125.0000
Family
Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30811; hybrids: 1279
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl.: 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl.: 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam.: 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat.: 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., ser. 4, sect. B Adansonia 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot.: 73 (1835)
125.4308
Genus
Serapias L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 949 (1753)
Distribution: Azores, Europe, Mediterranean, 1 to Caucasus. The species concept in Serapias is highly controversial.
Species listed in database: 20; hybrids: 32
= Isias De Not.; Mem. Acc. Sc. Torin. Ser. II, 6: 413 (1844)
= Lonchitis Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 50 (1901)
= Serapiastrum A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 21: 67 (1908)
species :
Serapias athwaghlisia
Kreutz & Rebbas; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 31(2): 192 (2015)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Serapias ausoniae
Gennaio & Pellegrino; Phytotaxa 516(2): 166 (2021)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Serapias bergonii
E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orch. 61 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. bergonii
Name: Griechischer Zungenständel (DE); Greek Plowshare (EN)
Distribution: Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); Greece (incl. Kyklades); European Turkey; Albania; Malta; Montenegro; Macedonia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Sicily; Italy; Cyprus; Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (including Rhodos, Karpathos, Chalki, Nisyros, Tilos)
13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC TUE 34 CYP EAI TUR
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Orchis lingua All.; Fl. Pedem. 2: 148 (1785)
= Serapias columnae (Rchb.f.) H.Fleischm.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 75: 190 (1925)
= Serapias columnae (Rchb.f.) Lojac.; Fl. Sic. 3: 32 (1909)
= Serapias columnae Aunier ex Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13/14: 13 (1851)
= Serapias cordigera Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 367 (1844)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. laxiflora (Soó) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias cordigera var. curvifolia J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 49 (1887)
= Serapias cordigera var. leucantha J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 49 (1887)
= Serapias cordigera var. longipetala Bertol.; Pl. Gen. 126 (1804)
= Serapias hellenica Renz; Fedde, Repert. 25: 230 (1928)
= Serapias laxiflora Chaub.; Bory & Chaub., Nouv. Fl. Pelop. 62 (1838) [nom. illeg.]
= Serapias laxiflora subsp. hellenica (Renz) Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 27: 210 (1929)
= Serapias laxiflora var. columnae Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13/14: 13 (1851)
= Serapias lingua Bertol.; Amoen. Ital. 292 (1819) non L.
= Serapias lingua var. cordigera (L.) Savi; Fl. Pis. 2: 304 (1798)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. columnae (Rchb.f.) Soó; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 2: 91 (1931)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. hellenica (Renz) Soó
= Serapias parviflora subsp. laxiflora Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
= Serapias parviflora var. columnae Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 3: 779 (1907)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. columnae (Rchb.f.) H.Sund.; Landwehr, Wilde Orch. Eur. 2: 360 (1977)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. laxiflora (Soó) Gölz & H.R.Reinhard; Orchidee 28 (3): 114 (1977)
subspecies :
subsp. aphroditae
(P.Delforge) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
Distribution: SW-Turkey; Cyprus; East Aegaean Isl.
34 CYP EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias aphroditae P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 71 (3): 113 (1990)
= Serapias bergonii var. aphroditae (P.Delforge) H.Baumann & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. cilentana
Presser; J. Eur. Orch. 39(1): 95 (2007)
Distribution: Italy (Cilento)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias bergonii f. cilentana (Presser) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 248 (2007)
= Serapias cilentana (Presser) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 20 (2015), isonym
= Serapias cilentana (Presser) Presser; J. Eur. Orch. 44(3): 620 (2012)
subspecies :
subsp. politisii
(Renz) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 103 (2006)
Name: Korfu-Zungenstendel
Distribution: Greece (incl. Ionian Isl.: Korfu, Kyklades); Italy; Montenegro; Albania
13 ALB GRC ITA MNT
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias bergonii var. politisii (Renz) H.Baumann & Lorenz; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
= Serapias politisii Renz; Fedde, Repert. 25: 239 (1928), pro hybr.
species :
Serapias cordigera
L.; Sp. Pl. ed. II, 1345 (1763)
subspecies :
subsp. cordigera
Name: Herzförmiger Zungenstendel
Distribution: Greece; European Turkey; Albania; Serbia & Kosovo; Montenegro; Macedonia; +Malta; Sicily; Italy; Sardinia; Corsica; Baleares; Spain; Portugal; France; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel, Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial); Algeria; Morocco; Tunisia; SW-Turkey; East Aegaean Isl.
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB TUE 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine cordigera (L.) Pers.; Syn. 2: 512 (1807)
= Lonchitis cordigera Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 50 (1901)
= Serapias glabra Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyren. 552 (1813)
= Serapias ovalis Rich.; Orch. Eur. Annot. (Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 4: 54: 1818) 32 (1817)
= Serapiastrum cordigerum (L.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. azorica
(Schltr.) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 33 (1927)
Distribution: Azores (widespread)
21 AZO
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias azorica Schltr.; Fedde, Repert. 19: 44 (1923) (Acores (San Miguel))
= Serapias atlantica D. & U.Rückbr.; J. Eur. Orchid. 26 (1): 73 (1994)
subspecies :
subsp. cossyrensis
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
Distribution: Pantelleria Isl.
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cossyrensis B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orchid. 31 (2), 502 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. cretica
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orchid. 31 (2): 510, 509 (1999)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera var. cretica (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 252 (2004)
subspecies :
subsp. gentilii
C.Venhuis, P.Venhuis & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 128 (2007)
Distribution: S-Portugal (Algarve)
12 POR
subspecies :
subsp. lorenziana
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
Name: Marokkanischer Zungenstendel
Distribution: Morocco (Casablanca, to, Oulmes, very rare)
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias vomeracea var. mauritanica E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orch. 51 (1908)
= Serapias cordigera var. mauritanica (E.G.Camus) Nelson; Icon. Orchid. Eur. 24 (1968)
= Serapias lorenziana H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 775, 770 (1989)
= Serapias cordigera var. mauritanica (E.G.Camus) E.Nelson ex P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 92(Orchid. 24): 203 (2011)
subspecies :
subsp. lucana
R.Lorenz & V.A.Romano; J. Eur. Orch. 46(3/4): 633 (2014)
Distribution: Italy (Basilicata)
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lucana (R.Lorenz & V.A.Romano) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
subspecies :
subsp. patmia
(M.Hirth & H.Spaeth) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 136 (2004)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Patmos, Leipsoi)
34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias patmia M.Hirth & H.Spaeth; J. Eur. Orchid. 26 (34): 442, 440 (1994)
species :
Serapias francavillae
Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 593 (2009)
Distribution: Sicily (Francavilla di Sicilia)
13 SIC
Remarks: of hybridogenic origin, very small population, status doubtful
species :
Serapias guadinae
Lumare, Medagli & Biagioli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 208 (2017)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Serapias lingua
L.; Sp. Pl. 950 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. lingua
Name: Echter Zungenstendel
Distribution: Crete; Greece (incl. Kyklades); Albania; Serbia & Kosovo; Montenegro; Macedonia; Croatia; Malta; Sicily; Italy; Sardinia; Corsica; Baleares; Spain; Portugal; France; Tunisia; Algeria; Morocco
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine leucoglottis (Pers.) Steud.; Nom. ed. I, 398 (1821)
= Helleborine lingua (L.) Pers.; Syn. 2: 512 (1807)
= Orchis lingua (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. II, 2: 187 (1772)
= Serapias brevibracteata St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 134 (1880)
= Serapias excavata Schltr.; Fedde, Repert. 19: 38 (1923)
= Serapias hirsuta Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyren. 551 (1813)
= Serapias hirsuta var. reichenbachiana Rouy; Fl. France 13: 188 (1912)
= Serapias lingua subsp. duriaei (Rchb. ex Batt.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
= Serapias lingua subsp. excavata (Schltr.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1928)
= Serapias lingua subsp. veneris Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., Lett. Bot. 133 (3): 279 (1986)
= Serapias lingua var. duriaei Rchb. ex Batt.; Fl. Alger 190 (1884)
= Serapias lingua var. excavata (Schltr.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 209 (1935)
= Serapias lingua var. flavescens Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., Lett. Bot. 133 (3): 280 (1986)
= Serapias lingua var. hirsuta Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 598 (1842)
= Serapias lingua var. leucantha J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
= Serapias lingua var. longibracteata Hoschédé; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 13: 20 (1903)
= Serapias lingua var. longibracteata J.A.Guim.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 5: 53 (1887)
= Serapias lingua var. rubescens Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., Lett. Bot. 133 (3): 280 (1986)
= Serapiastrum lingua (L.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. oranensis
Kreutz, Ait-Hamm., Babali, Miara & Rebbas; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 30(2): 260 (2013)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
subspecies :
subsp. stenopetala
(Maire & T.Stephenson) Maire & A.Weiller; Fl. Afrique N.. 6: 318 (1959)
Distribution: Algeria; ?Morocco; Spain; Portugal
12 POR SPA 20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×stenopetala Maire & T.Stephenson; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 21: 48 (1930)
subspecies :
subsp. tunetana
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(4): 927 (2005)
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lingua f. tunetana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 88(Orchid. 20): 248 (2007)
= Serapias tunetana (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) El Mokni, Domina, Boutabia & Kreutz; J. Eur. Orch. 53(1): 23 (2021)
species :
Serapias maria
F.M.Vázquez; Jour. Eur. Orch. 40(4): 701 (2008)
Distribution: W-Spain (Extremadura)
12 SPA
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
species :
Serapias neglecta
De Not.; Repert. Fl. Ligust. 423 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. neglecta
Name: Verkannter Zungenstendel
Distribution: NW-Italy (incl. Elba Isl.); Sardinia; Corsica; S-France
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Isias triloba De Not.; Mem. Acc. Sc. Torin. Ser. II, 6: 413 (1844)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. neglecta (De Not.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. 1: 274 (1890)
= Serapias cordigera var. neglecta (De Not.) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 239 (1898)
= Serapiastrum neglectum A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. ionica
E.Nelson; Monogr. Serapias 20 (1968)
Name: Ionischer Zungenstendel
Distribution: Greece; Croatia; ?Montenegro
13 CRO GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ionica (E.Nelson) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20 (3): 625 (1988)
= Serapias neglecta subsp. ionica (E.Nelson ex Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & Lorenz; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. istriaca
(Perko) H.Baumann & Lorenz; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
Distribution: S-Croatia (Istria)
13 CRO
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias istriaca Perko; Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 15 (2): 24 (1998)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. istriaca (Perko) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 139 (2004)
species :
Serapias nurrica
Corrias; Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat., 21: 397 (1982)
Name: Nurra-Zungenstendel
Distribution: Sardinia; SE-Corsica; S-Italy; Sicily; Baleares (Menorca); Tunisia (La Galite Isl.)
12 BAL COR SAR 13 ITA SIC 20 TUN
Remarks: parviflora agg.
Conservation Status: IUCN R
variant :
var. alba
Senis, Orrù & M.P.Grasso; GIROS Notiz. 39: 12 (2008)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
variant :
var. santuingensis
Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù; GIROS Notiz. 37: 15 (2008)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias nurrica subsp. santuingensis (Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù) Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù; GIROS Notiz. 48: 30 (2011)
= Serapias santuingensis (Senis, M.P.Grasso & Orrù) Biagioli, Kreutz, Licheri, Orrù & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias occidentalis
C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 63(2): 138 (2006)
Distribution: SW-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: status to be verified
species :
Serapias olbia
Verg.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 54: 599 (1908)
Name: Cote-d´Azur-Zungenstendel
Distribution: SE-France (Cote d´Azur)
12 FRA
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. olbia (Verg.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias vomeracea var. olbia (Verg.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 209 (1935)
= Serapias vomeracea var. olbia (Verg.) Schltr.; Monogr. Iconogr. Orchid. Eur. 1: 136 (1926)
species :
Serapias orientalis
(Greuter) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 20 (3): 636 (1988)
subspecies :
subsp. orientalis
Name: Orientalischer Zungenstendel
Distribution: Crete (incl. Gavdos Isl.); Greece (Kithira, S-Peloponnes); Italy; East Aegaean Isl. (including Karpathos, Nisyros, Pserimos, Tilos)
13 GRC ITA KRI 34 EAI
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cordigera subsp. orientalis (Nelson) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. orientalis Greuter; Florist. Rep. Cretan Area 19 (1972)
= Serapias orientalis var. cordigeroides Nelson; Monogr. Serapias 18 (1968)
= Serapias vomeracea var. cordigeroides (Nelson) N.R. & A.K.Campb.; Willdenowia 16 (1): 54 (1986)
variant :
var. spaethiae
P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 90(Orchid.22): 185 (2009)
Distribution: Greece (Kos)
13 GRC
subspecies :
subsp. moreana
H.Baumann & Lorenz; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 731 (2005)
Distribution: Greece (Kythira, Zakynthos, Kephallonia, S-Peloponnisos, Kyklades: Kea)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias orientalis var. sennii P.Delforge; (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. apulica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 779 (1989)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias apulica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 71 (3): 110 (1990)
= Serapias apulica subsp. brundisina Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 47 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. messapica Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 48 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. neretina Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 60(1): 46 (2017)
= Serapias apulica subsp. uxentina Gennaio; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 350 (2017)
= Serapias brundisina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias messapica (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias neglecta subsp. apulica (Nelson) Landwehr; Wilde Orchid. Eur. 2: 364 (1977)
= Serapias neretina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
= Serapias uxentina (Gennaio) Biagioli, Kreutz, Gennaio & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 152 (2022)
variant :
var. siciliensis
(Bartolo & Pulv.) P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 81 (4): 398 (2000)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias orientalis subsp. siciliensis Bartolo & Pulv.; Candollea 48 (1): 232 (1993)
= Serapias siciliensis (Bartolo & Pulv.) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 152 (2022)
subspecies :
subsp. carica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 782 (1989)
Name: Karischer Zungenständel (DE); Carian Plowshare (EN)
Distribution: SW-Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos, Samos, Lesvos, Tilos)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias carica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Guide Orchidées Eur., Afr. Nord & Proche-Or. 209 (1994)
= Serapias orientalis var. carica (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 34 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. cycladum
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Kykladen-Zungenstendel
Distribution: Greece (Kikládhes, Andros)
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias carica var. monantha P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 80 (3): 419 (1999)
= Serapias cycladum H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 755 (1989)
= Serapias orientalis var. monantha (P.Delforge) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 34 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. dafnii
(B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Eurorchis 17: 110-111 (2005)
Distribution: Lebanon
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias levantina subsp. dafnii B.Baumann & H.Baumann; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(2): 268, 269 (2005)
= Serapias levantina var. dafnii (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 20 (2015)
= Serapias dafnii (B.Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz; Orchids Israel 91 (2021)
subspecies :
subsp. feldwegiana
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Türkischer Zungenstendel
Distribution: N-Turkey; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)
33 GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias feldwegiana H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 763, 760 (1989)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. orientalis A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 87: 66 (1931) [non S. orientalis (Greuter) Baum. & Künkele 1988)]
= Serapias levantina subsp. feldwegiana (H.Baumann & Künkele) H.Baumann & Lorenz; Jour. Eur. Orch. 37(3): 730 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. levantina
(H.Baumann & Künkele) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Levante-Zungenstendel
Distribution: Turkey; Syria; Cyprus; Israel
34 CYP ISR SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias levantina H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 766 (1989)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. levantina (H.Baumann & Künkele) Véla & Viglione; Acta Bot. Gallica Bot. Lett. 162(4): 281 (2015)
species :
Serapias parviflora
Parl.; Giorn. Sc. Lett. Sicil. 59: 66 (1837)
subspecies :
subsp. parviflora
Name: Kleinblütiger Zungenständel (DE); Small-flowered Tongue-orchid (EN); Orquidea gallo menuda (ES)
Distribution: Crete; Greece (incl. Kyklades); Albania; Serbia & Kosovo; Montenegro; Macedonia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Croatia; Malta (incl. Gozo, Comino Isl., Cominotto Isl.); Sicily; Italy; Sardinia; Corsica; Baleares; Spain; Gibraltar; Portugal; France; Tunisia; Algeria; Morocco; Canary Isl. (Hierro, La Palma, Tenerife, Gran Canaria); East Aegaean Isl. (including Rhodos, Karpathos, Tilos); Cyprus
12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT MNT NMA SIC SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 34 CYP EAI
Remarks: parviflora agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias elongata Tod.; Hort. bot. Panorm. (1886 publ. 1888) 25, t. 7
= Serapias laxiflora Rchb. f. [Icon.Fl.Germ.13-14: 13 (1851)]
= Serapias laxiflora var. parviflora (Parl.) Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13/14: 13 (1851)
= Serapias lingua subsp. occultata (J.Gay ex Cavalier) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 309 (1894)
= Serapias lingua var. parviflora (Parl.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 156 (1897)
= Serapias longipetala var. parviflora (Parl.) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 378 (1839)
= Serapias occultata J.Gay; Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, 6: 119 (1836) ex Cavalier, Deux Nouv. Esp. s. p. (1848)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. occultata (J.Gay ex Caval.) Maire & Weiller; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 318 (1959)
= Serapias parviflora var. lutescens (Renz) Kalop.; Bot. Chronika, 1 (2): 55 (1981)
= Serapiastrum parviflorum (Parl.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. mascaensis
(H. & G.Kretzschmar & Kreutz) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 138 (2004)
Name: Masca-Zungenständel (DE); Orquidea gallo de Masca (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Hierro, Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias mascaensis H. & G.Kretzschmar & Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 10 (1): 34 (1993)
species :
Serapias perez-chiscanoi
Acedo; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid, 47 (2): 510 (1989 publ. 1990), nom. nov.
Name: Grüner Zungenstendel
Distribution: SW-Spain (Extremadura); Portugal
12 POR SPA
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias viridis Pérez-Chisc.; Homenaje Pedro Montserrat (Monogr. Inst. Pirenaico Ecol. (Jaca), 4): 305 (1988)
variant :
var. sanvicentei
Camello, A.Sánchez & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 12: 170 (2018)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Serapias strictiflora
Welw. ex Veiga; Orchid. Portug. 18, tab. 6, fig. 11 (1886)
subspecies :
subsp. strictiflora
Name: Steifblütiger Zungenstendel
Distribution: Spain; Portugal (S-Iberia); Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); Morocco; Algeria
12 BAL POR SPA 20 ALG MOR
Remarks: lingua agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias gracilis Kreutz; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (1): 116 (1989)
= Serapias lingua var. durieui Rchb.f. ex Batt. & Trab.; Fl. Alger. 190 (1884)
= Serapias lingua subsp. durieui (Rchb.f. ex Batt. & Trab.) Rchb.f. ex Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1929)
= Serapias lingua subsp. durieui (Rchb.f. ex Batt. & Trab.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique Nord 22: 316 (1931)
= Serapias mauretanica Schltr.; Fedde, Repert. 19: 37 (1923)
= Serapias stricta Welw. ex Woods; J. Linn. Soc. 2: 116 (1858)
= Serapias parviflora subsp. nova H.Sund.; Eur. Medit. Orch. ed. 3: 129 (1980)
= Serapias strictiflora ¿lusus sepalina Áng.Sánchez, Garcia Alonso & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 122 (2016)
variant :
var. distenta
Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 20(2): 49 (2003 publ. 2004)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias lingua ¿lusus distenta (Presser) Áng.Sánchez, Garcia Alonso & F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 122 (2016)
variant :
var. elsae
(P.Delforge) C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis ex Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 182 (2007)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias elsae P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 85 (Orchid. 17): 106 (2004)
= Serapias lingua subsp. elsae (P.Delforge) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 137 (2004)
= Serapias strictiflora var. elsae (P.Delforge) C.Venhuis & P.Venhuis; Pl. Syst. Evol. 265(3-4): 172 (176) (2007)
subspecies :
subsp. gregaria
(Godfery) Kreutz; Kompend. Eur. Orchid. 139 (2004)
Distribution: SE-France
12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias gregaria Godfery; J. Bot. 59: 241 (1921) [pro hybr.
= Serapias olbia var. gregaria (Godfery) E.Nelson; Monogr. Serapias 30 (1962)
= Serapias nurrica subsp. argensii Martine & Gerbaud; L´Orchidophile (130): 10-22 (1998)
species :
Serapias todaroi
Tineo; Pl. Rar. Sicil. 1: 12 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. todaroi
Distribution: Sicily; ?Croatia
13 SIC
subspecies :
subsp. cyrnosardoa
R.Lorenz, Giotta, A.Manca & Piccitto; J. Eur. Orch. 47(1): 252 (2015)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias cyrnosardoa (R.Lorenz, Giotta, A.Manca & Piccitto) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias vomeracea
(Burm.f.) Briq.; Prod. Fl. Corse 1: 378 (1910)
subspecies :
subsp. vomeracea
Name: Pflugschar-Zungenstendel
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Imereti); France; Albania; Serbia & Kosovo; Montenegro; Macedonia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Slovenia; Croatia; Malta (incl. Gozo Isl.); Sicily; Italy; San Marino; Corsica; Baleares (Mallorca); Spain; Portugal; France; Switzerland; Greece (Kyklades); Algeria; Morocco; East Aegaean Isl. (including Tilos)
11 SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA MLT MNT NMA SIC SLV SMA SRB 20 ALG MOR 33 GEO 34 EAI
Remarks: vomeracea agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Orchis vomeracea Burm. f. [Nov.Act.Nat.Cur.4: App., 237 (1770)]
= Serapias cordigera subsp. vomeracea (Burm.f.) H.Sund.; Europ. Medit. Orchid., ed. 3: 39 (1980)
= Serapiastrum vomeraceum (Burm.f.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 58: 49 (1913)
= Helleborine pseudocordigera Sebast.; Rom. Pl. fasc. 1: 14, t. 4. f. 1 (1813)
variant :
var. longipetala
(Ten.) Kreutz; Orchidee (Hamburg) 57(1): 104 (2006)
Distribution: N-Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine longipetala Ten.; Fl. Neap. Prod. 53 (1811)
= Lonchitis longipetala Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 52 (1901)
= Serapias cordigera subsp. longipetala Ten.
= Serapias lancifera St.-Amans; Fl. Agen. 378 (1818)
= Serapias longipetala (Ten.) Pollini; Fl. Veron. 3: 30 (1824)
= Serapias longipetala subsp. pallidiflora (Tod. ex Lojac.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. 654 (1882)
= Serapias longipetala var. pallidiflora Tod.; Hort. Bot. Panorm. 1: 40, tab. 10 (1876)
= Serapias orientalis var. sennii (Renz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 35 (2008)
= Serapias pallidiflora Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 3: 32 (1908 publ. 1909)
= Serapias pseudocordigera (Sebast.) Moric.; Fl. Venet. 374 (1820)
= Serapias pseudocordigera subsp. pallidiflora (Tod.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. ed. 2: 165 (1894)
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. brachyantha Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 13-14: t. CCCCXLII, f. 1 (1851)
= Serapias pseudocordigera var. laxiflora Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 689 (1882)
= Serapias sennii Renz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 25: 238 (1928)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. flava Balayer; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., Lett. Bot. 133 (3): 280 (1986)
= Serapias vomeracea subsp. longipetala (Ten.) H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 796 (1989)
= Serapiastrum longipetalum (Ten.) A.A.Eaton; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 21: 67 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. artemisiae
W.Hahn, Kreutz & Passin; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 24(1): 134 (2007)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias vomeracea f. artemisiae (W.Hahn, Kreutz & Passin) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 89(Orchid. 21): 251 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. guadarramica
Kreutz; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 27(2): 209 (2010 publ. 2011)
Distribution: WC-Spain (Sa. da Guadarrama)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias vomeracea var. guadarramica (Kreutz) P.Delforge; Naturalistes Belges 96(Orchid. 28): 20 (2015)
species :
Serapias ×alberti
E.G.Camus; J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 28 (1892)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias neglecta x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×ambigua
Rouy & Camus; J. Bot. (Paris) 6: 26 (1892) emend. Rouy 1912 [nothossp.]
subspecies :
subsp. ambigua
Distribution: France; Croatia; etc.
12 FRA 13 CRO
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x lingua
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×laramberguei E.G.Camus; J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 27 (1892)
subspecies :
subsp. panormosana
B.Baumann & H.Baumann; J. Eur. Orchid. 31 (2): 517 (1999) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: Serapias cordigera ssp. cretica x lingua
subspecies :
subsp. sallentina
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58(2): 301 (2015)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias sallentina (Lumare & Medagli) Biagioli, Kreutz, Lumare, Medagli & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias ×barsellae
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 58: 41 (2015)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×broeckii
A.Camus; Riv. Scient. 13: 71 (1926)
Distribution: S-France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias parviflora x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×carluccioi
Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 122 (2018)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×cypria
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 812 (1989)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x levantina
species :
Serapias ×cythereis
Renz; Fedde, Repert. 28: 259 (1930)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x longipetala
species :
Serapias ×debelairii
El Mokni; J. Eur. Orch. 50(1): 69 (2018)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
species :
Serapias ×demadesii
Renz; Fedde, Repert. 25: 239 (1928)
Distribution: NW-Greece (Ionian Isl.: Korfu)
13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x lingua
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×kelleriana Renz; Fedde, Repert. 25: 239 (1928)
species :
Serapias ×dickmannii
Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 243 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×euxina
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 810 (1989)
Distribution: N-Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x feldwegiana
species :
Serapias ×garganica
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 831 (1989)
Distribution: S-Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias orientalis x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×gennaioi
Turco & Medagli; GIROS Notiz. 49: 68 (-70) (2012)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias godferyi subsp. gennaioi (Turco & Medagli) J.M.H.Shaw; Orchid Rev. 122(1308): 77 (2014)
species :
Serapias ×godferyi
A.Camus; Riv. Scient. 13: 68 (1926)
Distribution: France; Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x neglecta
species :
Serapias ×halacsyana
Soó; Fedde, Repert. Sonderbeih. A. 2: 97 (1931)
Distribution: Greece; Turkey
13 GRC 34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x cordigera
species :
Serapias ×hildae-margaritae
G.Keller; Fedde, Repert. Sonderbeih. A. 2: 97 (1931)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias neglecta x parviflora
species :
Serapias ×hutteri
Presser; Ber. Arbeitskreis. Heimische Orchid. 36(1): 245 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×intermedia
Forest. ex Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. 13-14: 13 (1851)
Distribution: France; Sicily
12 FRA 13 SIC
Remarks: Serapias lingua x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×digenea E.G.Camus; J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 30 (1892)
= Serapias ×forestieri Rouy; Fl. France 13: 192 (1912)
= Serapias ×grenieri Gren. & Philippe; Pl. Eur. 1: 275 (1890)
= Serapias ×philippi Rouy; Fl. France 13: 192 (1912)
= Serapias intermedia subsp. hyblaea Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz; J. Eur. Orch. 41(3/4): 595 (2009)
= Serapias hyblaea (Cristaudo, Galesi & R.Lorenz) Biagioli, Kreutz & De Simoni; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 65(2): 151 (2022)
species :
Serapias ×kelleri
A.Camus; Riv. Scient. 13: 70 (1926)
Distribution: S-France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x vomeracea
species :
Serapias ×liana
F.M.Vázquez, Áng.Sánchez & Garcia Alonso; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 10: 123 (2016)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Serapias ×lupiensis
Medagli, D´Emerico, Ruggiero & Bianco; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 25 (3): 350 (1993)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x politisii
species :
Serapias ×mastiana
P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 71 (3): 136 (1990)
Distribution: Cyprus
34 CYP
Remarks: Serapias aphroditae x hellenica
species :
Serapias ×oulmesiana
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 821 (1989)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Remarks: Serapias lingua x lorenziana
species :
Serapias ×oxyglottis
Willd.; Sp. Pl. 4: 71 (1805)
Distribution: Italy; etc.
13 ITA
Remarks: Serapias lingua x neglecta
Synonyms: hidden
= Helleborine oxyglottis var. leucoglottis Pers.
= Helleborine ×oxyglottis (Willd.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. 2: 512 (1807)
= Lonchitis ×oxyglottis (Willd.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 52 (1901)
= Serapias lingua subsp. oxyglottis (Willd.) Soó; Bot. Arch. 23: 85 (1929)
= Serapias lingua var. oxyglottis (Willd.) E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orchid. 54 (1908)
= Serapias oxyglottis var. pallescens Mutel; Fl. Franc. Herbor. 3: 255 (1836)
= Serapias ×meridionalis E.G.Camus; J. Bot. (Morot) 6: 29 (1892)
species :
Serapias ×provincialis
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 819 (1989)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x olbia
species :
Serapias ×pulae
Perko; Ber. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. 15 (2): 25 (1998)
Distribution: Croatia
13 CRO
Remarks: Serapias istriaca x lingua
species :
Serapias ×rainei
E.G.Camus; Monogr. Orch. 62 (1908)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Serapias cordigera x parviflora
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×alfredii Briq.; Prod. Fl. Corse 1: 374 (1910)
species :
Serapias ×schipae
Gennaio & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 373 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×sitiae
Renz; Fedde, Repert. 30: 112 (1932)
Distribution: Crete; Italy
13 ITA KRI
Remarks: Serapias lingua x orientalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×sitiae ¿nsubsp. aquatinae Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(1): 152 (2016)
= Serapias ×aquatinae (Lumare & Medagli) Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 464 (2017), et 61(1): 7 (2018)
species :
Serapias ×sooi
Renz; Fedde, Repert. 28: 251 (1930)
Distribution: Greece; Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x vomeracea
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×fallax Soó; Fedde, Repert. Sonderbeih. A. 2: 99 (1931)
= Serapias ×fallax ¿nothosubsp. piccinnoi Gennaio, Gargiulo & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(2): 482, 486 (2018)
species :
Serapias ×venhuisia
F.M.Vázquez; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 3: 209 (2009)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Serapias ×walravensiana
P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 78 (3): 186 (1997)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Remarks: Serapias carica x lingua
species :
Serapias ×watersii
Gennaio, Gargiulo & Chetta; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 456 (2017), et 61(2): 504 (2018)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Serapias ×wettsteinii
H.Fleischm.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 74: 190 (1925) [nothossp.]
subspecies :
subsp. wettsteinii
Distribution: Crete; Greece
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x orientalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×frigolae (Lumare & Medagli) Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 464 (2017), et GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 61(1): 8 (2018)
= Serapias ×frigolae ¿nothosubsp. nelsonii Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 60(2): 467 (2017), et 61(1): 8 (2018)
= Serapias ×wettsteinii ¿nothosubsp. frigolae Lumare & Medagli; GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 59(1): 153 (2016)
subspecies :
subsp. halicarnassia
H.Baumann & Künkele; Mitt. Arbeitskr. Heim. Orch. Baden-Württemberg 21 (3): 815 (1989) [nothossp.]
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Remarks: Serapias bergonii x orientalis ssp. carica
Synonyms: hidden
= Serapias ×halicarnassia (H.Baumann & Künkele) P.Delforge; Nat. Belg. 76 (3): 192 (1995)
