
= Serapias cordigera var. longipetala Bertol.; Mém. Soc. Méd. Émul. Genova 3(2): 126 (1804)
= Serapias lancifera St.-Amans; Fl. Agen. [St.-Amans] 378 (1821)
= Serapias longipetala (Ten.) Pollini; Fl. Veron. 3: 30 (1824)
= Serapias longipetala subsp. pallidiflora (Tod. ex Lojac.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 654 (1882)
= Serapias longipetala var. pallidiflora Tod.; Hort. Bot. Panorm. 1: 40, tab. 10 (1876)
= Serapias pseudocordigera (Sebast.) Moric.; Fl. Venet. [Moricand] 374 (1820)
= Serapias pseudocordigera subsp. pallidiflora (Tod.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli] 165 (1894)
= Serapias vomeracea lusus heldreichii Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. flava Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Lett. Bot. 133(3): 280 (1986)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. longipetala (Ten.) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 796 (1989)
= Serapiastrum longipetalum (Ten.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
species :
Serapias ×alberti
E.G.Camus; J. Bot. [Morot] 6: 28 (1892)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias neglecta x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×ambigua
Rouy & E.G.Camus; J. Bot. [Morot] 6: 26 (1892) emend. Rouy 1912 [nothosubsp.]
subspecies :
subsp. ambigua
Distribution: France; Croatia; etc.
12 FRA 13 CRO
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x lingua
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×ambigua f. laramberguei E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. France 13 (1892)
= Serapias ×ambigua var. laramberguei (E.G.Camus) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 13: 191 (1912)
= Serapias ×laramberguei E.G.Camus; J. Bot. [Morot] 6: 27 (1892)
= Serapias ×ambigua var. timbalii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 13: 191 (1912)
subspecies :
subsp. panormosana
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orch. 31(2): 517 (1999) [nothosubsp.]
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Serapias cordigera ssp. cretica x lingua
subspecies :
subsp. sallentina
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58(2): 301 (2015) [nothosubsp.]
Distribution: Italy (Lecce, Sardinia)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×sallentina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias ×athwaghlisia
Kreutz & Rebbas; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 192 (2015), pro spec.
Distribution: Algeria (Kabylia)
20 ALG
Remarks: probably of hybridogenous origin S. parviflora x S. strictiflora
species :
Serapias ×barsellae
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 41 (2015)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x S. parviflora
species :
Serapias ×broeckii
A.Camus; Rivista Sci. 13: 71 (1926)
Distribution: S-France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias parviflora x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×carluccioi
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 122 (2018)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x S. lingua x S. politisii
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×carluccioi Biagioli & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 66(2): 162 (2023), isonym
species :
Serapias ×cortoghianae
M.P.Grasso; GIROS Notiz. 28: 29 (2005)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x nurrica f. chlorantha
species :
Serapias ×cypria
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 812 (1989)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x levantina
species :
Serapias ×debelairii
El Mokni; J. Eur. Orch. 50(1): 69 (2018)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
Remarks: Serapias parviflora x S. strictiflora
species :
Serapias ×demadesii
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 239 (1928)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Ionian Isl.: Kerkyfa)
13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x lingua
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×hutteri Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 245 (2019)
= Serapias ×kelleriana Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 239 (1928)
species :
Serapias ×euxina
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 810 (1989)
Distribution: N-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x orientalis
species :
Serapias ×garganica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 831 (1989)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias orientalis (subsp. apulica) x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×schipae Gennaio & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62: 373 (2019)
= Serapias ×sipontensis Lumare & Medagli; Thalassia Salentina 46: 108 (2024)
species :
Serapias ×godferyi
A.Camus A.Camus; Rivista Sci. 13: 68 (1926) [nothosubsp.]
subspecies :
subsp. godferyi
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x neglecta ssp. neglecta
subspecies :
subsp. gennaioi
(Turco & Medagli) J.M.H.Shaw; Orchid Rev. 122 (1308): 77 (2014) [nothosubsp.]
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x S. neglecta ssp. apulica
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×gennaioi Turco & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 49: 68 (-70) (2012)
species :
Serapias ×guadinae
Lumare, Medagli & Biagioli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 208 (2017), pro spec.
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x S. (vomeracea var.) longipetala
species :
Serapias ×gussonei
Lumare & Medagli; Thalassia Salentina 46: 25 (2024)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x lingua x parviflora
species :
Serapias ×halacsyana
Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Sonderbeih. A: 2: 97 (1931)
Distribution: Greece; Turkey
13 GRC 34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x cordigera
species :
Serapias ×hildae-margaritae
G.Keller; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Sonderbeih. A: 2: 97 (1931)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias neglecta x parviflora
species :
Serapias ×intermedia
Forest. ex F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. France Allem. [F.W.Schultz] 1: 265 (1851)
Distribution: France; Sicily; etc.
12 FRA 13 SIC
Remarks: Serapias lingua x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×hyblaea (Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias ×digenea E.G.Camus; J. Bot. [Morot] 6: 30 (1892)
= Serapias ×forestieri Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 13: 192 (1912)
= Serapias ×grenieri Gren. & Philippe; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 275 (1890)
= Serapias ×grenieri K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 275 (1890)
= Serapias ×intermedia Forest. ex Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 13-14: 13 (1851)
= Serapias ×intermedia nothosubsp. hyblaea Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 41: 595 (2009)
= Serapias ×philippii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 13: 192 (1912)
= Serapias ×semicolumnae E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Iconogr. Orchid. Europe 103 (1927)
species :
Serapias ×kelleri
A.Camus; Rivista Sci. 13: 70 (1926)
Distribution: S-France; Greece
12 FRA 13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×cythereis Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 259 (1930)
species :
Serapias ×liana
F.M.Vázquez, Áng.Sánchez & Garcia Alonso; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 123 (2016)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. maria
species :
Serapias ×lupiensis
Medagli, D´Emerico, Ruggiero & Bianco; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 25(3): 350 (1993)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x politisii
species :
Serapias ×manfredoniae
Lumare & Medagli; Thalassia Salentina 46: 107 (2024)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x orientalis ssp. apulica
species :
Serapias ×marchiorii
Turco & Medagli; Thalassia Salentina 32(1): 146 (2009)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x (x)politisii
species :
Serapias ×oulmesiana
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 821 (1989)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: Serapias lingua x lorenziana
species :
Serapias ×oxyglottis
Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 4: 71 (1805)
Distribution: Italy; etc.
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x neglecta
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine ×oxyglottis (Willd.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 512 (1807)
= Lonchitis ×oxyglottis (Willd.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 52 (1901)
= Serapias lingua subsp. oxyglottis (Willd.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
= Serapias lingua var. oxyglottis (Willd.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 54 (1908)
= Serapias ×meridionalis E.G.Camus; J. Bot. [Morot] 6: 29 (1892)
species :
Serapias ×politisii
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 239 (1928)
Name: Kerkyfa-Zungenständel (DE)
Distribution: Italy; Montenegro; Albania; Greece (rare C- & S-Greece, Kerkyra, Kithira, Sporades, Evvoia, Kiklades: Andros, Tinos, Kea); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Rhodos); SW-Turkey; Cyprus
13 ALB GRC ITA MNT 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: derived from Serapias bergonii x S. parviflora, possibly stabilized
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias aphroditae P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71(3): 113 (1990)
= Serapias bergonii subsp. aphroditae (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
= Serapias bergonii subsp. politisii (Renz) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
= Serapias bergonii var. aphroditae (P.Delforge) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
= Serapias bergonii var. politisii (Renz) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
= Serapias ×mastiana P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 71: 136 (1990)
species :
Serapias ×provincialis
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 819 (1989)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x olbia
species :
Serapias ×pulae
Perko; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 15(2): 25 (1998)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. neglecta ssp. apulica
species :
Serapias ×rainei
E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 62 (1908)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x parviflora
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×alfredii Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 374 (1910)
species :
Serapias ×sitiae
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 112 (1932) [nothosubsp.]
subspecies :
subsp. sitiae
Distribution: Italy; Crete
13 ITA KRI
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. orientalis ssp. orientalis
subspecies :
subsp. aquatinae
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(1): 152 (2016)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. orientalis ssp. apulica
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×aquatinae (Lumare & Medagli) Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 464 (2017), et 61(1): 7 (2018)
species :
Serapias ×sooi
Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 251 (1930)
Distribution: Greece; Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×dickmannii Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 243 (2019)
= Serapias ×fallax nothosubsp. piccinnoi Gennaio, M.Gargiulo & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61: 482, 486 (2018)
= Serapias ×fallax nothovar. piccinnoi (Gennaio, M.Gargiulo & Chetta) Biagioli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 66(2): 163 (2023)
= Serapias ×fallax Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Sonderbeih. A: 2: 99 (1931)
species :
Serapias ×todaroi
Tineo; Pl. Rar. Sicil., ed. 2: 1: 12 (1846)
Distribution: Sardinia; Sicily; ?Croatia
12 SAR 13 SIC
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. parviflora
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×cyrnosardoa (R.Lorenz, Giotta, A.Manca & Piccitto) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias ×semilingua E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 63 (1908)
= Serapias ×todaroi nothosubsp. cyrnosardoa R.Lorenz, Giotta, A.Manca & Piccitto; J. Eur. Orch. 47: 252 (2015)
species :
Serapias ×venhuisia
F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 209 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x S. perez-chiscanoi
species :
Serapias ×walravensiana
P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 78(3): 186 (1997)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias carica x lingua
species :
Serapias ×watersii
Gennaio, M.Gargiulo & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61: 504 (2018)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias politisii x S. vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×wettsteinii
H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 74: 190 (1925) [nothosubsp.]
subspecies :
subsp. wettsteinii
Distribution: Greece; Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x S. orientalis ssp. orientalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias laxiflora f. wettsteinii (H.Fleischm.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
subspecies :
subsp. frigolae
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(1): 153 (2016) [nothosubsp.]
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x S. orientalis ssp. apulica
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×frigolae (Lumare & Medagli) Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61: 8 (2018)
= Serapias ×frigolae nothosubsp. nelsonii Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61: 8 (2018)
= Serapias ×nelsonii (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 66(2): 163 (2023)
subspecies :
subsp. halicarnassia
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskreises Heimische Orchideen 21(3): 815 (1989) [nothosubsp.]
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x orientalis ssp. carica
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×halicarnassia (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 76(3): 192 (1995)
