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465.0000 Family Apiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 21 (1836), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 460 - 480 genera, ca. 3900 spp. Phylogeny still partially incomplete, taken from recent partial revisions (Downie et al. etc.), and Clarkson et al. (2021) who do cover only 290 genera. Genus circumscriptions mostly following Kubitzki (ed., 2018)
Species listed in database: 3909; hybrids: 17
= Actinotaceae Konstant. & Melikyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 90: 1763 (2005)
= Ammiaceae Bercht. & C.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Angelicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 29 (1820)
= Bupleuraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Caucalidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Coriandraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 783, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Daucaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 183 (1820)
= Eryngiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Ferulaceae Sacc.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 214 (1872)
= Imperatoriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 328 (1820)
= Lagoeciaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Mackinlayaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: lii (2001)
= Pastinacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 457 (1820)
= Pimpinellaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Saniculaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Scandicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Selinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Sileraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Smyrniaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Umbelliferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 218 (1789), nom. cons.
465.8215 Genus Sium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 251 (1753)
Distribution: Holarctic. The genus is probably still polyphyletic.
Species listed in database: 10
= Sion Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 498 (1763)
= Sisarum Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 357 (1899), nom. illeg.
= Sisarum Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4: s. p. (1754)
= Siumis Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 31 (1838)
species :
Sium carsonii Durand ex A.Gray; Manual [A.Gray], ed. 5: 196 (1867)
Name: Carson´s waterparsnip
Distribution: USA (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island)
75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apium carsonii (Durand ex A.Gray) Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl. 140 (1870)
= Drepanophyllum carsonii (Durand ex A.Gray) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 28: 183 (1914 publ. 1915)
species :
Sium crispulifolium (H.Boissieu) Jing Zhou; Phytotaxa 487(2): 157-163 (2021)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Pimpinella crispulifolia H.Boissieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 56: 354 (1909)
species :
Sium latifolium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 251 (1753)
Name: Breitblättriger Merk (DE), Greater Water-parsnip (EN)
Distribution: England (England, +Wales, +Scotland); Ireland (Ireland); Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl. [I]; ?Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare N-Greece); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altay, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Chile [I] (Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE nor SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO SWI 12 cis FRA SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 GEO NCS 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Cicuta latifolia (L.) Crantz; Cl. Umbell. Emend. 97 (1767)
= Coriandrum latifolium (L.) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. Fasc. 3: 101 (1767)
= Drepanophyllum latifolium (L.) Koso-Pol.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 14: 141 (1913)
= Drepanophyllum palustre Hoffm.; Syll. Pl. Umbell. 110 (1814)
= Pimpinella latifolia (L.) Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 148 (1812)
= Selinum sium E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 31 (1904), nom. illeg.
= Sisarum germanorum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 248 (1866)
= Sisarum macrophyllum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 248 (1866)
= Sisarum palustre Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 2: 357 (1899)
= Sium aquaticum Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 259 (1844), nom. inval.
= Sium berula J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 482 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Sium lancifolium Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 556 (1789)
= Sium latifolium f. angustatum (Döll) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1221 (1926)
= Sium latifolium f. incisum (Rouy & E.G.Camus) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1221 (1926)
= Sium latifolium f. longifolium (Fr.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1222 (1926)
= Sium latifolium f. subcordatum (Čelak.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1221 (1926)
= Sium latifolium f. subcrenatum (Beck) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1221 (1926)
= Sium latifolium f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse, Teil 3: 407 (1911)
= Sium latifolium f. terrestre Glück; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 39(2): 362 (1923)
= Sium latifolium var. angustatum Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 3: 1007 (1862)
= Sium latifolium var. grandifolium N.Coleman; Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Peninsula Michigan 17 (1874)
= Sium latifolium var. longifolium (Presl) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 478 (1832)
= Sium latifolium var. longifolium Fr.; Fl. Hall. 52 (1819)
= Sium latissimum Boreau; Fl. Centre France [Boreau], éd. 3, 2: 274 (1857)
= Sium longifolium J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Čech. 65 (1819), nom. illeg.
= Sium palustre Wender.; Fl. Hassiaca [Wenderoth] 74 (1846), nom. illeg.
= Sium sulcatum Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 316 (1805)
species :
Sium medium Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 9: 19 (1843)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Herat, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Baluchistan); W-Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Sium latijugum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 683 (1879)
= Drepanophyllum medium (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Koso-Pol.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 16: 189 (1914), et Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc., Biol., n. s. 28: 181 (1914 publ. 1915)
species :
Sium ninsi L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 25 (1753)
Distribution: North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP KOR NKO
Remarks: possibly a synonym of S. sisarum
Synonyms: hidden
= Cicuta ninci Crantz; Cl. Umbell. Emend. 97 (1767)
= Sium diversifolium H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 172 (1921)
= Sium sisarum var. angustum Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 57 (1867)
= Sium sisarum var. ninsi (L.) Alef.; Landw. Fl. 155 (1866)
species :
Sium serra (Franch. & Sav.) Kitag.; J. Jap. Bot. 17(10): 562 (1941)
Distribution: China (Anhui); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Pimpinella serra Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 372 (1879)
= Sium ternifolium B.Y.Lee & S.C.Ko; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 39(3): 130 (2009)
species :
Sium sisarum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 251 (1753)
Name: Zuckerwurz (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Hungary; Italy [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare N- and W-Greece); S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altay, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Takhar); Syria; China (Xinjiang)
11 aut ger HUN 13 BUL GRC ita KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN IRQ SYR TUR 36 CHI
Remarks: The Asian S. sisaroideum is frequently kept separate
Synonyms: hidden
= Apium sisarum (L.) Calest.; Webbia 1: 176 (1905)
= Apium sisarum var. lancifolium Calest.; Webbia 1: 176 (1905)
= Berula lancifolia (M.Bieb.) Besser; Enum. Pl. [Besser] 44 (1822), nom. inval.
= Carum sisarum (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 7: 179 (1879)
= Pimpinella sisaroidea (DC.) Manden.; Fl. Gruzii 6: 425 (1950)
= Pimpinella sisarum (L.) Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 191 (1879)
= Pimpinella sisarum (L.) Koso-Pol.; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 14: 140 (1913)
= Pimpinella sisarum var. lancifolia (M.Bieb.) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 28: 180 (1914)
= Selinum sisarum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 12: 31 (1904)
= Seseli sisarum (L.) Crantz; Cl. Umbell. Emend. 92 (1767)
= Sisarum sisaroideum (DC.) Schischk.; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 8: 2077 (1935)
= Sium brevifolium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 124 (1830)
= Sium lancifolium f. banaticum J.Wagner; Magyar Bot. Lapok 13: 56 (1914)
= Sium lancifolium M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 230 (1819), nom. illeg.
= Sium latifolium M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 225 (1808) non L.
= Sium podolicum Besser ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 479 (1831)
= Sium podolicum G.Don; Hort. Brit. [Loudon] 473 (1830)
= Sium sisaroideum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 124 (1830)
= Sium sisaroideum f. banaticum (J.Wagner) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 244 (1965)
= Sium sisarum f. banaticum (J.Wagner) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1223 (1926)
= Sium sisarum subsp. sisaroideum (DC.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 23(3-4): 380 (1977 publ. 1978)
= Sium sisarum var. lancifolium (M.Bieb.) Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5(2): 1233 (1926)
= Sium sisarum var. lancifolium Thell.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 5: 1233 (1926)
species :
Sium suave Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 115 (1788)
Name: Hemlock waterparsnip
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guizhou); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Taiwan; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Apium cicutifolia (Schrank) Benth. & Hook.f. ex F.B.Forbes & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 328 (1887)
= Apium lineare (Michx.) Alph.Wood; Amer. Bot. Fl. 140 (1870)
= Cicuta davurica (Hoffm.) Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki, ed. 2: (1812) 45, nomen
= Cicuta davurica (Hoffm.) Fisch. ex F.Dietr.; Neu. Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 2: 423 (1826)
= Cicuta davurica (Hoffm.) Fisch. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 453 (1820)
= Critamus dauricus (Fisch.) Hoffm.; Gen. Pl. Umbell. [Hoffmann], ed. 2: 184 (1816)
= Drepanophyllum heterophyllum (Greene) Koso-Pol.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 16: 188 (1914)
= Drepanophyllum lineare (Michx.) Koso-Pol.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou, n. s. 28: 181 (1914 publ. 1915)
= Falcaria dahurica (Fisch.) DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 110 (1830)
= Sium californicum Baill.; Hist. Pl. [Baillon] 7: 181 (1879)
= Sium cicutarium W.H.Baxter; Hort. Brit. [Loudon], Suppl. 639 (1850), nomen
= Sium cicutifolium Schrank; Baier. Fl. 1: 558 (1789)
= Sium cicutifolium var. brevifolium Peck; Rep. (Annual) Regents Univ. State New York New York State Mus. 43: 83 (1890)
= Sium cicutifolium var. carsonii Stevens; Ill. Guide Fl. Pl. 442 (1910)
= Sium cicutifolium var. heterophyllum (Greene) Jeps.; Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 353 (1901)
= Sium cicutifolium var. lineare H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 57 (1927)
= Sium floridanum Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 976 (1933)
= Sium formosanum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 10: 16 (1921)
= Sium heterophyllum Greene; Pittonia 2: 102 (1890)
= Sium lineare Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 167 (1803)
= Sium lineare var. intermedium Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. [Torrey & A.Gray] 1: 611 (1840)
= Sium nipponicum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 18(3): 286 (1873)
= Sium nipponicum var. ovatum (Yatabe) Y.Yabe; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 16(4): 53 (1902)
= Sium ovatum Yatabe; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 4: 73, t. 22 (1891), et Icon. Fl. Japan. 2: 97, t. 27 (1892)
= Sium rugosum Raf.; Med. Fl. 2: 264 (1830)
= Sium suave f. angustifolium (Kom.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 489 (1979)
= Sium suave f. carsonii Fassett; Rhodora 23: 113 (1921)
= Sium suave f. fasciculatum Fassett; Rhodora 23: 111 (1921)
= Sium suave f. latifolium (Kom.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 489 (1979)
= Sium suave f. nipponicum (Maxim.) Hiyama; J. Jap. Bot. 35: 264 (1960)
= Sium suave var. floridanum (Small) C.F.Reed; Phytologia 63(5): 411 (1987)
= Sium suave var. nipponicum (Maxim.) H.Hara; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 95 (1952)
= Sium suave var. ovatum (Yatabe) H.Hara; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 95 (1952)
= Sium tenuifolium Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept. 30 (1813)
= Sium turfosum H.Wolff; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 172 (1921)
= Siumis heterophyla Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 31 (1836)
species :
Sium tenue (Kom.) Kom.; Izv. Imp. Bot. Sada Petra Velikago 16: 174 (1916)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang); North Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Sium cicutifolium var. tenue Kom.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 25 (Fl. Manshur. 3): 150 (1907)
= Sium heterophyllum Y.N.Lee; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 23: 263 (1993), nom. illeg., non Greene
species :
Sium ventricosum (H.Boissieu) Li S.Wang & M.F.Watson; Phytotaxa 288(3): 266 (2016)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Apium ventricosum H.Boissieu; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 53: 425 (1906)
= Chamaesium frigidum (Hand.-Mazz.) R.H.Shan; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mount. 1: 1290 (1993)
= Sinocarum ventricosum (H.Boissieu) Pimenov & Kljuykov; Feddes Repert. 114(5-6): 356 (2003)
= Sium frigidum Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7(3): 719-720, t. 11, f. 2-4 (1933)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life